U.S. patent number 3,842,955 [Application Number 05/306,873] was granted by the patent office on 1974-10-22 for dot printer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ricon Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Kyuhachiro Iwasaki.
United States Patent |
3,842,955 |
Iwasaki |
October 22, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
DOT PRINTER
Abstract
An apparatus comprising a plurality of dot forming needles each
connected to one of a plurality of electromagnets of the clapper
type arranged in a circle and controlled individually to actuate
the needles selectively so as to perform dot printing by the
needles on a recording sheet.
Inventors: |
Iwasaki; Kyuhachiro (Tokyo,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Ricon Co., Ltd. (Tokyo,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
14083685 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/306,873 |
Filed: |
November 15, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Nov 20, 1971 [JA] |
|
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46-93487 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
400/124.21;
335/270 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B41J
2/275 (20130101); B41J 2/24 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B41J
2/275 (20060101); B41J 2/24 (20060101); B41J
2/235 (20060101); B41J 2/27 (20060101); B41j
003/50 () |
Field of
Search: |
;197/1 ;335/202,203,270
;101/93C |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Fisher; J. Reed
Assistant Examiner: Rader; R. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cooper, Dunham, Clark, Griffin
& Moran
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A dot printer comprising:
a. a plurality of plungerless electromagnets of the clapper type
each comprising a yoke formed of flat sheet material, a core
secured to said yoke, a coil wound on the core, an armature having
a base and an opposite free end, and non-resilient means for
pivotally connecting the armature base to the yoke to allow pivotal
movement of the armature toward and away from the core but to
prevent movement of the armature transversely of the core axis,
said base overlapping the yoke and maintaining contact with a
continuous line thereof at all times, said opposite free end of the
armature tapering in going from the base toward the free end, said
armature being disposed substantially transversely of the core
axis, said plurality of electromagnets being disposed radially to
form a circle with the free ends of the armatures being disposed
toward the center of the circle, said core having a triangular
cross-section with an apex pointing to the center of the
circle,
b. a plurality of needes for performing dot printing corresponding
in number to the plurality of electromagnets, each of said needles
having a free end and a base, and the needles being respectively
operatively connected at their bases to the free ends of the
armatures of the respective electromagnets,
c. resilient means for urging the armatures of the electromagnets
to move away from the cores when the electromagnets are
inoperative, and
d. guide means for guiding the needles to cause the free ends
thereof to be aligned with one another and disposed in a row in
face-to-face relationship with a recording sheet, said
electromagnets being selectively magnetized and rendered operative
for selective actuation of the needles to perform dot printing on
the recording sheet by selective passage of current to the coils of
the electromagnets respectively associated with the needles to be
selectively actuated.
2. A dot printer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means for
urging the armatures of the electromagnets to move away from the
cores when the electromagnets are inoperative comprises a plurality
of plate springs each mounted between the armature and yoke of one
of the electromagnets.
3. A dot printer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means for
urging the armatures of the electromagnets to move away from the
cores when the electromagnets are inoperative comprises a plurality
of coil springs each mounted on one of the needles.
4. A dot printer as set forth in claim 1 further including a
carriage, a pin supported by said carriage, and a feed screw
rotatable at a uniform rate, said electromagnets being mounted on
said carriage together with said needles which are connected to the
respective electromagnets, and said pin being adapted to be brought
into and out of engagement with said feed screw during rotation of
the screw at a uniform rate to move the carriage axially of the
feed screw whereby the needles can be moved in a recording
direction.
5. A dot printer as set forth in claim 4 further including a
solenoid for driving said pin to bring said pin into and out of
engagement with said feed screw.
6. A dot printer comprising:
a. a plurality of plungerless clapper-type electromagnets each
comprising a yoke formed of flat sheet material, a core of
triangular cross-section mounted thereon, an energizable coil wound
on the core, an armature having a base and an opposite free end and
disposed substantially transversely of the core axis, non-resilient
means for pivotally connecting the armature base to the yoke to
allow said free end of the armature to move toward and away from
the core along the core axis but to prevent movement of the
armature transversely of the core axis, said base overlapping the
yoke and maintaining contact with a continuous line thereof at all
times, said electromagnets being disposed in a circle with the
armature free ends oriented toward the center of the circle and
with the apices of the core cross-sections pointing to the center
of the circle;
b. means for resiliently biasing the armature free end of each
electromagnet away from the core thereof such that the armature
free end moves toward and away from the core in correspondence with
energization and de-energization, respectively, of the coil wound
on the core;
c. a plurality of needles, equal in number to the electromagnets,
each having a free end and respectively operatively interengaged
with the armature free ends of the respective electromagnets for
movement therewith such that the free end of each needle is
advanced and retracted in correspondence with movement of its
associated armature free end toward and away from its associated
core, respectively; and
d. guide means for aligning the free ends of the needles in a
straight row and for guiding each needle free end, in its position
in said row, to produce a dot imprint on a recording medium upon
advance of the needle free end as aforesaid, said electromagnet
coils being selectively energizable for effecting selective advance
of particular ones of said needles to produce on the recording
medium a predetermined dot imprint pattern.
7. A dot printer as defined in claim 6, wherein said biasing means
for each electromagnet comprises a plate spring acting between the
yoke and armature of the electromagnet, and wherein each of said
needles has a base secured to the free end of the armature with
which it is operatively interengaged.
8. A dot printer as defined in claim 6, wherein each of said
needles has an enlarged base bearing against the free end of the
armature with which it is operatively interengaged, and extends
therefrom through said guide means, and further including fixed
structure through which said needles movably extend intermediate
said armatures and said guide means, and wherein said biasing means
comprises a plurality of helical springs respectively surrounding
said needles, each of said springs being under compression between
the base of the needle it surrounds and said fixed structure for
urging the needle into a retracted position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to dot printers using a plurality of dot
forming needles, and more particularly it is concerned with a dot
printer of the type in which base portions of the dot forming
needles are arranged in a circle.
In one type of mechanical dot printers known in the art, seven dot
forming needles, for example, are arranged in a row lengthwise of a
recording sheet and selectively actuated while being moved
crosswise thereof, so that dot printing can be performed on the
recording sheet through a carbon tape.
Generally, electromagnet means is used for actuating the dot
forming needles. The electromagnet means used should be quick in
response and should have a sufficiently high power to permit dot
printing to be performed satisfactorily by the needles, because the
time during which a row of dots is printed should be very short.
Because of this, electromagnets of the plunger type which are high
in efficiency have hitherto been in use in many dot printers of the
prior art.
Some disadvantages are associated with the use of electromagnets of
the plunger type. Specialized art is needed to work on materials to
fabricate parts of the electromagnets, and it is difficult to
obtain a small size in an electromagnet of the plunger type. Thus,
the dot printers of the type using electromagnets of the plunger
type are high in cost and large in overall size.
Electromagnets of dot printers of the prior art are arranged in a
row so that the free ends of needles depending from the plungers of
the electromagnets may be disposed in a row lengthwise of the
recording sheet. In this arrangement, nearly all the needles
depending from the electromagnets are more or less bent outwardly
in going to their base portions except possibly for the center
needle so that the needles are arranged segmentally as seen from
the front or rear, because the free ends of the needles should be
concentrated in a small area while their bases are connected to the
electromagnets of large size. This arrangement of the needles has
made it necessary to fit a tubular needle guide over each needle
because each needle moves along a curved path. The use of the
tubular needle guides has the disadvantage of offering resistance
to the movement of needles and the frictional dragging of the
guides on the needles causes a reduction in the efficiency of the
electromagnets. Besides, the arrangement in which the
electromagnets are disposed in a row requires more space than is
necessary in the dot printer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention has as one of its objects the provision of a dot
printer which uses a plurality of electromagnets of the clapper
type having a segmental cross-sectional shape and arranged radially
to form a circle so that the base portions of the needles depending
from the electromagnets may be disposed in a small circle to permit
the free ends of the needle to be disposed adjacent one another in
a row.
Another object of the invention is to provide a dot printer which
is quick in response in spite of the fact that simple
electromagnets of the clapper type is used, compact in size and low
in cost.
According to the invention, there is provided a dot printer wherein
the armature of each electromagnet of the clapper type is adapted
to be moved away from the core of the electromagnet by separating
means when the electromagnets are de-actuated, so that the
mechanism can be simplified and the operation of the needle can be
performed positively even if the stroke is very small. Besides, the
electromagnets are segmental in cross-section and arranged radially
to form a circle, so that it is possible to obtain a compact
overall size in a dot printer.
In the present device, the needles are arranged in a small circle
to form a small bundle and disposed substantially perpendicular to
the plane of the recording sheet as the result of the arrangement
in which the electromagnets are arranged radially to form a circle.
This eliminates the need to use tubular needle guides, so that the
working on the needles is simplified and the production cost is
reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front view of the dot printer comprising one embodiment
of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the dot printer shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the cores of the electromagnets;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an electromagnet with certain parts being
broken away;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of an electromagnet showing
its construction;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of one example of a recording sheet on which
dots are printed;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the dot printer comprising another
embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the dot printer shown in
FIG. 8 showing the construction of its essential portions.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIG. 1, the dot printer is shown as comprising drive means 1
comprising a plurality (seven in the embodiment shown) of
electromagnets 2 of the clapper type each of which is firmly
secured by a screw 3 to a mounting plate 4. Each electromagnet 2
comprises a coil 6 wound on a core 5 as shown in FIG. 4, the core 5
being segmental or triangular in cross-section as shown in FIG. 3
so that the coil 6 wound thereon is substantially segmental in
cross-section. Flanges 7 and 8 secured to opposite ends of the core
6 prevent opposite ends of the coil 6 from being unwound from the
core 5.
The screw 3 threadably connected to the left end portion of the
core 5 loosely extends through an opening formed in the mounting
member 4 and through an opening formed in a mounting portion of a
yoke 9, and a plate spring 11 is mounted between the mounting
portion 9a of yoke 9 and the mounting plate 4 so as to urge the
mounting portion 9a into pressing engagement with the left end
surface of core 5. The yoke 9 includes a portion 9b which is
parallel to the axis of core 5 and which has firmly secured to its
free end by two screws 13 (FIG. 6) a base of an L-shaped supporter
12. In supporter 12, at the junction of a longer portion 12b and a
shorter portion 12a there is formed an opening 14 as shown in FIG.
6; a projection 15a formed in the base of an armature 15 extends
through a portion of the opening 14 disposed on the shorter portion
12a.
The armature 15 has a free end portion which tapers in going toward
its free end where two shoulders 15b, 15b are formed. A plate
spring 16 adapted to urge the armature 15 to move away from the
core 5 is formed at its opposite ends with projections 16a and 16b
which are adapted to be brought into engagement with the shoulders
15b, 15b in the armature 15 and an edge of the opening 14 formed on
the longer portion side of support 12 respectively. As shown in
FIG. 4, the armature 15 is disposed parallel to the right end
surface of core 5 with a very small clearance being interposed
therebetween and normally urged by the biasing force of plate
spring 16 to move away from the right end surface of core 5 into an
inoperative position. An elongated needle 17 for performing dot
printing is secured at its base to a free end 15c of armature
15.
The core of an electromagnet is usually circular in cross-section.
However, the electromagnets used in the invention each have a core
which is segmental in cross-section as shown in FIG. 3. This
permits the electromagnets 2 to be arranged radially to form a
circle without using more space than is necessary and thus permits
an overall compact size to be obtained in a dot printer. The use of
the armature 15 which includes a free end portion tapering in going
toward the free end as shown in FIG. 6 permits the outer diameter
of the drive means 1 to be greatly reduced when the electromagnets
2 are arranged radially to form a circle as shown in FIG. 2 and
thus permits the armature to operate quickly when actuated because
of low inertia. In addition, leakage of magnetism can be minimized
from the closed magnetic circuit formed by the core 5, yoke 9 and
armature 15.
The plate spring 16 which is adapted to urge the armature 15 to
move away from the core 5 when the electromagnet is de-actuated as
aforementioned serves concurrently as a guide for the armature,
thereby permitting the size of the drive means 1 to be reduced.
Moreover, since the biasing force of the plate spring shows a
sudden change even if the stroke of the armature is small, it has
particular utility with the electromagnet. That is, the biasing
force of the plate spring is low in the initial stages of actuation
of the electromagnet 2; hence the armature 15 and the rod 17 can
operate quickly. Conversely, the biasing force of the plate spring
is high when the electromagnet 2 is de-actuated, so that the speed
of movement of armature 15 and rod 17 to their inoperative
positions can be increased. Thus, the use of the plate spring is
conducive to increased speed at which dot printing is
performed.
Referring to FIG. 1 again, a carriage 18 is firmly secured to the
mounting plate 4 and loosely mounted on guide shafts 19 and 21
connected at opposite ends to an immovable member (not shown). A
pin 23 is loosely fitted in a boss 22 secured to the carriage 18,
the pin 23 and boss 22 constituting a so-called click mechanism for
stabilizing the pin 23 irrespective of whether the pin 23 is in or
out of engagement with a feed screw 24 disposed juxtaposed to the
right end of pin 23 in FIG. 1. The feed screw 24 extends through a
relatively large aperture 18a formed in the carriage 18 and is
supported by an immovable member (not shown) for rotation at a
uniform rate. The right end of pin 23 is juxtaposed to the threaded
portion of feed screw 24.
When the carriage 18 is in an inoperative position, the pin 23 is
engaged at its left end, as shown in FIG. 1, with one arm end of a
crank arm 25 which is connected at the other arm to an actuator of
a solenoid 26.
A shaft 27 supporting the solenoid 26 and crank arm 25 is connected
to a printer proper (not shown). When the solenoid 26 is energized,
the pin 23 is brought into engagement with the feed screw 24 which
rotates while the solenoid 26 is being energized, so that the pin
23 is moved by the rotating feed screw 24 to move the carriage 18
with the pin 23 along the guide shafts 19 and 21 axially thereof in
a recording direction.
Firmly secured to a left end of the carriage 18 is a guide plate 28
formed with a plurality of openings through which the needles 17
loosely extend. A coloring ribbon 31, such as a carbon tape, red
ribbon or the like, a recording sheet 32 and a backing plate 33 are
disposed leftwardly of the free ends of needle 17 in FIG. 1.
In operation, when the solenoid 26 is energized, the crank arm 25
pivots clockwise about the shaft 27 in FIG. 1 to move the pin 23
rightwardly into engagement with the feed screw 24. When in
engagement with the feed screw 24, the pin 23 is moved by the
rotating feed screw 24 to move the carriage 18, magnets 2 and
needles 17 along the guide shafts 19 and 21. As the magnets and
needles move, an actuation signal is selectively supplied to
electromagnets 2 in synchronism with the movement of needles 17.
Those electromagnets to which the actuating signal is supplied are
magnetized and the respective needles perform a dot printing
operation. When the needles 17 perform a dot printing operation,
they strike the recording sheet 32 through the ribbon 31 to form
dots on the recording sheet.
More specifically, when a current is passed to the coil 6 in FIG.
4, a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the core 5, yoke 9 and
armature to attract the armature to the core 5, so that the needle
17 moves leftwardly to strike the recording sheet through the
ribbon. As the needles 17 strike the recording sheet 32 at high
speed according to a predetermined program, a symbol 34 as shown in
FIG. 7 is recorded on the sheet 32. The needles 17 have a very
small stroke which is about 0.5 millimeter and operate at high
speed such that about fifty symbols can be formed per second.
In the embodiment shown and described above, there are seven
needles arranged in a row. It is to be understood, however, that
the invention is not limited to this number of needles and that the
needles may be five in number or any other number as desired and
arranged in two rows with the adjacent needles of the two rows
being staggered as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho
46-41357.
FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show another embodiment of the drive means of the
dot printer according to the invention. Secured to one end of a
support post 34 is a guide plate 35 which is formed therein with a
needle guide opening 35a as shown in FIG. 8. A cylindrical guide 36
formed therein with a needle guide opening 36a and fitted over the
support post 34 is secured to the guide plate 35. Secured to the
cylindrical guide 36 in ring form are a plurality of yokes 9 each
comprising a mounting portion 9a having secured thereto a core 5 on
which a coil 6 is wound and held in place by flanges 7 and 8.
As shown in FIG. 9, a supporter 12' is secured by a screw 13' to
the free end portion of a portion 9b of each yoke 9 which is
parallel to the corresponding core 5. The supporter 12' is formed
at its free end portion with a plurality of projections 12a' and
12b' for receiving therein pins 37 and 38 respectively which
pivotally support an armature 15' at its base.
A needle 17 extends through the guide openings 35a and 36a formed
in the guide plate 35 and cylindrical guide 36 respectively, and
has a coil spring 41 mounted at its base between stoppers 39 and
40. Referring to the upper one of the armatures 15' shown in FIG.
8, and to the needle 17 and spring 41 associated therewith, the
coil spring 41 urges the needle 17 to press, through the stopper
40, the free end of armature 15' to cause the same to pivot counter
clockwise about the shafts 37 and 38. The free end of armature 15'
is positioned against a rubber cushion 42 provided at the inner
side of a stopper 43 mounted at the other end of support post 34
and locked in this position by stopper 43.
When a current is passed to the electromagnets each comprising coil
6 and core 5 while the needles 17 having their free ends oriented
toward the recording sheet are moved in the recording direction,
the armature 15' of each electromagnet is attracted to the core 5,
thereby causing each needle to move leftwardly in FIG. 8 against
the biasing force of coil spring 41 to perform a dot printing
operation. According to the invention, the needles 17 can be
actuated to perform dot printing by the drive means constructed as
aforementioned.
In place of moving the needles 17 by means of the feed screw 24 as
described in the first embodiment to carry out dot printing, the
recording sheet may be moved to carry out dot printing. In either
case, the ribbon can be eliminated if the recording sheet is of the
character such that it develops color upon being struck by the
needles.
* * * * *