U.S. patent number 3,829,899 [Application Number 05/411,318] was granted by the patent office on 1974-08-20 for bulletproof protective body armor.
Invention is credited to Richard C. Davis.
United States Patent |
3,829,899 |
Davis |
August 20, 1974 |
BULLETPROOF PROTECTIVE BODY ARMOR
Abstract
A bulletproof body armor formed of a pad made of a number of
loose sheets woven of heavy gauge nylon threads, with the pad being
enclosed within a cloth envelope having a pocket formed therein in
the plane of said pad. A semi-flexible metal insert plate is
removably arranged within said pocket. The plate comprises a number
of plate sections arranged in a common plane, in edge-to-edge
contact, one above the other. Each of the edge-to-edge joints is
covered by an overlapping cover plate. A flexible cloth-like sheet
covers and is adhesively secured to the exposed surfaces of the
plate sections to secure them together and permit flexing of the
plate transversely to the joints.
Inventors: |
Davis; Richard C. (Central
Lake, MI) |
Family
ID: |
26941371 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/411,318 |
Filed: |
October 31, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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251077 |
May 8, 1972 |
3783449 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
2/2.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41H
1/02 (20130101); F41H 5/0492 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41H
1/00 (20060101); F41H 1/02 (20060101); F41h
001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/2.5 ;161/404 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Guest; Alfred R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cullen, Settle, Sloman &
Cantor
Parent Case Text
PARENT APPLICATION
This application is both a divisional and continuation-in-part of
my prior application, Ser. No. 251,077 filed May 8, 1972, now U.S.
Pat. No. 3,783,449.
Claims
Having fully described an operative embodiment of this invention, I
now claim:
1. A semi-flexible, bulletproof metal plate, comprising:
a number of equal size, first, thin, metal plate sections arranged
in edge to edge contact, one above the other, in a common
plane;
a number of equal size, second thin metal cover plate sections
arranged one above the other in a common plane, and each
overlapping, in face to face contact with, and extending the length
of the edge to edge joints between each adjacent pair of said first
plate sections;
a flexible cloth-like covering material covering the exposed
surfaces of said first and second sections and adhered thereto and
thereby holding the sections together;
whereby said metal plate may be flexibly curved in a direction
transverse to said joints.
2. A construction as defined in claim 1, and said second, cover
plate sections being considerably narrower, in the direction
transverse to the edge to edge joints than said first metal plate
sections, thereby exposing surface portions of the first metal
plate sections between each adjacent pair of said second cover
plate sections.
3. A construction as defined in claim 1 and wherein the adjacent
edges of each adjacent pair of said second cover plate sections are
likewise arranged in edge to edge contact to thereby form edge to
edge joints extending parallel to but offset relative to the edge
to edge joints of the first plate sections so that each of the
joints of the second cover plate sections are overlapped and
covered by a first plate section.
4. In a bulletproof protective armor comprising a relatively
flexible pad formed of a number of sheets, such as one to two dozen
sheets approximately, of cloth arranged in face to face
relationship and secured together with major portions of the sheets
being substantially free of positive securement together for
relative flexing of each of the sheets, and said cloth being of a
tightly woven material formed of a heavy, nylon type thread; and
said pad being encased within a flat, cloth-like envelope; and a
pocket formed within the envelope and opening at one edge thereof,
with the pocket being arranged parallel to the pad sheets; and a
metal insert plate removably arranged within said pocket; the
improvement comprising:
said metal plate being formed of a number of equal size, first
thin, metal plate sections arranged in edge to edge contact, one
above the other, in a common plane;
and a number of equal size, second, thin metal cover plate sections
arranged one above the other in a common plane, and each
overlapping, in face to face contact with, and extending the length
of the edge to edge joints between each adjacent pair of said first
plate sections;
and a flexible cloth-like covering material covering the exposed
surfaces of said first and second sections and adhered thereto and
thereby holding the sections together;
whereby said metal plate and the armor portion containing said
metal plate may be flexibly curved in a direction transverse to
said joints.
5. A construction as defined in claim 4 and including support means
for supporting the armor upon a human torso, in a roughly vertical
plane, with said pocket arranged roughly vertically and
approximately centrally of the side edges forming said envelope and
opening along the upper edge of said envelope.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
Bulletproof protective armor for personal use by human beings, has
been made of metal or suitable plastic, bullet resistant, plates
fastened together in some way to fit around the wearer's body, and
particularly his torso. Such type armor has been very heavy and
stiff, thus making it extremely uncomfortable for wear.
In addition, the bullet stopping capabilities of such prior armor
has been severely limited since, as a general rule, the bullet
stopping capacity has been directly related to the thickness, and
thus the weight, of such materials. Hence, a truly effective
bulletproofing material of the past available types, is much too
heavy to be ordinarily worn by a person.
At best, they could have been worn only for a short time and even
then, the limitations on weight have resulted in armor which in
fact, will not stop high powered rifle or pistol bullets or those
fired at very close range, such as point blank or virtually against
the armor.
Thus, there is a need for a relatively lightweight, flexible,
easily worn, body armor particularly for use by such class of
persons as police officers during normal or relatively known to be
dangerous duties and which are capable of stopping most type
bullets and whose bullet stopping capacity can be increased at
times of increased danger. More particularly, the invention herein
relates to a body protective armor insert plate, for adding to a
lighter weight armor which can be normally worn by a person.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
In general, the invention herein contemplates a semi-flexible plate
to be added to and used in conjunction with a bulletproof pad made
of sheets of woven heavy gauge nylon threads, which pad is enclosed
within a cloth envelope provided with suitable shoulder straps or
the like for fastening it upon a human torso, and also provided
with a pocket for removable insertion of said plate, when
needed.
When such pad is made of a suitable number of layers of the woven
nylon cloth, as for example about 1 to 2 dozen layers and probably
optimumly in the order of 18 layers or so, the pad will stop most
common bullets, even at point blank range of only a few inches
between the muzzle of the fire arm and the pad. For stopping the
few types of more high powered or so-called armor piercing bullets,
the added semi-flexible metal plate insert, may be used to
cooperate with the pad in stopping even these more powerful types
of bullets.
The armor, without the metal plate insert, is sufficiently
lightweight, e.g., about 5 pounds, and is sufficiently flexible so
as to move with the wearer's body, that it may be normally worn by
police officers and others who are engaged in relatively dangerous
activity where bullets and similar missiles may be expected, but at
unexpected times. However, in more dangerous appearing situations,
the wearer may insert the plate into the envelope pocket to
increase his protection and yet still be able to relatively easily
move due to the semi-flexibility of the plate.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will
become apparent, upon reading the following description, of which
the attached drawings form a part.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a form of the protective
armor herein which may be worn by a person for protecting the front
and rear of his torso.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view, taken in the direction
of arrows 2--2 of FIG. 1 and schematically showing the protective
insert metal plate.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the cloth blank used for forming
the pad containing envelope.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one section, including the outer
envelope, of the armor and illustrates the metal insert plate being
inserted therein.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, enlarged and fragmentary, of the
bulletproof pad.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the pad per se.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows
7--7 of FIG. 1, to an enlarged scale, including schematically
showing the metal insert.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged, cross-sectional perspective view of the
metal insert.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a portion of the insert.
FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 9, but showing a
modification.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the plate sections forming the
modification of FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIG. 1, the bulletproof protective armor, generally
designated as 10, may be made with a front body section 11 and a
rear body protective section 12 connected together by means of
suitable shoulder straps 13, which fit over the shoulders of the
wearer for suspending the sections fore and aft of his body, with a
suitable body encircling belt 14 extending around the sections and
the wearer's body, near the waist thereof.
In this form of armor, each protective section is made of a cloth
envelope 15 (see FIGS. 2, 4 and 7) which may be made of a single
piece of cloth folded in half, to form a front and rear cloth body
covering portion 16, with upwardly extending portions 17. The
adjacent edges 18 of the body portion part 16 and extensions 17 may
be stitched together by suitable stitching. Thereafter, the
extensions 17 are reversely tucked into the envelope to form an
upwardly opening central pocket 19 for removably receiving a metal
insert plate 20 for increasing the protective capabilities of the
armor when needed.
The envelope 15 is simply a container for the bulletproof
protective pad 21. This pad is made of layers 22 of the cloth with
is woven out of heavy gauge, linearly oriented, nylon thread, with
a tight weave. By either suitably folding the cloth back and forth,
or else by the use of suitable stitching, the sheets or layers
making up the pad are connected together along an edge 32 and are
otherwise substantially free of connection so as to be relatively
flexible, one sheet relative to the next. Although some additional
stitching or fastening may be needed to keep the sheets properly
together, e.g., along other edges, the major portions of each of
the sheets are free to individually flex or move to a considerable
extent. Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the pad forming layers or
sheets may be stitched together by stitches 24 at their lower
corners and also by stitches 25 at their upper corners which also
connect the ends of the shoulder straps to the pad, which stitches
may be further extended to also connect the envelope to the
pad.
The number of layers or sheets of cloth may be varied to meet
specific requirements. By way of example, 17 to 18 layers formed of
stretch or linearly oriented nylon of approximately 1050 denier,
will stop a 45 caliber bullet fired from a pistol with the muzzle
located right at the pad surface. Within a range of a few inches up
to a foot, virtually all hand gun bullets as well as many rifle
bullets will be stopped. This includes such relatively high powered
weapons as a 357 magnum, as well as low powered 22 caliber rifle
bullets, 38 caliber pistol bullets, and the like. For protection
against so called high speed or armor piercing type bullets, the
metal plate 20 may be inserted, as described above, giving the
additional stopping ability needed for these types of missiles.
The specific type of nylon used may vary as may the degree of
linear orientation, and this will affect the number of layers
required, requiring the addition of one or more layers to be added
or perhaps removed, as the case may be.
Apparently, the nylon material absorbs the energy of the bullet or
similar missile in the form of heat energy which may melt or
partially melt the points of impact and the closely surrounding
areas of the pad, thus stopping the bullet before actual
penetration. In many cases, the bullet will simply bounce off the
pad, without penetrating at all.
The pad when assembled into the bulletproof armor, in a size
suitable to protect the torso of a human being, may be on the order
of about 93/4 inches by 141/2 inches in size, with a thickness of
approximately 1/2 inch, giving a weight of approximately 21/4
pounds per armor sections. Thus, the entire armor may weight
something on the order of less than five pounds.
Of course, the size of the armor may be increased substantially to
cover more of the body of the wearer, in which case there will be
some slight additional weight. Also, the armor may be so shaped as
to protect inanimate objects. The armor itself is sufficiently
lightweight and flexible that it may be comfortably worn by such
persons as police officers during even normal, as well as dangerous
assignments, for protecting the wearer at all times.
Preferably, the envelope is made of the same cloth material as is
the pad, thus providing two additional layers to the pad. Also, the
belt 14 may be secured to the envelope and the ends of the belt
secured together by stitching "Velcro" type cloth patches 26 in the
appropriate places. This conventional cloth is formed with napped
fibers which interengage to secure opposing patches together.
To make the insert plate flexible enough to bend and conform to the
curvature of the wearer's body, it is formed of a number of edge to
edge aligned pairs of thin steel plate sections 27-28 (e.g., 1/8
inch thick), with the joints between the pairs overlapped by a
narrower cover plate 29. All of the plates are enclosed within a
flexible cloth cover material 30 adhesively secured to the exposed
surfaces of the plates. Thus, the overlapped, aligned plate
sections may flex or move relative to the original flat plane of
the insert as indicated in dotted lines in FIG. 8. The insert is
thereby relatively flexible in the direction transverse to the
joints.
In the modification of FIGS. 10 and 11, two rows of plate sections
are used to form the insert plate 20a, with the horizontally
extending edge to edge joints of the plates 33 of one row being
covered by the plates 34 of the second row. The plates 33 and 34
may all be of the same size, e.g., 3 inches high by 6 inches wide
by about 1/8 inch thickness. Thus, the joints of one row are
covered by and in face to face contact with the plates of the
opposite row. Shorter plates 35 at the upper and lower ends of the
row formed by plates 34 equalize the height of the two rows. The
plates are covered by cloth or cloth-like material, e.g., wide
plastic adhesive tape, as above.
The double thickness plates resist high powered bullets even at the
joints. Yet the overall insert plate is semi-flexible, that is, can
be bent transversely of the joints, as shown in dotted lines in
FIG. 10, due to the flexible covering 30.
* * * * *