U.S. patent number 3,825,953 [Application Number 05/371,897] was granted by the patent office on 1974-07-30 for anti-fogging device for eye shields.
Invention is credited to Robert R. Hunter.
United States Patent |
3,825,953 |
Hunter |
July 30, 1974 |
ANTI-FOGGING DEVICE FOR EYE SHIELDS
Abstract
For use with a ski goggle or the like, an anti-fogging device
including a housing adapted to be positioned and retained between
the top transverse portion of a conventional goggle frame and a
wearer's forehead, and defining a passage for conducting air from
the exterior into the space between the goggle lens and the
wearer's face so that the air is directed toward the inner surface
of the lens. A fan, having a motor carried by the housing, is
mounted in the passage for forcing air therethrough. Power may be
supplied to the motor from batteries carried in a case secured to
the wearer's clothing.
Inventors: |
Hunter; Robert R. (Lenox,
MA) |
Family
ID: |
23465850 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/371,897 |
Filed: |
June 20, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
2/437;
D16/330 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F
9/028 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61F
9/02 (20060101); A61f 009/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/14N,14K,9,8,171 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scanlan, Jr.; Richard J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cooper, Dunham, Clark, Griffin
& Moran
Claims
I claim:
1. An anti-fogging device for use with an eye shield having a lens
for protecting a wearer's eyes, a lens-holding frame including an
upper frame portion positioned to extend across the wearer's
forehead, and means for holding the frame and lens in
eye-protecting position on the wearer's face such that a space is
defined between the major extent of the lens and the wearer's face,
said upper frame portion projecting rearwardly of the lens and said
frame-holding means comprising means for resiliently urging the
frame and lens toward the wearer's face, said device comprising
a. a housing shaped and dimensioned to be positioned and retained
between said upper frame portion and the wearer's forehead, said
housing including an upper portion disposed to project above said
frame and a lower portion disposed to project into said space,
b. said housing defining a passage including a plenum extending
from the upper portion to the lower portion thereof for conducting
air into said space from the exterior,
c. said lower housing portion defining a vent communicating with
said plenum for directing air flow from the plenum toward the inner
surface of said lens within said space, and
d. said upper housing portion defining an inlet opening for
admitting air into said plenum from the exterior;
e. a fan mounted in said passage for forcing air from the exterior
through said vent against the inner surface of said lens;
f. a motor mounted in said housing for driving said fan in a
direction for forcing air through said vent as aforesaid; and
g. means, supportable on the wearer's person, for supplying power
to said motor;
h. said housing having a forward wall defining a forwardly opening
C-shaped recess intermediate said upper and lower housing portions
for receiving the rearwardly projecting upper frame portion of the
eye shield, and
i. said housing further having a rear wall curved to conform
generally to the wearer's forehead, thereby to enable said housing
to be clamped between said upper frame portion and the wearer's
forehead by force exerted on the frame by the holding means, with
the housing restrained against vertical movement by the upper frame
portion received in said recess.
2. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein said vent is a
horizontally elongated slot opening through the lower portion of
said forward wall, said inlet opening is formed in the upper
portion of said forward wall, and said plenum diverges downwardly
from said inlet opening to said vent such that the lower extremity
of said plenum is substantially coextensive in length with said
vent.
3. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said plenum is laterally
constricted intermediate said upper and lower housing portions; and
wherein said housing further includes a horizontally elongated
baffle sloping forwardly and downwardly along the upper edge of
said vent for directing air, flowing through said vent, in a
generally downward direction toward the inner surface of said
lens.
4. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein said fan is oriented
such that the axis of rotation thereof is parallel to the direction
of air flow through said inlet opening, and wherein said motor is
mounted in the upper portion of said housing forwardly of said
inlet opening, said upper housing portion being shaped to extend
forwardly over the upper frame portion of the eye shield.
5. A device as defined in claim 1, further including resilient
padding mounted within said C-shaped recess for cushioning
engagement with the upper frame portion of the eye shield, and a
soft head-engaging element mounted on said rear wall of said
housing.
6. An anti-fogging device for use with an eye shield having a lens
for protecting a wearer's eyes, a lens-holding frame including an
upper frame portion positioned to extend across the wearer's
forehead, and means for holding the frame and lens in
eye-protecting position on the wearer's face such that a space is
defined between the major extent of the lens and the wearer's face,
said device comprising
a. a housing, separate from the eye shield, shaped and dimensioned
to be positioned against a wearer's forehead, said housing
including an upper portion disposed to be positioned above said
upper frame portion, a lower portion, and means for retaining the
housing in position on the wearer's forehead,
b. said housing defining a passage including a plenum extending
from the upper portion to the lower portion thereof for conducting
air into said space from the exterior,
c. said lower housing portion defining a vent communicating with
said plenum and shaped and positioned for directing air flow from
the plenum against the inner surface of said lens within said
space, and
d. said upper housing portion defining an inlet opening for
admitting air into said plenum from the exterior;
e. a fan mounted in said passage for forcing air from the exterior
downwardly through said passage and thence through said vent
against the inner surface of said lens;
f. a motor mounted in said housing for driving said fan in a
direction for forcing air through said vent as aforesaid; and
g. means, supportable on the wearer's person, for supplying power
to said motor.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to anti-fogging devices for eye shields such
as ski goggles and the like.
A typical present-day conventional ski goggle comprises a unitary
transparent shield or lens, dimensioned to extend across both eyes
of a wearer, and mounted in a frame which is in turn held on the
wearer's head by resilient means such as a head-surrounding elastic
strap. The frame, which at least in its upper portion commonly
projects somewhat rearwardly (i.e. toward the face) from the lens,
may be cushioned for comfortable contact with the face. Thus there
is defined, between the lens and the wearer's face, a more or less
fully enclosed air space.
Ski goggles of the described type satisfactorily protect the
wearer's eyes against wind, snow and/or glare. However, such
goggles are subject to fogging, i.e. condensation of moisture on
the inner surface of the lens, and resultant interference with the
wearer's vision, indeed to an extent frequently necessitating
inconvenient removal and wiping of the goggle. This fogging occurs
when air, warmed and humidified by the wearer's face, comes into
contact with the relatively cold lens surface in the aforementioned
enclosed space in the absence of substantial air circulation
therethrough. Similar fogging problems are encountered in use of
other types of eye shields as well.
Various expedients have heretofore been proposed for prevention or
removal of fogging conditions in ski goggles and other eye shields.
In general, these expedients have involved provision of ventilating
passages in the goggle frame. Fog-preventing air circulation
through the space enclosed by the goggle may thereby be achieved so
long as motion of the wearer (e.g. incident to skiing) causes
impingement of substantial air currents against the goggle; but
when the wearer is stationary or moving at slow speeds, air flow
through the ventilating passages is often insufficient to prevent
or remove accumulation of fog on the lens.
It has also heretofore been proposed to provide means powered by
the wearer's respiration for positively creating air currents
through the space between an eye shield lens and the wearer's face,
and/or to provide means for heating the lens, again for the purpose
of preventing fogging. Apart from the physical exertion required
for respiration-powered ventilation, these expedients are
disadvantageous in that they (and indeed also the ventilation
passage arrangements mentioned above) are capable of embodiment
only in special goggle structures; in other words, they are not
adaptable to use with an ordinary goggle such as may be already in
the wearer's possession.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved
device for preventing and removing accumulation of fog on the lens
of a ski goggle or like eye shield independently of movement or
other physical exertion by a wearer.
Another and particularly important object is to provide such a
device capable of use with existing conventional ski goggles, and
requiring no structural modification of the goggle, or permanent
mounting operation, for such use.
To these and other ends, the present invention broadly contemplates
the provision of an anti-fogging device comprising a housing shaped
and dimensioned to be positioned and retained between an edge
portion of an eye shield and a wearer's face, and defining a
passage for conducting air from the exterior into contact with the
inner surface of a lens of the eye shield (i.e. within the enclosed
space defined between the goggle and the face); a fan mounted in
the passage for forcing air therethrough from the exterior and
against the lens surface; a motor mounted in the housing for
driving the fan; and means, supportable on the wearer's person, for
supplying power to the motor.
As adapted for use with a conventional ski goggle having a top
transverse frame portion that projects rearwardly from the lens
toward the wearer's forehead, the housing of the device may be
adapted to fit between the forehead and the top transverse frame
portion, and may include a forward wall defining a horizontally
extending C-shaped recess for receiving the top transverse frame
portion. It will be understood that the terms "forward" and "rear"
or "rearward," as used herein, refer to directions respectively
away from and toward the wearer's face.
The fan motor may be an electric motor, and the power supply means
may comprise a case for holding one or more batteries, with a loop
for attachment to a belt or other portion of the wearer's clothing;
means including flexible wires for electrically connecting the
battery or batteries to the motor; and a switch, e.g. mounted on
the case and operable by manual pressure, for turning the motor on
and off.
The air passage may include a plenum extending from the upper
portion of the housing to the lower portion thereof, with an
opening formed in the upper housing portion for admitting air from
the exterior to the plenum, and a vent formed in the lower housing
portion for directing air from the plenum onto the inner surface of
the goggle lens. The vent may be a forwardly opening, horizontally
elongated slit, and its upper edge may be shaped to constitute a
downwardly and forwardly sloping baffle for directing the air flow
generally downwardly over the lens surface.
In use, the device is simply placed on the goggle frame, with the
upper transverse frame portion received in the C-shaped recess of
the housing, and is effectively clamped and held between the frame
and the wearer's forehead by force exerted on the frame by the
elastic headband conventionally provided for the goggle. Cushioning
or padding material may be mounted within the C-shaped recess and
also on the rear wall of the housing, which is preferably curved to
conform generally to a wearer's forehead. The device is stably
retained in operative position without being fixedly mounted on the
goggle, and without structural modification of the goggle. When the
wearer is skiing or otherwise in relatively rapid motion, the fan
may be turned off; the air passages of the housing, cooperating
with lateral gaps inherently defined between the frame and the
wearer's face (and/or between the frame and lens) in a conventional
goggle, provide effective air circulation through the space between
the lens and the face so as to prevent fogging, yet without
exposing the face to snow or wind. When the wearer is moving slowly
or is stationary, the fan is turned on, producing a fully effective
fog-preventing and dissipating flow of air over the lens inner
surface. In this way, essentially complete freedom from fogging is
readily and conveniently maintained at all times in a conventional
goggle or eye shield.
Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent
from the detailed description hereinbelow set forth, together with
the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an anti-fogging device
embodying the present invention in a particular form, as mounted on
a generally conventional ski goggle on a wearer's head;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the device and goggle of FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the device of FIG. 1, without the
goggle;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same device;
FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the device of FIG. 1 without
the goggle;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view thereof; and
FIG. 7 is a side elevational sectional view of the same device as
mounted on the goggle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the drawings, the invention will be described for
purposes of illustration as embodied in a device adapted for use
with a generally conventional ski goggle shown at 10 in FIGS. 1, 2
and 7. The goggle 10 includes a unitary transparent curved lens 11
shaped to extend across a portion of the wearer's face, in
shielding relation to both the wearer's eyes, and a continuous
curved frame 12 which extends entirely around the perimeter of the
lens. Both the frame and the lens may be fabricated of suitable,
more or less stiffly flexible plastics. In the form shown, the lens
is secured to the frame by interengagement of a plurality of
projections 14 on the frame with peripheral slots or notches 15
formed on the lens; the frame is contoured to conform generally to
the circumocular region of a human face, with the lower frame
portion 16 fitting around and resting on the nose. A resiliently
compressible pad 18 is mounted on the rearwardly facing surface of
the frame for comfortable contact with the face.
The goggle is retained on the wearer's head by means of an elastic
headband 19 secured at its ends to opposite side portions 20, 20 of
the frame. This band 19, surrounding the head, resiliently urges
the frame against the wearer's face so that the goggle more or less
fully encloses an air space 22 between the lens and the face.
However, minor lateral air gaps are present between the frame and
the face at various localities around the frame, owing to
divergences from true conformity of the frame to the facial
contours; also, in the illustrated goggle, there may be gaps
between the lens and frame. These gaps permit outflow of air from
the enclosed space 22.
The transverse upper portion 24 of the frame, extending generally
horizontally forwardly and across the wearer's forehead, is curved
or bowed outwardly in general conformity with the forehead. This
frame portion 24, as best seen in FIG. 7, projects rearwardly of
the lens 11 so as to constitute a ledge or shelf on the rearward
side of the goggle.
While particular conventional ski goggles may differ in specific
details of structure from that shown and described above, the
illustrated goggle is exemplary of a wide variety of ski goggles
currently commercially available, with respect to those structural
features pertinent to the present invention. The goggle itself
constitutes no part of the present invention, and, being
conventional, its structure and functions are well known to those
skilled in the art.
In its illustrated embodiment, adapted for use with the
above-described goggle 10, the device of the invention includes a
housing 30, e.g. molded of a suitable plastic, and shaped to fit
between the top transverse frame portion 24 of the goggle and the
wearer's forehead, i.e. when the goggle is held by the elastic
headband 19 in operative position on the wearer's face. As thus
positioned, the upper portion 30a of the housing projects above the
goggle frame portion 24 and the lower portion 30b of the housing
projects below frame portion 24, into the enclosed space 22. The
rear wall 31 of the housing, as best seen in FIG. 4, is curved to
conform generally to the wearer's forehead, while the forward wall
32 of the housing is correspondingly curved and includes portions
defining a forwardly opening C-shaped recess 34 intermediate the
upper and lower portions of the housing. This recess is positioned
and dimensioned to receive the goggle frame portion 24 when the
housing is disposed between the wearer's forehead and the
frame.
The interior of the housing 30 is hollow, and constitutes a passage
for flow of air from the exterior into the space 22 defined between
the goggle and the wearer's face. Air is introduced to this passage
from the exterior through an inlet opening 36 formed centrally in
the forward wall 32 in the upper portion of the housing, and
defined by forwardly projecting portions of wall 32 positioned to
overlie the goggle frame portion 24 and to constitute the top of
the aforementioned C-shaped recess. In the lower portion of the
housing, the forward wall 32 again projects forwardly (constituting
the bottom of the C-shaped recess) to define, with the base 38 of
the housing, a forwardly opening vent 40 for discharge of air from
the passage within the housing. The vent 40 is a horizontally
elongated slit, curved to conform generally to the curvature of the
inner surface of the lens 11 against which it directs air. The
portion of wall 32 defining the upper lip of the vent is bent
downwardly and forwardly to constitute a baffle 42, extending the
length of the vent, for directing air (discharged through the vent)
generally downwardly over the inner surface of the lens as
indicated by arrows 43 in FIG. 7.
The air passage defined within the housing 30 is shaped to
constitute a plenum 44, extending from the opening 36 in the upper
portion of the housing. This plenum, which communicates with both
the inlet opening and the vent, diverges downwardly from the
opening to the vent so as to be substantially coextensive with the
vent in the lower portion of the housing, and is somewhat
constricted laterally (as seen in FIG. 7) at the locality of the
C-shaped recess 34, intermediate the upper and lower portions of
the housing.
Mounted within the housing 30, at the inner end of the inlet
opening 36, is a multibladed fan 46 disposed for rotation about an
axis parallel to the direction of inward air flow through opening
36. The fan is driven by a small electric motor 48, mounted within
the upper portion of the housing forwardly of the fan, above the
C-shaped recess 34, and also forwardly of opening 36, which in
effect laterally surrounds the motor and its enclosing wall
portions of the housing so that the motor does not obstruct air
intake therethrough. Motor 48, when energized, drives the fan in a
direction for forcing air from the exterior through the plenum 44
and thence through the vent 40 against the inner surface of lens
11.
Power is supplied to the motor 48 from dry cells or other batteries
(not shown) enclosed within a small case 50 (FIG. 1) that bears a
loop 52 enabling attachment of the case to a belt, suspenders, or
other portion of a wearer's clothing. Suitable conventional
electrical contacts (not shown) are disposed in well-known manner
within the case for appropriate engagement with the dry cells, and
are connected to the motor 48 by a pair of flexible wires in a
common flexible insulated cord 54 extending from the case 50 to the
motor. The cord 54, which (if desired) may terminate in a separable
plug-and-jack type connection (not shown) at housing 50, is of
sufficient length to allow the wearer full freedom of movement when
the housing is positioned as shown in FIG. 1 and the case 50 is
mounted on the wearer's belt. A single-pole rocker-type switch 56
is mounted in the case 50 for opening and closing the circuit
including the dry cells and motor 48, i.e. to turn the motor on and
off. This switch is adapted to be conveniently operable by manual
pressure even through several layers of clothing.
Preferably the C-shaped recess 34 is of sufficient vertical extent
to accommodate the transverse top frame portion of any of a variety
of commercially available goggles; thus, as used with any
particular model of goggle, the recess may be somewhat larger than
the goggle top frame portion. This clearance fit between the
housing and goggle frame also permits some degree of angular
adjustment of the housing for comfort of the wearer. A body of
resiliently compressible padding material 58 may be mounted within
the C-shaped recess and along adjacent surfaces of the housing
forward wall 32 to cushionably engage the goggle frame portion 24;
the padding provides stable engagement of the housing with any of a
variety of goggle frames having top transverse portions of
differing dimensions and configurations. A soft pad 60 may also be
adhered to the rear wall 31 of the housing, for comfort of the
wearer.
The use and operation of the described device may now be readily
understood. Before donning the goggle 10, the wearer fits the top
transverse frame portion thereof into the C-shaped recess of the
housing 30, and then places the goggle on his head in the usual
manner, with the padded rear wall 31 of the housing against his
forehead. Force exerted on the goggle by the elastic headband 19
effectively clamps the housing between the goggle and the wearer's
forehead, and the engagement of the goggle frame with the recessed
front wall of the housing prevents displacement of the housing
during use, without necessitating positive attachment of the
housing to the goggle. Although (as seen in FIG. 7) the upper
portion of the goggle is tipped somewhat forward of its normal
position, this tipping does not interfere with the protective
function of the goggle, as the curved housing 30 substantially
fills the space between the goggle frame and the forehead; also,
the base of the housing is disposed above the wearer's line of
direct forward vision through the goggle.
While the wearer is in motion, e.g. skiing, the fan 46 may be
turned off. Inlet opening 36, plenum 44, and vent 40 provide a
passage for directing air from the exterior against the inner
surface of the lens 11 to prevent fogging, without admitting snow
or causing wind blast against the wearer's face; air currents
produced by the wearer's motion create adequate air flow through
this passage for effective fog prevention.
When the wearer is moving at a slow walk or is stationary, however,
the lens 11 may tend to fog. To prevent or remove such fog, the
wearer depresses the switch 56 on case 50 (which may be mounted on
his belt or suspenders), to turn on the fan 46. As the fan is
driven by motor 48, it draws air from the exterior through inlet
opening 36 and forces the air into plenum 44, wherein the velocity
head of the introduced air is partially converted to pressure head;
from the plenum 44, the air is forced through vent 40 against the
inner surface of the lens 11 and thence out of space 22 through
lateral openings inherently present around the goggle frame. This
flow of external air driven across the lens inner surface by the
fan 46 rapidly removes any fog that may have accumulated thereon
and prevents further condensation on the lens. The shape of the
vent 40 is such that the air flow covers at least a major portion
of the lens surface in front of the wearer's eyes.
As the wearer resumes motion sufficiently rapid to obviate use of
the fan, the wearer again depresses switch 56 to turn the fan off.
Battery power may thus be conserved for use as needed.
An anti-fogging device of the described type may be advantageously
light and compact. For instance, in an operative example of the
illustrated embodiment of the invention utilizing two size "D" dry
cells for the motor, the weight of the case 50 was about eight
ounces and the weight of the housing 30 (including the fan and
motor) was about one and one quarter ounces. The fan, when
operating, was audible to the wearer, but no vibration or other
sensation could be felt except for a mild flow of air across the
portion of the face enclosed by the goggle. This unit was fully
effective in preventing fogging when the fan was turned on, and
also when the fan was turned off with the wearer moving at a speed
of as little as 3 to 5 miles per hour; if fog was allowed to
accumulate on the goggle lens before the fan was started, complete
dissipation of fog was achieved within about ten seconds after
start-up of the fan.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the
features and embodiments hereinabove specifically set forth but may
be carried out in other ways without departure from its spirit.
* * * * *