U.S. patent number 3,811,141 [Application Number 05/232,829] was granted by the patent office on 1974-05-21 for boat hull and deck assembly.
Invention is credited to Helmut Stoeberl.
United States Patent |
3,811,141 |
Stoeberl |
May 21, 1974 |
BOAT HULL AND DECK ASSEMBLY
Abstract
Plastic boat hulls are connected to their decks through nested
inter-fitting tongue and groove joint configurations which are
bonded together by fusing, adhesives, or the like. The hull and
deck are hollow molded plastic units filled with plastic foam. The
units have thin fiberglass plastic type spaced parallel walls
connected around the peripheries thereof by configurations which
form the inter-fitting joint or seam so that the insert layer
between the walls is never exposed and water-tight units are
provided.
Inventors: |
Stoeberl; Helmut (8201
Eggstaett-Bachham, DT) |
Family
ID: |
5800969 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/232,829 |
Filed: |
March 8, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
114/357;
114/88 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B29C
65/58 (20130101); B29C 66/12449 (20130101); B29C
66/7212 (20130101); B29C 66/542 (20130101); B29C
65/56 (20130101); B29C 66/12423 (20130101); B29C
66/12461 (20130101); B29C 66/12463 (20130101); B29C
66/12421 (20130101); B29C 66/723 (20130101); B63B
5/24 (20130101); B29C 66/7212 (20130101); B29K
2309/08 (20130101); Y02T 70/10 (20130101); Y02T
70/143 (20130101); B29L 2009/00 (20130101); B29L
2031/3067 (20130101); B29L 2031/3044 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B29C
65/00 (20060101); B29C 65/56 (20060101); B29C
65/58 (20060101); B63B 5/00 (20060101); B63B
5/24 (20060101); B63b 005/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;9/6 ;114/88,15F ;29/453
;52/595,396 ;46/25,26 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Halvosa; George E. A.
Assistant Examiner: Kazenske; Edward
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hill, Gross, Simpson, Van Santen,
Steadman, Chiara & Simpson
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A boat construction comprising a premolded spaced dual wall
plastic hull, filled with rigid plastic foam, a pre-molded spaced,
dual wall deck filled with rigid plastic foam the edges of said
hull and deck being formed with interfitting and interlocking
tongue and grooves interlocked with each other, said foam extending
into and filling said tongue, said dual wall enveloping said groove
and being filled with said foam around said groove to provide a
reinforced wall structure around said groove.
2. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
are wedge-shaped.
3. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
are snap-fitted together.
4. The boat construction of claim 1 including an elastic sealing
band between the tongue and groove.
5. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the hull has a
centerboard slot defined by side walls, the deck overlies the side
walls and has a registering slot therethrough and the deck adjacent
the registering slot together with the side walls having
interfitting tongue and groove configurations.
6. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
configuration is a cylindrical bulge on one of the components and a
cylindrical recess in the other component.
7. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
configurations include a tongue with a hook-like edge and a groove
with a hook recess cooperating to interlock the tongue and groove
together.
8. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
are arrowhead-shaped.
9. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the tongue and groove
have complementary barbs and recesses along the sides thereof to
interlock together.
10. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the hull has a
wedge-shape tongue around the periphery thereof and the deck has a
mating wedge-shape recess receiving said tongue.
11. The boat construction of claim 1 wherein the hull has a tongue
around the periphery thereof with a series of barb-like projections
and the deck has a groove receiving said tongue and having barb
recesses receiving said projections.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the attaching of deck and hull components
of a boat through inter-fitting nested peripheral portions forming
a water-tight rigidifying and strengthening seam without adding to
the weight of the boat. Particularly the invention deals with
molded fiberglass plastic type boats with foam filled hollow hull
and deck components having interfitting peripheral edges forming
water-tight reinforcing joint connections between the hull and
deck.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Heretofore hull and deck sections of boats were joined with
fasteners, added corner and edge members and the like, all of which
added to the weight of the boat, increased its cost, and provided
constructions which were not water-tight and would break and tear
apart under deck loads. When the deck and hull components were
composed of molded plastic layers with a hard foam inter-layer, the
ends of the three layers were exposed and defeated attempts to
satisfactorily cement the components together, due among other
things to bulging of the layers under load which would break the
bond and expose the interiors of the shells to water. The addition
of longitudinal stringers and the like for reinforcing the area of
connection or seam proved unsatisfactory because of the added
expense and weight, which is a great disadvantage in racing
sailboats.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention now provides waterproof reinforcing tongue
and groove joint seams between the deck and hull components of
boats and is especially useful when these components are composed
of molded fiberglass type plastic hollow shells filled with a foam
inter-layer.
According to this invention the peripheries of hollow molded
fiberglass deck and hull units are shaped to form inter-fitting and
preferably interlocking configurations which will cooperate to
provide when bonded together a water-tight seam which reinforces
the edge or corner between the deck and hull without adding to the
weight thereof. The deck and hull components can be molded to
desired shapes and contours including configurations for
reinforcing struts, center board receiving slots, and the like.
The joint connections of this invention will accommodate
deformations of the deck and hull components which can be
appreciable in long and narrow boat bodies such as in catamarans.
The interfitting joint or seam-forming configuration may be press
fit together so that any glue or cement therebetween will be
squeezed or pre-stressed and gluing clamps are not needed. In order
to provide for the snap fitting of the peripheral edge
configurations to form the seam, the foam inter-layer of the hollow
deck and hull components may be resilient adjacent these
configurations.
It is then an object of this invention to provide hull and deck
components of boats with inter-fitting peripheral edges forming a
reinforcing joint seam uniting the hull and deck.
A further object of this invention is to provide fiberglass boats
composed of foam filled hollow hull and deck shells having
inter-fitting peripheral configurations that are snapped together
to provide a reinforcing water-tight seam.
A further object of the invention is to provide improved
lightweight molded plastic boat constructions with edge
configurations adapted to be snapped together to form rigidifying
seams.
Another object of the invention is to provide a corner seam uniting
the hull and deck of molded plastic boat components composed of
shaped inter-fitting edge configurations on the components which
when nested and bonded together provide a reinforced stiff
connection without the use of other components.
A further object of the invention is to provide hollow molded
plastic deck and hull components for boats which are filled with a
plastic foam inter-layer and having interfitting peripheral edges
easily bonded together to form water-tight reinforcing seams for
the boat.
Other and further objects of this invention will be apparent to
those skilled in this art from the following detailed description
of the annexed sheets of drawings which show a number of preferred
embodiments of the invention:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic transverse cross-sectional view
through a boat hull and deck construction of this invention showing
one form of joint or seam connection between the hull and deck
components;
FIGS. 2 through 7 are enlarged fragmentary transverse
cross-sectional views showing different embodiments of the joint or
seam connection between the hull and deck components;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are transverse cross-sectional views similar to FIGS.
1 through 7 but showing an added joint or seam connection between
the center rib of the hull and the longitudinal central area of the
deck;
FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIGS. 1 through 9 but showing a
construction according to this invention for a boat having a center
board slot;
FIGS. 11, 11a and 12 are views similar to FIGS. 1 through 10 but
showing foot tread platforms on the deck;
FIGS. 13, 14, 14a and 15 are views similar to FIGS. 1 through 12
but showing additional modifications according to this
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The reference numerals on the drawings have been used to identify
the following components and features:
1 Boat body or hull 2 Deck 3 Connection joint or seam 4,4' Outer
layer 5,5' Hard foam interlayer 6,6' Inner layer 7 Edge of the boat
body or hull 8 Groove 9 Outer edge 10 Inner edge 11 Seal or bond 12
Reinforcing insert 13 Undercut 14 Central longitudinal supporting
rib 15 Edges of the groove 16 Centerboard box slot 17 Centerboard
box wall 18,18',18" Treads 19,19' Reinforcement laminate 20 Flange
21 Shoulder
In FIG. 1 the boat body or hull 1 has a generally U-shaped
cross-section as is customary on long racing boats. The hollow
interior of the boat body 1 is covered by a deck 2 secured to the
hull by a peripheral seam or joint 3.
The body or hull 1 is a molded plastic unit of fiberglass or the
like fiber-reinforced plastic and has an outer wall 4, a hard foam
inter-layer 5 and an inner wall 6. The walls 4 and 6 may be quite
thin and the body or hull unit can be molded in half sections
composed of the inner and outer layer or shell parts with the
hardenable plastic foam interlayer 5 placed therebetween or
injected under pressure and then hardened in place.
The deck 2 is a component of the same type as the hull 1 including
a thin outer wall 4', a hard foam inter-layer 5' and a thin inner
wall 6'.
Since the hull 1 and deck 2 are of very light and relatively thin
construction, it is important that the two components be united by
a rigid, strong, water-tight connection or seam that does not
require additional fittings and which can be bonded together
without difficulty, producing an integrated unitary boat body.
As shown in FIG. 2, the connection joint or seam 3 is provided by
forming a wedge-shaped tongue or upper edge 7 on the hull 1 with a
relatively small angle of inclination. As shown, the outer layer 4
of the hull 1 is connected or merged with the inner layer 6 through
the wedge-shaped wall section 7 which may converge to a pointed
apex or terminate in a flat upper plane surface as shown. The deck
2 is provided with a bulged periphery or circumferential marginal
portion which has a wedge-shaped groove 8 in the lower face thereof
corresponding in shape to the wedge edge 7 of the boat hull and
large enough to receive this edge 7. Thus, the outer layer 4' of
the deck 2 is curved to form a circumferential outer edge 9
whereupon the outer layer 4' extends upwardly to form the outer
wedge wall, then merges at the bottom of the groove 8 into the
inner layer 6' of the deck which then extends downwardly to an
inner edge 10, thereby defining the wedge-shaped groove 8. The
inner edge 10 then extends upwardly and merges into the inner layer
6' of the deck 2. The interiors between the outer layer 4' of the
deck and the inner layer 6' of the deck are filled with hard foam
5' which, of course, is sealed completely in the deck unit.
For uniting the wedge-shaped edge 7 of the boat hull into the
groove 8 of the deck 2, it is preferably coated with a hardenable
plastic, glue or other adhesive and the two parts are then pressed
together. Due to the wedge inclination of the walls, a firm bonding
will result and any deviations from an accurate fitting shape will
be corrected by the resiliency of the adjacent parts which is
accommodated by having the foam inter-layers 5 or 5' around the
margins at least being somewhat resilient and flexible.
In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the upper horizontal part of the edge
7 on the boat hull 1 is provided with a groove in the top end
thereof in the range where the inner-layer 6 merges with the outer
layer 4 of the hull 1. Also, in FIG. 3 the edge 7 of the hull 1 and
the groove 8 of the deck have a circular, instead of a wedge-shaped
configuration, and the inner edge 10 of the groove 8 will snap over
the rounded bulge of the edge 7 as the parts are pressed together.
The snap fit may be tight enough so that glue or other adhesive
need not be used. To improve the water-tightness of the seal
between the snapped-together parts, a circumferential seal 11 in
the form of a soft rubber strip, plastic or the like may be placed
in the groove and surround the bulbous portion of the edge 7 as
shown, thereby providing a cushion between the deck and hull. As
also shown in FIG. 3, a reinforcement insert 12 composed of glass
fibers, a fibrous mat, a metal rail, or the like can be embedded in
the foam 5 just inwardly from the outer edge of the deck 5.
In the arrangement of FIG. 3a an inversion of the joint or seam is
illustrated with the groove 8 formed in the boat body edge 7 and
the circular bulge formed on the deck.
In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the upper edge 7 of the boat body has
a hook-like locking configuration 13 and the deck outer edge 9 has
a corresponding profile so that the boat body edge 7 is hooked into
the groove 8 of the deck. The undercut or hook-like projection 13
of the nested configurations may be designed so that a little
resiliency of the components will permit the parts to be snapped
together in locked relationship.
In the FIG. 5 embodiment, an arrowhead projection 7 is formed on
the hull and is received in a correspondingly-shaped recess 8 in
the deck, thereby providing two hook-like locks 13, one on the
outside and one on the inside.
In the FIG. 6 embodiment, the inter-fitting edge and recess are
provided with a series of barb-like projections 13 and recesses
along the sides thereof. The contour of the recess 8 and the
projection 7 is similar to the wedge arrangement of FIG. 1 with the
barb and barb recesses being formed in the parts.
In the FIG. 7 embodiment, an M-shaped edge 7 is provided seating in
a corresponding contour 8 with the barb and groove arrangement 13
being provided to lock the two parts together. In addition, sealing
bands can be interposed between the inter-mated parts.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the hull 1 of the boat is reinforced
with a central supporting rib 14 which is also connected with the
deck 2 for a better stiffening of both the deck and hull. As shown
in FIG. 8, the rib 14 has an edge 7 similar to that shown in FIG. 6
and provided with the barbs, while the central portion of the
bottom layer 4' of the deck has a mating groove 8 receiving the
edge. The groove 8 is bounded by edges 15. The interlocking barb
and groove or toothed arrangement provided by the edges and grooves
of the FIG. 8 embodiment can be reinforced with glue or the mere
elastic fit of the mating parts can be relied on to form the
assembly.
In the FIG. 9 embodiment the joint configuration between the center
rib 14 and the deck 2 is generally wedge-shaped.
In FIG. 10, the boat hull is illustrated as having a center board
slot 16 bounded by two walls 17. The edges 7 of these walls 17 have
wedge surfaces or undercut surfaces as desired, fitting in mating
grooves 8 in the deck 2 which has a slot that also registers with
the slot 16.
In FIG. 11 and 11a, the periphery of the deck 2 can be provided
with a tread portion 18 designed at an inclination of 45.degree.
with respect to the deck plane, and this can be provided in the
region between the mast and rudder of the deck of a sailboat. The
tread may extend over the deck surface as shown at 18' in FIG. 11,
and a further tread surface 18" may also be provided on the inner
periphery of the deck. The tread surfaces 18 and 18" strengthen the
deck peripheries and further strengthening can be obtained by a
laminate 19 embedded in the tread 18 or 19' embedded in the foam as
shown in FIG. 11a.
In the FIG. 11a embodiment, the upper edge of the hull 1 terminates
in end edges 7 of the inner layer 6 and outer layer 4, and the foam
interior 5 is exposed. The free end edges of the layers 4 and 6 are
deformed or flattened outwardly from the foam layer 5. This
flattening can be done by heating a boat hull composed of
thermoplastic material around the peripheral edges thereof, or
these outturned shapes can be made during initial production of the
hull. The groove 8 in the bottom face of the deck 2 is
correspondingly undercut to receive the outturned beads or flanges
7. During assembly the foam inner layer 5 may engage the bottom of
the recess 8 and will be sufficiently resilient to permit the
mating of the parts. Cement may be used to form a water-tight
joint.
As also shown in FIG. 11a, the inner periphery of the deck 2 may
have a downturned flange 20 to rigidify the deck.
In the FIG. 12 embodiment, the mating configuration of the edge 7
and recess 8 is sloped back from the periphery of the hull as
shown, eliminating any ledge around the periphery of the hull which
might offer resistance to water flow. The sloping contour could be
initially molded into the deck and hull components or could be
formed afterwards.
In FIGS. 13 through 15, various additional configurations are
provided to form the connection joint or seam in deck and hull
constructions composed of two fiberglass walls with an interspace
therebetween filled with foam plastic. The peripheries of the walls
lap over each other and are sealed with cement or the like. The
four layers of walls are bent to conform into mating relationship
as illustrated, and in the FIG. 15 embodiment the upper edges of
the walls 4 and 6 of the hull 1 can be exposed and seated in the
recess 8 provided in the inner wall 6' of the deck.
In the embodiments of FIGS. 13, 14 and 14a, the bonded together
configurations of the layers greatly stiffen the periphery of the
deck. In the FIG. 14 arrangement, a shoulder 21 provides an added
support for the deck.
From the above descriptions it will, therefore, be understood that
this invention provides tongue and groove joint or seam
constructions for uniting deck and hull components of fiberglass
boats and is especially useful where these components are composed
of thin outer shells encasing a lightweight filling such as plastic
foam, fiberglass or the like.
* * * * *