U.S. patent number 3,809,846 [Application Number 05/343,882] was granted by the patent office on 1974-05-07 for induction heating coil for a zone heating process.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Siemens Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Werner Baumgartner, Wolfgang Keller, Manfred Schnoeller.
United States Patent |
3,809,846 |
Baumgartner , et
al. |
May 7, 1974 |
INDUCTION HEATING COIL FOR A ZONE HEATING PROCESS
Abstract
An induction heating coil which is detachably mounted on a
holding member of an induction heating device having a chamber
receiving at least a portion of the coil, which device is adapted
for use in a process of zone melting of a rod of material,
characterized by the coil comprising a tube of insulating
glass-like material, such as glass or quartz, which is both heat
resistant and vacuum-tight, receiving a metal conductor therein.
Each end of the coil is provided with an intermediate member of a
good conducting material which member is electrically connected to
the conductor and is sealed in a vacuum-tight relationship with
both the tube of the coil and the holding member of the device.
Preferably, a cooling agent such as water is circulated through the
tube to cool the metal conductor during a heating operation. To
form the seal with the intermediate member, the tube is either
provided with a metalized end that is soldered to the intermediate
member or the intermediate member is provided with a ring of
silicon rubber which is compressed between the tube and
intermediate member by an appropriate clamping device.
Inventors: |
Baumgartner; Werner (Munich,
DT), Keller; Wolfgang (Munich, DT),
Schnoeller; Manfred (Munich, DT) |
Assignee: |
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
(Berlin and Munich, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5841618 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/343,882 |
Filed: |
March 22, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Apr 11, 1972 [DT] |
|
|
2217407 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
219/638;
219/676 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C30B
13/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
C30B
13/20 (20060101); C30B 13/00 (20060101); H05b
005/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/10.67,10.57,10.43,10.79 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
3053918 |
September 1962 |
Keller et al. |
2625644 |
January 1953 |
Parish et al. |
|
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Reynolds; Bruce A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hill, Sherman, Meroni, Gross &
Simpson
Claims
1. An induction heating coil having at least one turn, which coil
is adapted for detachably mounting on a coil holding member of an
induction heating device which has a chamber receiving at least a
portion of the coil, the device being adapted for performing a
process of zone melting of a rod of material in a protective
atmosphere, the coil comprising a metal conductor of at least one
turn and a heat resistant and vacuum-tight insulation member
surrounding the metal conductor, said insulation member being a
tube of glass-like material bent into the form of the coil and the
metal conductor being at least one wire inserted into the bent
tube, each end of said coil having a metal intermediate member
which is attached to the conductor and the insulating member, each
of said metal intermediate members having means for forming a
vacuum-tight connection with the coil and forming a vacuum-tight
connection with the holding member, and each of said intermediate
members having a passage in alignment with the tube to
2. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein the tube
of
3. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein the tube
of
4. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein the
metal
5. An induction heating coil according to claim 4, wherein the
plurality of
6. An induction heating coil according to claim 4, wherein the
plurality of
7. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein the
cooling agent is water, and wherein the means forming a
vacuum-tight connection also forms a water-tight connection with
both the holding member and the
8. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein each end
of the metal conductor is soldered to the intermediate member which
is made of a good conducting material and wherein the means forming
the vacuum-tight connection between each end of the tube of
glass-like material with the
9. An induction heating coil according to claim 8, wherein the
intermediate member has a recess for receiving an end of the tube
of glass-like material and wherein the silicon rubber seal is
disposed between the end of the tube of glass-like material and the
recess and wherein the means for forming a vacuum-tight connection
includes means for compressing the silicon rubber seal into tight
engagement between the recess and the tube
10. An induction heating coil according to claim 9, wherein the
recess of the intermediate member is provided with internal threads
and wherein the means for compressing comprises a bushing received
on the end of the tube
11. An induction heating coil according to claim 9, wherein the
external surface of the intermediate member adjacent the recess is
provided with external threads and wherein the means for
compressing comprises a sleeve nut surrounding the end of the tube
having a sleeve portion for applying pressure to the silicon seal
and an exterior sleeve which is threadably
12. An induction heating coil according to claim 1, wherein means
forming a vacuum-tight seal between the insulation member and the
intermediate member comprises the ends of the tube of glass-like
material being metalized and the metalized ends being connected to
the intermediate member by a solder connection.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an induction heating coil having
one or more turns for use in an induction heating device used in a
zone melting of rods of materials.
2. Prior Art
Non-crucible zone melting processes for semiconductor materials are
well known. For example, the process of zone melting utilizes a
molten zone produced by an induction heating device having either a
copper or silver coil and the molten zone is moved along a rod
shaped body of material being treated. In this way, impurities in
the molten material are carried to one end of the rod. Frequently,
molten zone heating processes are also used to produce
monocrystalline growth by a process in which a seed crystal is
melted into one end of the rod. The zone heating is started at the
end having the seed crystal and then progressively moved along the
rod. When employing this method, the rod shaped body is usually
arranged in a vertical orientation and has its ends clamped in
suitable holding devices. The zone melting process may be carried
out in either a vacuum chamber or a chamber of protective
atmosphere which may be an inert gas such as argon or may be a
reducing atmosphere of hydrogen.
Heating coils for zone melting use a high frequency current and
usually consist of a copper or silver tubing through which a
coolant water flow. In such a coil, the current conducting part of
the coil, such as the silver or copper tube, is not isolated from
the atmosphere within the chamber of the device in which the zone
process is carried out.
In order to obtain a dislocation free crystalline material, the
zone melting chamber is provided with a highly purified protective
atmosphere at a superatmosphereic pressure. When the induction
heating coil is formed of a material having a good electrical
conductivity and has one or more turns which are fed with a high
frequency alternating current and when argon is used as the inert
gas, electric sparking will occur between the turns or along the
coil. Such sparking reduces the crystal quality of the
semiconductor rod produced by the zone melting process and may also
destroy the high frequency leads. In addition to the above problem,
the working life of a coil is often reduced due to impurities being
deposited thereon from a vapor phase created during the heating
process. Another problem existing in the present coils is achieving
a good electrical contact and vacuum-tight connection between the
coil and a holding means positioning the coil in the induction
heating apparatus.
A coil consisting of an appropriately bent aluminum tube with its
outer surface, covered with an anodize layer has been proposed.
Such a coil has solved some of the above mentioned problems such as
the avoiding of sparking on the coil.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to providing an induction heating
coil having one or more turns and which coil is detachably mounted
on a holding member of an induction heating device which has a
chamber receiving at least a portion of the coil and which device
is adapted for performing a process of zone melting of a rod of
material in a protective atmosphere.
The coil of the present invention meets the above requirements
better than the previously used anodized aluminum coil and is more
reliable in operation. The coil of the invention comprises a metal
conductor formed in at least one turn which conductor is surrounded
by heat resistant and vacuum-tight insulation member. Each end of
the coil has an intermediate member attached thereto. Each
intermediate member has means for forming a vacuum-tight connection
with the coil and for forming a vacuum-tight connection with a
holding member. Preferably, the insulating member is a tube of
glass-like material, such as heat resistant glass or quartz, and
the electrical conductor is one or more wires of silver or copper
inserted in the tube. To form the vacuum-tight connection between
the conductor and the insulation member, the tube may be metalized
and then soldered to the intermediate member which is made of a
material of a good or high electrical conductivity. Another
embodiment of forming the vacuum-tight connection is by using a
silicon rubber seal which is compressed into tight engagement with
the tube and the intermediate member. Preferably, the wires are
soldered onto the intermediate member to form the electrical
connection. The tube whether it is glass or quartz is used as a
duct for a cooling medium, such as water, to cool the conductor,
but due to the poor heat transfer qualities of the tube. The
cooling medium does not cool the protective atmosphere and this
does not create an adverse temperature gradient in the melt or the
adjacent parts of the rod to produce unfavorable crystal quality of
the drawn rod.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view, with portions in cross section, of a coil in
accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view with portions in elevation of an
intermediate member interconnecting the end of a coil to a holding
member in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view with portions in elevation of an
embodiment of an intermediate member interconnecting an end of a
coil to a holding member in accordance with the present
invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the
holding member illustrated in FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view with portions in elevation
for purposes of illustration of another embodiment of a connection
of the end of the tube to the intermediate member.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The principles of the present invention are particularly useful
when utilized to provide a coil which has at least one turn and
which is illustrated in FIG. 1 as having two flat turns. The coil 1
has a metal conductor such as a pair of wires 3 which is surrounded
by a heat resistant and vacuum-tight insulation member, such as a
tube 2.
To form the coil 1, the tube 2 of a glass-like material, such as a
high temperature resistant glass or quartz, is bent into the
desired configuration of one or more turns. Then the metal
conductor 3 which may be a plurality of wires twisted together into
a single strand to provide a large conducting surface with a small
ohmic resistance for the high frequency current utilized in the
heating device are inserted or drawn through the tube.
When the coil 1 is used in an induction heating device, a cooling
fluid such as water 5 is passed through the tube in the direction
of the arrows 6 and 6' to cool the metal conductor such as wires 3.
Due to the poor heat conducting properties of the tube 2, the
cooling fluid will not cool the atmosphere adjacent the outer
surface of the tube and thus the cooling medium will not create any
adverse temperature gradient in the rod of material, such as a
semiconductor material, to influence either the growth or quality
of the crystal being processed.
In order to provide a good electrical contact with the conducting
elements 3 of the coil 1, each end of the coil is connected to a
holding member 8 which is a high frequency lead or contact, through
an intermediate member 7. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the
intermediate member 7 which is formed of a good conducting
material, for example silver, is provided with means for forming a
vacuum-tight connection with the holding member 8 and the end of
the tube 2 of the coil 1. The intermediate member 7 has a bore or
passage 13 with a recess 14 at one end which recess forms an
internal shoulder 22 and receives an end of the tube 2. The bore 13
is in registry with the corresponding bore or passage 23 in the
holding member 8 so that the water 5 can flow through the bores 23
and 13 into the tube 2. The ends of the single or plurality of
wires 3 which forms the conductors are soldered to the interior of
the bore 13 of the intermediate member at 9 and 10 to provide the
necessary electrical connection.
To protect the interior of the tube 2 from the atmosphere and to
form a vacuum-tight seal, the recess 14 receives an annular silicon
rubber seal 11 which surrounds the tube 2 as it abuts against
shoulder 22 and the seal 11 is compressed by means such as a plate
12 which is clamped thereon by machine screws that connect the
intermediate member 7 to the holding member 8. To prevent leakage
of water between the intermediate member 7 and the holding member
8, an annular sealing ring 15 is clamped between the two members as
they are held together by the above mentioned machine screws.
An embodiment of the intermediate member is illustrated in FIG. 3
and indentified at 7' which intermediate member comprises a tube
member 17 and a plate member 4. The plate member 4 is provided with
a recess 24 in which one end of the tube member 17 is fixed such as
by soldering. The tube member 17 and the plate member 4 are of a
good electrical conducting material such as silver, copper or
silver plated brass.
The plate member 4 has a passage or bore 25 which is in alignment
with an axial bore or passage 26 in the tubular member 17. The
intermediate member 7' is mounted on the holding member 8 which
acts as a high frequency lead with the bores 25 and 26 aligned with
the bore 23 and with the interface between the plate member 4 and
the holding member 8 provided with an annular sealing ring such as
0-ring 15.
The outer end of the bore 26 is supplied with an enlarged portion
27 such as by a counterbore to form an annular shoulder 28.
Adjacent the end, the enlarged portion 27 is provided with internal
threads 29. To provide a sealing means of the intermediate member
7', an annular ring 16 of silicon rubber is disposed in the
enlarged portion 27 and is clamped or pressed against the shoulder
28 and into engagement with the tube 2 by clamping means which is
illustrated as a bushing 18 having external threads 30 which
cooperatively engage the internal threads 29 of the portion 27.
The leads or wires 3 can be connected to the intermediate member 7'
by being soldered to the interior wall of the bore 26 if desired.
As illustrated, a cross-bore 31 extends transverse of the tubular
member 17 and intersects the bore 25. The leads or wires 3
extending into the bore 31 and are electrically connected to the
exterior portion or surface of the tubular member 17 by a solder 19
which also serves to seal the bore 31. As in the previous
embodiment, cooling water is circulated through the tubular member
such as in the direction indicated by arrow 20.
Instead of using a bushing 18 for providing the means to compress
the silicon rubber sealing ring 16, another embodiment of the
device of FIG. 3 is illustrated in FIG. 4. In this embodiment, an
intermediate member 7" has a tubular member 17 which is provided
with an axial bore 26, having an enlarged portion 27 which is free
of threads and which portion 27 forms a shoulder 28 on which an
annular ring 16 of silicon rubber is compressed to form a liquid
and vacuum-tight seal between the exterior of the tube 2 and the
intermediate member 7". Instead of using a bushing 18, a sleeve nut
21 having an inner sleeve 33 and a concentric outer sleeve 34 which
outer sleeve has inwardly extending threads is used. The tubular
member 17 is provided with external threads which are engaged by
the threads on the outer sleeves 34 to enable the sleeve nut 21 to
be threaded down into clamping engagement on the sealing ring 16.
As compared with the embodiments of FIG. 3, the embodiment of FIG.
4 ensures a better positioning of the sealing device and a more
exact adjustment is possible since no threads are present in the
enlarged portion 27 to foul the ring 16. As in the previously
described embodiment of FIG. 3, the leads or wires 3 are
electrically connected by the solder 19 to the external surface of
the tubular member 17.
Another embodiment (see FIG. 5) of forming a liquid and
vacuum-tight connection between the tube 2 of insulation material
of the coil 1 and the intermediate member 7 is by metalizing the
end of the tube such as a quartz tube. With the end of the quartz
tube having a metalized portion 37 a solder connection 38 can be
formed between the metalized portion 37 and the intermediate member
7 to form the desired vacuum-tight connection.
Although various minor modifications might be suggested by those
versed in the art, it should be understood that we wish to employ
within the scope of the patent granted hereon all such
modifications as reasonably and properly come within the scope of
our contribution to the art.
* * * * *