U.S. patent number 3,807,379 [Application Number 05/241,951] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-30 for spring type ball projecting device with programming control means.
Invention is credited to Hien Vodinh.
United States Patent |
3,807,379 |
Vodinh |
April 30, 1974 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
SPRING TYPE BALL PROJECTING DEVICE WITH PROGRAMMING CONTROL
MEANS
Abstract
An apparatus for serving game balls. The apparatus includes a
movable frame assembly and a device mounted on the frame assembly
for forcibly ejecting a game ball in a predetermined direction. The
frame assembly is rotated and tilted by first and second drive
devices to alter the position of the frame assembly and thereby the
trajectory of a game ball launched from the ball ejecting means. A
control devices is operatively coupled to the first and second
drive devices for controlling the operation thereof, the control
device also including a system for programming the operation of the
first and second drive devices in accordance with predetermined
patterns.
Inventors: |
Vodinh; Hien (Fort Wayne,
IN) |
Family
ID: |
22912862 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/241,951 |
Filed: |
April 7, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
124/26; 124/37;
124/81; 124/33; 124/49 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
69/407 (20130101); A63B 2069/402 (20130101); A63B
2047/004 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/40 (20060101); A63B 47/00 (20060101); F41b
007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;124/26,29,27,28,32,3R,37,41,49 ;273/118,26D,69 ;234/79,71,75
;46/244D ;197/133 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Browne; William R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Gust, Irish, Lundy & Welch
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for serving game balls, the combination
comprising:
a. a carriage assembly inculding a base and a first and second
frames pivotably coupled to said base for movement about vertical
and horizontal axes, respectively;
b. means fixedly secured to one of said first and second frames for
forcibly ejecting a game ball in a predetermined direction with
respect thereto;
c. first and second drive means coupled to said first and second
frames, respectively, for moving said frames about said vertical
and horizontal axes respectively;
d. control means coupled to said first and second drive means and
to said ejecting means for generating a plurality of sequentially
occurring control signals, said first and second drive means and
said ejecting means being responsive to predetermined ones of said
control signals, respectively, to alter the positions of said first
and second frames and to eject said game ball, respectively,
e. said control means including means for programming the duration
and sequence of said control signals in accordance with a selected
pattern, said control signals being a plurality of sets of
electrical "on-off"signals, there being one of said sets of signals
for controlling each of said first and second frames and said
ejection means, respectively;
f. said first and second drive means each including an electric
motor;
g. said control means including means for generating first and
second ones of said sets of signals and means for applying
individual ones of said sets of signals to said first and second
motors, respectively, said first and second motors being rendered
operative by the "on" portion of said signals and for a period of
time directly proportional to the time duration of "on" portions of
said signals; and
h. said motors being bidirectional motors, said control means
generating third and fourth ones of said sets of electrical signals
and further including means for applying said third and fourth sets
of signals individually to said first and second motors,
respectively, said first and second motors being responsive to said
first and second sets of signals to rotate in a first predetermined
direction and responsive to said third and fourth sets of signals,
respectively, to rotate in an opposite direction, said first and
third sets being in time sequence and said second and fourth sets
being in time sequence, said means for programming the duration and
sequence of said control signals further having means for
controlling the total time duration of the "on" portions of said
first and third said sets of signals so that they will be equal to
the total time duration of the "on" portions of said second and
fourth sets of signals, respectively, whereby when all of the "on"
portions of said first, second, third, and fourth sets of signals
have been applied to said first and second motors, said first and
second motors will have rotated an equal amount in opposite
directions.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said control means includes
means for generating a fifth set of electrical signals and means
for applying said fifth set of signals individually to said
ejecting means, said ejecting means including means responsive to
individual ones of said fifth set of signals to eject a game
ball.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said first, second, third, and
fourth sets of signals occur in overlapping time sequence, said
fifth set of signals occurring in time sequence with respect to
said first, second, third, and fourth sets of signals.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said control means includes a
plurality of sensing elements each individually operable between a
first and a second condition, said programming means including a
program card, there being a plurality of means on said card for
operating each of said sensing means between said first and second
conditions.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said control means further
includes means for slidably receiving said program card and means
for moving said card therethrough at a predetermined speed,
individual ones of said operating means engaging predetermined ones
of said sensing elements in a predetermined time sequence as said
card moves through said control elements.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein each said operating means
includes a part having a length dimension parallel to the direction
of movement of said card through said control means, each said
sensing elements being in said first condition when in engagement
with one of said operating means and for a period of time directly
proportional to the length of said part and the speed of movement
of said card.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said sensing elements each
comprise an electrical switch and said parts are holes in said
card, each said switch having a switch arm having a follower device
affixed to the distal end thereof, said followers being dimensioned
and disposed to pass through said holes thereby placing the
associated switch in said first condition when said follower is in
registry therewith.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said card moving means
comprises a constant speed motor and a wheel drivingly coupled
thereto, said wheel drivingly engaging said program card when said
program card is engaged with said control means.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein each of said switches have one
terminal thereof connected in common with all of the other of said
switches, said control means further including another switch
having an arm and a follower element positioned to engage the
border of said card when said card is engaged with said control
means, said common connected terminals being connected to one
terminal of said another switch, said switch being rendered closed
when said follower is in engagement with said border and open in
the absence of said card.
10. An apparatus for serving game balls, the combination
comprising:
a. a carriage assembly including a base and first and second frames
pivotably coupled to said base for movement about vertical and
horizontal axes, respectively;
b. means fixedly secured to one of said first and second frames for
forcibly ejecting a game ball in a predetermined direction with
respect thereto;
c. first and second drive means coupled to said first and second
frames, respectively, for moving said frames about said vertical
and horizontal axes, respectively;
d. control means coupled to said first and second drive means and
to said ejecting means for generating a plurality of sequentially
occurring control signals, said first and second drive means and
said ejecting means being responsive to predetermined ones of said
control signals, respectively, to alter the positions of said first
and second frames and to eject a game ball, respectively; and
e. said control means including means for programming the duration
and sequence of said control signals in accordance with a selected
pattern, said first frame including a rigid structure, said first
drive means including a bidirectional electric motor and an
elongated threaded shaft drivingly coupled thereto, and a first
threaded screw follower pivotably secured to said first frame and
operatively engaged with said threaded shaft, whereby, rotation of
said motor produces pivotable movement of said first frame about
said vertical axis, said second frame including a rigid structure
pivotably coupled to said first frame, said second drive means
including a second bidirectional electric motor fixedly secured to
said first frame, a second elongated threaded shaft drivingly
coupled thereto, a second threaded screw follower operatively
engaged with second threaded shaft and a link member pivotably
coupled between said threaded follower and said second frame,
whereby, rotation of said second motor produces pivotable movement
of said second frame about a horizontal axis.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein said first frame includes
means for guiding said second screw follower and restraining same
from rotation.
12. An apparatus for serving game balls, the combination
comprising:
a. a carriage assembly including a base and first and second frames
pivotably coupled to said base for movement about vertical and
horizontal axes, respectively;
b. means fixedly secured to one of said first and second frames for
forcibly ejecting a game ball in a predetermined direction with
respect thereto;
c. first and second drive means coupled to said first and second
frames, respectively, for moving said frames about said vertical
and horizontal axes, respectively;
d. control means coupled to said first and second drive means and
to said ejecting means for generating a plurality of sequentially
occurring control signals, said first and second drive means and
said ejecting means being responsive to predetermined ones of said
control signals, respectively, to alter the positions of said first
and second frames and to eject a game ball, respectively; and
e. said control means including means for programming the duration
and sequence of said control signals in accordance with a selected
pattern, said game ball ejecting means including an electrically
operated solenoid and a hollow opened ended cylindrical tube
dimensioned to slidably receive a game ball, there being a hammer
disposed in axial alignment with said tube and slidably movably
longitudinally with respect thereto, said tube having an open end
and said ejecting means including a spring for forcibly moving said
hammer in a direction towards said open end, and a cocking means
operatively coupled between said solenoid and said spring and
hammer for compressing said spring in response to actuating said
solenoid, and a trigger mechanism for automatically releasing said
hammer upon cocking of said spring by said solenoid.
13. The combination of claim 12 wherein said ejecting means further
includes magazine means for receiving a multiplicity of game balls
and a ball feeding means for automatically, sequentially, feeding
said game balls into said hollow tube individually in sequence.
14. The combination of claim 12 having a means for imparting a
"spin", said last mentioned means including a collar rotatably
mounted on said ball ejecting tube adjacent the open end thereof,
said collar including a tongue portion thereon which extends
outwardly from the open end of said ball ejecting tube in a
direction generally parallel to the axis thereof, a pad of friction
increasing material fixedly secured to said tongue portion and
extending radially inwardly towards said axis whereby, one side of
a game ball will frictionally engage said friction increasing pad
when ejected from said ball ejecting tube, said collar being
drivingly coupled to said unidirectional motor so that rotation of
said motor rotates said collar and said tongue portion
cicumferentially about said axis, the direction of "spin" of said
game being determined by the circumferential position of said
tongue portion when a game ball is ejected from said ball ejecting
tube.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to devices for serving game balls
such as Ping Pong balls, tennis balls, and the like and in
particular to such an apparatus which includes a programmable
control means whereby the apparatus can be programmed to launch the
game balls along different trajectories in accordance with a
predetermined pattern.
2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Popular games such as Ping Pong, tennis, and the like require a
minimum of two players. A player wishing to play or to practice to
improve his game must first find a partner with whom to play. The
pleasure of the game or the value of the practice will frequently
depend, in large part, upon the skill of the second player and, in
any event, it is not possible to control the quality, direction,
and similar characteristics of an opponent's serves and ball
returns therefore making it difficult for a player to practice to
improve a particular facet of this game.
For these reasons, various forms of practice machines for serving
or launching the game balls have been proposed. In one such type
apparatus the ball launching mechanism remains in a fixed position
and can only be moved by a manual adjustment. For this type of
apparatus successive balls that are served follow identical
trajectories. Another type of prior art ball launching mechanism is
adapted to launch successive balls along different trajectories in
a totally random fashion. This type of apparatus adds variety to
the practice but does not enable programming of the apparatus to
simulate a particular type of serve or return and does not provide
a means for altering the difficulty of the shots to adapt the
machine for use by players having different levels of skill.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes the aforementioned difficulties and
comprises broadly an articulated carriage assembly which includes a
base and a first and a second frame pivotably coupled to the base
for movement about vertical and horizontal axes, respectively.
There are means fixedly secured to one of the first and second
frames for forcibly ejecting the balls therefrom in a predetermined
direction with respect thereto. First and second drive means are
coupled to the first and second frames, respectively, for moving
same about the aforementioned axes. A control means is provided
which is coupled to the first and second drive means and to the
ball ejecting means for generating a plurality of intermittently
occurring control signals, the first and second drive means and the
ejecting means being responsive to predetermined ones of the
control signals to alter the position of the first and second
frames to eject the game balls. Means are operatively coupled to
the control means for programming the operation and sequence of the
control signals in accordance with a selected pattern whereby the
trajectory of the game balls can be altered as desired.
In a modification of the apparatus of the present invention means
are also provided for imparting "spin" or "english" to the game
ball. The "spin" imparting apparatus is also programmable whereby
different types of "spin" such as "overspin", "backspin", and the
like can be imparted to the ball to thereby more completely
simulate an actual serve or ball return.
In one specific embodiment, the entire apparatus utilizes
electromechanical components whereby it is relatively easy to
service and is reliable in operation. Similarly, the apparatus is
of rugged construction and requires no special skills to use.
The game ball serving apparatus can further be used singularly or
in groups of two or more units. In the latter case, the units may
be positioned at different locations on the playing court or game
table and all of the units may be controlled by a single
programming means or by individual programming means which are
synchronized. When multiple units are used, it is possible to
simulate virtually any serve or ball return whereby a particular
game or combination of serves and returns can be simulated.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a
programmable game ball serving apparatus.
It is another object of the invention to provide such an apparatus
which can be selectively programmed to launch a plurality of game
balls along different trajectories in accordance with a
predetermined pattern.
It is still another object of the invention to provide such an
apparatus which incorporates a power driven articulated frame
assembly to position a ball ejecting means to launch a plurality of
game balls along different trajectories in accordance with a
predetermined pattern.
It is still another object of the invention to provide such an
apparatus which includes a control means and a plurality of
interchangeable programming means which enable programming of the
apparatus to simulate the actual game of tennis, Ping Pong, or the
like.
It is another object of the invention to provide such an apparatus
which can be programmed to impart "spin" to the game ball.
It is still another object of the invention to provide such an
apparatus which utilizes simple and rugged electromechanical
components.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide such an
apparatus which is reliable in operation and simple to use.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above-mentioned and other features and objects of this
invention and the manner of attaining them will become more
apparent and the invention will be best understood by reference to
the following description of an embodiment of the invention taken
in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view as viewed from the top
thereof showing the internal mechanism of the ball ejecting means
for use with the invention and shown in an uncocked position;
FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the ball ejecting means
with the components thereof shown in the positions which they
assume immediately after ejecting a ball;
FIG. 3 is a top-plan view of a portion of the control means;
FIG. 3a is an end-plan view of the control means shown in FIG.
3;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the control means taken along section
line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a top-plan view of a program card for use with the
control means shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the ball serving apparatus of the
present invention;
FIG. 7 is an electrical schematic diagram showing details of the
electrical connections of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary side-plan view showing details of the
second drive means with one side member thereof removed;
FIGS. 8a, 8b, and 8c are fragmentary side, top, and end views of a
modified embodiment of the ball ejecting means shown in FIGS. 1 and
2;
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary top-plan view showing details of the first
drive means; and
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary end-plan view of the first drive means
illustrated in FIG. 9.
DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT
Referring first to FIGS. 6, 8, 9, and 10, a game ball serving
device, indicated generally at 8, comprising a mounting platform 10
made of any suitably rigid material to which is fixedly secured a
first base plate 12 having opposite ends 14 and 16. Fixedly secured
to ends 14 and 16 of plate 12 are pillow block bearings 18 and 20,
respectively, which rotatably support the opposite ends of an
elongated, first threaded shaft 22.
A reversible, bidirectional electric motor 24 is fixedly mounted to
platform 10 by means of a suitable angle bracket 26 and threaded
fasteners 28 and has an output shaft 30 disposed in axial alignment
with threaded shaft 22. Output shaft 30 is drivingly coupled to
thraded shaft 22 by means of a coupling 32 whereby rotation of
output shaft 30 will produce corresponding rotation of threaded
shaft 22.
A first frame assembly 36 includes a slide plate 38, oppositely
disposed end walls 40, 42, a pair of parallel spaced apart side
walls 44, 46, a motor supporting platform 50 fixedly secured to end
wall 42 and extending perpendicularly outwardly therefrom, and an
upstanding pivot support member 52. A second elongated, threaded
shaft 54 extends between end walls 40, 42 and is rotatably
journaled therein. A second bidirectional, reversible electric
motor 56 is fixedly mounted to motor support member 50 by means of
an angle bracket 58 and has an output shaft 60 axially aligned with
second threaded shaft 54 and drivingly coupled thereto with a
suitable coupling 62.
Frame 36 is pivotably mounted to a second base plate 66, the latter
being pivotably mounted to platform 10 by means of a pivot pin 68
and bushing 69 whereby it can rotate about a vertical axis
extending axially through pin 68.
The laterally disposed edges 70, 72 of slide plate 38 are provided
with longitudinally extending grooves 74, 76, respectively, of
arcuate cross-section. A channel shaped slide member 78 slidably
engages slide plate 38 as shown. The side walls 80, 82 of slide
member 78 are provided with generally hemispherical recesses (not
shown) in which are rotatably received a plurality of spherical
balls as at 86. It will now be apparent that slide member 78 is
freely slidably movable with respect to slide plate 38 in a
direction parallel to the longitudinal dimensions thereof but will
drive frame 36 in a direction laterally of the longitudinal
dimension thereof. Pivotably secured to the bottom surface of slide
member 78 is a first drive element 90 having therethrough a
threaded bore 92 which operatively engages the first threaded shaft
22. It will now be apparent that rotation of first electric motor
24 rotates first threaded shaft 22. This rotational movement is
converted to linear movement by means of drive element 90 which in
turn imparts pivotal movement of first frame 36 about pivot pin
68.
A second rigid frame 100 includes a bottom plate 102, side plates
104, 106, end or slide block 138, and a cover plate 110. The end of
bottom plate 102 distal slide block 138 is pivotably coupled to the
upper end of pivot support member 52 via a sleeve 112 fixedly
secured to bottom plate 102 and a hinge pin 114.
A second drive element 116 is slidably engaged between first frame
side walls 44, 46 and is provided with a threaded bore 118 which is
threadably engaged by second threaded shaft 54. A rigid connecting
link 120 is pivotably connected between the upper end of second
drive element 116 and the end of second frame bottom plate 102
adjacent end 108. It will now be apparent that rotation of second
threaded shaft 54 will produce corresponding linear movement of
second drive element 116 as indicated by arrows 122 and that this
movement will be transmitted via link 120 to second frame 100 to
produce pivotable movement thereof about a horizontal axis 124.
This in turn will change the angular position of the second frame
100 with respect to the horizontal frame assembly 36 and platform
10.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, a ball ejecting mechanism 130 is
mounted within second frame 100. Ball ejecting mechanism 130
includes a ball ejecting tube 132 which has a bore 134 dimensioned
to slidably receive a game ball such as a Ping Pong ball or a
tennis ball. One end of tube 132 is open as shown and the opposite
end is closed by the frictionally engaged circular boss 136 of
slide block 138. Slide block 138 is in turn fixedly secured to
frame side plates 104 and 106 and has extending therethrough a
stepped diameter bore 140 having a small diameter portion 142 and
large diameter portion 144. Also fixedly mounted to side plate 104
is an electric solenoid 146 which includes a solenoid coil 148 and
sliding armature 150.
A cylindrical cocking element 152 has a hollow cylindrical bore 154
with an annular shoulder 156 partially closing one end thereof.
Bore 154 is closed at its opposite end with a suitable plug 158 and
cocking element 152 is fixedly secured to armature 150 by means of
a threaded fastener 160 and slidably received in bore 140 as shown.
A compression spring 162 is disposed about cocking element 152 and
compressively engaged between armature 150 and slide member
138.
Received within cylindrical bore 154 is a second compression spring
164. A stepped diameter ball ejecting hammer 166 has its small
diameter end 168 slidably received in portion 142 of bore 140 and
its larger diameter portion 170 slidably received through the
annular opening 172 of cocking element 152. Hammer 166 is further
provided with an enlarged head 174 which abuttingly engages spring
164.
Larger diameter portion 170 and smaller diameter portion 168 of
hammer element 166 define therebetween a shoulder 178. Formed in
slide member 138 is a recess 180 which communicates with stepped
bore 140. Pivotably mounted within recess 180 is a latch member
182. In the walls of recess 180 adjacent the distal end of latch
element 182 are a pair of arcuate recesses as at 184. A third
compression spring 186 having a diameter greater than the width of
recess 180, (i.e., in a direction normal to the plane of the
drawing) is slidably received in recesses 184 such that it
resiliently urges latch member 182 upwardly (as viewed in the
drawings). It will now be apparent that when latch member 182 is in
its upwardly disposed position as shown in FIG. 1, it engages
shoulder 178 of the hammer 166 thereby restraining it from movement
from left to right as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2.
In operation, the solenoid coil 148 is energized causing solenoid
armature 150 to move from left to right (as viewed in FIGS. 1 and
2). This movement of armature 150 compresses spring 162 and
simultaneously moves cocking element 152 to the right from its
position as shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 2. During
this movement, hammer member 166 is restrained from movement to the
right by latch member 182 whereby second compression spring 164 is
compressed between enlarged head 174 of hammer 166 and plug 158.
When cocking element 152 approaches its rightmost position, the end
thereof adjacent shoulder 156 engages sloped cam portion 188 of
latch member 182. As cocking element 152 continues to move
rightwardly, it will force latch element 182 downwardly, whereby
hammer element 166 is released, and is forcibly driven to the right
(as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2) by second compression spring 164.
When solenoid coil is de-energized, solenoid armature 150 and
cocking element 152 secured thereto are returned to their leftmost
position by first compression spring 162.
The end of hammer element 166 distal enlarged head portion 174 is
preferably fitted with a resilient tip 192 to prevent damage to the
game ball 190. It will now be apparent that when hammer element 166
is released and, assuming that a game ball 190 is positioned within
ball ejecting tube 132, the ball will be forcibly ejected out of
ejecting tube 132 in a direction generally parallel to the axis 193
thereof.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 through 4, there is illustrated a control
means 200 for controlling the operation of first and second motors
24 and 56 and the ball ejecting means 130. The control means
comprises a smooth, flat, elongated plate 202, having adjacent the
midpoint thereof a laterally extending row of apertures 204, 206,
208, 210, and 212 and an additional aperture 214 laterally and
longitudinally offset from apertures 204 through 212 as shown.
Plate 202 is mounted to a suitable box 216 with the surface 218
thereof facing outwardly of the box 216 and the box 216 in turn is
mounted to platform 10 by means of a suitable support member 220. A
suitably U-shaped cover 222 is mounted to box 216 with the central
side 224 thereof extending in parallel, spaced apart relationship
with respect to surface 218 of plate 202, side 224 and plate 202
defining therebetween a thin slot 226.
A suitable motor 230 is mounted adjacent plate 202 with a suitable
bracket (not shown) and has an output shaft 232 extending laterally
parallel to surface 218. Secured to the distal end of shaft 232 is
a wheel 234 made of a resilient material. It will be observed that
wheel 234 physically contacts plate 202 but, by reason of its
resiliency, will permit the insertinon of a thin card between the
wheel 234 and plate 202 as will be explained below.
Secured to the undersurface 238 of plate 202 are a plurality of
electrical toggle switches 240a, 240b, 240d, 240e, and 240f. Each
of toggle switches 240a through 240f has an actuating arm 242
having a distal end portion 244 which extends upwardly through a
respective one of the apertures 204 through 214. Distal ends 244
may further be provided with a small roller 246. Switches 240a
through 240e have normally closed contacts 250, 252, 254, 256, and
258, respectively, which contacts are operated to an open condition
when actuating arms 242 are moved downwardly (as viewed in FIG. 4).
Switch 240f operates similarly but has normally open contacts
260.
Referring now specifically to FIG. 5 there is illustrated a
programming means 262 for programming the operation of the control
means 200. Programming means 262 comprises a card 264 which may be
made of stiff cardboard, thin sheet metal, plastic or the like.
Card 264 is dimensioned to be slidably received in the slot 226.
Formed through card 264 are a plurality of holes as at 266. It will
be observed that holes 266 are arranged in five rows which for
reference purposes are referred to as rows 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The
lateral spacing of rows of holes 1 through 5 is such that the holes
266 will be in registry with openings 204 through 212,
respectively, when card 264 is positioned within slot 226. Further,
the dimensions of the holes 266 are such that when a hole 266 is in
registry with an opening 204 through 212, a respective one of
armature ends 244 will pass upwardly therethrough.
Refering now to FIG. 7 there is shown an electrical schematic
showing the electrical connections of the first and second motors
24 and 56, solenoid 148, and card drive motor 230. Each of motors
24 and 56 includes a pair of reversing windings 24a, 24b, and 56a,
56b, respectively. In operation, motors 24 and 56 will rotate in
either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction depending upon
whether winding 24a, 24b, or 56a, or 56b, is energized.
Switch 260 is connected electrically in series via one line 270 to
a source of electrical energy (not shown). Contacts 250 through 258
each have one terminal thereof connected in common and electrically
in series with switch 260. Switches 250 through 258 are connected
electrically in series with motor windings 56b, 56a, and 24b, and
24a, and solenoid 148, respectively. Switch 260 is normally open,
i.e., is open when actuating arm 242 of switch 240F is in its
upwardly disposed position and switch contacts 250 through 258 are
normally closed when their actuating arms 242 are in their upwardly
disposed positions. A two-position "on-off" switch 272 is connected
electrically in series between power supply line 270 and card drive
motor 230.
The operation of the programming and control means will now be
explained. "On-off" switch 272 is first closed thereby energizing
card drive motor 230 whereby wheel 234 rotates. It should be
observed that wheel 234 rotates in a clockwise direction as viewed
in FIG. 4. Card 264 is now inserted into a slot 226 until the
leading edge 282 thereof engages wheel 234. From this time,
movement of the card 264 through slot 226 continues without
assistance.
Next, the leading edge 282 of card 264 engages switches 240a
through 240e moving the actuating arms 242 thereof downwardly.
Correspondingly, each of switch contacts 250 through 258 are
opened. As card 264 progresses through slot 226, leading edge 282
will next engage switch 240F 260 moving the actuating arm 242
thereof downwardly rendering switch 260 contacts closed. When
contacts 260 are closed, electrical energy is applied to the
commonly connected contacts of switches 240a through 240e. As card
264 continues to progress leftwardly as indicated by arrow 55,
different ones of the openings 266 therein will move into registry
with predetermined ones of the openings 204 through 212 and
corresponding ones of the actuating arms 242 of switches 240a
through 240e. Each set of the switch contacts 250 through 258 will
remain closed for a period directly proportional to the length of
the opening 266 passing thereover.
For example, openings 266a and 266b will move into registry with
switches 240a and 240c and switch contacts 250 and 254 will remain
closed for a period of time directly proportional to the length of
the slots 266a, 266b, respectively. In this example, opening 266a
is shorter than opening 266b whereby switch contacts 250 will
remain closed for a period of time shorter than the closure time of
switch 266b.
When switch contacts 250 are closed, electrical energy will be
applied to motor winding 56b causing it to rotate in a
predetermined direction. For purposes of explanation this direction
wil be assumed to be counterclockwise. Simultaneously, electrical
energy will be applied to winding 24b of motor 24 causing motor 24
to rotate in a predetermined direction. For purposes of explanation
this direction will again be assumed to be counterclockwise (as
viewed from the output shaft). Rotation of motor 56 will
correspondingly produce rotation of second shaft 54 and, assuming
righthanded threads thereon, will cause movement of slide member
116 towards frame end member 42. This movement will result in
upwardly tilting movement of second frame 102 and, correspondingly,
will cause upwardly tilting movement of the axis 193 of ball
ejecting tube 132. Simultaneously, counterclockwise rotation of
motor 24 will produce movement of first frame 36 rightwardly as
indicated by arrow 282. This movement will pivot first frame 36
rightwardly and, by reason of the interconnection of frames 36 and
100, will result in angualr movement of the axes of ball ejecting
tube 132 to the right (as viewed in FIG. 6).
As card 264 continues to move in the direction of arrow 55, switch
actuating arms 242 of switches 250 and 254, respectively, will
engage the back edges of openings 266a, 266b, which in turn opens
switch contacts 250, 254 to de-energize motors 24 and 56.
Next, opening 266c will move into registry with contacts 240e, 258
thereby permitting the actuating arm 242 thereof to move upwardly
resulting in closure of switch contacts 258. This applies
electrical energy to solenoid 148 which in turn will cause game
ball 190 to be ejected from ejecting tube 132.
In the next sequence of operations, openings 266d and 266e will
move into registry with switches 240b, 240d, respectively. This
will result in closure contacts 252, 256 thereby energizing motor
windings 56a and 24a, respectively, producing clockwise rotation of
motors 56 and 24, respectively. Correspondingly, second and first
frames 100, 36, will move downwardly and leftwardly (as viewed in
FIG. 6), respectively, thereby causing downward and leftward
tilting of the ball ejecting tube 132. Next, switch actuating arms
242 of switches 240b, 240d, will engage the terminal edges of
openings 266d and 266e de-energizing motors 24 and 56 and slot 266f
moves into registry with switch actuating arm 242 of switch 240e.
When this occurs, a second game ball 190 will be ejected from ball
ejecting tube 132. This sequence of operations continues until all
of the openings 266 have passed over switch actuating arms 242 of
switches 240a through 240e.
The card 264 continues to move in the direction of arrow 55.
Subsequently, a notch 286 in the trailing edge thereof moves into
registry with opening 214 thereby permitting switch actuating arm
242 of switch 240f to move upwardly thereby moving switch contacts
260 into an open condition. This removes electrical energy from all
the switch contacts 250 through 258. It will be observed that this
occurs before the terminal edge 288 of card 264 moves into registry
with switch actuating arms 242 of switche 250 through 258. This
prevents inadvertent operation of motors 24 and 56 and solenoid
148.
The closing and opening of the switch contacts 250 through 258 are
seen to apply a sequence of "on-off" electrical signals to each of
the motors 24, 56 and solenoid 148 and the signals applied to each
of motors 24, 56 and solenoid 148 comprise a set of "on-off"
signals.
It will be observed that, because the amount of pivotal or tilting
movement of first and second frames 36 and 100 is directly
proportional to the length of the individual ones of the slots 266,
the total pivotal movement of frame 36 will be directly
proportional to the sum of the lengths of the slots in rows 3 and 4
and the total tilting movement of frame 100 will be directly
Proportional to the sum of the lengths of the slots in rows 1 and
2. Correspondingly, because the slots in rows 3 and 4 effect
movement of frames 36 in opposite directions, respectively, the
position of frame 36 at the completion of a complete program cycle
(i.e., the passing of a program card 264 therethrough) will be the
starting position of the frame 36 plus a change which is directly
proportional to the difference of the sum of the length of all the
slots in row 3 and the sum of the lengths of all the slots in row
4. This same relationship applies to the beginning and ending
positions of the second frame 100 and the slots in rows 1 and 2.
For example, if the sum total length of the slots in row 1 is
greater than the sum total length of the slots in row 2, second
frame 100 will be subjected to more upwardly tilting movement and,
at the end of the program cycle, will be tilted at a greater angle
with respect to horizontal plane than at the beginning of the
program cycle.
Since it is frequently, though not always, desirable that the ball
serving device 8 eject the game balls in accordance with a
specific, predetermined pattern with each ball following a
pre-established trajectory, it is preferable, that the sum of the
lengths of the slots in rows 1 and 2, and the sums of the lengths
of the slots in rows 3 and 4 of the program card 264, respectively,
be equal. When the sums of the lengths of the slots 266 are thus
proportioned it will be apparent that the position of the first and
second frames 36 and 100 at the beginning and the end of a program
cycle wil be the same. Correspondingly, the relative positions of
the first and second frames 36 and 100 will be repeatable for a
given program card 264 inserted into the apparatus 8.
It will also be apparent that some difference between the planned
or theoretical length of a particular slot 266 and the actual
length of the slot will occur both as a result of manufacturing
tolerances and wear and tear on the card itself. For this reason it
is also desirable to provide a means for manually adjusting the
position of the first and second frames 36 and 100 to a
predetermined starting point. For this purpose, the ends 280, 281
of first and seecond shafts 22, 54, respectively, may be provided
with a suitable socket recess such as a screwdriver slot or
hexagonal socket 284, 286, respectively. By reason of the sockets
284, 286 a tool may be operatively engaged with the ends of the
first and second threaded shafts 22, 54 and the shafts manually
rotated to adjust the position of the first and second frames 36
and 100.
In a preferred embodiment, the ball serving apparatus is further
provided with a game ball magazine 290 (FIG. 6 only). Ball magazine
290 comprises a dish-like tray 291 having a concave bottom 292 and
peripheral wall 293. Formed in the lowermost portion of concave
bottom 292 is an opening (not shown) having a diameter slightly
larger than the diameter of a game ball 190. A hollow tube 294
communicates between this opening and a corresponding opening (not
shown) in ball ejecting tube 132. The ball receiving tray is
further supported on frame 100 by means of "T" shaped supporting
leg 296. Preferably, leg 296 is made of thin sheet metal, is
fixedly secured at its forward end 297 to frame 100 and resiliently
coupled to frame 100 at its rearward end 298 by means of springs or
resilient pads 299 whereby, when a game ball 190 is ejected, the
mechanical vibration occurring in the ejecting means 130 will cause
tray 291 to vibrate. This vibration agitates the game balls 190
causing them to feed properly into tube 294. In operation, it will
be observed that as each game ball 190 is ejected the ball ejecting
tube 132, a successive game ball 190 will be permitted to drop into
the ball ejecting tube 132 to be ejected during the next sequence
of operation of the control means 200. It will be apprent that tray
291 must be mounted such that it will be tilted downwardly at its
forward end when frame 100 is in its maximum upwardly tilted
position.
Referring now to FIGS. 8a through 8c, there is illustrated a
mechanism 300 for imparting "spin" to the game balls 190 as they
are ejected from the ball ejecting tube 132. Ball ejecting tube 132
is provided with an annular shoulder 302 and an annular recess 304
adjacent its end 134. A cylindrical collar 306 is rotatably
received about ball ejecting tube 132 as shown and includes an
annular flange 308 adjacent one end thereof. An annular gear 310 is
fitted to the outside surface of collar 306 in abutting engagement
with flange 308 and secured with suitable threaded fasteners or the
like (not shown). A plurality of holes as at 312 extends radially
through the wall or collar 306 in registry with annular recess 304
and an equal plurality of retaining clips 314 is secured to the
outside surface of collar 306. Clips 314 each include a resiliently
bendable spring portion 314 which is secured to the outer surface
of collar 306 by means of a suitable threaded fastener as at 318
and a pin portion 320 which is slidably received in a respective
one of radial holes 312 and slidably engaged in annular recess 304.
It will be observed that retaining clips 316 maintain collar 306 in
position on ball ejecting tube 132 and permit rotational movement
thereof.
A collar drive shaft 322 is rotatably mounted to ball ejecting tube
132 with its axis extending parallel thereto by means of a suitable
bearing 324 and standoff element 326. Fixedly secured to the distal
end 328 of shaft 322 is a circular gear 330 which is drivingly
engaged with annular gear 310. Drivingly coupled to the end of
shaft 322 distal end 328 is a unidirectional "spin" control motor
346 (FIG. 7 only). Motor 346 may be mounted on second frame 100. It
will now be apparent that operation of motor 346 will rotate shaft
322 and thereby rotate collar 306.
Integrally formed on the distal end of collar 306 is a tongue
portion 322 which extends generally parallel to the inside surface
333 of ball ejecting tube 132. Fixedly secured to tongue portion
332 and extending radially inwardly thereof is a pad of friction
increasing material 334 which may be made of a material such as
sponge rubber, fabric, or the like. It will now be apparent that
when a game ball 190 is ejected from ball ejecting tube 132, one
side thereof wil engage the friction pad 334. This engagement will
impart a "spin" to the game ball 190 about an axis that extends
perpendidular to the axis 193 of ball ejecting tube 132 and
generally parallel to the surface of the friction pad 334. It will
now be apparent that as collar 306 is rotated, the direction of
"spin" of the game ball 190 will be altered.
Shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, control means 200 may be provided with a
seventh aperture 340 disposed in lateral alignment with apertures
204 through 212. A "spin" control switch 342 is secured to the
undersurface of plate 202, switch 342 being identical in all
respects to switches 250 through 260 and including an actuating arm
242, end 244, and a roller 246.
To effect operation of switch 342, program means shown in FIG. 5 is
provided with an additional row of slots identified as row 6 which
are so positioned as to pass over aperture 340. It will now be
apparent that as program card 264 passes through th control means
200, the slots of row 6 will effect intermittent operation of
switch 342.
Referring now to FIG. 7, switch 342 includes a pair of switch
contacts 344. One of contacts 344 is connected in common with the
commonly connected contact for switches 250 through 258. The "spin"
control motor 346 is connected electrically in series between the
other of contacts 344 an the commonly connected windings of motors
24 and 56. As above described, when each of the slots of row 6
passes over opening 340, switch contacts 344 will be rendered
closed. Closure of contacts 344 will energize "spin" control motor
346 causing it to rotate. "Spin" control motor 346 will operate for
a period directly proportional to the length of the slots of row 6
and, therefore, the position of the "spin" control means 300 can be
controlled or programmed to impart any desired direction of "spin"
to the game ball 190.
While the ball ejecting means 130 has been specifically described
as an electric solenoid actuated mechanism, it will be apparent to
those skilled in the art that the ball ejecting means 130 may be
pneumatically operated with the game ball 190 being propelled by
means of compressed air or th like. Further, while the first and
second drive means have been described as using elongated threaded
shafts and threaded drive elements, it will be apparent that other
mechanically equivalent mechanisms can be used without departing
from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will further be apparent that, while only a single game ball
serving apparatus has been described, the apparatus can be used in
groups of two or more units. Each of the unit can be positioned in
a different location on the playing court in the case of tennis, or
in different locations on the game table in the case of Ping Pong.
In this event, the game balls 190 can be launched not only along
different angular trajectories and with different "spins", but can
also be launched from different locations on the playing court to
more perfectly simulate a competitive game.
The construction of the game ball serving apparatus is rugged and,
in the described embodiment, utilizes all electromechanical
components whereby the apparatus can be more easily serviced.
While there have been described above the principles of this
invention in connection with specific apparatus, it is to be
clearly understood that this description is made only by way of
example and not as a limitation to the scope of the invention.
* * * * *