U.S. patent number 3,801,222 [Application Number 05/229,872] was granted by the patent office on 1974-04-02 for platform for compressor or fan blade.
This patent grant is currently assigned to United Aircraft Corporation. Invention is credited to John A. Violette.
United States Patent |
3,801,222 |
Violette |
April 2, 1974 |
PLATFORM FOR COMPRESSOR OR FAN BLADE
Abstract
The platform of a compressor or fan blade is fabricated into two
complementary separate halves adapted to surround the root of each
blade to define together with a plurality thereof a smooth
aerodynamic surface and each half having depending arms at the ends
adapted to fit into the dovetail of the blade disc transmitting the
centrifugal load of the platform independent of the blade
loads.
Inventors: |
Violette; John A. (Granby,
CT) |
Assignee: |
United Aircraft Corporation
(East Hartford, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
22863003 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/229,872 |
Filed: |
February 28, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
416/220R;
416/193A; 416/248 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01D
5/3007 (20130101); F04D 29/322 (20130101); F01D
11/008 (20130101); Y02T 50/672 (20130101); Y02T
50/673 (20130101); Y02T 50/60 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F04D
29/32 (20060101); F04D 29/34 (20060101); F01d
005/32 () |
Field of
Search: |
;416/219-221,248,215,214,193 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Powell, Jr.; Everette A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Friedland; Norman
Claims
I claim:
1. A compressor blade platform adapted to define a smooth
aerodynamic surface when assembled in a compressor disc, said
platform comprising for each blade supported by said compressor
disc a pair of complementary elements each having a top platform
surface which surfaces are contoured on one edge to closely
accommodate the blade extending adjacent thereto, each blade having
a root section having end faces extending into a slot formed in the
compressor disc, each platform having depending members extending
from the ends thereof into said slot adjacent to and in overlapping
relation with said end faces of said root section, each of said
depending members having means formed thereon for transmitting the
load imposed by the rotation of said platform onto said disc
independently of the compressor blade.
2. A compressor blade platform as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
means includes a lip portion having a reaction surface bearing
against a complementary surface adjacent said end faces of said
root section formed in said compressor disc adjacent the slot
formed therein and the root section transmits the load of the blade
and said means transmits the load of the platform.
3. A compressor blade platform as claimed in claim 1 wherein said
platform includes a side edge outwardly of said contoured edge
adapted to engage the next adjacent platform supported in said
compressor disc.
4. A compressor blade platform adapted to define a smooth
aerodynamic surface when assembled in a compressor disc, said
platform comprising a pair of complementary elements for each blade
supported by said disc each having a top substantially flat
platform surface which surfaces are contoured on an inner edge to
closely accommodate the blade extending adjacent thereto, each
platform having depending arms extending from the end thereof into
a slot formed in the compressor disc, each of said arms having
means formed thereon for transmitting the load imposed by the
rotation of said platform onto said disc independently of the
compressor blade, said blade having a retention portion having
opposing side end faces formed at its root being supported in said
slot formed in said compressor disc and said arms being disposed in
overlying relation with said end faces.
5. A compressor blade platform as claimed in claim 4 wherein said
depending arms are adjacent to and substantially coextensive with
said end faces.
6. A compressor blade platform as claimed in claim 4 including lip
portions having force reaction surfaces formed on the lower end of
said depending arm, a complementary reaction surface formed on said
disc in said slot for receiving the load transmitted by said arms
when said platform is rotating.
7. In combination, a compressor blade, a compressor blade platform
adapted to define a smooth aerodynamic surface when assembled in a
compressor disc, said compressor blade having a retention formed at
its root and supported in a slot formed in the compressor disc,
said platform comprising a pair of complementary elements for each
blade each having a top substantially flat platform surface which
surfaces are contoured on an inner edge to closely surround the
blade supported in said compressor disc and extending adjacent
thereto, each platform having spaced depending arms substantially
dimensioned the length of said retention and extending from the end
of said platform into said slot formed in the compressor disc, each
of said arms having means formed thereon for transmitting the load
imposed by the rotation of said platform onto said disc
independently of the compressor blade and each of said arms
overlying the side faces of said root of the blade.
8. The combination as claimed in claim 7 wherein each of said
depending arms carries rearwardly relative to said blade facing lip
portion, a force reaction surface formed on the upper edge of said
lip, a complementary reaction face formed in said disc engaging
said reaction surface formed on said lip preventing said platform
from moving radially outward with respect to the rotating center
line when said platform rotates.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to the platform of a compressor and more
particularly to an improved platform that serves the
multi-functions of providing an aerodynamically smooth surface,
seal and centrifugal load transmitting means.
As is well known in the art the compressor of a jet engine
typically includes a platform formed adjacent the disc and in
proximity to the blade root. The platform normally serves to define
an aerodynamic smooth surface and seals the working medium at this
junction point. Also, typically, the platform is formed integrally
with the blade and is not a load carrying member. In the integral
platform-blade configuration care must be taken in the
manufacturing thereof so that sufficient strength at the point
where the platform radiates from the blade is provided since this
is a high stress point, where breakage from fatigue is likely.
Thus, in certain applications this area of the blade and platform
must be "beefed up." Additionally the sealing around the platform
is generally accomplished by a seal extension machined integral
with the disc which has proven to be a difficult and expensive
operation.
I have found that not only can I obviate the stress problem of
heretofore known compressor blades but in the case of a core-shell
composite blade I can achieve greater dimensional latitude in the
tab ending area. This is by virtue of my invention which
contemplates fabricating the platform in a pair of mating halves to
surround the blade at its tab ending. Additionally by providing
properly shaped depending arms on the platform that fit into the
dovetail slot of the disc, the platform can also serve the
additional function of transmitting the centrifugal loads produced
thereby to the disc and relieve this load which in some
applications amounts to over one ton force from the platform.
Furthermore, in accordance with my invention the complex and costly
machine operation of forming the sealing structure on the disc is
entirely eliminated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The primary object of this invention is to provide a platform for a
compressor that is fabricated in separate halves that surround the
compressor blade at its tab ending and carries depending arms
adapted to fit into the dovetail slot of the disc in such a manner
as to transmit thereto the certrifugal loads produced by the
rotating platform.
A further object of this invention is to provide an improved
compressor platform fabricated into separate complementary halves
that reduces the tab ending stress, provides means for transmitting
the centrifugal load to the compressor disc, eliminates the disc
seal structure and is especially efficacious for compressor blades
fabricated from composite materials.
Other features and advantages will be apparent from the
specification and claims and from the accompanying drawing which
illustrate an embodiment of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the blade and
platform.
FIG. 2 is a partial view in perspective of the assembled blade and
platform of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a partial view partly in elevation and partly in section,
taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 4, showing the platform-blade mounted
in the dovetail slot of the compressor disc.
FIG. 4 is a partial view in elevation taken endwise of FIG. 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Reference is now made to FIGS. 1-4 illustrating the preferred
embodiment of this invention as used on a compressor for a turbine
type of power plant. The blade 10 comprises an airfoil shaped shell
12 which preferably is fabricated from a composite material such as
boron epoxy or boron aluminum as described and claimed in a patent
application entitled "Composite Fan Blade and Method of
Construction" filed by E. Rothman on even date and assigned to the
same assignee. The spar 14, extends beyond shell 10 to form the
root of the blade and defines a retention 15 that is adapted to fit
into the dovetail slot 16 of compressor disc 18. The compressor
disc obviously carries a plurality of such slots for supporting a
like number of blades to form the compressor rotor and only one
being shown for the sake of clarity and simplicity.
The separable platform 20 is fabricated into two separate halves,
the camber side half 22 and the face side half 24. Preferably, the
platform like the core is fabricated from a suitable metal such as
titanium. The inner edge of the platform surface 28 of face-side
half 24 and the inner edge 30 of the platform 32 are shaped to
complement the face and camber sides of shell 12.
Each platform half carries fore and aft depending arms 34, 34' and
36, 36' the primed referenced numerals refer to like reference
numerals being mating arms and each pair of arms being dimensioned
to overlie the edges or end faces of retention 15 and extend
downwardly to be substantially coextensive therewith as can best be
seen in FIG. 2.
Each arm, 34, 34', 36 and 36' has defined thereon at its lower
outer extremity a lip 38 each being identically dimensioned and
each having a load transmitting face 40.
As can best be seen in FIG. 4 when retention 15 is inserted in the
dovetail slot 16 of the disc 18, the load transmitting faces 40
mate with a complementary face formed in the dovetail slot. These
mating faces serve to transmit the centrifugal loads which tends to
force the platform outwardly in the direction of arrow A produced
by the rotation of the platform.
Dowel pins 44 may be incorporated in arms 34' and 36' to mate
complementary holes 42 formed in arms 34 and 36 to align the halves
of the platform. It is apparent from FIG. 2 that the platform when
assembled extends above the tab portion and lower shell extremity
portion of the blade. This provides a smooth transition of the
blade shell and blade root when in the assembled position. It will
also be apparent that no securing means are necessary to hold the
halves in their relative positions.
The abutting edges 46, those edges that abut the next adjacent
platform in the disc 18 form an air seal when assembled so as to
prevent flow of air between adjacent fan blades and surfaces 47
prevent flow of air to adjacent stages.
If necessary, the junction edges of the platform and shell in the
assembled position may be treated with a suitable plastic material
such as silicone rubber to seal off the root of the blade from the
air working surfaces. Additionally, this treatment serves to permit
slight movement of the blade relative to the platform occasioned by
vibrations at high speed.
What has been shown by this invention is a two-piece, separable
platform with a connection directly to the disc dovetail slot,
independent of the blade. This assembly not only reduces tab ending
stresses but also alleviates the retention loading occasioned by
the centrifugal loads by transmitting this load through the
platform directly to the disc.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the
particular embodiments shown and described herein, but that various
changes and modifications may be made without departing from the
spirit or scope of this novel concept as defined by the following
claims.
* * * * *