U.S. patent number 3,787,973 [Application Number 05/315,307] was granted by the patent office on 1974-01-29 for safety retracting mechanism for the lower guard of a portable saw.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Skil Corporation. Invention is credited to Hanspeter E. Beisch, Frank A. Kaman.
United States Patent |
3,787,973 |
Beisch , et al. |
January 29, 1974 |
SAFETY RETRACTING MECHANISM FOR THE LOWER GUARD OF A PORTABLE
SAW
Abstract
A manually operable actuator is connected to the lower guard
retracting linkage by a releasable mechanism. Movement of the
actuator causes swinging movement of the lower guard to its open
position. Continued swinging movement of the lower guard to its
open position as a result of being engaged by the work operates the
releasable mechanism to disconnect the actuator from the lower
guard, whereby spring means will automatically swing the lower
guard to its closed position upon removal of the saw from the work
irrespective of the position of the actuator. Return movement of
the actuator to its closed position resets the releasable
mechanism.
Inventors: |
Beisch; Hanspeter E. (Buffalo
Grove, IL), Kaman; Frank A. (Prospect Heights, IL) |
Assignee: |
Skil Corporation (Chicago,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
23223814 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/315,307 |
Filed: |
December 15, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
30/391 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B27G
19/04 (20130101); F16P 1/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B27G
19/00 (20060101); B27G 19/04 (20060101); F16P
1/02 (20060101); F16P 1/00 (20060101); B27g
019/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;30/373,390,391 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Simpson; Othell M.
Assistant Examiner: Davidson; Marc R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McDougall, Hersh & Scott
Claims
We claim:
1. A guard retracting mechanism for a portable saw of the type
having a circular blade, a fixed upper guard and a lower guard
mounted for swinging movement back and forth between open and
closed positions, said mechanism comprising:
a. an actuator movable back and forth between closed and open
positions;
b. a force transmitting assembly connected to said lower guard;
c. spring means for urging said lower guard to its closed
position;
d. releasable means connecting said actuator with said force
transmitting assembly, which releasable means include force
transmitting elements normally interengaged whereby movement of
said actuator to its open position causes swinging movement of said
lower guard to its open position;
e. said releasable means including cam means for disengaging said
elements in response to movement of said lower guard toward its
open position independently of said actuator, whereby said spring
means is permitted to swing said lower guard to its closed position
irrespective of the position of said actuator; and
f. other cam means operable in response to movement of said
actuator toward its closed position for engaging said elements.
2. The mechanism according to claim 1 further defined by:
a. said releasable means including a shaft and a collar mounted
thereon for both rotation and axial movement relative to the shaft,
which shaft has a diametrically disposed bore therein;
b. said actuator being connected with said collar and said shaft
being connected with said force transmitting assembly;
c. said collar including a recess having a first wall and a camming
wall, the latter forming part of said camming means;
d. a pin received in said bore;
e. second spring means in said bore engaged with said pin normally
urging the latter outwardly with one end of the pin received in
said recess and engaged with said first wall, which first wall and
the engaged surface of said pin constitute said force transmitting
elements;
f. third spring means urging said collar in one axial direction and
being adapted to shift said collar in said one direction when said
pin is forced from said recess by the action of said camming wall
resulting from rotation of said shaft relative to said collar;
and
g. second camming means for shifting said collar in its other
direction in response to movement of said actuator toward its
closed position.
3. The mechanism according to claim 2 wherein said force
transmitting assembly includes linkage connecting said shaft with
said lower guard.
4. A guard retracting mechanism for a portable saw of the type
having a circular blade, a fixed upper guard and a lower guard
mounted for swinging movement back and forth between open and
closed positions, said mechanism comprising:
a. an actuator mounted on the saw housing for movement back and
forth between open and closed positions;
b. spring means urging the lower guard to its closed position;
c. force transmitting means connecting said actuator with said
lower guard such that movement of the former toward its open
position causes corresponding movement of the lower guard;
d. said force transmitting means including releasable means
operable to disconnect said actuator from said lower guard in
response to movement of the latter toward its open position
independently of the former, whereupon said spring means is
permitted to swing said lower guard to its closed position
irrespective of the position of said actuator; and
e. reset means operable in response to movement of said actuator
toward its closed position for re-establishing the connection
between said actuator and said lower guard.
5. A guard retracting mechanism for a portable saw of the type
having a circular blade, a fixed upper guard and a lower guard
mounted for swinging movement back and forth between open and
closed positions, said mechanism comprising:
a. spring means connected with said lower guard for urging the same
to its closed position;
b. a shaft;
c. linkage connecting said shaft with said lower guard such that
rotation of the former causes swinging movement of the latter;
d. an actuator including a collar mounted on said shaft for
rotation and for axial movement relative thereto, which actuator is
mounted for swinging movement back and forth between open and
closed positions and thereby imparts corresponding rotation to said
collar;
e. releasable means connecting said collar with said shaft for
rotation in unison such that swinging movement of said actuator to
its open position causes corresponding movement of said lower
guard;
f. said releasable means including first cam means for
disconnecting said collar from said shaft in response to rotation
of the latter relative to the former; and
g. second cam means for re-establishing the connection between said
collar and said shaft in response to rotation of the former
relative to the latter.
6. The mechanism according to claim 5 further defined by:
a. said releasable means being defined by a pin yieldably mounted
in a bore formed in said shaft and by a recess formed in said
collar, one end of the pin being normally received in said
recess;
b. said first cam means including a camming wall forming part of
said recess, said camming wall being adapted to force said pin out
of said recess in response to movement of the shaft relative to the
collar;
c. said releasable means also including other spring means for
shifting the collar axially in one direction upon disengagement of
said pin from said recess; and
d. said second cam means including a cam and cam follower for
shifting said collar axially in the other direction.
7. The mechanism according to claim 6 wherein said collar is
mounted for said axial movement relative to said actuator, said
other spring means being interposed between said actuator and said
collar.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The field of the present invention relates to portable saws of the
type having a circular blade, which saws are either electrically or
pneumatically powered. Portable saws of this type have a fixed
upper blade guard, which may form part of the housing of the saw,
and a lower blade guard which is mounted for swinging movement back
and forth between open and closed positions, thereby to expose the
blade when the saw is to be brought into engagement with the work
and to enclose the blade at times when the saw is not in engagement
with the work. More particularly, the present invention relates to
manually operated mechanism for retracting the lower blade guard of
a saw of the type under consideration.
2. The Prior Art
It is known in the prior art to provide a manually operable
retracting mechanism for the lower guard of a portable saw. In the
interest of safety, this handle is located remotely from the lower
guard. Actuation of the handle causes the lower guard to be swung
to the open position. The guard is closed by positively moving the
actuating handle or by simply releasing the latter whereupon spring
means act to swing the lower guard to its closed position.
The principal disadvantage of such a retracting mechanism resides
in the fact that the lower guard will remain in the open position
exposing the cutting blade unless the actuating handle is released
or returned to the closed position. This presents a potentially
hazardous situation under some circumstances. For example, a
workman using such a tool and losing his balance while standing on
a ladder might be distracted to an extent that he would not release
his grip on the actuating handle or on the trigger controlling the
motor. Obviously, serious injury could result in such an
eventuality.
Attempts have been made in the prior art to provide mechanism for
automatically returning the lower guard to its closed position. In
this regard, reference is made to the structure described in
Hampton U.S. Pat. No. 1,900,533. This patent shows a portable saw
including linkage connecting the lower guard to the trigger which
actuates the motor. If the trigger is held in the fully closed
position upon removal of the saw from the work, the lower guard
will return to the fully closed position. However, the Hampton
structure suffers from a major disadvantage in that the lower guard
will open only partially and then snap to the closed position
unless the saw is brought into engagement with the work upon
initial retraction of the lower guard. As is known to those skilled
in the art, when it is desired to make top cuts, for example, the
usual practice is to retract the guard and then energize the tool
motor prior to bringing the saw into engagement with the work. With
the Hampton structure, it would be necessary to retract the lower
guard only partially and then bring the tool into engagement with
the work prior to energizing the motor. Obviously, such use of the
power saw would create a potentially hazardous condition because of
kick back resulting from placing the circular blade into contact
with the work prior to energization of the tool motor.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The present invention may be summarized as the provision of a new
and improved retracting mechanism for a portable power saw, which
mechanism permits the lower guard to be swung manually to the open
position irrespective of whether or not the work is engaged and
which mechanism provides for the automatic closing of the lower
blade guard upon removal of the tool from the work irrespective of
the position of the actuating handle.
A primary object of the present invention is the provision of a new
and improved retracting mechanism for a portable saw, which
mechanism embodies significant safety features.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a
retracting mechanism for the lower guard of a portable power saw,
which mechanism includes an actuator connected with the lower guard
linkage by releasable means, the releasable means being operated to
disconnect the lower blade guard from the actuator in response to
movement of the lower guard as the result of the latter engaging
the work.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a
lower guard retracting mechanism according to the foregoing
objects, wherein the releasable means are reset to connect the
lower guard linkage with the actuator in response to movement of
the latter to its closed position.
Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a
lower guard retracting mechanism according to the foregoing
objects, such mechanism providing for the manual retraction of the
lower guard irrespective of whether or not the saw is brought into
engagement with the work.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention
will become apparent from the following specification disclosing a
preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portable power saw embodying the
present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, partial side elevation and partial section
of the saw of FIG. 1, with only the parts constituting the present
invention being illustrated;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG.
2;
FIG. 4 is a partial elevation and section similar to FIG. 2, and
showing the arrangement of the parts with the lower guard in its
partially retracted position;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged section taken along the line 5--5 of FIG.
4;
FIG. 6 is a partial elevation and section similar to FIG. 4, and
showing the arrangement of the parts with the lower guard in its
fully retracted position as the result of being engaged by the
work;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged section taken along the line 7--7 of FIG.
6;
FIG. 8 is a partial elevation and section similar to FIG. 6, and
showing the arrangement of the parts after the lower guard has
automatically swung to its closed position as the result of the
tool being removed from the work;
FIG. 9 is a section taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 3; and
FIG. 10 is an end view taken along the line 10--10 of FIG. 9.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention may be advantageously incorporated in a
portable electric saw of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 and
generally designated 10. It will be understood that the present
invention has equal applicability with saws having other sources of
power, such as pneumatic motors, for example.
The power saw 10 includes a housing 11 having a fixed upper guard,
generally designated 12. As noted in FIG. 3, the upper guard has an
inner wall 14 and an outer wall 15 defining a space 16 therebetween
for receiving a circular saw blade 18. This saw blade is mounted on
a drive shaft 19 in a manner well known to those skilled in the
art.
The saw housing 11 further includes a handle 20, which handle
mounts a trigger 21; depression of this trigger causes energization
of the electric motor thereby to rotate the circular saw blade 18.
The saw 10 also includes an adjustable base or platform 22; this
base is preferably of the construction disclosed and claimed in the
pending application of Frank A. Kaman et al., Ser. No. 206,639,
filed Dec. 10, 1971, and assigned to the assignee of the present
application.
A lower blade guard, generally designated 24, is mounted for
swinging movement about an annular bearing 25, which bearing is
coaxial with the drive shaft 19. A preferred mounting for such a
lower blade guard and an associated kerf guide is disclosed and
claimed in the pending application of Ronald E. Gronke et al., Ser.
No. 58,530, filed July 27, 1970, and assigned to the assignee of
the present application. The lower blade guard includes an inner
wall 26, an outer, arcuate wall 27, such walls being integral with
a wall 28. It will be understood that the lower blade guard 24 is
received within the upper blade guard 12 when the former is swung
clockwise to its open position.
A coil spring 30 has one end thereof secured to the inner wall 26
of the lower guard at a position adjacent the hub 25. The other end
of this spring is suitably secured to a formation (not shown) on
the inside of the upper blade guard 12. It will be understood that
the spring 30 constantly urges the lower blade guard 24 in a
counterclockwise direction toward its closed position.
A first link 31 has one end thereof pivotally connected with the
wall 26 of the lower blade guard, as by a pin 33. This end of the
link is curved so as to clear the hub 25 and to engage the lower
blade guard at a location providing a mechanical advantage for
swinging the lower guard to its open position. The other end of the
link 31 is pivotally connected to the distal end of another link
34, as by means of a pin 35. The other end of the link 34 is fixed
to a shaft 37, which shaft is journaled in aligned bores 38, 39
coaxially formed in the respective walls 14 and 15 of the upper
blade guard. It will be understood that the link 34 and the shaft
37 are secured together for movement in unison.
The shaft 37 includes an enlarged portion 40. A collar 42 is
mounted on the shaft portion 40 both for rotation and axial
movement relative thereto. The collar 42 is received within a
recess formed by an annular wall 11a, the latter being part of the
housing of the power tool.
A manually operable actuator 44 has a bore 45 formed in one end
thereof, which bore rotatably engages the shaft portion 40. The
shaft includes a reduced-in-diameter portion 46, which portion
mounts a C-type washer 47 for retaining the actuator 44 in place.
The actuator 44 includes an annular space 48 receiving an O-ring 49
to prevent the entry of sawdust and other foreign matter into the
annular space defined by the outer surface of the housing wall 11a
and an annular surface 50 of the actuator.
The portion of the actuator forming the bore 45 includes an annular
recess 52 defining a space to receive one end of a coil spring 53.
The other end of this spring is received within an annular recess
55 formed in the outer surface of the collar 42. It will be
understood that the spring 53 acts to urge the collar 42 axially to
the right as viewed in FIGS. 3, 5 and 7. At this time it should be
mentioned that suitable means (not shown), such as a spline-type
connection, are provided to permit the collar 42 to move axially of
the shaft portion 40 relative to the actuator 44 and to cause the
collar 42 to rotate in response to swinging movement of the
actuator.
As best seen in FIG. 9, the shaft portion 40 includes a
diametrically disposed, blind bore 57 receiving a coil spring 58
and a pin 59. The spring 58 acts to urge the pin 59 outwardly of
the bore 57 for normally maintaining the rounded outer end of the
pin 59 received within a recess 60 formed in the inner surface of
the collar 42. This recess includes a wall surface 60a shaped such
that when the same engages the pin 59 in response to
counterclockwise rotation (FIG. 9) of the collar, corresponding
rotation will be imparted to the shaft 37. This recess also
includes a camming wall 60b for camming the pin 59 inwardly of the
bore 57 when the shaft 37 is rotated counterclockwise (FIG. 9)
relative to the collar 42.
As noted in FIGS. 9 and 10, the collar 42 rotates an annular
surface 61 interrupted by a cam formation, the latter being defined
by an included wall 62 and a wall 63. The wall 63 is contained in a
plane perpendicular to the logitudinal central axis of the collar.
As will be explained hereinbelow, this cam formation is adapted to
be engaged by the outer end of a pin 64, which pin is fixedly
mounted within a recess 65 formed in the saw housing adjacent the
upper blade guard 12.
The actuator 44 includes an integral abutment 67. This abutment is
adapted to engage a stop formation 68 to limit swinging movement of
the actuator in a counterclockwise direction. The stop 68 may be a
formation integral with the inner wall 14 of the upper guard
12.
The operation of the lower guard retracting mechanism of the
present invention is as follows:
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the arrangement of the parts when the
lower guard 24 is in its fully closed position and when the
actuator 44 is in its closed position. With the parts so arranged,
the pin 59 will be received within the recess 60.
Assume that the actuator 44 is rotated counterclockwise for
retracting the lower guard. Such movement of the actuator causes
corresponding rotation of the collar 42. This rotation of the
collar will rotate the shaft portion 40 in the same direction as
the wall 60a of the recess 60 engages the pin 59 to transfer
rotation from the collar 42 to the shaft portion 40. It is apparent
that the shaft 37 will be rotated for swinging the lower guard 24
to its open position by the action of the links 31, 34.
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the arrangement of parts when the actuator
44 has been moved to its fully open position. Rotation of the
actuator is arrested due to engagement of the abutment 67 with the
stop 68.
As the rotating saw blade 18 moves through the work, the lower
guard 24 will also come into engagement with the work. Such
engagement between the work and the lower blade guard 24 will
result in further swinging movement of the former as illustrated in
FIG. 6. This additional movement of the lower guard will cause
rotation of the shaft portion 40 relative to the collar 42. Such
rotation will cause the pin 59 to be brought into engagement with
the camming wall 60b, whereupon the pin 59 will be cammed or forced
inwardly of the bore 57. As soon as the pin 59 is forced out of the
recess 60, the spring 53 will act to shift the collar 42 axially to
the right (FIG. 7) whereupon the annular formation 61 of the collar
will be brought into abutting engagement with the pin 64. It is
apparent that the collar 42 is now disconnected or released from
the shaft portion 40. Accordingly, if the saw is removed from the
work, the spring 30 will act automatically to swing the lower guard
24 to the fully closed position even if the actuator 44 is held in
its fully open position.
Assume that the saw has been removed from the work with the
actuator 44 held in the open position. As the operator moves the
actuator 44 to the closed position (of course, spring means may be
provided to return the actuator upon release of the same), the
collar 42 will be rotated thereby bringing the inclined cam surface
62 into engagement with the pin 64. The inclined camming wall 62
acting on the pin 64 will act to shift the collar 42 axially
against the force of the spring 53 for aligning the recess 60
axially of the shaft portion 40 for receiving the pin 59. This
return movement of the actuator 44 will also result in rotating the
collar 42 for receiving the pin 59. Therefore, when the actuator 44
is returned to its closed position, the pin 59 will again be forced
into the recess 60 under the influence of the spring 58 thereby
repositioning the mechanism to connect the actuator 44 with the
lower guard 24.
As mentioned above, spring means may be provided to return the
actuator 44 to the closed position upon release of the same. This
may be achieved by fashioning the spring 53 in the manner of a
torsion spring and securing opposite ends thereof to the actuator
44 and upper guard 12 (or housing portion 11a), respectively.
It should be apparent that the present invention provides a new and
improved lower guard retracting mechanism having important safety
features. The releasable mechanism between the actuator 44 and the
lower blade guard 24 is actuated in response to engagement between
the lower guard and the work. Should the saw be removed from the
work at any time thereafter, the lower guard 24 will automatically
swing to its closed position irrespective of the position of the
actuator 44.
* * * * *