U.S. patent number 3,783,844 [Application Number 05/227,456] was granted by the patent office on 1974-01-08 for fuel injection system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to John A. Gural.
United States Patent |
3,783,844 |
Gural |
January 8, 1974 |
FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM
Abstract
In an electronically controlled fuel injection system, the air
inlet body and the fuel rails are secured by a bracket whereby the
air and fuel metering components of the system which are mounted
thereon may be tested and shipped in a unitary package.
Inventors: |
Gural; John A. (Pittsford,
NY) |
Assignee: |
General Motors Corporation
(Detroit, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
22853186 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/227,456 |
Filed: |
February 18, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
123/456; 123/470;
123/184.31 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F02M
69/46 (20130101); F02M 69/465 (20130101); F02B
75/22 (20130101); F02M 51/0675 (20130101); F02M
51/08 (20190201); F02M 69/044 (20130101); F02M
69/047 (20130101); F02M 61/145 (20130101); F02D
2200/0606 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F02M
51/06 (20060101); F02M 61/14 (20060101); F02M
69/46 (20060101); F02M 69/04 (20060101); F02B
75/22 (20060101); F02M 61/00 (20060101); F02B
75/00 (20060101); F02M 51/08 (20060101); F02b
075/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;123/52M,52MV,139AW,139AV,139AT,32EA |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Goodridge; Laurence M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: J. L. Carpenter et al.
Claims
I claim:
1. A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine having
a group of longitudinally spaced combustion chambers, each of said
combustion chambers having air and fuel inlet means, said engine
further having an intake manifold including air induction passage
means extending to said air inlet means for said combustion
chambers, said fuel injection system comprising:
an air inlet body having an air inlet passage adapted for mounting
on said intake manifold with said air inlet passage in registration
with said air induction passage means whereby air flow to said
combustion chambers will flow through said air inlet passage, said
air induction passage means, and said air inlet means, said air
inlet body including means for metering air flow through said air
inlet passage to said combustion chambers,
a longitudinally extending fuel rail defining a fuel passage having
a plurality of fuel outlets adapted for mounting on said engine
with the fuel outlets thereof in registration with said fuel inlet
means for said combustion chambers, said fuel rail having recesses
therein associated with said fuel outlets and means received in
said recesses and controlled by said air flow metering means for
metering fuel flow through said fuel outlets to said combustion
chambers,
and a bracket securing said fuel rail to said air inlet body
whereby said air and fuel metering means may be tested and shipped
as a single unit.
Description
This invention relates to a fuel injection system having numerous
advantages of construction and operation over those available
heretofore.
Particular advantages may be noted in the provision of a bracket
interconnecting the air inlet body and the fuel rails. This allows
the air metering components carried on the air inlet body and the
fuel metering components carried on the fuel rails to be tested and
shipped as a single unit. If desired, the bracket may be removed
during installation of the air inlet body and fuel rails on an
engine.
The details as well as other objects and advantages of this
invention are set forth in the remainder of the specification and
are shown in the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a fuel injection system, also
showing an air cleaner mounted on the air inlet body but omitting
any showing of the inlet manifold and other engine components for
clarity of detail;
FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the fuel injection system,
showing its relationship to the inlet manifold and cylinder
heads;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the fuel injection system showing the
bracket securing the air inlet body and the fuel rails into a
single package for testing and shipping;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view, as it would appear along line 4--4 of
FIG. 3, showing one of the injectors mounted in the fuel rails and
also showing the relationship of the components to the induction
passage in the inlet manifold and cylinder heads;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view, as it would appear along line 5--5 of
FIG. 3, showing one of the air inlet fittings for the atmospheric
air galleries in the fuel rails;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view along line 6--6 of FIG. 4 showing the
constructional details of one of the fuel injectors;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7--7 of FIG. 2 showing the
mounting of a fuel temperature thermistor;
FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the air inlet body and the heat
conducting pad; and
FIG. 9 is a sectional view along line 9--9 of FIG. 8 showing
further details of the heat conducting pad.
Throughout the drawings, some portions of the electrical wiring and
the air and vacuum hoses are illustrated but most portions of such
have been omitted for a clearer illustration of other components of
the fuel injection system.
Referring to the drawings, the fuel injection system includes an
air inlet body 10 and a pair of extruded fuel rails 12 and 14.
Mounted on an inlet manifold 16 which in turn is mounted on
cylinder heads 18 and 20, air inlet body 10 has a pair of air inlet
passages 22 and 24 which register with the induction passage 26
extending through inlet manifold 16 and heads 18 and 20 to the
combustion chamber inlet ports 27. Throttles 28 and 30 are disposed
in inlet passages 22 and 24 on a rotatable shaft 32 for controlling
air flow through induction passage 26.
Air inlet body 10 also is provided with a transducer 34, such as
that described in U.S. Ser. No. 202,760, filed Nov. 29, 1971, which
measures the absolute pressure in air inlet passages 22 and 24 and
induction passage 26 downstream of throttles 28 and 30 and provides
an electrical signal proportional thereto.
Air inlet body 10 also has provision for a curb idle adjustment 36
and a fast idle control valve 38 such as those shown in U.S. Ser.
No. 41,141, filed May 25, 1970, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,645,509.
If desired, air inlet body 10 also may include provision for a
transducer 40 which provides an electrical signal indicative of a
sudden increase in pressure in air inlet passages 22 and 24 and
induction passage 26 downstream of throttles 28 and 30 and thus
indicative of engine acceleration.
In addition, air inlet body 10 includes provision for mounting a
thermistor 42 which senses the temperature of the air entering air
inlet passages 22 and 24 and induction passage 26. Further, air
inlet body 10 may include provision for an electrical switch 44
which is opened and closed by a throttle lever 46 secured on
throttle shaft 32 and which thus indicates the position of
throttles 28 and 30. An adjusting screw 48 may be provided to limit
throttle closing movement of throttle lever 46.
A heat conducting pad 50 extends horizontally from air inlet body
10 toward the rear of the engine. As shown in FIG. 8, a drilled
passage 52 provides a manifold vacuum tap to which the manifold
vacuum connection 54 shown in FIG. 3 may be mounted. Other fittings
56 also shown in FIG. 3 may be provided for various vacuum signals
created as throttle 30 traverses various ports (not shown) provided
in air inlet passage 24. Other vacuum taps, such as that shown at
58 in FIG. 2, also may be provided.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an electronic package 60 is mounted on
heat conducting pad 50. Electronic package 60 receives electrical
signals from the components, such as transducers 34 and 40,
throttle switch 44, and thermistor 42, which meter air flow to the
engine and controls energization of the injectors which meter fuel
flow to the engine as described below. Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9,
electronic package 60 is designed to mate with the heat transfer
surface 62 of pad 50 whereby heat generated during operation of
electronic package 60 may be conducted into heat conducting pad 50.
The lower surface of pad 50 has a plurality of elongated recesses
64 which define a plurality of fins 66 therebetween. Fins 66
radiate heat from pad 50 into the atmosphere ambient pad 50, space
being provided between the lower portion of pad 50 and inlet
manifold 16 to permit air circulation. Recesses 64 and fins 66 are
generally parallel and their major axes extend longitudinally
toward air inlet body 10, thus facilitating heat conduction to air
inlet passages 22 and 24. Heat generated during operation of
electronic package 60 also is dissipated, therefore, into the air
flowing through inlet passages 22 and 24 to induction passage
26.
Still referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, it may be noted that several
ports 68 and 70 provide openings from air inlet passages 22 and 24,
below throttles 28 and 30, to manifold pressure chambers 72 and 74.
Manifold vacuum passage 52 extends from chamber 74, while manifold
pressure transducer 34, idle air controls 36 and 38, and
acceleration transducer 40, as well as other desired components,
are associated with chamber 72.
Fuel rail 12 extends longitudinally along the right-hand bank of
combustion chambers while fuel rail 14 extends longitudinally along
the left-hand bank of combustion chambers. Rails 12 and 14 are
shown in FIG. 2 as being mounted on inlet manifold 16, but
provision could be made for mounting the rails on cylinder heads 18
and 20, if desired.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, rails 12 and 14 have fuel passages 76
and air passages or galleries 78 which are formed during the
process of extruding rails 12 and 14. Air galleries 78 have
fittings 80 provided with hoses 82 to receive air from an air
cleaner 84. As shown in FIG. 1, air cleaner 84 is supported by an
adapter ring 85, received on a ledge 86 formed about air inlet body
10, and is secured by a stud 87.
Each rail 12 and 14 has a plurality of injectors 88 retained, by
clamps 90 as shown in FIG. 3, in sockets 92 formed as shown in FIG.
4. Sockets 92 intersect fuel passages 76, and "O" rings 94
surrounding injectors 88 above and below passages 76 prevent
leakage of fuel from sockets 92.
As shown in FIG. 6, each injector 88 has a screen 96 through which
fuel is received from passage 76. Fuel passes from screen 96
through an opening 98 in the injector body 100 and then through a
central bore 102 in the nozzle 103. A valve plunger 104 controls
flow of fuel from bore 102 through nozzle opening 106. When
energized by electronic package 60, a solenoid coil 108 lifts a
magnetically responsive member 110 secured on the end of valve
plunger 104, thus metering and delivering fuel from fuel passage 76
through injector socket 92, screen 96, opening 98, bore 102, and
opening 106 into the base region 112 of socket 92. Nozzle opening
106 sprays the fuel through a critical flow orifice member 114
which is disposed in the outlet 115 opening from base region 112 of
socket 92. Orifice members 114 are aimed through induction passage
26 toward the inlet ports 27 for the combustion chambers 115
located at the ends of induction passage 26.
Branch passages 116 extend from air galleries 78 to base regions
112 of sockets 92 to provide atmospheric pressure regions at the
outlets of injectors 88 and to supply a constant flow of air
through orifice members 114. Branch passages 116 receive plugs 118
at the outer ends.
As best shown in FIG. 3, the rearward end of rail 14 is provided
with a filter housing 120 which receives fuel through a fitting 122
from a fuel pump such as that set forth in U.S. Ser. No. 211,934,
filed Dec. 27, 1971. Filter housing 120 supplies fuel to fuel
passage 76 in rail 14 and, through a crossover pipe 124, to a
similar fuel passage in rail 12. A fitting 126 may be provided on
the rearward end of rail 12 to receive fuel from crossover pipe
124. At the forward end of rail 14, a fitting 128 houses a fuel
temperature responsive thermistor 129 and provides a connection
between fuel passage 76 in rail 14 and a crossover pipe 130 which
extends to a fitting 132 at the forward end of rail 12. Fitting 132
includes means for bleeding fuel vapor from fuel passages 76 in
rails 12 and 14 as set forth in, U.S. Ser. No. 221,640, filed Jan.
28, 1972.
As shown in FIG. 3, a bracket 134 is bolted at its outboard ends
136 and 138 to rails 12 and 14 and has a central portion 140 which
is received on air cleaner adapter ring ledge 86 formed about air
inlet body 10. A central arm 144 carries a bolt 146 which is
received in a hole tapped in body 10 to receive air cleaner stud
87, thereby securing bracket 134 to air inlet body 10. By this
means, air inlet body 10 and rails 12 and 14 are secured in a
single package whereby both air and fuel metering components of the
fuel injection system may be tested and shipped as a single unit.
If desired, the bracket may be removed during installation of the
air inlet body 10 and rails 12 and 14 on the engine.
* * * * *