U.S. patent number 3,779,078 [Application Number 05/191,012] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-18 for flame-proof fitting.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Killark Electric Manufacturing Company. Invention is credited to Glenda F. Kaesser, Marshall G. Zavertnik.
United States Patent |
3,779,078 |
Kaesser , et al. |
December 18, 1973 |
FLAME-PROOF FITTING
Abstract
A flame-proof fitting for conducting a capillary tube through
the wall of a box including a bushing threaded through the wall,
having a tapered passage through it, two semi-frusto-conical wedges
having axial grooves to receive the tube when placed together, and
a cap threadable onto the bushing to force the two members tightly
into the tapered passage in the bushing, compressing them together
tightly, and compressing them tightly against the tube.
Inventors: |
Kaesser; Glenda F. (St. Louis,
MO), Zavertnik; Marshall G. (Manchester, MO) |
Assignee: |
Killark Electric Manufacturing
Company (St. Louis, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
22703764 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/191,012 |
Filed: |
October 20, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
236/95; 174/152R;
374/E5.019; 374/E1.018; 403/370; 374/201 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01K
5/32 (20130101); G01K 1/14 (20130101); Y10T
403/7056 (20150115); H02G 15/013 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G01K
5/32 (20060101); G01K 5/00 (20060101); G01K
1/14 (20060101); G01k 001/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;73/375,343
;285/322,323,158,90 ;236/99D,99R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Queisser; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Corr; Denis E.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a flame-resistant fitting for conducting elongated elements
through a wall, the combination of: means providing an elongated,
smooth, tapered passage through the wall, the means having a
projection extending free of the wall; a plurality of wedges of
hard material having smooth interfaces so that the wedges
constitute together a tapered solid that can fit into the tapered
passage, each wedge having an axial groove, the grooves together
providing an elongated opening to receive the elongated element,
compressing means interengaging between the projection and the
wedges to force the wedges tightly into the passage until their
interfaces are in engagement, their grooves then forming an
uninterrupted passage, the smooth interfaces of the wedges being of
complementary shape, smooth, and interengageable closely enough and
for a great enough extent under force of the compressing means to
restrain flame passage between them and the grooves being shaped to
complement the outside of the elongated element and of such shape
that the wedges likewise cause the grooves to embrace the elongated
element closely enough and over sufficient length to restrain
passage of flame, the material of the wedges being hard so that the
wedges are not permanently deformed under the force of the
compressing means, and do not crush the elongated element, the
wedges being also removable and replaceable.
2. In the fitting of claim 1: the means providing the tapered
passage including a member threaded for removable engagement in the
wall.
3. In the fitting of claim 1: the tapered passage and the tapered
wedges being circular in cross-section.
4. In the fitting of claim 1: the tapered passage being
frusto-conical, the wedges being two in number, each comprising a
semi-frusto-conical member with a finished diametric flat surface
in which the axial groove extends; and each having a smooth outer
tapering surface.
5. In the fitting of claim 5: the compressing means comprising a
nut threaded onto the projection and abutting the wedges, the nut
having a central opening larger than the elongated element to
enable an enlarged component on the element to be drawn through
it.
6. In the fitting of claim 1 adapted for use with an elongated
element comprising a capillary tube to which is secured an enlarged
sensing element, the small end of the tapered passage being
enlarged to be greater than the size of the sensing element, to
enable the sensing element to be drawn through it when the wedges
are removed, the elongated opening being of small cross section to
receive and closely surround the capillary tube, the said opening
being substantially smaller than the cross section of the tapered
passage, leaving the interfaces of the wedges of substantial size,
the said interfaces being smooth and complementary so that they can
fit closely to prevent flame passage between them when they are
wedged tightly together.
7. The fitting of claim 1, with a thermostat having a capillary
tube constituting the elongated element, the capillary tube having
an enlarged sensing device on it; the passage being large enough to
pass the sensing element, the wedges engaging the capillary tube.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore controls and like devices, such as thermostats having
capillary tubes, have been contained in flameproof boxes or
housings only with difficulty because of the problem of conducting
the capillary tube and sensing element through the wall of the
housing. Potting compounds have been employed but they must be
broken down each time the thermostat is removed from the box for
servicing or for being replaced. No mechanical means has been
provided that would not only provide for no flame path about the
capillary, but also would exclude flame path about its own
components. If a mechanical fitting were used, it had to be
tailored to each size of tubing to be accommodated.
The present invention requires no potting compound. It can be taken
apart at any time and replaced with no difficulty. Thus, it can
readily permit the thermostat to be removed from the box and a
sensing element to be drawn through the wall of the box in a
reversible operation of dis-assembly rather than destruction of
parts. The arrangement affords no flame path either around the
capillary or through the parts of the assembly itself. It, in fact,
can straighten a capillary tube, causing it to fit snugly in the
passage formed between the elements of the cone that make up the
passage.
The fitting can easily be adapted to different sizes of tubes,
since either the entire fitting can be unscrewed from the wall and
one of different dimensions substituted, or the frusto-conical
wedges along may be changed for wedges having different sized axial
grooves.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation partly broken away showing the assembly
mounted in a box;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view on a line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a more enlarged diametrical section taken on the line
3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a section taken on the line 4--4 of FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 is an elevation partly broken away of one of the
semi-frusto-conical elements.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the description to follow, the invention is described in
connection with conducting a capillary tube of a thermostat in a
flame-proof manner through the wall of a box. This is a preferred
application of the invention, which can, however, be used to
conduct other elongated components through walls in a flame-proof
manner, i.e., in a way that restricts passage of flame through the
wall to the extent of the standards of the industry, usually
represented in terms of closeness of fit and length of the
potential flame paths.
In FIG. 1 a thermostat is mounted in a box 11 having a removable
cover 12 that is held onto the box by screws (not shown). The
purpose of the box is to provide a flameproof enclosure for the
thermostat 10 or like device.
The thermostat has an elongated capillary tube 15 extending from
it, on the end of which there is an enlarged sensing element 16 to
be located at some control point outside of the box 11. Hence, the
capillary tube 15 must be passed through the wall of the box,
posing the problem of providing an opening through the wall of the
box without an accompanying flame path. The hole through the wall
must be sufficiently large to accommodate the size of the sensing
element 16.
In FIG. 3, the wall of the box 11 is shown as having a threaded
opening to receive the externally threaded inner end 18 of a
bushing 19 having a hexagonal wrench-receiving portion 20. The
quality of the threads and the thickness of the wall are such as to
provide no flame path through the wall past the threads.
The outer end 21 of the bushing 19 is externally threaded with
machine threads. The bushing 19 has a tapered frusto-conical
passage 23 through it, the walls of which are machined true and
smooth. The small inner end of the opening 23 preferably is large
enough to pass the sensing element 16 of all of the standard
thermostats or other controls for which the box is designed.
Two semi-frusto-conical wedge members 24 are shaped so that when
placed together they form a frusto-conical subassembly that can be
wedged into the passage 23 and forced tightly together, bringing
their external surfaces against the walls of the passage 23 and
their diametrical faces 27 together so closely and over such
lengths as to inhibit flame passage. Each has a semi-cylindrical
groove 25 axially through it, such that when the two members 24 are
together, the two semi-cylindrical slots 25 will form a cylindrical
passage axially through the member.
Each of the wedges 24 has a semi-cylindrical projection 28
extending outwardly from an arcuate shoulder 29. A cap nut 33 fits
over the threaded end 21 of the bushing 19. It has a hole 34 to
receive the projections 28, and it bears against the shoulder
portions 29 to force the wedges inwardly and hence together. A lock
screw 36 may be provided to secure the cap nut 33 in its final
position.
USE
In use, in assembling, the bushing 19 is threaded into the wall,
with the cap nut 33 and the wedges 24 removed. The bulb 16 of the
thermostat is passed through the passage 23 of the bushing 19. The
two wedges 24 are placed around the capillary 15 and are slid into
the conical passage 23 in the bushing 19. As they seat themselves
within that passage 23, they bear upon the capillary 15 so that if
it is bent or otherwise misshapen, they straighten it out. The cap
nut 33 is passed over the sensing element 16, the size of the
opening 34 being large enough to permit this. The nut 33 is
tightened into place, engaging the shoulder 29 and driving the
wedges 24 very tightly into place so that they closely embrace the
capillary 15, closely fit within the tapered opening 23, and have
their faces 27 brought into intimate contact with each other. In
this action, the projections 28 fitting through the opening 34 do
not interfere with the positioning. Finally, the screws 36 are
tightened down.
When the operation is thus completed, there is no flame path along
the capillary because the cylindrical passage formed for it fits it
sufficiently closely and is sufficiently long to meet
flame-proofing standards. Likewise, the fit of the two wedge
members 24 together and into the tapered passage 23 is sufficiently
close and sufficiently long to meet flame-proofing standards.
If the thermostat 10 must be serviced, requiring removal of the
capillary 15 from the box 11, it is necessary only to release the
set screws 36, remove the cap nut 33, withdraw the wedges, and draw
through the passage 23 the capillary, the sensing element passing
through the hole 34 in the cap nut, and through the passage 23.
The invention lends itslf to adaptation to different sizes of
capillary tubes. If desired, a whole substitute assembly of
bushing, wedges and cap nut can be substituted by only a threading
operation. More easily, a different pair of wedges can be
substituted in the same bushing, as the bushing passage 23 is
designed to pass all standard sensing elements. Hence wedges having
grooves 25 of desired dimension can be substituted, the other parts
remaining the same. This permits one box 11 to be used with many
brands of thermostat.
It is evident that the flame-proof fitting can be used to conduct
other elongated devices through walls without flame paths.
Various changes and modifications may be made within this invention
as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Such
changes and modifications are within the scope and teaching of this
invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
* * * * *