U.S. patent number 3,777,384 [Application Number 05/250,824] was granted by the patent office on 1973-12-11 for mechanism for single action firearm.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.. Invention is credited to Lawrence L. Larson, William B. Ruger.
United States Patent |
3,777,384 |
Ruger , et al. |
December 11, 1973 |
MECHANISM FOR SINGLE ACTION FIREARM
Abstract
An improved firing mechanism for a firearm having an external
hammer that is not rotated to its cocked position by the trigger
when the trigger is pulled but which rotates the trigger to its
ready-to-fire position when the hammer is manually cocked. The
improved mechanism comprises a vertically disposed and movable
trigger bar pivotally connected to the trigger, the upper end
portion of the trigger bar being disposed in front of the hammer
and being movable from its lower position to its upper position
when the trigger is rotated from its rest position to its
ready-to-fire position. Trigger bar blocking means engage the upper
end of the trigger bar and prevent upward movement of the trigger
bar when the hammer is at rest, and hammer blocking means engage a
forward facing surface of the hammer and prevent forward movement
of the hammer and firing pin against a cartridge in the chamber
when the trigger is in its lower position. The upper end portion of
the trigger bar is positioned relative to the hammer so that the
hammer and firing pin can strike and fire a cartridge in the
chamber when the trigger bar is in its upper position.
Inventors: |
Ruger; William B. (Southport,
CT), Larson; Lawrence L. (Bethany, CT) |
Assignee: |
Sturm, Ruger & Co. Inc.
(Southport, CT)
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Family
ID: |
22949316 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/250,824 |
Filed: |
May 5, 1972 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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198752 |
Nov 15, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
42/66; 42/65;
42/70.06; 42/70.08 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A
17/74 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41A
17/00 (20060101); F41A 17/74 (20060101); F41c
017/08 (); F41c 001/00 (); F41c 019/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/66,7E,7F,65,69R,69B,41 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Jordan; C. T.
Parent Case Text
RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of the copending application of
Ruger and Larson Ser. No. 198,752, filed Nov. 15, 1971, now
abandoned.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a firearm having an external pivotally mounted hammer that is
adapted to be manually cocked, a trigger pivotally mounted below
the hammer, a cartridge-receiving chamber in front of the hammer, a
firing pin associated with the hammer and mounted in position to
strike and fire a cartridge in the chamber, a cam surface on the
hammer which contacts and rotates the trigger from its rest
position to its ready-to-fire position as the hammer is being
cocked, a sear notch in the hammer, a sear for the trigger, and
spring means which turns the trigger to engage the sear in the sear
notch when the hammer is fully cocked,
the improvement which comprises a vertically disposed and movable
trigger bar pivotally connected to the trigger, the upper end
portion of the trigger bar being disposed in front of the hammer,
said trigger bar being moved vertically from its lower position to
its upper position when the trigger is rotated from its rest
position to its ready-to-fire position, trigger bar blocking means
engaging the upper end of the trigger bar and preventing upward
movement of the trigger bar when the hammer is at rest, and hammer
blocking means engaging the hammer and preventing forward movement
of the hammer and firing pin against a cartridge in the chamber
when the trigger bar is at its lower position, the upper end
portion of the trigger bar being positioned relative to the hammer
so that the hammer and firing pin can strike and fire a cartridge
in the chamber when the trigger bar is at its upper position.
2. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the forward surface of
the hammer is formed with a trigger bar notch, said trigger bar
notch being adapted to receive and engage the upper end of the
trigger bar and to prevent upward movement of the trigger bar when
the hammer is at rest.
3. The firearm according to claim 2 in which the firearm is
provided with a spring loaded plunger that bears against a forward
facing surface of the upper end portion of the trigger bar, said
plunger urging the trigger bar rearwardly so that the upper end
thereof is engaged by the trigger bar notch when the hammer is at
rest.
4. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the firing pin is
mounted independantly in front of the hammer, said firing pin
having a spring which normally presses the firing pin rearwardly
out of contact with a cartridge received in the chamber of the
firearm and having a rearward extension which normally projects
rearwardly into a space directly in front of the hammer, and in
which the upper end of the trigger bar is disposed below the firing
pin when at its lower position and is disposed between the firing
pin and the hammer when at its upper position, said rearward
extension of the firing pin engaging the upper end of the trigger
bar and preventing upward movement of the trigger bar when the
hammer is at rest.
5. The firearm according to claim 4 in which the firearm is
provided with a spring loaded plunger that bears against a forward
facing surface of the upper end portion of the trigger bar, said
plunger urging the trigger bar rearwardly so that the upper end
thereof is disposed rearwardly of the firing pin when the trigger
bar is at its upper position.
6. The firearm according to claim 1 in which the hammer is formed
with a forward facing hammer bearing surface that rests against a
forwardly immovable hammer stop element of the firearm when the
hammer and trigger are at rest with the trigger bar in its lower
position, said forwardly immovable hammer stop element being
positioned longitudinally with respect to the hammer so as to
maintain the hammer and the firing pin associated therewith out of
impacting contact with a cartridge received in the chamber of the
firearm when said hammer bearing surface rests against said
forwardly immovable hammer stop element.
7. The firearm according to claim 6 in which the upper end of the
hammer is provided with a forwardly extending nose portion having a
forward facing surface that comprises the hammer bearing surface of
the hammer, and in which the frame of the firearm is provided with
a rearward facing surface that comprises the hammer stop element of
the firearm, said hammer bearing surface resting on said hammer
stop element when the hammer and trigger are at rest with the
trigger bar in its lower position.
8. The firearm according to claim 7 in which the firing pin is
mounted in the frame of the firearm, in which the hammer has a
firing pin striking surface that is maintained out of contact with
the firing pin when the trigger bar is in its lower position with
the hammer bearing surface of the hammer resting against the hammer
stop element of the firearm, and in which the upper end of the
trigger bar is interposed between the firing pin striking surface
of the hammer and the firing pin when the trigger bar is in its
upper position whereby impact of the firing pin striking surface
against the upper end of the trigger bar is transferred directly to
the firing pin thereby causing the firing pin to strike a cartridge
received in the chamber of the firearm.
9. The firearm according to claim 6 in which the hammer has a
forward facing surface that comprises the hammer bearing surface of
the hammer, and in which the upper end of the trigger bar is
provided with a rearward facing surface that comprises the hammer
stop element of the firearm, said hammer bearing surface resting on
said hammer stop element when the hammer and trigger are at rest
with the trigger bar in its lower position.
10. The firearm according to claim 9 in which the firing pin is
mounted independently in front of the hammer, in which the hammer
has a firing pin striking surface that is maintained out of contact
with the firing pin when the trigger bar is in its lower position
with the hammer bearing surface of the hammer resting against the
hammer stop element of the firearm, and in which the upper end of
the trigger bar is interposed between the firing pin striking
surface of the hammer and the firing pin when the trigger bar is in
its upper position whereby impact of the firing pin striking
surface against the upper end of the trigger bar is transferred
directly to the firing pin thereby causing the firing pin to strike
a cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm.
11. The firearm according to claim 6 in which the firing pin is
mounted independently in front of the hammer, in which the hammer
has a firing pin striking surface and is formed with a trigger bar
notch disposed below said firing pin striking surface, said trigger
bar notch being adapted to receive the upper end of the trigger bar
when the hammer is at rest and being provided with a forward facing
surface that comprises the hammer bearing surface of the hammer,
and in which the upper end of the trigger bar is provided with a
rearward facing surface that comprises the hammer stop element of
the firearm, the firing pin striking surface of the hammer being
maintained out of contact with the firing pin when the trigger bar
is received in the trigger bar notch with the hammer bearing
surface of the hammer resting against the hammer stop element of
the trigger bar.
12. The firearm according to claim 11 in which the forward surface
of the hammer above the trigger bar notch is formed with a
rearwardly extending trigger bar receiving recess of sufficient
depth to permit the firing pin striking surface of the hammer to
impact against the firing pin when the upper end of the trigger bar
is received in said trigger bar receiving recess, and in which the
upper end of the trigger bar is disposed in the trigger bar
receiving recess of the hammer when the trigger bar is in its upper
position whereby impact of the firing pin striking surface against
the firing pin causes the firing pin to strike a cartridge received
in the chamber of the firearm.
13. The firearm according to claim 6 in which the firing pin is
mounted on the upper end of the hammer, in which the forward
surface of the hammer is formed with a trigger bar notch that is
adapted to receive the upper end of the trigger bar when the hammer
is at rest, said trigger bar notch being provided with a forward
facing surface that comprises the hammer bearing surface of the
hammer, in which the upper end of the trigger bar is provided with
a rearward facing surface that comprises the hammer stop element of
the firearm, the firing pin being maintained out of contact with a
cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm when the trigger
bar is in its lower position with the hammer bearing surface of the
hammer resting against the hammer stop element of the trigger bar,
in which the forward surface of the hammer above the trigger bar
notch is formed with a rearwardly extending trigger bar receiving
recess of sufficient depth to permit the firing pin to impact
against a cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm when the
upper end of the trigger bar is received in said trigger bar
receiving recess, and in which the upper end of the trigger bar is
disposed in said trigger bar receiving recess when the trigger bar
is in its upper position whereby the firing pin impacts against a
cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm when the firearm
is fired.
14. The firearm according to claim 3 in which the spring loaded
plunger is mounted on the firearm below the firing pin.
15. The firearm according to claim 5 in which the spring loaded
plunger is mounted on the firearm below the firing pin.
16. The firearm according to claim 3 in which the firearm is
provided with a spring loaded firing pin mounted in the frame of
the firearm, said spring loaded firing pin also serving as the
plunger which urges the upper end of the trigger bar into
engagement with the trigger bar notch.
17. The firearm according to claim 3 in which the firearm comprises
a single action revolver having a frame and a chambered cylinder
rotatably mounted on the frame by means of a cylinder pivot shaft,
and in which the spring loaded plunger is disposed in the rearward
end of the cylinder pivot shaft of the revolver.
18. The firearm according to claim 5 in which the firearm comprises
a single action revolver having a frame and a chambered cylinder
rotatably mounted on the frame by means of a cylinder pivot shaft,
and in which the spring loaded plunger is disposed in the rearward
end of the cylinder pivot shaft of the revolver.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to revolvers and other firearms having an
external hammer, and in particular to an improved mechanism of such
firearms.
2. Prior Art
Firearms of the type to which the present invention relates are
those firearms having an external hammer that must be cocked before
the trigger can be pulled, the hammer being functionally incapable
of being cocked simply by pulling the trigger as is the case with
double action firearms. Such firearms include single action
revolvers, single shot rifles and shotguns of the breakopen type
having an external, manually cocked hammer, lever or pump action
repeating rifles and shotguns having an external hammer that may be
cocked manually or when the action is worked, and similar single
action firearms. All of these firearms share in common an external
hammer having a sear notch that is engaged by the sear of the
trigger when the hammer is cocked. The hammer also has a safety
notch that is engaged by the shear (or some equivalent element) of
the trigger when the hammer is in its safe position out of contact
with a cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm. Thus, the
hammer may be placed in any one of at least three positions --
namely, its firing position at which the hammer and firing pin rest
against a cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm, its
safety position at which the trigger engages the safety notch
formed in the hammer, and its fully cocked position at which the
trigger sear engages the sear notch of the hammer. In addition, in
the case of a single action revolver the hammer is provided with a
loading notch which, when engaged by the trigger, maintains the
hammer in its loading position.
The loaded firearm is normally carried with the hammer in its
"safe" position at which the safety notch of the hammer is engaged
by the trigger. However, the safety notch of the hammer is a point
of mechanical weakness in the design of conventional single action
firearms with consequent danger of accidental discharge of the
firearm if the hammer or trigger are accidentally struck when in
its presumed safe position. It is the purpose of the present
invention to provide a new and accident proof safety and firing
mechanism for single action firearms which eliminates the
potentially dangerous safety notch of such conventional
firearms.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The improved safety mechanism of the invention is applicable to
firearms having an external pivotally mounted hammer that is
adapted to be manually cocked, a trigger pivotally mounted below
the hammer, a cylindrical member (for example, a rifle barrel or
the rotatable cylinder of a revolver) mounted in front of the
hammer and having at least one chamber that is adapted to receive a
cartridge, and a firing pin associated with the hammer and mounted
in position to strike a cartridge received in the chamber when the
firearm is fired. The hammer cannot be cocked simply by pulling the
trigger; it must be cocked manually either with the users thumb or,
in the case of a repeating firearm, by operating the action of the
firearm. However, the hammer is formed with a cam surface which
contacts the trigger and causes the trigger to rotate from its rest
position to its ready-to-fire position when the hammer is manually
cocked as described. The trigger has a sear which releasably
engages the sear notch of the hammer when the hammer is cocked,
spring means turning the trigger to engage the sear in the sear
notch when the hammer is fully cocked.
In accordance with the invention a vertically disposed and
vertically movable trigger bar is pivotally connected to the
trigger, the upper end portion of the trigger bar being disposed in
front of the hammer and the trigger bar being moved vertically from
its lower position to its upper position when the trigger is
rotated from its rest position to its ready-to-fire position.
Trigger bar blocking means engage the upper end of the trigger bar
and prevent upward movement of the trigger bar when the hammer is
at rest, and hammer blocking means engage a forward facing surface
of the hammer and prevent forward movement of the hammer and firing
pin against a cartridge in the chamber when the trigger is in its
lower position. The upper end portion of the trigger bar is
positioned relative to the hammer so that the hammer and firing pin
can strike and fire a cartridge in the chamber when the trigger bar
is in its upper position.
The trigger bar blocking means advantageously comprises a trigger
bar notch formed in the forward surface of the hammer, the upper
end of the trigger bar being received in the trigger bar notch when
the hammer is at rest and the trigger bar is at its lower position.
Alternatively, when the firing pin is a separate spring-loaded part
mounted in the frame immediately to the rear of the cartridge
receiving chamber, the trigger bar blocking means advantageously
comprises a rearward extension of the firing pin that engages the
upper end of and prevents upward movement of the trigger bar when
the hammer is at rest.
The hammer blocking means advantageously comprises a forwardly
facing hammer bearing surface of the hammer that rests against a
forwardly immovable hammer stop element of the firearm when the
hammer and trigger are at rest with the trigger bar in its lower
position. The forwardly immovable hammer stop element is positioned
longitudinally with respect to the hammer so as to maintain the
hammer and the firing pin associated therewith out of impacting
contact with a cartridge received in the chamber of the firearm
when said hammer bearing surface rests against said forwardly
immovable hammer stop element. In one advantageous embodiment of
the invention, the upper end of the hammer is provided with a
forwardly extended nose portion having a forwardly facing surface
that comprises the hammer bearing surface of the hammer, the frame
or receiver of the firearm being provided with a rearward facing
surface that comprises the hammer stop element of the firearm. In
another embodiment of the invention, the trigger bar notch of the
hammer is formed with a forward facing surface that comprises the
hammer bearing surface of the hammer, the upper end of the trigger
bar being provided with a rearward facing surface that comprises
the forwardly immovable hammer stop element of the firearm.
The improved firing mechanism of the invention eliminates the
mechanically weak and potentially dangerous safety notch of
conventional single action firearms providing in place thereof
positive means for preventing accidentical discharge of the firearm
either by striking the hammer or by pulling the trigger. Other
advantages of our new mechanism will become apparent from the
following detailed description thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The improved firing mechanism of the invention will be better
understood from the following description thereof in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is an enlarged right hand side elevation, partly broken
away, of a single action firearm (specifically, a single action
revolver) provided with an advantageous embodiment of the safety
mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a left hand side elevation, partly broken away, of the
firearm of FIG. 1 showing the firing mechanism in its cocked
position;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the safety and firing
mechanism of the firearm of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a right hand side elevation, partly broken away, of a
single action firearm that is provided with a modified form of the
safety mechanism showing the mechanism in its rest or safe
position;
FIG. 6 is a right hand side elevation, partly broken away, showing
the firing mechanism of FIG. 5 in its firing position;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view along line 7--7 of FIG. 6;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are fragmentary sectional views of another
modification of the firing mechanism of the invention;
FIGS. 10 and 11 are fragmentary sectional views of yet another
modification of the firing mechanism of the invention, the firing
pin being mounted in the frame of the firearm;
FIG. 12 is an exploded sectional view of the hammer and trigger bar
of the firing mechanism shown in FIGS. 10 and 11;
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification of the
firing mechanism shown in FIG. 10 in which the firing pin is
mounted on the hammer;
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary sectional view of a modification of the
firing mechanism in which the trigger bar blocking means comprises
the rearward end portion of the firing pin;
FIG. 15 is a fragmentary sectional view of the modification of FIG.
14 showing the firing mechanism in its cocked position, and
FIG. 16 is a sectional view along line 16--16 of FIG. 15.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The improved mechanism of the present invention may be used in
connection with all single action firearms having an external
hammer that must be cocked before the trigger can be pulled. As
previously noted, such single action firearms include, but are not
limited to, single action revolvers, single shot rifles and
shotguns of the breakopen type having an external hammer, and lever
or pump action repeating rifles and shotguns having an external
hammer that may be cocked manually or when the action is worked.
However, in the interest of simplifying the description, the
invention will be described in connection with a single action
revolver of essentially conventional construction.
The major components of the single action revolver embodying the
firing mechanism of the invention include a frame 1, a barrel 2
secured to the frame, a cylinder 3 rotatably mounted on the frame
by means of the cylinder pivot shaft 4, a hammer 5 pivotally
mounted on the fame by means of the hammer pivot pin 6, a trigger 7
pivotally mounted on the frame by means of a trigger pivot pin 8, a
trigger guard 9, and hand grips 10. The cylinder 3 is formed with a
plurality of cartridge receiving chambers 11, each chamber of the
cylinder successively being held in alignment with the bore of the
barrel 2 when the pivoted cylinder latch 12 successively engages
the cylinder notches 13 formed in the cylinder 3. A firing pin 14
is mounted in position to strike a cartridge 15 contained in the
uppermost chamber 11 of the cylinder 3 when the revolver is fired.
The firing pin may be mounted in the frame 1 as exemplified by the
spring loaded firing pin 14a shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, or it may be
mounted on the upper end of the hammer 5 as exemplified by the
firing pin 14b shown in FIG. 13 of the drawings. An ejector rod 16
is provided for ejecting spent cartridges from the chambers of the
cylinder 3, the ejector rod being contained in an ejector rod
housing 17 mounted on one side of the barrel 2.
Referring now to the single action revolver shown in FIGS. 1
through 4 of the drawing, FIG. 1 shows the revolver with the hammer
5, the trigger 7 and the parts associated therewith in their rest
or safe position, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show the hammer, trigger and
parts associated therewith when the hammer is in its cocked
position. The hammer 5 is formed with a cam surface 18 that
contacts the trigger arm 19 of the trigger 7 when the hammer is
rotated from its rest position to its cocked position, thereby
causing the trigger to rotate from its rest position to its
ready-to-fire position. As the trigger 7 is rotated from its rest
position to its ready-to-fire position the spring loaded cylinder
latch release plunger 20 contacts and mementarily depresses the toe
portion 21 of the cylinder latch 12, thereby momentarily
withdrawing the cylinder latch 12 from engagement with the notch 13
formed in the cylinder 3. A cylinder pawl 23 is pivotally mounted
on the hammer 5 by means of the pin or stud 24. The upper end of
the cylinder pawl 23 engages the cylinder ratchet 25 at the
rearward end of the cylinder 3, thereby causing the cylinder to
rotate when the hammer 5 is rotated to its cocked position shown in
FIG. 2. When the hammer and trigger are in their ready-to-fire
positions the sear 27 of the trigger is received in the sear notch
28 of the hammer, the sear 27 being urged into engagement with the
sear notch 28 by the pressure of the spring loaded plunger 30
against the trigger 7. When the trigger 7 is pulled, the sear 27
moves forwardly out of engagement with the sear notch 28, thereby
allowing the hammer 5 to spring forwardly under the pressure of the
hammer spring and hammer spring strut 32.
The hammer of a conventional single action revolver is formed with
a safety notch that is engaged by the sear (or some equivalent
element) of the trigger when the hammer is in its safe position. In
contrast to this conventional arrangement the single action firing
mechanism of the invention is provided with a vertically disposed
trigger bar 34 that is pivotally connected by a pin or stud 35 to a
rearwardly extending trigger bar lifting arm 36 of the trigger 7.
The upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar 34 is disposed in front
of the hammer 5 between the hammer and frame 1 of the revolver, the
trigger bar 34 being movable vertically from its lower position
shown in FIG. 1 to its upper position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 when
the trigger 7 is rotated from its rest position to its
ready-to-fire position as previously described. When the hammer 5
is at rest and the trigger bar 34 is at its lower position as shown
in FIGS. 1, 5, 8, 10, 13 and 14, trigger bar blocking means engage
the upper end portion 37 and prevent upward movement of the trigger
bar 34 and rotation of the trigger 7 even when the trigger 7 is
strongly pulled. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS.
1 through 13, the trigger bar blocking means comprises a trigger
bar notch 38 formed in the forward surface of the hammer 5, the
upper end of the trigger bar 34 being received in and engaged by
the trigger bar notch 38 when the hammer and trigger are at rest
with the trigger bar in its lower position. In the embodiment of
the invention shown in FIGS. 14 through 16, the trigger bar
blocking means comprises the rearward end of the spring loaded
firing pin 14 which engages the upper end of the trigger bar 34
when the hammer 5 is at rest as hereinafter more fully
explained.
When the hammer 5 and trigger 7 are at their rest positions as
shown in FIGS. 1, 5, 8, 10, 13 and 14, hammer blocking means hold
the hammer 5 and the firing pin 14 associated therewith out of
impacting contact against a cartridge 15 received in the uppermost
chamber 11 of the cylinder 3. That is to say, the hammer is formed
with a forwardly facing hammer bearing surface that rests against a
forwardly immovable hammer stop surface or element of the firearm,
the hammer stop element being positioned longitudinally with
respect to the hammer resting thereagainst so as to prevent
impacting contact of the hammer and firing pin against a cartridge
received in the cylinder. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1
through 9 and FIGS. 14 through 16, the hammer 5 is provided with a
forwardly extending nose portion 40 the forward facing surface 41
of which comprises the aforesaid hammer bearing surface, and the
frame 1 is provided with a rearward facing surface 42 which
comprises the aforesaid hammer stop element of the safety
mechanism. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 through 13, the
trigger bar notch 38 of the hammer 5 has a forwardly facing hammer
bearing surface 41a which rests against the rearwardly facing
hammer stop surface 42a of the trigger bar 34 as hereinafter more
fully described.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 through 4, the
upper end of the trigger bar 34 is urged into engagement with the
trigger bar notch 38 by means of the spring loaded plunger 39
located in the rearward end of the cylinder pivot shaft 4. When the
trigger bar 34 is received in the trigger bar notch 38 upward
movement of the trigger bar, and rotation of the trigger to its
ready-to-fire position, are prevented. Moreover, impacting contact
of the hammer 5 and the associated firing pin 14 against a
cartridge in the cylinder 3 is also prevented. When the hammer 5 is
rotated from its rest position shown in FIG. 1 to its cocked
position shown in FIG. 2, the upper end of the trigger bar 34 is
freed from engagement with the trigger bar notch 38, thereby
allowing the trigger bar 34 to move upwardly as the trigger is
rotated by the hammer 5 from its rest position to its ready-to-fire
position in the manner previously described. When the trigger 7
reaches its ready-to-fire position as shown in FIG. 2, the upper
end portion 37 of the trigger bar 34 is disposed directly in back
of the spring loaded firing pin 14. When the trigger 7 is pulled to
disengage the sear 27 and thereby release the hamer 5, the hammer
springs forward until the striking surface 44 of the hammer strikes
the upper end of the trigger bar 34, the impact of the hammer
against the trigger bar being transferred to the firing pin 14
which, in turn, strikes and fires the cartridge 15 received in the
upper chamber 11 of the cylinder 3.
It will be seen from the foregoing description that when the hammer
5 and trigger 7 are at their rest positions with the upper end of
the trigger bar 34 received in the trigger bar notch 38, the hammer
5 and firing pin 14 are maintained out of impacting contact against
a cartridge received in the uppermost chamber of the cylinder 3.
Moreover, rotation of the trigger 7 with consequent upward movement
of the trigger bar 34 is prevented so that the upper end portion 37
of the trigger bar 34 cannot be accidentally interposed between the
striking surface 44 of the hammer and the firing pin 14. This
provides a positive and accident proof safety mechanism for the
single action firearms to which the invention relates.
In the modification of the invention shown in FIGS. 5 through 7 of
the drawings, the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar 34 is
provided with a notch engaging shoulder 46 and upper extension 47.
When the hammer 5 and trigger 7 are at rest with the trigger bar 34
in its lower position as shown in FIG. 5, the spring loaded firing
pin 14 contacts the upper extension 47 of the trigger bar. The
pressure of the firing pin 14 against the upper extension 47 urges
the notch engaging shoulder 46 of the trigger bar 34 into
engagement with the trigger bar notch 38 of the hammer in the same
manner as the spring loaded plunger 39 functions in the previously
described modification of the invention. In addition, the hammer
bearing surface 41 of the nose portion 40 of the hammer rests
against the forwardly immovable hammer stop element 42 of the
frame, thereby preventing impacting contact of the hammer 5 and
firing pin 14 against a cartridge received in the upper chamber of
the cylinder 3. When the hammer 5 is at its fired position with the
trigger bar 34 in its upper position as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the
striking surface 44 of the hammer impacts against the upper end
portion 37 of the trigger bar 34, the impact of the hammer against
the trigger bar being transferred to the firing pin 14 which, in
turn, strikes and fires the cartridge 15 received in the upper
chamber 11 of the cylinder 3.
In the modification of the invention shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the
spring loaded firing pin 14 again is utilized to urge the upper end
of the trigger bar 34 into engagement with the trigger bar notch 38
of the hammer 5. Thus, when the hammer 5 (and the trigger 7) are at
rest with the trigger bar 34 in its lower position, as shown in
FIG. 8, the upper end of the trigger bar is received in the trigger
bar notch 38 and the hammer bearing surface 41 of the hammer rests
against the hammer stop element 42 of the frame in the manner
previously described. When the hammer 5 is at its fired position
with the trigger bar 34 in its upper position as shown in FIG. 9,
the striking surface 44 of the hammer impacts against the upper end
portion 37 of the trigger bar, the impact of the hammer against the
trigger bar being transferred to the firing pin 14 which, in turn,
strikes and fires the cartridge 15 received in the upper chamber of
the cylinder 3.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 10 through 12 of
the drawings, the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar 34 not
only serves to prevent the trigger 7 from being pulled when it is
received in the trigger bar notch 38 of the hammer 5, but it also
serves as the forwardly immovable hammer stop element of the
firearm which prevents impacting contact of the hammer against the
firing pin 14a. That is to say, the trigger bar notch 38 of the
hammer 5 has a forwardly facing surface 41a which rests against the
rearwardly facing surface 42a of the portion 37 of the trigger bar
34 when the trigger bar is received in the trigger bar notch 38,
the forwardly facing surface 41a comprising the aforementioned
hammer bearing surface of the hammer and the rearward facing
surface 42a comprising the aforementioned forwardly immovable
hammer stop element of the firearm. When the hammer 5 and trigger 7
are in their ready-to-fire positions with the trigger bar 34 its
upper position, the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar may be
interposed between the striking surface 44 of the hammer and the
firing pin 14a in the manner previously described in connection
with modifications of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 through 9 of
the drawings. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 10 through 12 of the
drawings, the forward surface of the hammer 5 above the trigger bar
notch 38 may be formed with a trigger bar receiving recess 49 that
is adapted to receive the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar
34 when the trigger bar is in its upper position. The rearwardly
extending trigger bar receiving recess 49 is of sufficient
longitudinal depth so that when the upper end portion 37 of the
trigger bar 34 is received in the recess 49 the striking surface 44
of the hammer 5 can impact against the firing pin 14a as shown in
FIG. 11.
In the modification shown in FIG. 13, the firing pin 14b is secured
to the upper end of the hammer 5 by means of the pin 50. When the
hammer 5 (and the trigger 7) are at rest with the trigger bar 34 in
its lower position, the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar 34
is received in and is engaged by the trigger bar notch 38 of the
hammer. In addition, the forwardly facing hammer bearing surface
41a of the hammer rests against the hammer stop element 42a of the
firearm (that is, the rearwardly facing surface 42a of the upper
end of the trigger bar 34), thereby maintaining the firing pin 14b
out ofimpacting of impacting with the cartridge 15 received in the
cylinder 3. When the trigger bar 34 is in its upper position, the
upper end portion 37 thereof is received in the trigger bar
receiving recess 49 of the hammer, thereby permitting the hammer 5
and firing pin 14b to impact against the cartridge 15 in the
cylinder 3.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 14 through 16,
the rearward extension 52 of the spring loaded firing pin 14 serves
as the trigger bar blocking means of the revolver. That is to say,
the firing pin 14 is mounted in the frame 1 in position to strike a
cartridge 15 received in the uppermost chamber 11 of the cylinder
3, the firing pin being provided with a spring which normally
maintains the forward or cartridge striking end of the firing pin
out of contact with the cartridge 15, the firing pin having a
rearward extension 52 which projects into the space immediately in
front of the hammer 5. When the hammer 5 is at rest as shown in
FIG. 14, the hammer is held out of impacting contact against the
rearward extension of the firing pin by the hammer blocking means
which, as previously described, is comprised of the forwardly
facing hammer bearing surface 41 of the hammer and the rearwardly
facing hammer stop surface 42 of the frame. The hammer 5 is not
formed with a trigger bar notch 38 which in the previously
described embodiments serves as the trigger bar blocking means when
the hammer is at rest. Instead, the rearward extension 52 of the
firing pin 14 prevents upward movement of the trigger bar 34 when
the hammer 5 is at rest as clearly shown in FIG. 14.
When the hammer 5 and trigger 7 are rotated from their rest
positions as shown in FIG. 14 to their ready-to-fire positions as
shown in FIG. 15, the trigger bar 34 is moved upwardly by the
trigger bar lifting arm 36, spring loaded plunger 39 in the
cylinder pivot shaft 4 pressing the trigger bar 34 rearwardly so
that its upper end portion 37 will clear the rearward extension 52
of the firing pin as the hammer is cocked. When the hammer is fully
cocked, the sear 27 of the trigger 7 engages the sear notch of the
hammer, and the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar is disposed
between the rearward extension 52 of the firing pin and the
striking surface of the hammer 5 as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. When
the trigger 7 is pulled, the sear 27 is withdrawn from engagement
with the sear notch 28, thereby allowing the hammer 5 to spring
forward to strike the upper end portion 37 of the trigger bar
which, in turn, transmits the impact of the falling hammer to the
firing pin 14.
* * * * *