U.S. patent number 3,764,984 [Application Number 05/221,695] was granted by the patent office on 1973-10-09 for information coding system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to George W. Benz. Invention is credited to James S. McCartney.
United States Patent |
3,764,984 |
McCartney |
October 9, 1973 |
INFORMATION CODING SYSTEM
Abstract
A multiple coding system in which a large number of different
types of remote sensing units may be monitored by a single station,
each sensing unit being identified by its unique code signal. The
code signal is produced by generating a series of marker pulses in
which only a predetermined combination of the pulses are followed
by a code pulse. The monitoring station interprets the
predetermined combination as a series of binary numbers identifing
the sensing unit, decodes the binary numbers to decimal numbers,
and displays the numbers on a panel.
Inventors: |
McCartney; James S. (Roseville,
MN) |
Assignee: |
Benz; George W. (St. Paul,
MN)
|
Family
ID: |
22828941 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/221,695 |
Filed: |
January 28, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/525; 340/531;
340/593; 340/546; 340/539.1; 340/521 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G08B
25/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G08B
25/10 (20060101); G08b 023/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/168S,412
;343/225 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Habecker; Thomas B.
Claims
I claim:
1. A coding system comprising in combination:
remote condition sensing switch means;
marker pulse generating means connected to and operable to be
activated by said condition sensing means;
coded shiftable gating means;
first delay means connected between said marker pulse generating
means and said coded shiftable gating means operable to pass with
some delay the pulses to said coded gating means, said coding means
connected to pass at least some of the pulses from said generating
means in a predetermined coded sequence;
a monitoring station;
transmission means between said gating means and said monitoring
station so as to transmit the pulses therebetween;
analyzing means in said monitoring station operable to determine
which of the marker pulses is followed by a delayed pulse; and
decoding means in said monitoring station connected to said
analyzing means and operable to display in an understandable form
the particular remote condition sensing means which is
activated.
2. The system of claim 1 in which said coded shiftable gating means
comprises a gate activated by some of the outputs of a shift
register said shift register being advanced by the delayed pulses
from said first delay means.
3. The system of claim 2 in which said analyzing means comprises a
coincident pulse operable gate connected to receive marker pulses
from said transmission means directly and through a second delay
means.
4. The system of claim 3 including a second shift register advanced
by marker pulses from said transmission means and operable to open
a series of gates to pass pulses from said coincident pulse
operable gate so as to activate a series of electronic
switches.
5. The system of claim 4 in which said decoding means comprises
trigger circuit means operable to pass the outputs of said
electronic switches to a binary to decimal decoder at the end of
the scan of said second shift register over said series of
gates.
6. The system of claim 5 including further a display panel having
indicator means thereon connected to said decoder to show the
decoded number represented by the outputs of said electronic
switches.
7. The system of claim 6 including second trigger means connected
to said second shift register and to a third shift register to
advance said third shift register, said third shift register
changing the output of said decoder to different indicator means on
said display panel upon the completion of each scan by said second
shift register.
8. The system of claim 7 in which said transmission means comprises
radio transmitter and receivers.
9. The system of claim 7 in which said indicator means comprises
lights controlled by electronic switches which are in turn
activated by gates controlled by said decoder.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The first application of the present invention functions to permit
a complete monitoring of a very large building or a group of
buildings or even a complex like a shopping center by a single
guard by providing a portable system wherein remote sensing devices
can be positioned throughout a building in large numbers and
connected to one or more monitoring and decoding stations. A unique
coding arrangement enables the monitoring station to identify each
remote sensing unit by location and type and as a consequence
several varities of sensing units can be connected to monitor any
desired condition. However, all of the units may be connected to
the monitoring station by a single transmission means. This
transmission means may comprise, for example, a radio link, a
direct electrical wire connecting all of the remote sensing units,
a flashing light laser, hydraulic or pneumatic connection. It is
contemplated that hundreds of sensing units could be used in a
large building to monitor such factors as temperature, by means of
a thermostat, or unauthorized movement or entry by means of a
thermostat, or unauthorized movement or entry by means of
ultrasonic detection devices or movement on a television screen.
Water levels, pressures, and overloaded electrical circuits are
other examples of conditions that may be monitored. Furthermore, a
completely unique code need not be devised for every single sensing
unit since the method of coding used by my invention allows all the
alarms of a particular type to be similarly coded except for minor
differences in one portion of the code to identify the particular
unit. Thus, my invention allows a single guard to keep track of
detailed conditions throughout an extremely large building or
complex with a minimum of electronic circuitry and connections.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, in my invention the remote sensing units are connected to
generate a series of spaced marker pulses when they are activated.
These marker pulses can be transmitted by radio, direct wire or
other means to the monitoring station or stations. Preferably all
encoding units and decoding units are battery powered. The marker
pulses are slightly delayed to form code pulses and these code
pulses are gated to the transmission means by means of a shift
register. However, the shift register is connected on only some of
its outputs so that code pulses follow only some of the marker
pulses in a predetermined combination. The particular combination
of marker pulses followed by code pulses is unique for each sensing
unit so that each sensing unit can be identified by the monitoring
unit. Thus, each alarm unit is coded simply by making the correct
connections from the shift register to the transmission means. It
may be seen that it is an object of my invention to provide a
simplified coding system for a large scale alarm and sensing system
operable to monitor a great number of differing factors. Further
objects and advantages will become apparent upon consideration of
the following description and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electronic circuitry of the
sensing unit portion of my invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electronic circuitry of the
monitoring station showing how the coded pulses are analyzed to
determine their exact source and the type of difficulty.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In FIG. 1 an alarm sensing unit 10 is shown which is designed to
respond to whatever condition it is monitoring by switching on a
pulse generator 12. As mentioned before alarm sensing unit 10 may
be a thermostat sensing temperature, or an intrusion detecting
device using ultrasonic devices, or a door mounted switch, or any
other suitable device for monitoring a variety of conditions of
interest. Once activated, pulse generator 12 continues to generate
a series of pulses which are relayed to a transmitter 14 and
broadcast through an antenna 16. Radio transmission is described in
the preferred embodiment as an example only and it should be
understood that the pulses could be relayed to the monitoring
station of FIG. 2 by means of a direct electrical connection or
other means.
The marker pulses are also directed to a delay circuit 18 to form
code pulses. The code pulses are presented to a Schmitt trigger 22
and a gate 20. Schmitt trigger 22 causes the shift register 24 to
progress to each of its successive outputs as each pulse is
received. However, not all of the outputs of the shift register 24
are connected to line 26 and to gate 20. Consequently, only some of
the code pulses from delay circuit 18 are allowed to pass through
gate 20 to be transmitted by transmitter 14. The particular marker
pulses that are followed by code pulses are determined by whichever
of the outputs of shift register 24 are connected to line 26. A
typical connection pattern is shown in FIG. 1.
Shift register 24 has 16 outputs and for the purposes of the
preferred embodiment they are divided into four groups of four
outputs each. The first four outputs, on the left, are arbitrarily
selected to represent in binary form the first digit of the floor
number upon which alarm sensing unit 10 is located. The second
group of four outputs is selected to represent the second digit of
the floor number. The third group of four outputs may be connected
to represent the type of sensing unit 10 to which it is connected
while the last four units can be selected to represent which
particular unit among those of that type is being activated.
In the first four groups of outputs only the third output is
connected to line 26. Using binary type coding the four outputs
represent the numerals 1, 2, 4 and 8. This means that the first
digit of the floor upon which sensing unit 10 is located is 4. In
the second group of four outputs the first and second outputs are
both connected which means that the second digit is a 3. Thus,
alarm sensing unit 10 is identified as being on the 43rd floor. In
the third group of four outputs the second and third outputs are
connected indicating that the sensing unit is the type of sensing
unit identified by the number 6 which could be, for example, an
open door switch to detect unauthorized entry. In the last group of
four outputs from shift register 24 only the second output is
connected indicating that the particular door which is being opened
is the door designated number 2. It is readily apparent that in the
arrangement shown in the preferred embodiment 9,999 different alarm
units could be identified by the same monitoring station. As shift
register 24 reaches its last output a signal follows a line 25 to
pulse generator 12 to turn off the pulse generator since the coded
signal is complete.
The coded signal from transmitter 14 is received by a radio
receiver 28 and antenna 30. The marker pulses from pulse generator
12 received by receiver 28 are presented to an AND gate 32. The
pulses are also delayed by a Schmitt trigger delay circuit 34
producing delayed pulses which are presented to AND gate 32. Thus,
if a particular marker pulse is followed by a code pulse, that code
pulse is presented to gate 32 at the same time as its delayed
marker pulse from Schmitt trigger 34. The coincident arrival causes
a pulse to be generated by AND gate 32 which opens four gates
numbered 38 through 41. As each of the marker pulses is received
they are also presented by means of a Schmitt trigger 43 to a shift
register 45 which moves from output to output in a fashion similar
to shift register 24. The output of tirgger 43 comprises prolonged
pulses long enough to still be on when any code pulses are received
so that trigger 43 ignores the code pulses. Thus, as the first four
marker pulses are received, gates 38 through 41 are sequentially
opened to pass any pulses from gate 32 indicating that a code pulse
was transmitted. Thus, one or more electronic switches, which could
comprise silicon controlled rectifiers numbered 60 through 63 are
turned on indicating the particular completed connections in the
first four outputs of shift register 24 in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2 when
shift register 45 reaches its fourth output that signal is also
presented to a pair of Schmitt triggers 50 and 52. Schmitt trigger
50 signals a latching circuit 47 to pass the information from the
four SCR circuits to a binary to decimal decoder 56. At the same
time Schmitt trigger 50 also causes a clearing relay 58 to cut the
power to the four SCR circuits 60 through 63 so as to erase the
information stored from the first four pulses. Shift register 45 is
then free to recycle four outputs from shift register 24 in FIG. 1.
At the end of the second scan decoder 56 again analyzes the four
outputs from latch circuit 47 and decodes them into decimal form.
The scan is repeated twice more to accommodate the remaining eight
marker pulses from shift register 24.
Decoder 56 is connected by means of a cable 81 to four groups of 10
gates each numbered 70 through 73. In the binary system four
outputs could represent a number as high as 16 but in the
embodiment shown only ten decimal positions are needed. The number
represented by the first four pulses, which in this case is 4, is
presented through cable 81 to the fourth gate in each of the groups
of ten gates 70 through 73 which gate is connected through an
electronic switch or SCR circuit to the fourth light bulb in each
row of lights 88, 89, 90 and 91 on a display panel 80. In this case
only the particular fourth gate in the group of ten gates 70 will
be opened because, for the first four pulses from shift register
24, shift register 54 is activating only gates 70. After shift
register 45 completes its scan and activates Schmitt trigger 52
shift register 54 advances to the next output which deactivates the
group of gates 70 and activates the group of gates 71. Information
can now pass only through the second group of SCR's 77 to the
second row of lights 89 on board 80. When shift register 45 again
completes its scan corresponding to the second group of four
outputs from shift register 24, Schmitt trigger 52 again advances
shift register 54 to the next output and opens the group of ten
gates designated 72 in FIG. 2.
The signals from the groups of gates 70 through 73 is transferred
to board 80 and the groups of lights thereon through electronic
switches or silicon control rectifiers numbered 76 through 79. The
SCR circuits remain on once activated so that the code is held on
display board 80 for as long as the guard monitoring the station
needs the information. As can be seen the first group of ten lights
88 are controlled by another group of ten electronic switches which
comprise in the preferred embodiment ten SCR's 76. Following the
example described already the fourth light is lit. In the second
group of lights 89 controlled by SCR's 77 the third light is lit.
Thus the guard may easily read that the alarm unit is on the 43rd
floor as described with respect to FIG. 1. The group of lights 90
on board 80 controlled by SCR's 78 tell the guard that the number
six type of alarm is involved, corresponding to an unauthorized
entry while the number two light in the group of lights 91 indicate
that it is the second door on the 43rd floor which is open. Once
the guard has determined this information he may cause an
inspection to be made to determine the cause of the triggering of
the alarm sensing unit 10. He may then clear the system by means of
an activation switch 65 which is connected to the silicon
controlled rectifier circuits 76 through 79 so as to turn off the
SCR circuits and again blank the board 80 so that the system is
ready to receive future alarm signals.
* * * * *