U.S. patent number 3,747,751 [Application Number 05/162,945] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-24 for shipping and cleaning box.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Teledyne Mid-America Corporation. Invention is credited to Henry S. Darlington, James H. Miller.
United States Patent |
3,747,751 |
Miller , et al. |
July 24, 1973 |
SHIPPING AND CLEANING BOX
Abstract
A plastic box preferably of transparent dielectric material for
shipping and cleaning collapsible tubes with or without caps.
Between the bottom and the top of the box, which telescopes
together, a plastic separator is located which forms separator
walls and compartments for the individual tubes side by side and in
vertical position. The bottom of the box on its bottom wall
preferably has recesses.
Inventors: |
Miller; James H. (Cherry Hill,
NJ), Darlington; Henry S. (Aston, PA) |
Assignee: |
Teledyne Mid-America
Corporation (Chester, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
22587779 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/162,945 |
Filed: |
July 15, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/277; 206/564;
206/565; 220/507; 220/512; 220/528 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
11/188 (20130101); B65D 25/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
25/04 (20060101); B65d 001/36 (); B65d
071/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;206/17.5,43,65R,65A,72
;220/20,22,23,23.83,97C,97F,4B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
556,712 |
|
Feb 1960 |
|
BE |
|
721,113 |
|
Nov 1965 |
|
CA |
|
6,613,590 |
|
Mar 1967 |
|
NL |
|
Primary Examiner: Ross; Herbert F.
Assistant Examiner: Lipman; Steven E.
Claims
Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and
desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A plastic box for shipping unfilled collapsible tubes, which
consists of a first box portion receiving collapsible tubes side by
side and having a bottom wall, side walls, and a rim, a separator
which rests on the first portion having a flange surrounding the
rim of the first portion and having a plurality of separate walls
each of which is attached to receive and laterally guide a
collapsible tube, a second box portion resting on the separator,
having a flange which surrounds the separator flange and the rim on
the first box portion, having a top wall and side walls and
receiving a portion of each collapsible tube in side by side
relation, the separator flange extending over and gripping the rim
on the first box portion and locking the separator to the first box
portion removably, the second box portion having a flange which
extends over and removably locks on the flange of the separator,
holding the parts of the box together, the tubes having tips, a
plurality of dome-shaped recesses in one of the first or second box
portions receiving the tips in the individual collapsible tubes and
retaining the tubes in position, a plurality of dome-shaped
projections adjoining the dome-shaped recesses, the dome-shaped
projections guiding the tips of the collapsible tubes into the
recesses, a plurality of dome-shaped projections in one of the
first and second box portions which extend into the open ends of
the collapsible tubes and lock them, the separator walls around the
individual collapsible tubes being elongated vertically to give
depth of section to the separator, the first box portion, the
second box portion and the separator being of plastic free from
fibrous dust.
Description
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
The invention relates to plastic boxes for shipping and cleaning
collapsible tubes preferably fitted with caps on their tips and to
processes of shipping and cleaning collapsible tubes.
While the objects contained within the box are described herein as
collapsible tubes, it will be understood that any equivalent
container may be shipped within the box.
A purpose of the invention is to imprison a separator having
compartments for individual collapsible tubes between a bottom and
a top of a plastic box in which the bottom and the top are in
telescopic relation, so that depending on whether the bottom is in
its normal lower position or is located uppermost, or the top is in
its normal uppermost position or is located under the bottom, in
either case the uppermost portion, the top or the bottom, can be
removed and the tubes can be taken out and inserted with their open
ends up or their caps up as desired.
A further purpose is to place recesses in the bottom wall of the
bottom to receive the tips and domes in the top wall of the top to
receive the open bottoms of the tubes and thus guide both ends of
the tubes.
A further purpose is to guide the tips into the recesses by domes
located in the bottom wall of the bottom.
A further purpose is to extend a flange on the separator around the
rim at the top of the side wall of the bottom of the box and to
extend a flange on the side wall of the top of the box over the rim
so that the separator is restrained vertically by the rim on the
bottom of the box and a step portion of flange on the top of the
box.
A further purpose is to restrain the flange of the separator
against leaving the top by detents on the inner part of the flange
of the top of the box.
A further purpose is to apply an electrostatic charge to a
dielectric plastic making up the wall of the box to divert
particles of dust to the box wall when the collapsible tubes are
cleaned.
Further purposes appear in the specification and in the claims.
In the drawings we have chosen to illustrate one embodiment of our
invention which is preferred, and which illustrates the invention
most simply, and effectively.
FIG. 1 is a central vertical section, partly broken away and partly
in elevation, of the box bottom of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary top plan view of the box bottom and
separator, with a tube in place.
FIG. 3 is a central vertical section, partially broken and partly
in elevation of the box bottom and separator.
FIG. 4 is a side elevation, partially in section, and partially
broken away, of the box bottom and separator with a collapsible
tube and cap in place.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation partially in central vertical section
and partially broken away of the complete box of the invention
including the box top, showing a collapsible tube and cap in
place.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary top plan view of the complete box of the
invention partially in horizontal middle section.
FIG. 7 is a side elevation partially in central vertical section
and partially broken away of the inverted box top having a
collapsible tube in place and about to be withdrawn for
cleaning.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7 showing the insertion of a
collapsible tube after cleaning, the tube being partially broken
away.
FIG. 9 is a side elevation partially in central vertical section
and partially broken away showing the complete box inverted.
FIG. 10 is a central vertical section showing the nesting of the
box tops.
FIG. 11 is a central vertical section showing the nesting of the
box bottoms.
FIG. 12 is a central vertical section showing the nesting of the
separators.
FIG. 13 is a fragmentary vertical section of an assembled box
showing a variation in the form shown in other embodiments.
In the prior art, collapsible tubes are normally produced having a
threaded tip, to which a cap is applied, and having an open end
through which in many cases the tubes will later be filled. At one
time it was the almost universal practice to ship the empty
collapsible tubes in cardboard boxes. More recently, there has been
a demand for removal of particles of foreign matter from
collapsible tubes of many different types. Originally, this arose
in collapsible tubes which were to be filled with ophthalmic
preparations. It was established that fine particles of the tube
metal such as aluminum, tin or lead and particles of dust which
were abrasive were a possible cause in eye irritation when
administering ophthalmic preparations from collapsible tubes.
A process was developed for cleaning the interiors of collapsible
tubes which would expel metal particles and dust particles from
them, Henry S. Dzedzej, U.S. Pat. No. 3,442,707, granted May 6,
1969 for Apparatus and Process for Cleaning Collapsible Tubes.
More recently, it has been discovered that fibrous particles are
another type of contamination in ophthalmic preparations and many
other products sold in collapsible tubes, particularly products in
the pharmaceutical field. The present invention is designed
particularly to make possible the substantial elimination of
particulate matter derived from boxes in which collapsible tubes
are shipped or are contained while cleaning.
The invention also makes possible the elimination of a tube or
tubes not intended for the particular shipment, for example, one
which would use a different label from that of the others in the
shipment by having a clear plastic lid to make the intermix
visible.
The invention lends itself well to receiving collapsible tubes and
also cleaning them, since the box which forms the subject matter of
the invention can be used with top up or bottom up as desired, and
it is capable of functioning in either position. In the invention
the box is made from plastic which does not contain fibrous
material, preferably crystalline thermoplastic, of which examples
are polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene,
XT polymer and the like, which are not sources of particulate
material and are not likely to form particles.
The box of the invention is in three parts. One part is the bottom
half which has a bottom wall and suitably relatively deep side
walls and a top rim. The bottom wall preferably has depressions to
receive caps and domes to guide the caps into the depressions.
The box has a top which has a top wall and side walls. In the top
wall of the top there are preferably domes which extend within the
open ends of the tubes to retain them in alignment.
The box also has a separator and one of the important features of
the invention is that the separator is imprisoned between the top
and the bottom when the box is closed, but either the top or the
bottom can be removed when it is uppermost without disturbing the
separator. It will be evident that the separator in some
embodiments can be one with the bottom or the top, preferably the
top. The separator has a flange which rests on the rim of the
bottom and extends around the rim. The top of the box has a flange
which contacts the flange of the separator and also in one form
extends down around the bottom of the box. The flange of the top
also has detents extending inwardly and avoiding unintentional
removal of the top of the box, but permitting intentional removal
of the top of the box.
The separator preferably has relatively deep separator walls which
extend around each tube and which provide depth of section for the
separator which strengthens it.
In filling the box originally, with the separator in position on
the bottom of the box, tubes are inserted in the separator
compartments with the tip end down and the tubes vertical and
beside one another. Then the top of the box is applied over the
separator and telescoping around the bottom and the box may if
desired be additionally held closed as by adhesive tape or the
like.
Since the top and the bottom of the box may be transparent and each
tube can be seen either from the side or the end, an inspection
operation can be performed of the tubes in the box to be sure that
they are all of the same size and that they all have the same label
and do not contain any odd or mixed-up tubes.
The tubes can then be transported in the box to the cleaning
station. At that point the box is inverted since it is desired to
insert the tubes into the cleaning station with their open ends
down. The bottom of the box then is removed, and it slips out
readily from within the flange on the separator having the
separator in contact with the top. Tubes are inserted into the
cleaning operation, already referred to, and then are restored to
the box or to another box, with their open ends down. The separator
is designed to facilitate insertion of tubes in the inverted
position mentioned above by means of the radiused guide holes as
shown.
A desirable aspect in some cases, especially where the air contains
discreet particles of matter which may go into the box, is to
charge the wall of the box, which in this case will be dielectric
as already explained, with an electrostatic charge, which is
opposite from the prevailing charge on the dust particles. If the
prevailing charge on the airborne dust is negative, the walls of
the box will be charged positively and if the prevailing charge of
the airborne dust is positive, the walls of the box will be charged
negatively. This assures that the airborne dust does not get into
the box in a position where it would be likely to enter the inside
of one of the collapsible tubes but instead adheres to the wall of
the box.
It will be evident when the clean tubes are put in the box, with
their open ends around the dome projections on the top wall of the
box top (now inverted) there is a slight draining of cleaning
solution or the like into the top half of the box.
The detents on the flange of the top half of the box serve two
purposes. They effectively hold the separator to the box top. Also,
when the top half of the box is removed and no effort is made to
leave the separator on the bottom half, the separator remains with
the top and effectively frees the tubes resting in the bottom of
the box so that they can be more easily removed to the filling
machine.
It will accordingly be evident that particulate matter and
especially fibrous matter is eliminated by the present invention,
and at the same time inspection can be facilitated as one aspect of
this in that the caps may be color coded.
When the tubes have been removed, all of the lids can be nested,
all of the box bottoms can be nested and all of the separators can
be nested for return shipment with minimum space requirement. This
nesting will preclude the return of a tube which was previously
shipped.
By the present invention almost half of the tube is exposed by
removal either of the top or bottom of the box.
It will be evident that the box bottom can be always the same with
a different separator and a different box top depending on whether
the tube is longer or shorter or of larger or smaller diameter.
In some cases where it is desired to sterilize the contents of the
box against bacterial contamination, this can be done as by
ethylene oxide and a sterility indicator can be inserted and read
through the transparent wall of the box to be sure that the
contents are still sterile.
It will be understood that the separator can be combined with the
box top or the box bottom, preferably the box top, as desired.
In the prior art it will be evident that plastic boxes have been
used as shipping containers, for example for vials (PLAXALL Inc.)
and test tubes but they have not been suitable for collapsible
tubes and have not had the features which characterize the present
invention and make it distinctive.
The collapsible tubes 20 have open ends 22, side walls 24,
shoulders 26 and caps 28 (if capped tubes are shipped) on tips 30
optionally threaded or frictionally engaged on the outside. A box
bottom 32 has a bottom wall 34, side walls 36 which are relatively
deep and adapted to surround about one-half of the tube, and a rim
38 at the top. The bottom wall has distributed over its surface
dome-shaped recesses 40 which are adapted to hold and locate the
ends of the tips (whether or not caps are applied) and between the
recesses dome-shaped projections 42 which are adapted to guide a
misdirected tip into the proper position.
On the bottom of the box in one position sits a separator 44 which
is divided into a plurality of upstanding separator walls 46 of the
right size to contain and position a collapsible tube and restrain
its tendency to rotate and abrade. The separator walls in plan view
may be endless and square or circular or any other suitable shape
to fit the collapsible tubes and the box. The separator walls
extend vertically an appreciable distance and make in effect a
large number of stiffener units which add depth of section to the
design. The separator unit at the outside has a flange 48 which
comprises an outwardly extending portion 50 which is adapted to
rest on the rim of the bottom of the box, and a downwardly
extending portion 52 which is adapted to surround the rim of the
bottom of the box, preventing the separator unit from being
displaced.
The top of the box 54 is of course of a size to cooperate with the
bottom of the box and consists of a top wall 56, relatively deep
side walls 58 and a surrounding flange 60 which is of L-shape in
section, having an outwardly extending portion 62 which engages the
flange of the separator and imprisons the separator between the top
and the bottom, and a downwardly extending portion 64 which
surrounds the rim of the bottom of the box and the flange of the
separator and is preferably elongated to provide inward detents 66
which are below the separator and which tend to keep the separator
with the top of the box unless someone deliberately bulges out the
side walls in removing the top of the box, when the top can be
removed leaving the separator attached to the bottom of the box.
Cooperating in location of the tubes are a plurality of downwardly
dome-shaped projections 68 from the top of the box which extend
inside the open ends of the tubes. Since the box is selected of the
right height so that it just engages the caps and the bottoms of
the tubes, the tubes are prevented from freedom which could result
in damaging them. It will be understood of course that the size of
the box is variable, though a convenient size is adapted to contain
200 collapsible tubes in one embodiment.
Starting with the bottom of the box upright as shown in FIG. 1, in
one embodiment, the separator is assembled on the bottom of the box
with the flange engaging the rim of the bottom of the box as shown
in FIGS. 2 and 3, and then tubes are put in the bottom of the box
with their tip ends down as shown in FIG. 4. The top of the box is
placed over the separator in such a way to engage the detent of the
box top over the separator and the box can be closed as shown in
FIG. 5 and maintained in closed position as by adhesive tape,
string or the like. The box being wholly or partially transparent,
permits inspection of the contents.
In order to clean the tubes, the box is inverted, removing any
adhesive tape or string, and the bottom is lifted from the box as
shown in FIG. 7, leaving the tubes with the tips at the top. The
tubes are then lifted out and are convenient to clean according to
the Dzedzej patent, above referred to. After cleaning, the tubes
are inserted into the separator compartments as shown in FIG. 8 and
allowed to drain, desirably allowing the cleaning solution to
evaporate. When evaporation of the solvent is complete, the box is
closed by applying the bottom as shown in FIG. 9 and securing the
parts together as with tape or string. If an electrostatic charge
is to be applied to the box, the table or the like on which the box
tops rest when the tubes are inserted after the cleaning, is
subjected to the suitable pole 70 of electrostatic machine and the
electrostatic charge causes the loose particles to take on a charge
and adhere to the box rather than the tubes.
The box can then be shipped and the box is opened, desirably with
the tips down, in which case the separator remains with the top of
the box, facilitating the removal of the tubes for filling.
The separator is later conveniently extracted over the detents by
distorting the walls of the top of the box outward and the bottoms
of the box can be nested with themselves and the tops of the box
can be nested with themselves and the separators can be nested with
themselves as shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12, economizing on space in
return shipment.
It will be evident that in the claims when the tip end of the tube
is designed, it may or may not have a cap thereon.
It will be evident that the positions of the recesses which engage
the tips of the tubes or the caps on the tubes and the projections
which engage within the side wall at the bottom of the tubes can be
reversed with respect to the other forms shown as illustrated in
FIG. 13. In this figure a box bottom 32' has rim 38' around the top
edge, and in its bottom 34' it has dome-shaped projections 68'
which are attached to engage within the open ends of the
collapsible tubes. A separator 44' has a flange 50' which rests on
the rim 38' and a downwardly extending flange portion 52' which not
only extends over the rim 38' but by its reverse bent contour locks
over it, though it may be removed by spring outwardly.
The box top 54' has a bottom 56' which has recesses 40' formed in
it and receiving the caps or the tube dispenser portions. It has a
side wall 58' and an outwardly and downwardly extending flange 60'
which extends inwardly at 66' over the flange of the separator
although it springs outwardly if desired to separate it from the
other parts of the box.
Accordingly in the form of FIG. 13 it will be seen that the box top
and bottom snap together and force must be used to separate them by
outwardly displacing the flange 60' and the separator and the box
bottom snap together and force must be used to separate them if
desired. In the form of FIG. 13 the separator is less deep then in
the other form of the invention but extra stiffness of the
separator is imparted by the configuration of the flange 52'.
In view of our invention and disclosure, variations and
modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will
doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtain
all or part of the benefits of our invention without copying the
structure and process shown, and we therefore claim all such
insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of our
claims.
* * * * *