U.S. patent number 3,744,286 [Application Number 05/222,601] was granted by the patent office on 1973-07-10 for tubular key.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fort Lock Corporation. Invention is credited to Patrick M. Trainor.
United States Patent |
3,744,286 |
Trainor |
July 10, 1973 |
TUBULAR KEY
Abstract
A tubular key for axial pin tumbler locks which is integrally
and unitarily formed from a piece of tubing with the handle end
being formed by a flattening of the tube for a predetermined
distance from one end.
Inventors: |
Trainor; Patrick M. (Chicago,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Fort Lock Corporation (Chicago,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
22832901 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/222,601 |
Filed: |
February 1, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
70/404;
70/408 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
19/00 (20130101); Y10T 70/7853 (20150401); Y10T
70/7876 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
19/00 (20060101); E05b 019/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/363,403,404,408 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wolfe; Robert L.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. For use with an axial pin tumbler lock having an annular keyway
and axially directed combination pins, a tubular key comprising a
tubular shank and an integrally formed handle portion, said key
being a unitary preselected length of tubing and having said handle
portion formed from flattening an end of said tube to a
predetermined distance from said end so that said handle portion
includes a bi-layered thickness, said flattened portion gradually
tapering into the tubular shank on both sides of said flattened
portion and the tubular shank end containing circumferentially
spaced combinated notches about its periphery for engaging and
aligning the axially directed combination pins of said lock when
inserted in the annular keyway.
2. A tubular key as claimed in claim 1 wherein said flattened
handle portion is chamfered adjacent its end.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to tubular keys for axial pin
tumbler locks and more particularly to an improved tubular key
which is of a simple integral and unitary construction that is
extremely low in cost of production, yet which is inherently strong
and rigid to withstand vigorous handling and usage.
Axial pin tumbler locks are being used more and more widely for
security purposes, principally due to the greater number of
possible key combinations available for such lock designs as well
as the greater difficulty encountered in attempts at picking such
locks. An exemplary lock of this type which provides maximum
security as well as a virtually pick-proof construction is
disclosed and claimed in Patrick M. Trainor U.S. Pat. No. 3,509,748
assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
The conventional tubular keys utilized with such locks are
generally made up of two components, i.e. a flat handle portion and
a cylindrical shank which is press fit or otherwise secured to the
handle portion. The cylindrical shank is commonly a machined member
made from solid rod stock by several cutting operations. These
includes cutting a stepped and slotted portion adjacent the shank
end receiving the handle and drilling a central opening forming the
hollow tubular portion at the opposite end thereof. The key blank
thus formed is not only a fairly costly item but it is not too
uncommon for the handle portion to separate from the shank in use
of handling particularly when the key is subjected to very high
torques at one time or another. Where the shank has been loosened
it can fall off and be lost when the key is carried on a holder
passing through an opening usually provided in the handle.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to
provide an improved tubular key construction for use with axial pin
tumbler locks which is extremely low in cost of production, yet
maintains the strength and rigidity required of such keys. A
related object is to provide a tubular key of the foregoing type
which is integral and unitary in construction and which may be
easily fabricated on a production basis without the necessity of
numerous costly machining operations.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
unitarily formed tubular key construction which is more attractive
in styling and design than conventionally known tubular key
arrangements.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent
as the following description proceeds, taken in conjunction with
the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tubular key in accordance with
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cylinder blank exemplary of the
type from which the key of FIG. 1 is made;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the key of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an end view taken along the line 4--4 in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the key of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line 6--6 in FIG. 3;and
FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line 7--7 in FIG. 3.
While the invention has been described in connection with a
preferred embodiment, it will be understood that I do not intend to
limit the invention to the particular embodiment shown but intend
to cover the various alternatives and equivalent constructions
included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Turning now to the drawing, there is shown a completely formed
tubular key constructed in accordance with the present invention,
indicated at 10. The key is integral and unitary in construction
and includes a tubular end portion 12 with central opening 14
therein and a generally flat handle 16. The tubular end portion 12
receives the circumferentially spaced notches 18 which are properly
combinated for a particular lock to engage and align the axially
directed combination pins of the lock when inserted and thereby
permitting rotation of the lock cylinder.
In accordance with the present invention, the tubular key 10 is
formed as an integral unit from a preselected appropriate length of
tubing 20 as shown in FIG. 2. The tubing which may be made from a
material such as type 304 stainless steel or the like having an
O.D. and I.D. which correspond to the circular lock cylinder
opening of the axial pin tumbler locks with which the finished keys
are to be used.
To produce the key blank of the present invention all that is
necessary as a production step is to flatten the cylinder or tubing
20 adjacent one end for a predetermined distance to form a handle
portion 16 (FIG. 3) which may be easily accomplished with any
suitable clamping or press apparatus. The flattened end may then be
chamfered or rounded as indicated at 22 to provide a visual manner
of identifying reference sides for orienting the key to insert it
into the lock. For example, the shorter side 23 may indicate the
top of the key while the longer side indicates the bottom or
vice-versa.
Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, conjointly, it will be seen that the
width w of the handle portion formed from flattening the tube is
greater than the outer diameter d.sub.o of the tubular shank 12.
This additional width provides sufficient gripping surface when
held between the thumb and index finger as conventionally used to
rotate a key and impart sufficient torque for rotating the lock
cylinder once the key is inserted in the lock.
To ordinary flattening operation performed on the tube end will
provide a gradually tapering surface connection 25 (FIGS. 5 and 6)
between the handle portion 16 and tubular shank 12. Consequently,
there is sufficient rigidity between the handle portion and the
shank portion to resist transverse bending forces as well as
rotational twisting forces. In addition, the flattening operation
provides a handle portion 16 which is composed of two layers 28,29
(FIG. 7) so that the handle is effectively twice the thickness of
the tube material.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a suitable
opening may be provided in the handle portion to receive a key
holder or the like. Also, a lug may be formed on the shank end to
provide a polarization guide for inserting the key in the lock as
well as to turn the lock cylinder where the pins are not used as
the force transmitting means for turning the cylinder.
* * * * *