U.S. patent number 3,739,939 [Application Number 05/122,758] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-19 for locking stackable container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sherwood Medical Industries, Inc.. Invention is credited to Elmer A. Koenig.
United States Patent |
3,739,939 |
Koenig |
June 19, 1973 |
LOCKING STACKABLE CONTAINER
Abstract
A stackable container for medicaments having continuous side
walls tapering downwardly from an open end toward a bottom surface,
with the side walls integrally containing positive locking means,
assuring that similar containers can be locked securely to each
other with a predetermined amount of force, while simultaneously
maintaining uniform spacing between the side walls and bottoms of
the nested containers.
Inventors: |
Koenig; Elmer A. (St. Louis,
MO) |
Assignee: |
Sherwood Medical Industries,
Inc. (St. Louis, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
22404591 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/122,758 |
Filed: |
March 10, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/518;
206/520 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
21/0233 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
21/02 (20060101); B65d 021/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/92C,97F
;229/2.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Claims
What I intend to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United
States, is:
1. A stackable container having a continuous side wall having an
inner surface and an outer surface, said side wall tapering
downward from an open end to an integral bottom surface, said side
wall containing locking means, whereby upon insertion of a second
similar container into said container, the two containers will
positively lock to each other with a predetermined amount of force,
said locking means comprising a protrusion extending inwardly on
the inner surface of said side wall, and a mating recess extending
inwardly in the outer surface of said wall in close proximity to
the bottom surface, said mating recess being a wedge-shaped cut-out
from said side wall, starting at the bottom surface and continuing
upwardly and inwardly into said side wall for a short distance,
whereby upon insertion of a second similar container into said
container, the protrusion on said container will be forced into the
mating recess of said second similar container thereby positively
locking the two containers together.
2. A stackable container as recited in claim 1 wherein the locking
of the two containers is accomplished by the frictional engagement
of the protrusion of said container with the mating recess of said
second similar container.
3. A stackable container as recited in claim 1 wherein the
protrusion is semi-circular and longitudinal in shape having its
axis parallel to said bottom surface.
4. A stackable container as recited in claim 1 further comprising a
flange contiguous with and extending around the periphery of the
open end of said side wall, said flange extending parallel to said
bottom surface.
5. A stackable container as recited in claim 1 wherein said
wedge-shape cut-out is defined by a lower relatively rigid wall
section and an upper relatively flexible wall section, said lower
wall section being coplaner with the bottom wall of said container
and said upper wall section being of decreased thickness relative
to the remainder of said side wall.
6. A stackable container as recited in claim 5 wherein two
protrusions and two recesses are provided on opposite side walls of
said container, and the transverse dimension between the crests of
opposed protrusions is less than the transverse dimension between
the outer surfaces of opposed recesses, to thereby provide said
positive locking of the two containers together.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to containers, and particularly to a
container particularly adapted for holding a unit dose of a solid
medicament to be administered to a patient in a hospital.
The need for more accurate control, counting, measuring and
administering of prescription drugs has been well documented by
numerous reports of studies of medication errors and adverse drug
reactions. Government and professional organizations researching
this problem have recommended packaging more drugs in unit dose or
prescription size containers with accurate identification of the
drug, quantity, route of administration and other pertinent
information on the package.
Unit dose size pre-packaging of orally administered solid drugs has
been extremely cumbersome because the quantity per dose or
prescription varies from patient to patient. Also, the labeling and
identification of a single tablet or capsule results in a package
of considerable bulk requiring a volume many times that of the
tablet for storage and handling. In addition, individual packaging
of tablets, capsules, suppositories and lozenges has not developed
a package that is easy to open and use by the patient or nurse
administering the drug.
In developing a system for accurately controlling and identifying
unit dose dispensing of prescription drugs, it is highly desirable
that the package or container for such drugs is capable of being
stacked in nested relationship with a plurality of similar
containers so that automatic unit dose packaging and dispensing
equipment can be utilized. As used herein the term unit dose is
defined as any physical quantity of a drug specified by a physician
to be administered at one time and not requiring significant
physical or chemical alteration before being administered.
While it is will known in the packaging field that stacking
features in the form of ribs, anti-friction designs, stacking
rings, V-shaped stacking protuberances, horizontal fins or pleats,
and bottom stacking ribs with axially directed pleats, can be
incorporated into the side walls or bottom of one-piece container
constructions, all of these prior art designs have had as their
major purpose the elimination of jamming or sticking between
adjacent telescopically arranged containers. By making it
increasingly easier to separate containers, the prior art devices
have attempted to maintain uniform lateral spacing between the side
walls of nested containers and the elimination of misalignment of
the container stacks when in a feed chute of an automatic
dispensing machine.
In some instances, it is desirable and necessary to use stacks of
containers that are held together with a minimum uniform force,
since it is of utmost importance that only one container be
dispensed at any one time. Non-uniform stacking of conventional
containers permits the possibility of two containers being
dispensed simultaneously.
The present invention relates to a new and novel container for use
with automatic dispensing machines that does not require rolled
rims or restricted lips in dispensing heads to support the
container stack, and for use with machines that do not depend upon
gravity as a feed force. In addition, the present container
provides for ease of identification of the contents of the
container and facilitated handling for administration of the
contents thereof.
In particular, the present invention provides for a positive
locking means integral with the container thereby permitting a
plurality of containers to be locked individually together with a
predetermined amount of force. The locking means assures that each
container is securely fixed to the stack with a uniform minimum
amount of force thereby eliminating the non-uniform sticking
problem of conventional containers, while at the same time
maintaining uniform lateral spacing between the side walls and
bottoms of nested containers. The present invention further
provides for positive aligned stacking which eliminates stack
misalignment encountered with conventional containers with
resultant inconsistent feed. In addition, the container is
configured such that identification labels may be readily applied
for identification of the contents, and the container may be
readily gripped to open the same and administer its contents.
Some techniques for maintaining uniform lateral spacing between the
side walls of nested containers to eliminate jamming or sticking
and stack misalignment have been disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,471,075; 3,442,420; 3,441,173; 3,393,826; 3,347,411; 3,139,213;
2,854,790; 3,091,360; 3,208,631; 3,223,305; 3,988,258; and
3,027,596.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly a general object of the present invention to
eliminate non-uniform sticking problems, maintain uniform lateral
spacing between the side walls of nested containers, eliminate
stack misalignment, and eliminate the problem of dispensing two or
more containers simultaneously, by providing for an improved
thin-walled container having a positive locking means integral
therewith, the locking means serving the dual purpose of securing
each container, one to another, with a predetermined minimum amount
of force, and also functioning to keep stacked containers from
misaligning when in the feed chute.
Further objects of this invention are to provide for a thin-walled
container incorporating a positive locking means, that permits easy
and efficient release of one container from another facilitating
mechanical separation and dispensing, and providing a means of
assuring that the containers when initially stacked cannot be
misaligned.
Still further objects of this invention are to provide for a
container particularly adapted for use in a unit dose drug
dispensing system for hospital use wherein the container is
configured for ease of gripping and manipulation to open the
container and administer the drug contained therein, while
providing relatively large, unobstructed ares for affixing labels
identifying the contents of the container and its intended use.
The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of this
invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims.
The invention itself, however, together with further objects and
advantages thereof will best be understood by reference to the
following description taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the container of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the container taken along lines 2--2
of FIG. 4;
FIG. 3 is a cross-section showing two containers in stacked
relation; and
FIG. 3A is enlarged fragmentary view of the containers of FIG.
3;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the container of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The embodiment of the container or cup to be hereafter described is
to be made into a seamless one-piece thin-walled construction,
formed from thermoplastic, molded by fluid pressure (as one method)
into a container. However, other material moldable into such a
shape, such a paper or metal foil are also contemplated as within
the scope of this invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, the container of the present invention is
generally indicated at 10, having continuous side walls 12 on one
end integral with a bottom 16, and on the other having a top flange
14 that is contiguous with and extends around the periphery of side
wall 12. Flange 14 is also in parallel relation to the bottom
surface 16 and is of sufficient width to provide an area that
receives a thin flat membrane type seal or cover (not shown) for
total closure of container 10. Side wall 12 also tapers upwardly
and outwardly from bottom 16 terminating in flange 14.
Side wall 12 has an outer surface 13 containing a recessed
wedge-shaped cut-out or mating socket 18 that starts at the lower
surface 17 of bottom 16 and continues upwardly, terminating in a
shoulder 22 above the upper surface of bottom 16. Throughout the
extent of bottom 16, the socket 18 provides a relatively rigid
surface 26, while the surface 28 from the upper surface of bottom
16 to the shoulder 22 is relatively flexible. Located on inner
surface 19 of side wall 12 is a semi-circular longitudinally shaped
protrusion 20. Although protrusion 20 is shown situated on only two
opposite walls of container 10, it is contemplated that any
variation between a continuous or nub type shape protrusion may
also be employed equally well, on the walls, flanges, or in the
corners of the container, with suitable mating sockets or recesses
18 correspondingly located on the container to permit locking of
similar containers together.
In operation, when two or more containers 10 and 10a are to be
nested together as shown in FIGS. 3 and 3A, protrusions 20 on
container 10 will be forced to snap over the rigid surface 26a into
the flexible surface 28a of wall 12a. Since the dimension between
the crest of protrusions on opposite sides 12 is less than the
dimension between the opposite surfaces 18, actual locking of
similar containers during nesting of the containers can only take
place when an opposite pair of protrusions is forced into a
mechanical override of the interference that exists on a pair of
surfaces 18. The override takes place by deflecting wall 12.
However, once protrusion 20 clears surface 26a wall 12 returns to
normal by deforming the thinner surface 28a thus accomplishing the
latching action. Separation of the nested containers has a similar
snap action by reversing the steps described for nesting the
containers.
Ribs 24 are provided contiguous with the bottom and side wall so
the container to limit the extent to which the containers 10 and
10a can be forced together and easily and efficiently maintain a
uniform spacing between flanges 14 of nested containers.
Since it is necessary to use a predetermined amount of force to
cause separation of the containers, the container of the present
invention in no way then depends upon gravity feed, while
facilitating easy and efficient mechanical separation of
containers. This eliminate the possibility of accidentally
dispensing two containers at the same time. Non-uniform sticking, a
problem in the prior art, is eliminated since a predetermined
uniform force locking means is deliberately built into each
individual container, facilitating mechanical separation,
eliminating stack alignment problems, and preventing accidental
dispensing of two or more containers at the same time. In addition,
the locked stack of containers aids in the transfer of stacks from
the shipping carton to the dispensing machine and from the machine
stack storage area to the machine cup feed chute.
Container 10 is dimensioned such that opposite walls 12 may be
easily grasped by the thumb and forefinger of a patient for removal
of a lid or cover sealed around lip 14 over its open mouth to strip
the cover therefrom. The container may then be used to administer
the drugs contained therein by either removing the contents with
the other hand or placing the container to the lips to propel the
contents into the patients mouth.
The container is also configured for ease of identification. For
example, the top cover may be printed after filling and sealing
with the patients name, identification number, dose schedule,
number of pills, etc. while a label may be applied to the bottom 16
of the container during filling and printed with the chemical and
generic drug name, drug identification number, etc.
While I have shown and described specific embodiments of the
present invention, it will, of course, be understood that other
modifications and alternative constructions may be used without
departing from the true spirit and scope of this invention. I
therefore intend by the appended claims to cover all such
modifications and alternative constructions as fall with their true
spirit and scope.
* * * * *