U.S. patent number 3,739,515 [Application Number 05/132,046] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-19 for shoulder stock and receiver combination for firearms.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Firearm Development, Inc.. Invention is credited to Homer E. Koon, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,739,515 |
Koon, Jr. |
June 19, 1973 |
SHOULDER STOCK AND RECEIVER COMBINATION FOR FIREARMS
Abstract
A receiver for a firearm includes broad area recoil surfaces at
the rear thereof, and a shoulder stock having a pair of large area
recoil shoulders is attached to the receiver so that the recoil
shoulders abut against the recoil surfaces of the receiver.
Substantially all of the mass of the firearm other than the
shoulder stock is disposed forward of the receiver recoil surfaces,
so that recoil is reduced. The shoulder stock is readily
detachable, whereby easy access can be had to the trigger
mechanism.
Inventors: |
Koon, Jr.; Homer E.
(Gainesville, TX) |
Assignee: |
Firearm Development, Inc.
(Denton, TX)
|
Family
ID: |
22452200 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/132,046 |
Filed: |
April 7, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
42/75.03;
42/71.01 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41C
23/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F41C
23/00 (20060101); F41c 023/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;42/75C,75A,71R,72 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Borchelt; Benjamin A.
Assistant Examiner: Jordan; C. T.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A firearm comprising:
a. a receiver having first and second, laterally spaced apart
recoil surfaces, and first and second, vertically spaced apart
tangs extending rearwardly of said recoil surfaces.
b. a stock having first and second, laterally spaced apart recoil
shoulders for abutting said first and said second surfaces,
c. means clamping said stock between said first and said second
tangs, and
d. a trigger mechanism attached to said receiver extending rearward
of said first and said second recoil surfaces,
e. said stock defining a slot rearward of said first and said
second recoil surfaces within which said trigger mechanism is
accomodated.
2. A firearm comprising:
a. a receiver having first and second, laterally spaced apart
recoil surfaces, and first and second, vertically spaced apart
tangs extending rearwardly of said surfaces,
b. a stock having first and second, laterally spaced apart recoil
shoulders for abutting said first and said second recoil surfaces,
and having a portion rearward of said recoil shoulders having a
vertical hole therethrough for fitting between said first and said
second tangs,
c. said first and said second tangs having first and second holes
coinciding with said hole in said stock when said recoil shoulders
are abutting said recoil surfaces, and
d. screw means having a diameter substantially smaller than the
diameter of the hole through said stock extending through said
holes in said stock and said first and said second tangs for
clamping said stock between said first and said second tangs.
Description
This invention relates to firearms and more particularly a shoulder
stock and receiver combination for firearms.
Most large caliber rifles utilize a one piece shoulder stock and
forearm combination, commonly referred to as a one piece stock, in
which the receiver is bedded into an opening in the stock. The
opening extends completely through from top to bottom so that the
trigger mechanism, attached to the receiver, extends from the
bottom of the stock. For accuracy, the barrel is supported solely
from the receiver, so that a "floating barrel" arrangement is
effected. The receiver is attached to the stock, with the majority
of the recoil being absorbed by the stock adjacent the front of the
receiver. Usually, the walls of the stock at the area of recoil are
narrow or thin, which often results in splitting of the stock for
higher calibers.
Because the recoil is absorbed by the stock adjacent the front of
the receiver, the mass of the receiver, bolt and trigger mechanism
is not interposed between the cartridge and the shoulder stock for
purposes of recoil. Thus the operator absorbs a greater recoil then
if this mass were interposed between the cartridge and the shoulder
stock.
Some rifles do utilize the arrangement of a separate shoulder stock
and forearm, so that the mass of the receiver and bolt are
interposed within the cartridge and the shoulder stock. Such
arrangements can be found in most lever action rifles and some
automatic rifles. However, these arrangements do not eliminate
stock splitting, since the impact or recoil is absorbed on small
areas of the stock where it is attached to the receiver.
For rifles that are manufactured for relatively high accuracy and
which employ one piece stocks, the receiver must be hand fitted
into the stock so that the barrel is not placed under torque or
stress when the receiver is secured in the stock. This, of course,
represents an expensive part of the manufacturing process because
of the labor required. No such hand fitting is required for two
piece stock and forearm arrangements, and thus from this
standpoint, it is desirable to utilize the two piece shoulder stock
and forearm combination.
The present invention provides a two piece shoulder stock and
forearm combination used in conjunction with a firearm in which
ready access to the trigger mechanism is had when the shoulder
stock is removed from the receiver. In the preferred embodiment,
the shoulder stock is clamped to the receiver by a single screw for
ready removal and attachment. The receiver includes large area
recoil surfaces, and correspondingly, the shoulder stock
incorporates a pair of broad area recoil shoulders that abut
against the recoil surfaces of the receiver for absorbing the
recoil. Because of the broad areas provided, shoulder stock
splitting for higher calibers is eliminated. The broad area recoil
surfaces of the receiver are disposed forward of the trigger
mechanism, so that the trigger mechanism fits within a slot in the
shoulder stock. Thus removal of the shoulder stock exposes the
trigger mechanism for adjustment. The single screw holding the
stock to the receiver passes through the stock itself but does not
bear against it, so that all of the recoil is absorbed at the
recoil shoulders of the stock. The forearm piece simply attaches to
the barrel by a single screw for purposes of a handle, but in no
way exerts a stress on the barrel. The ready removal of the
shoulder stock also permits the advantage of interchangeability of
stocks.
Many other objects, features and advantages of the invention will
become readily apparent from the following detailed description of
a preferred embodiment thereof when taken in conjunction with the
appended claims and the attached drawing, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a bolt action rifle employing
the shoulder stock and receiver combination of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded, side elevational view of the bolt action
rifle of FIG. 1, showing the shoulder stock, forearm and trigger
guard and floor piece detached from the receiver barrel,
respectively;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, front perspective view of the shoulder
stock of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of the receiver with the shoulder stock
removed;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the shoulder stock;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, bottom view of the front portion of the
shoulder stock; and
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary, exploded view showing the receiver and
trigger mechanism detached from the shoulder stock.
A side elevational view of a bolt action rifle that employs the
shoulder stock and receiver combination of the invention is shown
in FIG. 1, and in the exploded view of FIG. 2. The receiver 10
includes a port 11 through which cartridges are loaded and
unloaded, and a front portion 12 into which a barrel 16 is
threadedly secured. The receiver includes a body portion 14 within
which a magazine is contained. A trigger guard and floor piece
member 18 is attached to the receiver through a single screw 17,
and includes a rearwardly extending tang 46 that constitutes part
of a clamp for the shoulder stock described later. The receiver
accommodates a bolt 20 for rotational and sliding movement within a
channel thereof, wherein the bolt is operated with a bolt handle 21
by raising the bolt handle and withdrawing the bolt rearward. A
cocking piece sleeve 22 covers a cocking piece (not shown), the
latter of which is carried by the bolt. A shoulder stock 30 is
secured to the receiver at the rear 32 thereof. A forearm piece 34
is secured to the barrel and functions as a handle for holding the
firearm.
Referring more particularly to FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, it will be seen
that both the shoulder stock and forearm piece can be readily
detached from the receiver and barrel, respectively. The shoulder
stock includes a pair of spaced apart recoil shoulders 40 and 41 on
either side of a slot 60 formed in the front of the shoulder stock
and which opens in the top and bottom thereof. Shoulders 40 and 41
project forwardly of surfaces 32 and 33, respectively, wherein
these latter surfaces generally coincide with the rear edge of the
outside wall of the receiver. A hole 64 is provided in the shoulder
stock rearward of slot 60, so that the shoulder stock can be
clamped to the receiver with a bolt or screw. The receiver includes
a rearwardly projecting tang 44 that also acts as a channel within
which the cocking piece of the action rides. The firearm includes a
trigger mechanism 42 that is secured to the receiver in any
suitable manner, and a trigger guard attached to the receiver that
has a rearwardly projecting tang 46 spaced below the rearward
projection 44 of the receiver.
Referring particularly to FIGS. 4 and 7, showing the receiver from
the rear thereof with the shoulder stock removed, it will be seen
that the receiver has opposite outside walls 68 and 69 that are
relatively thin. The rearward edge of these walls coincide with the
front surfaces 32 and 33, respectively, of the shoulder stock.
Recessed forwardly of the rear edges of receiver walls 68 and 69
are broad area steel recoil surfaces 70 and 71, respectively, which
extend from the inner surface of the outer wall to the outside
surfaces of the trigger mechanism, and virtually the entire height
of the receiver. These surfaces are of approximately the same
shapes and areas as recoil shoulders 40 and 41, respectively, of
the shoulder stock.
The shoulder stock is fitted against the rear of the receiver so
that the trigger mechanism 42 fits within slot 60 and shoulders 40
and 41 abut against recoil surfaces 70 and 71, respectively, of the
receiver. Both tangs 44 and 46 have holes in the rear thereof that
coincide with hole 64 in the shoulder stock (seen in FIG. 7), so
that a single screw 48 can be inserted through the holes to secure
the shoulder stock to the receiver. The hole in tang 44 is threaded
to receive the threaded end of screw 48.
Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, it will be seen that the shoulder stock
includes flat, recessed surfaces 76 and 77 at the bottom and top
thereof, respectively, immediately behind slot 60, with hole 64
being provided in the stock through these flat surfaces. Rearward
extension 44 of the receiver includes a hole 75 therein, and fits
against flat surface 77 with holes 75 and 64 coinciding. Similarly,
rearward extension 46 of the trigger guard fits against flat
surface 76 so that holes 74 and 64 coincide. The hole 64 through
the shoulder stock is considerably larger than holes 74 and 75 and
the body of screw 48, so that screw 48 does not bear against the
stock. The tangs 44 and 46 merely serve as a clamp to secure the
shoulder stock to the receiver, with all of the recoil being
exerted by surfaces 70 and 71 against shoulders 40 and 41, and none
by screw 48 against the stock. It will be pointed out that the
trigger guard piece 18 and tang 46 can be an integral part of the
receiver without affecting the inventive concept.
It will be apparent that the shoulder stock may readily be detached
by removing the single screw 48, which also exposes the trigger
mechanism for adjustment purposes. This, of course, is made
possible by the location of the recoil surfaces forward of the
trigger mechanism, but rearward of the bulk of the receiver.
The barrel is provided with an internally threaded projection 50
intermediate its ends for securing the forearm piece 34 thereto.
The forearm is provided with a hole therethrough for receiving a
single screw 52 for securing the forearm piece to the barrel.
Although the invention has been described with reference to a
specific embodiment thereof, certain modifications and
substitutions that do not depart from the true scope thereof will
undoubtedly occur to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is
intended that the invention be limited only as defined in the
appended claims.
* * * * *