U.S. patent number 3,738,674 [Application Number 05/204,598] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-12 for ski equipped crutch.
Invention is credited to Edward A. Pauls.
United States Patent |
3,738,674 |
Pauls |
June 12, 1973 |
SKI EQUIPPED CRUTCH
Abstract
A ski equipped forearm crutch that converts from a downhill
skiing aid to a walking aid by rotating the ski from a horizontal
(skiing) position to a vertical (walking) position. A latch
controlled remotely from the hand grip locks the short ski in the
vertical position enabling the user to support his weight upon the
rear end of the ski. A skid resistant member is attached at the
rear of the ski to further aid walking on slippery surfaces such as
packed snow or ice. A claw-like member, also fixed to the rear of
the ski is employed as a means of acting as a brake to slow down a
moving skier by rotating the ski to a position in which only the
rear of the ski contacts the snow surface thereby causing the claw
to dig into the snow surface and cause a retarding force.
Inventors: |
Pauls; Edward A. (Excelsior,
MN) |
Family
ID: |
22758596 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/204,598 |
Filed: |
December 3, 1971 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/816; 135/70;
135/66; 135/71 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61H
3/0288 (20130101); A63C 11/22 (20130101); A63C
7/108 (20130101); A63C 2201/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61H
3/00 (20060101); A61H 3/02 (20060101); A63C
7/10 (20060101); A63C 7/00 (20060101); A63C
11/00 (20060101); A63C 11/22 (20060101); A63c
011/22 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/11.39,11.37E,11.37J,11.37B,124A,16,11.13Z
;135/47,53,58,62,47.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
551,170 |
|
Jan 1958 |
|
CA |
|
167,749 |
|
Jul 1950 |
|
DT |
|
Other References
Washing Post, Times Herald, Feb. 13, 1955.
|
Primary Examiner: Friaglia; Leo
Assistant Examiner: Mitchell; David M.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A ski crutch for use on supporting surfaces comprising a support
shank member having grip means to permit control thereof by an arm
of a user, a short ski section, said ski section having a running
surface, an upwardly curved forward end, and a rear end portion,
means to pivotally mount said ski section to said shank to permit
movement of said ski section from a first normal position wherein
said running surface engages the supporting surface when held by a
user, to a second position wherein the forward end extends upwardly
adjacent said shank with the rear end portion extending downwardly
from said shank, releasable latch means comprising a latch member
and latch pin to retain said ski section in said second position,
and means mounted adjacent the grip means to permit the user to
selectively disengage the latch member and latch pin.
2. The ski crutch of claim 1 wherein said latch member includes an
elongated notch permitting travel of said latch pin relative
thereto for a preselected amount when the ski is in its first
position.
3. The ski crutch of claim 1 and an anti-skid member extending
rearwardly from said ski section and positioned to engage the
supporting surface for the user when the ski section is in said
second position.
4. The combination of claim 1 wherein said grip means includes a
hand grip member for a user, and means employable by a hand on said
hand grip operable to release said releasable means.
5. The combination of claim 4 and bias means acting between said
shank member and said ski urging said ski to said second
position.
6. A ski crutch for use on supporting surfaces comprising a support
shank member having grip means to permit control thereof by an arm
of a user, a short ski section, said ski section having a running
surface, an upwardly curved forward end, and a rear end portion,
means to pivotally mount said ski section to said shank to permit
movement of said ski section from a first normal position wherein
said running surface engages the supporting surface when held by a
user, to a second position wherein the forward end extends upwardly
adjacent said shank with the rear end portion extending downwardly
from said shank, releasable latch means to retain said ski section
in said second position, including means to limit the amount of
pivotal movement between said shank member and said ski section
when said ski section is in said first position, and an anti-skid
member attached to the rear portion of said ski section and
extending rearwardly therefrom, and being above the plane of said
running surface of said ski section, said anti-skid member engaging
the supporting surface when the forward end of the ski section
extends upwardly with the ski section in said second position and
the ski crutch is moved to engage the supporting surface.
7. The combination of claim 6 and a stop member attached to said
ski section at the rear portion thereof positioned to engage a
supporting surface for a user to restrain the rear portion of said
ski section from embedding in the supporting surface when the ski
section is in said second position and a downward load is placed on
said shank.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
People that have only one leg or disabled legs who participate in
the sport of snow skiing usually use ski equipped crutches known as
crutch skis, to give them support and stability while pursuing this
activity. Prior to this invention crutch skis were cumbersome to
use when walking about because of the slipperiness of their bottom
surface and also because the necessary length of the ski is very
awkward to maneuver while walking up or down a stairway or in
crowded areas. Prior crutch skis sometimes employed a spike-shaped
member that could be made to protrude through the bottom of the ski
to provide a resistance member to resist skidding while using the
crutch ski for walking. However, the spike is difficult to extend
and retract, and the length of the ski was not reduced, thereby
making walking more difficult than with a conventional forearm
crutch not equipped with a ski.
Prior to this invention it was also difficult for a slow moving
handicapped skier using one conventional ski on one leg and ski
equipped forearm crutches to retard his velocity down a ski slope.
At high speeds it is quite easy to turn the conventional snow ski
perpendicular to the direction of travel to effect a retarding
force. However, at slow speeds, turning the conventional ski is
more difficult and to effect a retarding force without turning the
conventional ski the handicapped skier must turn the short crutch
skis on the arm crutches at an angle to his direction of travel in
order to effect a retarding force by dragging the crutch ski edges
on the snow. This maneuver is difficult because skis tend to slide
in their longitudinal direction and because when trying to retard
speed the longitudinal direction of the crutch skis is not the
direction of the skiers movement, the crutch skis tend to slew to
either side of the skier thereby making balancing on the one
conventional ski difficult for the skier.
Examples of prior art patents include U.S. Pat. No. 3,421,773 and
U.S. Pat. No. 3,273,575.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ski equipped crutch that easily
converts to use for walking. The crutch further includes means to
permit use of the ski crutch to retard speed of the skier if
necessary. The conversion of the crutch ski from a downhill skiing
aid to a walking aid (or for use as a conventional ski pole) is
quickly done by the user merely by pulling a release device. The
ski is spring loaded to its walking position and will automatically
go to this position when the release is tripped. The release locks
the ski in the walking position for safe reliable use. By again
tripping the release member and overcoming the spring force the ski
is quickly moved to its skiing position.
An object of this invention is to present a crutch ski device which
makes walking with ski equipped crutches no more difficult or
restricted than walking with conventional crutches not equipped
with skis.
A further object of this invention is to provide an easily
controlled means of retarding the forward velocity of a skier using
crutch skis.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a crutch ski constructed according to
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the crutch ski shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the crutch ski of
FIG. 1 showing the ski rotated into the vertical walking or ski
pole position;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary rear perspective view of the braking device
located on the rear end of the ski; and
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the device of FIG. 1 showing
the crutch ski positioned in the braking mode of operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the accompanying drawings which form part of this
disclosure, a short length of ski 1 is attached to a yoke 2 that
has a pair of upstanding legs 2A and 2B by the means of screws 17
and 18. The crutch assembly combines an outer crutch shaft 5 that
mounts a telescoping tube 4. A pivot shaft 3 is mounted on the legs
2A and 2B of the yoke 2 and passes through a provided hole in tube
4, so that the tube 4 and ski 1 can pivot relative to each other.
Spacers 28 and 29 provide axial positioning of tube 4 with respect
to the legs of yoke 2. The tube 4 is held in longitudinally spaced
along shaft 5. The crutch shaft 5 and tube 4 are a conventional
assembly used on arm crutches for length adjustment. The shaft 5
mounts a crutch handle 7 and forearm cuff 8 which are common to
most commercially available forearm crutches.
A latch pin 9 is slidably mounted in provided holes in a pair of
brackets 10 and 11 which are affixed to lower tube 4 and extend to
one side thereof. A compression spring 12 encircles latch pin 9 and
is restrained on its upper end by bracket 10 and on its lower end
by a pin 13 in latch pin 9. The spring 12 urges latch pin 9
downward into engagement with the upper edge of upright leg 2A of
yoke 2 which has notches 25 and 26 defined therein and which are of
size to receive the latch pin 9. The latch pin is bifurcated so
that the end is guided on opposite sides of leg 2A. The leg 2A has
a top edge formed in an arc to form a shaft control quadrant
structure.
A cord 15 is secured on its lower end to latch pin 9 by passing the
cord through a hole in latch pin 9 and tying the cord back upon
itself. The cord can be adjustable in length to fit different
lengths of the telescoping shafts. The shaft 5 and tube 4 are shown
collapsed and they can be lengthened substantially for proper
length. The upper part of cord 15 passes through a guide eye 17
fixed to crutch shaft 5 and the cord is then tied to cord anchor 16
which is secured to crutch handle 7 by the means of a screw 23.
A double coiled torsion spring 24 is mounted over the spacers 28
and 29. That length of the double torsion spring 24 connecting the
two coils of torsion spring 24 is restrained by lower tube 4.
The two legs of double torsion spring 24 rest against the cross
member or base of the yoke 2 as shown in FIG. 1 in dotted lines.
The action of double torsion spring 24 is to continuously urge yoke
2 to rotate with respect to lower tube 4 into a position in which
ski 1 is most nearly parallel to tube 4 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
The latch pin 9 cooperating with slots 25 or 26 will act to hold
the ski in the desired rotational position with respect to tube 4.
The user of the crutch ski controls the rotational orientation of
the ski with respect to the crutch shaft without removing his hand
from crutch handle 7.
The ski 1 may be rotated from the skiing position as illustrated in
FIG. 1 to the walking position as illustrated in FIG. 3, by lifting
the entire crutch ski from the snow surface and then by the user
extending his fingers downward and around that part 15A of cord 15
which lies directly under crutch handle 7 and then, by pulling
upward on that portion of cord 15, so that upward motion will be
imparted to latch pin 9. The upward travel of latch pin 9 is great
enough to allow the lower end of latch pin 9 to clear detent
portion 27 of the leg of yoke 2 between notch 26 and notch 25.
Double torsion spring 24 then causes yoke 2, together with ski 1,
to rotate to the walking position as illustrated in FIG. 3. The leg
of yoke 2 has a stop end portion 26A that engages the pin 9 even
when it is lifted. The user then releases cord 15 and the
compression spring 12 causes latch pin 9 to move downward into
notch 26 thereby locking ski 1 into a fixed position with respect
to crutch shaft 5. The notch 26 prevents pivoting of ski 1 in
either direction about pivot shaft 3. To rotate ski 1 back into the
skiing position as illustrated in FIG. 1, the user again pulls on
cord 15 which causes latch pin 9 to disengage from notch 26 and at
the same time the user also pushes downward on crutch handle 7 with
enough force to overcome the opposing force of double torsion
spring 24. This action causes ski 1 to be rotated from the position
illustrated in FIG. 3 to the position illustrated in FIG. 1. The
user then releases cord 15 which allows latch pin 9 to engage the
elongated notch 25. The ski may then rotate with respect to the
crutch to the extent allowed by length of notch 25. This lets the
ski 1 move slightly during skiing to pass over uneven snow.
Claw 21 and stop 22 are affixed to ski 1 by the means of screws.
The rear end of claw 21 is serrated as shown in FIG. 4 and the
points of the serrated portion are positioned slightly beyond the
rear end of ski 1 and in approximately the same plane as the
running surface of ski 1. Claw 21 is employed as a skid resistant
end for ski 1 when the crutch ski is used as a walking crutch and
also as a means of braking the users forward velocity when skiing.
To employ claw 21 as a brake the user tilts the crutch shaft 5
rearwardly until latch pin 9 engages the end of slot 25 which then
tilts the ski 1 to the position illustrated in FIG. 5. This causes
ski 1 to ride with only its rear end on the snow 30 thereby causing
the serrated points of claw 21 to dig into the snow 30 and cause a
retarding force that brakes the skier and aids him in staying in
control without tending to slew or slide the ski 1 outwardly.
Stop 22 is affixed to ski 1 by the means of screws 23 and is
employed as a means of obtaining a greater surface area to resist
penetration of the end of ski 1 into soft surfaces, such as snow,
when the ski 1 is oriented in the walking position as illustrated
in FIG. 3.
The unit thus is quickly converted from a skiing aid that helps
support and also helps maintain speed of a one legged or otherwise
disabled skier, to a walking aid that can be used for support for
walking. The claw and stop give positive holding action on ice and
snow so the skier can use the device in the manner of a
conventional ski pole when the skier is walking on skis, as well as
when the skier has removed his skis.
The automatic movement of the ski to the walking aid position makes
the conversion simple and quick. The user only has to pull the cord
15 and the torsion spring snaps the ski to walking position. The
conversion from walking aid to skiing aid is likewise quickly and
easily done by pulling cord 15 to release the latch and then merely
pushing down on the ski until it reaches its proper position. The
user does not have to lift the device substantially, and the
conversion is accomplished with only using one hand and arm so the
other hand and arm can be used for balance.
* * * * *