U.S. patent number 3,737,265 [Application Number 05/221,606] was granted by the patent office on 1973-06-05 for apparatus for continuous forming of gypsum bodies, in particular plates.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ferma Entwicklungswerk fur rationelle Fertigbaumethoden und. Invention is credited to Artur Hohne, Karl Schafer.
United States Patent |
3,737,265 |
Schafer , et al. |
June 5, 1973 |
APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS FORMING OF GYPSUM BODIES, IN PARTICULAR
PLATES
Abstract
An arrangement for the continuous production of form bodies, in
particular of plates of gypsum and additional material, as well as
voluminous feltering fibers by applying of the dry material onto an
endless moving form face and moistening of the material with a
quantity of water only slightly above the quantity necessary for
setting which comprises at least two storage silos storing and
discharging dry material. A conveying device having discharge
openings as well as mixing-, moisture-, pressing- and drying
stations. The conveying device includes at least one preliminary
form band consisting of a dense member and passing on a horizontal
and straight extending plane said material discharge station. The
preliminary form band is connected with at least one device
continuously measuring the weight of a material strand and
terminating in the conveying direction in a mixing device of a
combined mixing and moistening station, in which station being
connectable a form band comprises an air passing sieve-like formed
textile. The form band extends through all the stations forming the
material strand to form bodies up to at least a separating station
disposed in front of a drying station on a straight-line plane. The
form band is connectable with a conveyor defice having passing
individual frames running upright through the drying station.
Inventors: |
Schafer; Karl
(Karlsruhe-Durlach, DT), Hohne; Artur
(Karlsruhe/Baden, DT) |
Assignee: |
Ferma Entwicklungswerk fur
rationelle Fertigbaumethoden und (Ettlingen/Baden,
DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5797133 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/221,606 |
Filed: |
January 28, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jan 28, 1971 [DT] |
|
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P 21 03 931.6 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
425/140; 19/300;
425/141; 425/200; 425/223; 425/371; 425/83.1; 425/162; 425/202;
425/225 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B28B
1/521 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B28B
1/52 (20060101); B29c 003/06 (); B29d 007/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;425/81,83,140,141,162,200,202,223,225,371 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Spicer, Jr.; Robert L.
Claims
We claim:
1. An apparatus for the continuous production of forming bodies, in
particular of plates of gypsum and additional material, as well as
voluminous feltering fibers by applying of the dry material onto an
endless moving form face and moistening of the material with a
quantity of water only slightly above the quantity necessary for
setting, comprising
at least two storage silos and discharging stations associated
therewith to discharge dry material therefrom,
a conveying device passing said silos discharge openings for
receiving said materials as well as mixing-, moisturing-, pressing-
and drying stations,
said conveying device including at least one preliminary form band
consisting of a dense member and passing on a horizontal and
straight extending plane said material received from said discharge
stations,
said preliminary form band being connected with at least one device
continuously measuring the weight of a material strand and
terminating in the conveying direction in a mixing device of a
combined mixing and moistening station, in which said station being
connectable with a form band comprising an air passing sieve-like
structure formed of textile,
said form band passing through all said stations forming a material
strand of combined materials to a separating station disposed in
front of a drying station on said straight-line plane, and
said form band being connectable with an additional conveyor device
having passing individual frames running upright through said
drying station.
2. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 1, which includes
at least two devices disposed in series in the band moving
direction for the separate discharge of said fibers and of said
gypsum in strand form on top of each other,
devices for measuring and dosing of said materials in layers,
an apparatus for admixing together of said layers with the saving
of the material strand, and
a rinsing device moistening with setting water emerging from said
mixing device the material strand within its ejection parable.
3. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 2, wherein
said preliminary form band and said devices coordinated thereto of
said stations discharging, dosing and admixing together said
material are formed to a compact relatively sealingly surrounded
structural unit, and
said rinsing device is adjustably disposed on the
material-strand-discharge parable on the housing of said unit above
said material strand-discharge place.
4. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 3, which includes
a return feeding element extending over the entire discharge width
of said fibers, and disposed in the running direction of said
preliminary form band behind said discharge station for the
voluminous fiber material and above a predetermined material layer
height,
said return feeding element comprising a feed roller connected with
a suction device and suspended on a machine stand,
said return feeding element is connected with selectively
electrically or electronically controlling weight - measuring
device immovably secured to a frame of said preliminary form band,
and
said weight-measuring device comprises radioactive and rays
measuring device and is settable as to height by their
impulses.
5. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 4, which includes
a face weight measuring plate extending over the entire width of
said strand is pivotally connected on a machine stand in the
running direction of said preliminary form band behind said
discharging device for said gypsum and below said upper trum of
said preliminary form band,
said measuring plate is maintained at its freely swingable section
by a measuring device comprising an electrically controlling power
measuring box in sliding engagement with said preliminary form
band, and
impulses of said measuring device control the discharge speed of
said gypsum.
6. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 5, wherein
said mixing device for admixing said fiber-gypsum-layers and of
additional material is arranged in the end section of said
preliminary form band, and
an outwardly extending discharge lip, for the discharge of said
admixed material strand, swingable about a horizontal axis.
7. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 6, which includes
a rinsing device with at least one adjustably mounted water
distribution and extending beyond said material strand discharge
location,
said water distributor has on its side pointing toward said
material strand-discharge location at least one row, extending
crosswise over said material strand, of finest bores, in front of
which finest filters are provided.
8. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 7, wherein
said water distributor has at least one device producing
vibrations, said device comprising an ultra sound swinging
head.
9. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 8, wherein
said form band connectable in the material conveying direction
behind said preliminary form band is disposed relatively tight
below said material strand discharge lip of said preliminary form
band and has below its upper band run a non-penetrable bottom base
and a relatively short, endless underbelt moving with form band
speed and consisting of a non-penetrable working material which
extends from the material receiving section to a press station.
10. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 9, wherein
said form band is guided in the material conveying direction behind
its material receiving section with the upper band run through a
progressively narrowing press slit of a band press driven with the
same speed as the form band,
the lower press belt of said band press carries said form band and
running about at least two turning rollers and intermediate
carrying elements, while the upper press belt is surrounded
additionally by a second non-driven descaling belt,
said upper press belt likewise running over at least two upper
turning rollers mounted vertically above the lower turning rollers
and carrying elements, and
the running face of said descaling belt pointing toward said
material strand has a face structure finally forming the surface of
said material strand.
11. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 10, wherein
said turning rollers and pressure elements are adjustably mounted
perpendicularly to the form band passing plane and connected with a
driving device, and
said driving device is operable by a thickness measuring device
sensing the thickness of said material strand by impulses.
12. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 11, wherein
said pressure and carrying elements are worm-like chained together
in an endless line and capable of being driven in loop-shaped
adjustable guides with belt speed.
13. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 12, which includes
a conveyor table with an endless carrier belt, carrying said form
band and the supported pressed material strand is connectable with
a carrier belt, the upper run of which engages individually or in
groups to the conveyor plane a table plate divided into adjustable
sections.
14. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 13, wherein
said conveyor table has in its conveyor plane along the conveying
direction carrying stays which are adjustable in cross stands
individually and serve as support of the table plate sections.
15. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 14, wherein
said conveyor table is equipped in its end section with a device
crosswise thereof for separating said material strand.
16. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 15, which includes
a passage drier with an individual grid-like frame, moved in the
passage direction in upright position continuously through the
drying chamber on superposed guide rails, said passage drier being
connectable in the conveying direction of said material behind said
form band,
the upper guide rails of said individual frame on the entrance side
of said drier comprising a lifting device with conveyor chains
turning in an oblique plane for erection of said individual plane
from a horizontal position and on the exit side of said drier a
lowering device consisting of a conveyor chain running in a
parabola for lowering of said individual frames into the horizontal
position, and that below the said guide rails disposed in the form
body-conveyor plane, a path of return rails with receiving- and
conveyor-elements, co-ordinated thereto, of the lifting- and
lowering device, are arranged for the return feed of said empty
individual frames from the drier exit side to the entrance side in
horizontal position.
17. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 16, wherein
said lifting- and lowering devices have below the form body
conveying plane at least one carrying arm which is pivoted to the
drier frame and to two individual frame guide rails at the same
level arranged connected sections of said individual frame guide
rails, which guide rails with their end remote from the drier in
the form body conveying plane is secured by pivots and with its
other end pointing toward said drier are swingable between said
form body opening and the plane of the return rail, and
the liftable and lowerable guide rail-sections have at their upper
side a plurality of face like distributed conveyor rollers, divided
as to their face and projecting through cutouts of said individual
frames.
18. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 17, wherein
said form band is deviated in the range between said material
strand receiving location and said press-station by a setting
water-suspension bath,
an endless sieve-like covering band turning in the range of the
latter with the same movement as said form band, the latter running
from the side of said material strand receiving position with a
narrowing press slit to said form band through said setting
water-suspension bath and pretensioning said material strand.
19. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 18, wherein
within said setting water-suspension bath said covering band runs
about at least one press roller, to which is coordinated below said
form band a press roller, and
at least one of said rollers is movable released by an impulse.
20. The arrangement, as set forth in claim 19, wherein
said devices of said individual stations disposed within the range
of said form band forming said material strand, as well as said
drying device, connected with said form band are joined to a
compact, exchangeable structure unit.
Description
The present invention relates to a method of continuous production
of form bodies, in particular of plates of gypsum and of additional
material as well as voluminous fibers, in which by applying of the
mentioned materials in the dry state onto an endlessly moving form
face and moistening of the materials with such quantity of water,
which is only slightly above the quantity necessary for the
setting, gypsum fiber plates are produced.
It is one object of the present invention to provide a method of
continuous production of form bodies, which comprises method steps,
according to which the discharge, the dosing and distribution of
the materials in the dry state take place from its storage silos
onto a preliminary form band preceding the form band such, that a
loose cord constituting the final plate form and having at least
two layers, is formed and comprising a fiber bed and a gypsum bed
disposed thereabove or therebelow, and that both layers of the cord
are admixed together thereafter while maintaining the end form,
whereupon during, or after, respectively, the transfer of the
admixed cord from the preliminary form band onto the form band, the
setting water is fed and thereafter the moistened cord is densened
in the direction of the run of the form base.
With this described method a new way has been started for the
production of plate-shaped form bodies, as building material
selectively worked, which new way, due to the particular
characteristics of the raw material, requires also the creation of
a new arrangement for the performance of this method. Intimately
connected with this requirement is the necessity to design the
production arrangement in a construction so economically and
variably, that the production of the form bodies, as well as the
use of the parts of the arrangement is economical. The known
production arrangements for the production of
gypsum-cardboard-plates or structural bodies of gypsum and filling
material having a relatively high specific weight had to fulfill
other requirements. This results from the fact, that to the
homogenization of gypsum and the voluminous, specifically very
light fiber material appreciable difficulties are encountered,
which can be overcome only after knowledge of the reasons by a
particularly structural adjustment of the production arrangement.
The known arrangements are thus not suitable for a continuous and
economical production of formed bodies.
The object on which the present invention is based is thus to be
found in the creation of an arrangement for a continuous and
economical production of qualitatively high, easily workable form
bodies, in particular plates of a gypsum fiber mixture, whereby the
arrangement is to be formed, due to the appreciable extent,
extremely compact, economical and variable.
This task is solved in an arrangement with at least two storage
silos, storing the dry material, and one of their discharge
stations, as well as mixture-moistening-and drying-stations passed
by a conveying device such, that the conveying device contains at
least one preliminary form band, consisting of a dense textile and
passing on an essentially horizontally and straight running plane
the material discharge stations, which band is connected with at
least one device measuring continuously the material strand weight
and runs out in the conveying device in a mixing apparatus of a
combined mixing-and moisterizing-station, in which a form band,
consisting of air permeable, preferably sieve-like formed textile,
is connectable which extends through all stations forming the
material strand to form bodies up to at least the drying station
and, respectively, a preset separating station on a likewise
straight plane and is connectable with a conveying device,
preferably having individual frames passing through the drying
station in upright position.
By this arrangement, a non-objectionable forming and setting of the
material cord and of the form bodies formed therefrom is obtained.
This results from the fact, that the still dry material strand
discharged in dosing form on the preliminary form band in its
superposed layers is introduced without material loss and layer
displacement into the mixing-and-moisterizing-station, which is by
all means necessary for the formation and maintenance of a selected
mixing ratio and, thereby, for the avoidance of later errors of the
structure, for example, by gypsum nests or fiber balls.
Furthermore, the formation of the conveying device, in accordance
with the present invention, causes a non-objectionable setting,
whereby the air permeability of the form band assures an air access
from all sides and the straight line of the conveyor path the
formation of a throughout rigid structure, the maintenance of which
is supported up to the release of the dried form bodies from the
conveyor device passing through the drier.
In order to obtain the continuous and disturbance-free production
of reliably produced form bodies assuring the formation of the
material strand, in accordance with a further development of the
present invention, the preliminary form band has coordinated
thereto devices disposed in series in the band moving direction for
the separate discharge of the fiber material in the gypsum in
strand form upon each other, as well as devices for measuring and
dosing of the prevailing material layers, and, furthermore, a
device for admixing of these material layers together by
maintenance of the material strand, as well as a material strand
emerging from the mixing device within its discharge parable with a
rinsing-and-jetting-device moistening with a setting water. By this
device arrangement, in accordance with the present invention, are
the layers of the individual material exactly selected and brought
into a predetermined ratio, in order, thereafter, only after the
solution and avoidance of clump formations to admix still dry and
only upon discharge of the material strand onto the form band
moisturizing with only a moisture-quantity necessary for the
setting.
Preferably, the preliminary form band and the devices coordinated
thereto of the stations discharging, dosing and admixing the
materials are formed to a compact, relatively densely surrounded
structural unit, at the housing of which, above the material strand
discharge point, the rinsing and jetting device is arranged
adjustably as to the material strand-discharge-parable. This
arrangement has the advantages, that the apparatus parts and,
thereby, their correct function courses, are screened from the
outside relative to any influences and that, furthermore, this
arrangement part is usable as a compact arrangement with
extensively premounted and correctly set devices are capable of
use.
The previously described arrangement part can be set in with
corresponding adjustment of the form devices for the production of
selectively formed bodies. It has been found, however, that the
following form process for the production of particular
plate-shaped form bodies from a material strand bound with gypsum,
has inherent difficulties, which, by the adjustment of the
arrangement to, including the drying device, based on the
previously set tasks, can be overcome by the following described
further formations of the subject matter of the present
invention.
One of these further developments is, that the form band,
connectable behind the preliminary form band in the material
feeding device with its material receiving section, is disposed
relatively dense under the material strand discharge lip of the
preliminary form band and the mixing device, respectively, and
below its upper band trum has a non-penetrable lower bottom, for
example, a rigidly disposed band receiving table and/or a
relatively short, endless underbelt running under circumstances
about the band supporting table with the form band speed from a
non-penetrable working material, as gummed textile material, which
extends from the material receiving section into the press station.
By this arrangement, a comparatively short discharge-parable of the
admixed gypsum fiber cord is obtained with the effect, that the
only weakly moisturized materials, which are very different as to
their specific weight, do not step out of the mixture, rather, they
form a well moisturized loose fleece, whereby with the support of
the non-passable base extensive material-and-moisture losses and,
thereby, unfavorable effects on the setting process are
avoided.
A further development of the subject matter of the present
invention resides in the fact, that the form band in the material
feeding device is guided behind its material receiving section with
the upper band trum by a press slip narrowing progressively by
means of a band press driven as the form band with the same speed,
the lower press belt of which turns about at least two turning
rollers and intermediately supported carrying elements carries the
form band, while the upper press belt, likewise running over at
least two upper turning rollers, disposed vertically above the
lower turning rollers and carrying elements and intermediately
disposed pressure elements, is additionally surrounded by a second
non-driven descaling belt joining the movement without drive, the
running face of which, pointing towards the material strand, has a
face structure forming definitely the surface of the material
strand, for example, by means of a decor pressing. Preferably, the
turning rollers and pressure-and carrying-elements, respectively,
are adjustably mounted by at least a press belt vertically to the
form band passage plane and connected with a driving device which
is operable by the impulses of a thickness measuring device, which
is known per se, and sensing the thickness of the material strand
emerging from the press. The thereby obtained advantages lie in the
uniformly increasing self-setting densening of the material strand,
whereby the latter, in view of the short setting time, already from
the start of the densing up to its end phase obtains on its surface
simultaneously the desired face structure, for example, a decor
impregnation, which leads to a material compression and air
compression uniformly distributed over the total strand width, as
well as in the same manner a setting.
In order to be able to transport the densed material strand during
its hardening up to the formation of a homogenized structure, in
accordance with a further development of the present invention, a
feeding table with an endless carrying belt, capable of being
driven, with form band speed and carrying the form band and the
supported material strand thereon, the upper drum of the carrying
belt being supported on a table plate divided individually and/or
in groups into adjustable sections. By this arrangement, an
absolute plane table face can be provided.
A further development of the present invention resides in the fact,
that a passage drier with an individual frame is connectable in the
material feeding device behind the form apparatus and under
circumstances of the separating device, preferably grid-like, and
moved in passage direction in upright position continuously through
the drying chamber on superposed guide rails, the upper guide rails
of the individual frame, being disposed on the entrance side of the
drier, a lifting device with, for example, feeding chains, running
in an oblique plane for erecting of the individual frames from a
horizontal position and on the exit side of the drier as lowering
device with, for example, feeding chains, running in a parable for
lowering of the individual frames back into the horizontal
position, and that below the mentioned guide rails disposed in the
form body-feeding plane a path of return rails with receiving and
feeding elements of the lifting and lowering devices for returning
of the empty individual frames from the drier discharge side to the
entrance side are disposed in horizontal position. By this design,
a break-safe and winding-free feeding of the plate-shaped form
bodies separated from the material strand is made possible by the
passage drier, which is particularly compact and space saving. The
form bodies which are, prior to the drying, still soft and thus, in
particular at their edges, abutment-and break-sensitive, are moved
with feeding rollers plane and without edge stress unto one of the
individual frames and from the latter supported at large faces and
uniformly in continuous rows slowly carried through the drier,
whereupon the empty frames are transported back in horizontal
position through a narrow return shaft with higher speed to the
form bodies receiving station.
The arrangement can, depending upon the final form of the form
bodies and also according to the parts, be held variable. Thus, for
example, for the production of comparatively thick and high form
bodies, respectively, a plurality of superposed preliminary form
bands feed the gypsum and the fiber materials simply or multiple,
as well as additional material, in predetermined dosages to the
mixing device. Furthermore, the form band can be turned in front of
the press through suspension baths, in which the material fleece
highly arranged in layers on the band is prepared by progressive
predensening for the following pressing process. Also, for the
production of, for example, parallelepiped-shaped form bodies
behind the preliminary form band or the press, in accordance with
the present invention, a correspondingly formed form press can be
connected. It is proposed, therefore, that the devices of the
individual stations, as well as the drying device connected with
the form band, disposed within the range of the form band of the
individual station and forming the material strand and the form
bodies, respectively, are joined to a compact, exchangeable
structural unit.
With these and other objects in view, which will become apparent in
the following detailed description, the present invention, which is
shown by example only, will be clearly understood in connection
with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a section of the forward section of an arrangement from
the production of the gypsum fiber fleece up to the press exit;
FIG. 2 is a setion of the rear portion of the arrangement from the
exit of the press in FIG. 1 up to the drier discharge side;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the water distributor of a rinsing
device at a larger scale than that of FIG. 1 and partly broken open
for better demonstration;
FIG. 4 is a section of the material receiving portion of the form
band with a non-penetrable bottom at a larger scale than that in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a section of a feeding table with a
table plate divided into adjustable sections at a larger scale than
that of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 6 is a section of setting water suspension bath.
Referring now to the drawings and in particular to FIGS. 1 and 2,
an entire arrangement for the production of gypsum fiber plates is
shown, which have a thickness of about 10 mm., which is
conventional in the building trade for covering plates and which
are produced from a strand consisting exclusively of gypsum fiber
material and passing a plurality of producing stations.
The arrangement is divided into sections, which contain the
structurally and also operatively working stations and their
devices which are dependent upon each other and are formed as
exchangeable, structural units. The first section 10 is disclosed
in FIG. 1, in which a preliminary form band 11 of a dense, for
example, a rubberized textile, runs on a horizontal and straight
extending plane about turning rollers 12 and 13 and a plane
polishing table 14. This polishing table 14 carries the entire
upper band trum and is divided into comparatively closely to each
other disposed sections 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d. Above the table
section 14a, at the start of the running path of a preliminary form
band, is disposed a discharge device 15 for the fiber material 16,
which is dissolved in a known device (not shown) and is fed by
means of a partly shown band 17 to a funnel-shaped storage box 18
extending over the total width of the fiber fleece to be formed. At
the starting plate above the preliminary form band are mounted next
to each other three brush rollers 19 which are surrounded on the
lower, i. e. , on the preliminary form band side of sieve-shaped
walls 20. This arrangement causes that the fiber material is again
loosened and is finely divided, discharged onto the preliminary
form band.
In the band running direction behind the previously described
discharge device 15 for the fiber material 16 is a known equalizer
21 disposed and formed as return feeding element. It contains a
spiked feed roller 22, which extends with a predetermined distance
crosswise over the preliminary form band. A suction channel 23
surrounding this roller 22 in its upper range leads, in a known
manner, the fiber material disposed in known manner, resting above
the predetermined fleece height, renewed to the fiber storage
bunker. The spiked feed roller 22 is at a height, that means, in
its distance from the preliminary form band, adjustable from a
known (not shown) electric setting motor, which is connected
likewise with a likewise connected radioactive operating measuring
device 24 which measures the ray passage.
This measuring device 24 is disposed below the upper trum of the
preliminary form band in a slit between the section 14a and the
second section 14b of the polishing table 14 following in the band
running direction and reacts to each deviation of the previously
set fiber fleece height by impulse ejection to the setting motor
correcting the position of the roller 22. By this arrangement and
exact dosing of the fiber material and, thereby, the start of the
formation of the material strand, is obtained.
Above the connected second section 14b connected with the strand
running connection of the polishing table is disposed a discharge
device 25 extending over the entire width of the preliminary form
band for the gypsum. From a silo (not shown) the gypsum is fed to
the distribution container of this discharge device, on the exit
side of which a dosing roller 26 provided with a groove designed at
its peripheral face, and a brush roller 27 rotate, which likewise
extends crosswise over the preliminary form band. The brush roller
is parallel to the dosing roller and runs simultaneously with the
dosing roller. By this arrangement, the bristles strike the gypsum
emitting from the distribution container by the grooves of the
dosing roller downwardly on the uniformly transported fiber fleece,
whereby a likewise uniform gypsum layer starting is obtained. In
order to always obtain the correct ratio of the gypsum fiber
layers, the preliminary form band polishing table is formed in the
band running direction behind the gypsum discharge place to a face
rate measuring plate 14c. This measuring plate is swingable about a
pivot 28 downwardly, however, is with its free end section in the
polishing plane of the preliminary form band of the switching
element of an electrically controlled power measuring dose 29,
which is connected with a driving element of gypsum discharge
rollers, thus, of the dosing roller 26 and the brush roller 27. The
power measuring dose reacts to each deviation from the
predetermined face weight of the gypsum fiber strand and regulates
with its switching impulses the rotary speed of th gypsum discharge
rollers and, thereby, the discharge speed of the gypsum.
The gypsum fiber strand dosed in previously known manner and in a
quantity ratio and coinsiding as to quantity ration is fed in the
entering of the preliminary form band to a mixing device 30, in
which the gypsum and fiber layers are mixed in a dry state. This
mixing device contains above the returning roller 13 of the
preliminary form band a continuously moving brush roller 31, with
which its brushes strike off the gypsum fiber material of the
preliminary form band and is transformed in the inner space of the
mixture housing 32. This mixture housing is formed like a shaft and
has the longitudinal direction three rollers 33 mounted in series
and oppositely drivable to each other as mixing rollers which is
continuous solution of the gypsum fiber material admix between each
other and eject over an outwardly extending discharge lip 34. This
discharge lip 34 is jointly with the mixing housing 32 and the
roller 33 swingable about the axle point of the brush roller 31,
whereby the discharge parable of the gypsum fiber material is
settable. Above the previously described material ejection place
the water distributor 36 of a watering device is suspended on a
gallows like device 35. By a tubular conduit 37 adjusted at its
cross section, a sufficient quantity of water is fed for the
setting of the gypsum to a perforated distribution tube 38
extending over the total material and from which the water is
finally divided without pressure in the ejecting parable of the
material strand by finest filters 39 and a distribution plate 41
equipped with a plurality of rows of finest bores 40. In FIG. 3 the
arrangement in the water distributor is shown in a perspective view
and more clarified at a larger scale. For support of the effect,
the water distributor is equipped with an ultra sound swinging head
42, the swinging of which supports the water distribution.
Below the ejection lip 34 of the mixer housing 32 extends a band
supporting table 43 of a band press 44 serving as non-passing under
bottom on the material strand ejection plate, which band press 44
substantially forms the second section of the total arrangement. On
this band supporting table slides a form band 45 of sieve-like
metal textile, which in operation after the cycle mounted below the
mixing housing 32 is guided over the band supporting table and
receives there the material strand which was ejected after the
mixing procedure and in the meantime is moistened. In the
embodiment of FIG. 4 at first a relatively short endless belt 47 is
guided about the band supporting table 43, which carries with its
upper endless belt the form band. This lower belt is driven by the
turning roller 46 with the same speed as that of the form band
45.
Since the conveying speed as well as the continuity of both bands,
thus, of the preliminary form band 11 and the form band 45 coincide
exactly and are maintained with known means, a corresponding close
application of layers of the material is assured also after the
mixing process and a moistening with an exactly dosed for
preliminary forming of the material strand on the preliminary form
band.
The form band 45 runs through with its upper drum from the material
and receiving point to a progressively narrowing pressing split 48
of the already mentioned band press 44 which is driven with the
same speed as the form band 45. This press split is formed between
an endless press belt 51 as well as an endless press belt 52 which
in adjustment to the lower press belt 51 exactly above the latter
runs about turning rollers 53 and inbetween in series disposed
pressure rollers 54 between which press belt 51 is disposed below
the form band upper trum, about turning rollers 49 and with its
upper trum in the same level as the band mounting table 43 on an
endless press belt 51 as well as a press belt 52 likewise endlessly
disposed above the form upper trum, which in adjustment to the
lower press belt 51, runs exactly above the latter about turning
rollers and pressure rollers disposed in series inbetween.
The last mentioned upper turning rollers 53 and pressure rollers 54
are perpendicularly mounted above the lower turning rollers 49 and
carrying rollers 50 and at their bearing position at the height and
the distance from the lwoer rollers 49 and 50. The setting movement
of these upper rollers 53 and 54 is controlled by a measuring
device 55 by means of a drive (not shown) in the exit range of the
press, and electrically sensing the thickness of the material
strand emerging from the press. The measuring device reacts to each
variation of the material strand thickness relative to a given
thickness and controls the drive such, that the press pressure is
increased in case of a thickness increase and is reduced in case of
a thickness reduction.
The upper press 52 and its roller system are additionally
surrounded by a non driven joining descaling belt 56 which likewise
runs endless about turning rollers 57 and is guided above the press
belt 52 by a cleaning bath 58, where it is freed from a
continuously turning brush roller 59 from possibly adhering parts
of the material strand. This is particularly necessary if the
running face pointing towards the material has finally a surface
structure of the material strand by example for impregnation of a
decor as is conventional in wall and cover plates.
On the band press 44 is connected in the material feeding direction
a feeding table 60, which is shown in FIG. 2, the conveying plane
of which runs horizontally and straight with the press split 48 of
the band press. The conveying table has in the conveying plane
along the conveying direction carrying stays 61 extending in the
conveying direction, which are mounted individually in cross stands
62 and are settable as to the height by known adjusting means. As
shown in the top plan view of FIG. 5, the table plate consists of
differently wide sections 63 which are supported on the adjustable
carrying stays 61 and thus can be adjusted into an exact plane.
About the table plate runs a carrying belt 64 which is driven by
one of the turning rollers 65 with form band speed. On the upper
trum of the carrying belt the form band 45 and the material strand
disposed thereon are uniformly conveyed without any pull-,
pressure- or bending-stress for the material setting time. With the
carrying belt 64 runs also the form band about the turning roller
65 disposed in the end section of the conveying table and below the
table plate and of the lower press belt of the press back in the
material receiving position.
On this feeding table 60 is connected a known cross separation
device 66 with a cross wise longitudinally movable suspending
circular saw 67, which is operated by an end switch (not shown )
and separates from the material strand plates of predetermined
length. It is to be understood that instead of the shown saw
another crosswise separation device an intermittently or adjusted
slowly or continuously running frame with edges, which separate the
plates, as long as this device is suitable, the set and widely
homogenized, however, still not sufficiently hardened structure of
the material strand to work without pulling- and
bending-stress.
Behind this cross separation device 66 is a run through drier 68
with a number in a continuous row relatively slowly through the
drying chamber grid shaped individual frame 69 and at its four
corners equipped with running rollers, which receive on the
entrance side in horizontal position a gypsum fiber plate, carried
then in upright position through the dry chamber and thereafter
release the same in horizontal position for storing or further
working. The drying chamber contains on both sides known hot air
blowers, of which the hot air through guide sheets are fed to the
passing gypsum fiber plate. This run through drier 68 and its
conveying and lifting and lowering devices form the third section
of the arrangement.
On the entrance side as well as on the exit side of the run through
drier 68 its frame 70 is equipped in front of and behind the drying
chamber at the height of the form band-upper trum and the plate
conveying plane with conveying rollers 71 driven in knwon manner
and conveying automatically from plates separated from the material
strand. On the frame sides are pivotally connected at about the
length of the individual frames corresponding with the distance
from the drying chamber sections 72 and 73 of guide rails for the
individual frames at 72a and 73a which likewise have upwardly
protecting mounted feeding rollers 74. These rail sections 72 and
73 are swingable from a known hydraulically operable advance
setting device pivotally connected over a carrying arm 75 on the
one hand on the rail section and on the other hand on the drive
rail in vertical direction in the manner of switches.
Both carrying arms 75 move the free end of the rail sections in a
controlled cycle between the end sections of two rail paths
disposed on top of each other in the drying chamber, and in
particular an upper path guided rails 76 for the guidance of the
loaded individual frames and a return rail of a lower path for the
return of the empty individual frames. The upper rail path 76 lies
about in the plate feeding plane and receives during entrance of
the individual frames 69 loaded with the gypsum fiber plates merely
the rear running rollers. During the drying process the frames run
with a gypsum fiber plate in the drying chamber in nearly vertical
upright position, whereupon the front frame edge is lifted by an
obliquely turning feeding chain 78 during entrance of the frame of
the front frame edge of the frames and by running rollers is
inserted into further guide rails 79 over the guide rail 76 over a
path extending parallel to the latter. Within the range of this
last mentioned guide rail 79 extends likewise through the entire
drying chamber on both sides the continuously driven feeding chain
80 with joinders 81, which grip behind the upper edge of the
individual frames and transport the latter simultaneously through
the drying chamber. In connection with the feeding chain 80 and on
the frame exit side of the drier further feeding chains running in
a parable are disposed, which grip during the exit of the frame
grip its upper edge from the end lowered to the feeding plane, in
order to return the frames in the gypsum fiber plates in the
horizontal position. The operation takes place as follows:
During the feed of the gypsum fiber plates continuously fed towards
the run through drier on the switch like guide rail section 72,
which is turned into the upper position, an empty individual frame
69 is provided by the grids of which the feeding rollers 74 extend
upwardly and permit the rolling of the plate to be dried. Then the
forward edge of the frame is gripped by the joinders of the feeding
chain 78 turning obliquely upwardly and are lifted until the height
of the upper guide rail 79, where they are moved by the upper
feeding chains 80 by means of insertion of the running rollers of
the frame in the guide rail into the inside of the drying chamber.
Simultaneously the now lower running rollers of the frame run into
the lower guide rail 76 disposed in the conveyer plane. The frame
and the gypsum fiber plate to be dried pass by the joinder from the
slowly running conveyer chains 80 likewise slowly the drying
chamber, on the exit side of which the upper edge of the frame is
lowered by the conveyer chains 82 running backwardly upwardly into
the conveyer plane. The rail section 73 which swung likewise into
the upper position picks up the frame horizontally lying, whereby
its conveyer rolls 74 grip through the grid of the frame, in order
to lift the dried gypsum fiber plate from the frame and to permit
rolling off over the connected conveyer rollers 71. Now the rail
section 73 with the empty frame is swung downwardly with the free
end up to the return rails 77, whereby there the frame is gripped
by return chains 83 and is conveyed backwards in horizontal
position below the drying chamber up to the entrance side. Here in
the meantime the rail section 72 has been brought into the lower
swinging position for the renewed reception of the empty frame in
order to swing the latter at the given time upwardly into the
conveyer plane. It is to be understood, that the total arrangement,
as has been mentioned before, is expandable by addition of further
working devices or completions of the described parts of the
arrangements, whereby the working devices are joined suitably to
compact the changeable structural unit. Such widening or expansion
is the addition of a setting water suspension bath, which is shown
by example in FIG. 6. For the production of plates with the
thickness of 20 and more mllimeter often a stronger moistening of
the material strand can be necessary. It is proposed therefore, to
arrange the form band 45 behind the material receiving plate
between two rows of rollers 84 and 85 which are disposed on top of
each other to deviate by a setting water suspension bath 86. In the
setting water is suitably an addition, by example, chlor-calcium
dissolved, which accelerates the setting of the gypsum. The lower
rollers 84 are disposed below the passing upper trum of the form
band 45 and carry the band with the layers of gypsum fiber strand
through the water bath. Over these carrying rollers 84 are the
rollers 85 of the upper row disposed from the side of the material
receiving place with increasingly narrowing distance, so that a
densing press split is formed increasingly for the passing material
strand. These upper rollers 85 serve thereby the press rollers and
the coordinated lower rollers 84 which carry the form band as
counter pressure rollers. In order to obtain a uniform preliminary
densening of the material strand, below the upper roller row 85 a
sieve like covering band 87 which is endless and runs below the
upper row of the rollers 85, which passes with the same speed as
the form band the press split. A few of the upper press rollers 85
disposed however, below the water level are moveably mounted in the
direction toward the counter press roller 84 coordinated thereto.
They have at their bearing places driving elements (not shown)
which are connected with a vibrator 88. By its impulses the press
rollers 85 are moved in the direction towards the counter press
rollers 84 with vibration, what enhances the exit of air from the
material strand and thereby the uniform penetration of the setting
water.
The arrangement in accordance with the present invention makes
possible with the comparatively low machine and spacial expenditure
a high production capacity with continuous production of gypsum
fiber plates. Also it makes possible the continuous production of
other form bodies from the mentioned material, as already has been
mentioned to the first section of the described total arrangement
and correspondingly adjusted form device is connected. Also in the
first section the preliminary form band can run over more than two
in series arranged discharging devices in order to admix to the
gypsum fiber material additional material by example such which
release during compression of the material strand setting humidity
and/or additionally solidify the structure. The dosing of this
additional material takes place suitably in the manner provided for
the gypsum.
While we have disclosed several embodiments of the present
invention, it is to be understood that these embodiments are given
by example only and not in a limiting sense.
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