U.S. patent number 3,731,448 [Application Number 05/204,426] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-08 for duct terminator.
Invention is credited to Herbert S. Leo.
United States Patent |
3,731,448 |
Leo |
May 8, 1973 |
DUCT TERMINATOR
Abstract
A duct terminator for use in the concrete wall of an underground
vault, or the like, for housing electrical equipment, such
terminator including a pair of barrier walls spaced apart at a
distance substantially corresponding to the thickness of the
concrete wall. A plurality of spaced receptacles extend between the
barrier walls to form through passages for receipt of the
extremities of a plurality of respective ducts whereby the
terminator may be positioned in the concrete form for the vault
wall and concrete poured thereinto to provide a plurality of spaced
passages in the vault wall for receipt of the extremities of such
ducts. The terminator may be made in modular form and may be formed
with interlocking flanges whereby a plurality of modules may be
assembled for forming a composite receptacle pattern of any desired
configuration.
Inventors: |
Leo; Herbert S. (Los Angeles,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
22757821 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/204,426 |
Filed: |
December 3, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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853727 |
Aug 28, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/592.1;
52/589.1; 52/20; 52/606; 138/112; 174/37; 249/83; 52/220.8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02G
9/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H02G
9/00 (20060101); H02G 9/10 (20060101); E04c
001/39 (); E04f 017/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;52/173,220,221,302,303,594,595,437,606 ;138/111,112 ;174/37 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Perham; Alfred C.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of my patent application Ser. No.
853,727 filed Aug. 28, 1969 and now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. Duct terminator apparatus to be positioned in the concrete wall
of an underground vault or the like at which a plurality of ducts
are to terminate, said apparatus being positioned in the form used
to shape said wall and said apparatus comprising:
a plurality of terminator modules each including respective pairs
of barrier walls spaced apart at a distance corresponding
substantially to the thickness of said concrete wall and formed at
their one extremities with respective female flanges and at their
opposite extremities with male flanges for interfitting the female
flanges of adjacent modules, each of said modules further including
receptacles extending between said barrier walls to form through
passages from one of said barrier walls to the other, and with said
modules being assembled by interfitting the male and female flanges
of adjacent modules whereby concrete poured between said vertical
walls during pouring of said vault will position said modules in
said vertical walls to form spaced passages for receipt of the
extremities of said ducts.
2. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
the intermediate portion of each of said receptacles are formed
with peripheral shoulders for abutment with the extremities of the
respective ducts.
3. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
each of said receptacles if formed with a frustoconical shaped
portion defining a passage which progressively decreases in
cross-sectional area toward the wall opposite to the wall from
which said ducts enter to assist in leading said ducts
thereinto.
4. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said receptacles are disposed in spaced-apart relationship for
receiving concrete reinforcing bars therebetween.
5. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein:
said receptacles are disposed in spaced-apart relationship for
receiving horizontal and vertical concrete reinforcing bars
therebetween.
6. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said passages flare radially outwardly away from the wall through
which said ducts enter to provide tapered surfaces over which
conduits fed through said ducts may ride.
7. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
certain of said modules include receptacles formed with passages
having a selected cross-section and in other of said modules the
receptacles thereof are formed with passages having a second
cross-section.
8. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said female flanges are in the form of grooves and said male
flanges are in the form of tongues for interlocking in said
respective grooves.
9. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 8 wherein:
the grooves forming said female flanges are elongated whereby said
tongues may be shifted longitudinally therein to re-position the
receptacles of certain modules with respect to the receptacles in
other modules.
10. A duct terminator to be positioned in the concrete wall of an
underground vault or the like at which the duct is to terminate,
said duct terminator being positioned in the form used to shape
said wall, and said duct terminator comprising:
a pair of barrier walls spaced apart at a distance substantially
corresponding to the thickness of said concrete wall for receipt of
concrete therebetween;
receptacle means extending between said barrier walls and forming
through passage means from one of said barrier walls to the other
of said barrier walls, the ends of said receptacle means being
integral with said barrier walls whereby said terminator may be
positioned in said form and concrete poured into said form to
provide a concrete wall having passage means extending therethrough
for receipt of the said duct; and
with the intermediate portion of said receptacle means being formed
with a peripheral shoulder for abutment with the extremities of
said duct, said receptacle means being provided with a radially
outwardly extending flare at its end opposite the end from which
said duct is received.
11. A duct terminator as set forth in claim 10 wherein:
said receptacle means includes a web normally blocking
communication through said passage means and which may be removed
before said duct is installed.
12. A duct terminator as set forth in claim 10:
wherein the edges of said barrier walls are formed with
complementarily interfitting connection means whereby a plurality
of said duct terminators may be coupled together.
13. A duct terminator as set forth in claim 10:
which further includes cap means removably secured to said barrier
walls to selectively block communication through said passage
means.
14. Duct terminator apparatus to be positioned in the concrete wall
of an underground vault or the like at which a plurality of ducts
are to terminate, said apparatus being positioned in the form used
to shape said wall and said apparatus comprising:
a plurality of like terminator modules each including respective
pairs of barrier walls spaced apart at a distance corresponding
substantially to the thickness of said concrete wall and formed at
their edges with complementary male and female flanges and grooves
for coupling said edges together, each of said modules further
including a receptacle extending between said barrier walls to form
a through passage from one of said barrier walls to the other, and
with said modules being assembled by interfitting the male and
female flanges of adjacent modules whereby concrete poured between
said vertical walls during pouring of said vault will position said
modules in said vertical walls to form spaced passages for receipt
of the extremities of said ducts.
15. A duct terminator apparatus as set forth in claim 14:
which further includes cap means removably secured to said barrier
walls to selectively block communication through said passage
means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to underground ducting for
receipt of electrical cables, or the like, and more specifically to
duct terminators which form passages extending through concrete
walls of, for example, a vault at which the ducts terminate for
receipt of the extremity of the ducts.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Prior art devices for termination of communication and power cables
at a concrete wall are for single ducts only and are commonly
referred to as end bells or coupling end bells. These end bells
generally comprise a cylindrical receptacle projecting through the
concrete wall and some versions thereof include an exterior flange
disposed intermediate the ends of the receptacle and projecting
radially outwardly for a relatively short distance. Since the end
bell for each duct is an individual unit, it is necessary for the
workmen building the concrete wall in which they are used to
individually position each end bell to provide the desired duct
spacing and to attach them individually to the form for the
concrete wall or other supporting structure. Further, curing and
consequent shrinkage of the concrete frequently causes it to shrink
away from the exterior of the end bells thereby forming a
peripheral crack through which water may pass to the interior side
of the concrete wall.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is characterized by a duct terminator
including a pair of spaced apart barrier walls having a plurality
of receptacles extending therebetween and disposed in spaced
relation with respect to one another. The receptacles form
respective through passages for receipt of the extremities of ducts
terminating at such wall. Thus, the terminator may be positioned
within the form utilized for shaping the concrete wall and concrete
may be poured between the two barrier walls and around the
receptacles to thereby provide a continuous concrete wall having
passages extending therethrough for receipt of the extremity of
ducts leading to such wall.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a duct
terminator of the type described which locates the duct receptacles
in spaced relation with respect to one another.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a duct
terminator of the type described which forms a barrier to prevent
water seepage through the peripheral crack formed around the
receptacle by the concrete curing and shrinking away from such
receptacle.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
duct terminator of the type described which is comprised of
interconnecting modules whereby the size and arrangement of the
receptacles may be selected in accordance with the particular
installation.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a duct
terminator arrangement employing a plurality of single passage
units the sides of which are formed with complementary connection
means so that such units may be employed singly or in groups.
Yet a further object is to provide a removable cap for duct
terminators of the aforedescribed nature.
These and other objects and the advantages of the present invention
will become apparent from the consideration of the following
detailed description when taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away, of a concrete
vault including a duct terminator embodying the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view, in enlarged scale, taken along
the line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an end elevational view of a vault including a
modification of the duct terminator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view, in enlarged scale, taken along
the line 5--5 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an end elevational view of a vault including a second
embodiment of the duct terminator of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line 7--7 of
FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a modification of the duct terminator shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view through the center of a receptacle
including in a modification of the duct terminator shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 9 of a second
modification of the duct terminator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a concrete vault utilizing a
single-passage duct terminator arrangement embodying the present
invention;
FIG. 12 is a front view in enlarged scale of one of the
single-passage terminators shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a broken front view showing a plurality of the
single-passage duct terminators in an interconnected
configuration;
FIG. 14 is a rear elevational view of the duct terminators shown in
FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view taken in enlarged scale along
line 15--15 of FIG. 11;
FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view taken in enlarged scale along
line 16--16 of FIG. 11;
FIG. 17 is a side elevational view of a cap member which may be
utilized with the duct terminator of FIGS. 11-16; and
FIG. 18 is a front view of said cap member.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, generally the duct terminator 19 of the
present invention is particularly adapted for use in the vertical
wall of a concrete underground vault 21 for housing electrical
utility equipment (not shown) or the like. Referring to FIGS. 2 and
5, the duct terminator 19 may be molded by the vacuum process
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,256,565 and includes a pair of
vertical side walls 27 and 29 which are spaced apart at a distance
substantially equivalent to the thickness of the wall of the vault
21 in the area in which the terminator is installed and a plurality
of tubular receptacles 31 extend between such walls and form
through passages 33 for receipt of the extremities of ducts 35. The
terminators 19 may include interfitting male and female groove type
flanges 37 and 39, respectively formed by the respective lower and
upper extremities of the walls 27 and 29 whereby such terminators
may be coupled together in stacked relation as shown in FIG. 1 to
provide the desired number and arrangement of receptacle passages
33. Thus, the terminators 19 may be installed in a concrete form 41
for the wall of the vault 21 and concrete may be poured thereinto.
The concrete 45 will flow in and around the receptacles 31 and when
such concrete cures, a continuous wall will be provided with
passages 33 extending therethrough for receipt of the extremities
of the ducts 35 interconnecting adjacent vaults and the walls 27
and 29 will act as barriers against penetration of dirt or water
around the outer periphery of the respective receptacles 31.
Referring to FIG. 2, the upper extremities of the walls 27 and 29
of each of the duct terminators 19 are formed with outwardly
opening horizontally extending grooves which define the female
interlocking flanges 39. The lower extremities of the walls 27 and
29 are formed with inwardly projecting horizontally extending
tongues which define the male flanges 27 that interlock with the
female flanges 29 of the respective adjacent terminators 19.
Referring to FIG. 5, the receptacles 31 each include a slightly
frusto-conical shaped portion 47 which receives the extremities of
the respective ducts 35 and reduced-in-diameter area defining a
rounded shoulder 49 against which the end of the duct 35 may abut.
The receptacle 31 flares radially outwardly from the shoulder 49 to
define a bell shaped flare 51 over which electrical cables and/or
conductors threaded through the ducts 35 may ride.
In operation, when a vault 21 is to be poured the inner and outer
forms 41 are assembled to provide a space defining the thickness of
the vertical walls of such vault. The terminators 19 may then be
assembled together to provide the desired number of receptacles 31
and spacing therebetween. In this regard, it is important to note
that duct terminators 19' (FIG. 4) having relatively large
receptacles may be assembled with the smaller terminators 19 to
provide a composite terminator assembly for receipt of ducts 35
having different diameters.
After the terminators 19 are assembled and positioned within the
form 41, vertical and horizontal reinforcing rods 61 and 63,
respectively, may be installed and wired in position to provide the
desired reinforcement for the concrete. It is important to note
that the receptacles 31 may be arranged to provide duct spacing to
conform to the functional requirements for the individual power or
communication installation while providing spacing between the
receptacles 31 for projection of the reinforcing rods 61 and 63
therebetween to thereby provide reinforcement, where needed,
between adjacent receptacles 31. The concrete 45 is then poured
into the forms 41 and, if necessary, vibrated and will flow in
between the adjacent receptacles 31 to provide a continuous
concrete wall that extends through the space between the vertical
walls 27 and 29 of the terminators 19 through which the receptacles
31 define passages for receipt of the extremities of the ducts
35.
Subsequently the forms 41 are removed and the ducts 35 may be
installed in trenches extending between adjacent vaults and the
ends thereof abutted against, or positioned in confrontation with,
the shoulders 49. It is noted that the slight frusto-conical shape
of the passages 33 provide for convenient insertion of the duct
extremities to provide a tight fit. The extremities may be cemented
in the passages 33 to provide a tight seal. Electrical cables may
then be fed through ducts 35 and the lead end thereof will pass up
and over the rounded shoulders 49 and such cables will ride down
over the bell shaped flare 51 to be connected with equipment
installed within the vault. It is noted that the shoulder 49 is
somewhat thicker than the wall of the duct 35 whereby equal outer
diameter ducts 35 having thicker walls may conveniently be
installed therein. After installation of the duct 35 is complete,
the trench between the ducts 35 may either be filled with concrete
or soil may be thrown back into the trench and compacted. A
particularly noteworthy advantage of the terminators 19 of the
present invention is that the vertical walls 27 and 29 will provide
a water barrier to prevent admission of water within the cracks
which are frequently formed by the curing concrete drying and
shrinking and pulling away from the outer periphery of the
receptacles 31.
The terminator shown in FIG. 6 is similar to that shown in FIG. 1
except that the entire pattern of receptacles forming the passages
33 are formed by a unitary terminator, generally designated 67,
including single vertical outer and inner walls 69 and 71,
respectively, (FIG. 7). The trench leading to the vault 73 shown in
FIG. 7 is filled with concrete 75 which surrounds and supports the
ducts 35. It will be clear from FIG. 7 that even though the curing
concrete may shrink and pull away from the outer periphery of the
receptacles 31 leaving cracks 76, the flat walls 69 and 71 will
force any water from the surrounding ground to follow a labyrinth
in behind the wall 71, through the cracks 76 and then out from
behind the wall 69 thereby effectively blocking entry to the
vault.
The duct terminators, generally designated 81, shown in FIG. 8 are
substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 1 except that one
terminator is shifted longitudinally with respect to the other to
provide staggered, spaced relationship between the passages 33
whereby cables and/or conductors fed through parallel ducts
connected therewith will not interfere with the cables and/or
conductors fed in the same direction through the passages 33 in the
adjacent terminators.
The receptacles 31' shown in FIG. 9 are similar to those shown in
FIG. 5 with the inclusion of centrally located webs, generally
designated 85, which are formed by layers 87 and 89 resulting from
the forming process employed to form the receptacles 31' from the
respective walls 27 and 29. The webs 85 are formed with peripheral
weakened outlines 91 for convenient removal of such webs after the
terminators have been installed. Thus, a duct terminator employing
the web 85 may be installed and dirt and soil will be prevented
from entering the concrete vault until such web is removed. The web
85 may then be conveniently removed immediately prior to the
installation of the ducts 35. Thus, extra reserve duct terminators
may be installed at the time of vault construction for future
expansion and addition of more ducts 35 at a later date.
The terminators shown in FIG. 10 are substantially similar to those
shown in FIG. 1 except that the barrier walls 27 and 29 are formed
with respective top and bottom male and female flanges 95 and 97
which interfit to maintain the duct terminators positioned with
respect to one another. Obviously, these flanges could take many
different forms.
Referring now to FIGS. 11-16 there is shown a single-passage duct
terminator, generally designated 100, embodying the present
invention. With particular reference to FIG. 11, a plurality of
twelve such duct terminators 100 are shown arranged in the vertical
wall 102 of a concrete vault 104 to which a plurality of ducts 108
are affixed and terminated. Note that the ducts 108 are not shown
in FIG. 13 in the interest of clarity. Each of the duct terminators
100 is of like construction and utilizes a pair of vertical barrier
walls 110 and 112 which are spaced apart at a distance
substantially equivalent to the thickness of the wall 102 of the
vault 104 in the area where the terminators are installed. An
integral tubular receptacle 116 extends between the side walls 110
and 112 to form the passage 114 for receipt of the extremity of one
of the ducts 108.
The upper edge and left-hand edges of the side walls 110 and 112
are formed with male flanges 120 and 122, respectively, that
complementarily interfit female grooves 124 and 126 formed along
the lower edge and right-hand edge of the other duct terminators
whereby the plurality of terminators may be coupled together in the
stacked relationship shown in FIG. 11.
Again referring to FIG. 11 it will be noted that four horizontal
rows of interlocked vertically spaced, single-passage duct
terminators 100 are shown. The top row of duct terminators does not
support ducts 108, but instead each terminator is provided with a
cap, generally designated 130. The details of such caps 130 are
shown in FIGS. 16, 17 and 18. Referring to the latter figures, each
cap 130 includes a cylindrical neck 132 formed at its inner end
with a plurality of like, radially extending locking lugs 134. The
opposite end of the neck 132 is formed with a dome-shaped cover
140. The mid-portion of the cover 140 is formed with a
hexagonal-shaped boss 142 to receive a wrench (not shown) for a
purpose to be described hereinafter. As shown at 144 in FIG. 17,
the outwardly-facing surfaces of locking lugs 134 are tapered.
The locking lugs 134 of each cap are designated to enter
complementary radially outwardly extending openings 146 formed in
the periphery of the inner and outer ends of the passages 114 of
the receptacles 116 of each duct terminator 100. The relative size
of the locking lugs 134 and their respective openings 146 should be
such that the locking lugs can be inserted axially through the
openings. Thereafter, the cap 130 will be rotated, as by the
application of a wrench to the boss 142, so as to cam the tapered
surfaces of the locking lugs 134 into tight engagement with its
respective duct terminator 100. In this manner the locking lugs
will serve to restrain the cap 130 against inadvertent reverse
rotation and provide increased sealing pressure at the interface
between the cap and its duct terminator.
Referring to FIG. 15 it should be noted that the vertical or
horizontal spacing between the centers of the ducts 108 may be
extended by the use of a pair of like, elongated male extender
elements 150. The upper edge of each male extender element 150 is
provided with a male flange 152 which interfits with the
complementary female groove 124 formed in the lower edge of each
upper duct terminator 100. The lower edge of each of the male
extenders 150 is formed with female grooves 156 which in turn
complementarily interfit with the male flanges 120 of the lower
edge of each duct terminator 100.
To assembly the duct terminators 100 into the arrangement shown in
FIG. 11, individual rows of three duct terminators 100 will be
pre-assembled by means of their male and female flange and groove
connections. Preferably, a suitable cement is applied to the mating
surfaces. After the desired number of rows have been so
pre-assembled, proximate edges of the rows will be interfitted, an
adhesive again being applied to the the mating surfaces. The
provision of the caps 130 permit one or more of the duct
terminators 100 to be initially sealed for later reception of a
duct 108. With this arrangement the concrete vault 104 is provided
with extra duct capacity when such vault is constructed and
accordingly will not require costly reworking at such time as
additional ducts are needed. The caps 130 may be rendered
watertight by utilizing a non-hardening sealant. Alternatively, if
a cap is to be permanently sealed relative to its respective duct
terminator a suitable cement will be employed. Where a cap 130 is
cemented in its duct terminator the dome 140 thereof may be sawed
off the neck 132 along a line designated 150 in FIG. 16 to permit
reception of a duct 108. Note that the caps 130 may also be
employed to seal the inner end of the passages 114 of the duct
terminators. Also, where cables and/or conductors are not initially
installed in a duct 108 between adjacent vaults it may be necessary
to seal the respective openings to prevent the passage of gasses
from one vault to another. The caps 130 may be utilized with the
duct terminator arrangements shown in FIGS. 1-10 if openings 146
are provided in such duct terminators.
From the foregoing detailed description it will be clear that the
duct terminator of the present invention provides a practical and
convenient means for forming passages in the concrete walls of
underground vaults for conveniently receiving the extremities of
ducts extending between adjacent vaults. The terminators
conveniently locate a plurality of receptacles in spaced
relationship and provide a barrier to prevent the entry of dirt and
water around the peripheral crack left on the outside of the
receptacles when the concrete cures and shrinks thereawayfrom.
Various modifications and changes may be made with regard to the
foregoing detailed description without departing from the spirit of
the invention.
* * * * *