U.S. patent number 3,730,512 [Application Number 05/165,484] was granted by the patent office on 1973-05-01 for method and apparatus for making books.
This patent grant is currently assigned to McCain Manufacturing Corp.. Invention is credited to Joseph V. Bellanca.
United States Patent |
3,730,512 |
Bellanca |
May 1, 1973 |
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING BOOKS
Abstract
The pages of a book are joined by glue located inward much
farther from the back of the book than heretofore, accomplished by
applying beads of glue of liberal width to preprinted webs fed from
rolls, registering and juxtaposing the webs, cutting the webs along
the beads of glue to expose glue edges and assembling cut sections
into book form with the glue edges constituting the back of the
book.
Inventors: |
Bellanca; Joseph V.
(Tallahassee, FL) |
Assignee: |
McCain Manufacturing Corp.
(Chicago, IL)
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Family
ID: |
22599091 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/165,484 |
Filed: |
July 26, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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856676 |
Sep 10, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
412/6; 412/37;
270/52.09; 270/58.05 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B42C
19/06 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B42C
19/00 (20060101); B42C 19/06 (20060101); B42c
019/00 (); B42b 001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;270/52,53 ;11/1 ;281/21
;282/11.5,22,23 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Charles; Lawrence
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.
856,676 filed Sept. 10, 1969, now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. The method of making a book from rolls of web material, each web
fed from a roll having thereon book-paginated printed block
patterns spaced transversely and longitudinally, comprising the
steps of simultaneously feeding the web material from a plurality
of unwind shafts, applying beads of glue between the printed block
patterns of successive webs as fed from the unwind shafts,
afterwards laying each web successively at spaced locations on a
registering conveyor so that the webs are laid successively one
atop another on the conveyor and successively glued to one another
on the conveyor by said beads of glue to form a multi-layer web
with the individual webs in registry with each other on the
conveyor, cutting the webs both longitudinally and transversely
subsequent to registry to produce individual book sections having
pages in sequence, the cutting step including a cut along the beads
of glue so that the cut sections comprise sheets having glue
between each sheet and with the glue beads located inward of and
exposed at the cut edges, and assembling and binding the required
number of such cut sections to make a complete book with the
exposed glue forming a bound edge of the book.
2. The method of claim 1 in which the beads of glue are applied
transversely to the path of movement of the webs.
3. The method of claim 1 in which beads of glue are applied
longitudinally.
4. The method of claim 1 in which the cut sections are assembled
between a pair of opposed members, in which a cover is applied to
the cut edges and in which the assembled cut sections are bound by
perfect binding.
5. The method of claim 4 in which the registering conveyor presents
continuously moving registering pins and in which the webs are
perforated to fit the pins.
6. The method of claim 1 in which the cut sections are assembled
between a pair of opposed members, in which a cover is applied to
the cut edges and in which the assembled cut sections are bound by
case binding.
7. The method of claim 6 in which the registering conveyor presents
continuously moving registering pins and in which the webs are
perforated to fit the pins.
8. The method of making a book from rolls of web material, each web
fed from a roll having thereon book-paginated printed block
patterns spaced transversely and longitudinally, comprising the
steps of simultaneously feeding the web material from a plurality
of unwind shafts, applying beads of glue between the printed block
patterns of successive webs as fed from the unwind shafts,
afterwards laying each web successively at spaced locations on a
registering conveyor so that the webs are laid successively one
atop another on the conveyor and successively glued to one another
on the conveyor by said beads of glue to form a multi-layer web
with the individual webs in registry with each other on the
conveyor, cutting along the beads of glue subsequent to registry to
produce cut sections comprising sheets having glue between each
sheet and with the glue beads located inward of and exposed at the
cut edges, and assembling and binding the required number of such
cut sections to make a complete book with the exposed glue forming
a bound edge of the book.
9. The method of claim 8 in which the beads of glue are applied
transversely to the path of movement of the webs.
10. The method of claim 9 in which beads of glue are also applied
longitudinally.
11. The method of claim 8 in which the cut sections are assembled
between a pair of opposed members, in which a cover is applied to
the cut edges and in which the assembled cut sections are bound by
perfect binding.
12. The method of claim 11 in which the registering conveyor
presents continuously moving registering pins and in which the webs
are perforated to fit the pins.
13. The method of claim 8 in which the cut sections are assembled
between a pair of opposed members, in which a cover is applied to
the cut edges and in which the assembled cut sections are bound by
case binding.
14. The method of claim 13 in which the registering conveyor
presents continuously moving registering pins and in which the webs
are perforated to fit the pins.
Description
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for making books
wherein a plurality of preprinted webs are collated into a
multi-layer web. Each individual web has a predetermined glue
pattern applied to it prior to its being collated to form a
multi-layer glued web.
One object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus
for forming a book without folding or sewing the assembled
sheets.
Another object is to provide a method of forming a book with each
sheet glued to its adjacent sheet.
Another object is to provide a method of forming a book from a
plurality of webs of preprinted material wherein glue is applied to
each web before it is collated with the other webs to form a
multi-layer web.
A still further object is to provide an apparatus for forming books
without the necessity of folding or sewing the sheets forming the
books by utilizing collated preprinted webs of material.
The above and further objects and novel features of the invention
will more fully appear from the following detailed description when
the same is read in connection with the accompanying drawings. It
is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for
the purpose of illustration only and are not intended as a
definition of the limits of the invention.
In the drawings, wherein like reference characters refer to like
parts throughout the several views:
FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation view showing one form of an
apparatus employed to utilize the novel method of this
invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view and taken along line 2--2 of
FIG. 1 showing one form of the glue-applying apparatus;
FIG. 2A is a detail view showing one way of operating the glue
apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing pagination;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for forming a
perfect bound book utilizing the novel method of the invention;
and
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of an apparatus for forming a case
bound book utilizing the novel method of this invention.
The novel method of this invention can be practiced by the
utilization of known mechanisms arranged in a novel manner to
provide a novel apparatus which is schematically shown in FIG. 1.
The novel sheet web collator 10 comprises a plurality of rolls 11
of paper each of which is mounted to feed a single web 12 from each
roll 11. Each roll, which has been previously printed on one or
both sides on a conventional web press, is mounted on an unwind
shaft 13 on the sheet web collator. The printing of the rolls may
be done elsewhere and held in storage until it is desired to
convert the printed rolls into books. Consequently the printing of
the rolls is not shown or described in this application. The rolls
11, instead of being mounted on the parallel unwind shafts 13 as
shown, may be mounted on power-driven unwind shafts and fed to the
collating conveyor over right angle turning bars and feeding rolls
in a manner well known to the art.
Each web 12 is passed over one or more feed rollers 17 and laid
down on an endless band conveyor 14 which forms a part of the
collator 10. As viewed in FIG. 1, the web 12 at the far right is
the first web to be laid down in direct contact with the conveyor
band 14, and the rest of webs 12 are successively stacked onto the
previously laid webs to form a multi-layer web 15. The single webs
12 forming each roll 11 are provided with spaced perforations
adjacent one or both edges of the web which are formed as the web
is printed on the web press. A plurality of pins 16 are formed
along the edges of the conveyor 14 and are spaced from each other a
suitable distance to accommodate the spaced perforations previously
formed along the edges of the webs 12. As each web is fed onto the
conveyor band 14 the engagement of the pins 16 with the
perforations along the edges of the webs 12 maintain the collated
webs 12 in perfect register with each other.
As shown in FIG. 2 a glue-applying mechanism 18 is positioned
adjacent to each web 12 at a point where the web passes over one of
the feed rollers 17. The glue-applying mechanism is of a
conventional design wherein the glue is applied to form a bead of
glue 30 extending transversely of the web. Nonetheless, I show in
FIG. 2A that the stub shaft 17S of the feed roller may be urged by
a spring 17P against a cam 17R. The cam has a lobe 17L which, when
presented to the stub shaft is effective to "lift" the related
roller 17 to press the web against the glue applyer 18 to transfer
glue, by contact, to the web. The cam is timed and configured to
produce such contact as the glue bead area of the web moves past
the gluer 18. Thus, the glue-applying mechanism is easily adjusted
or modified to apply the transverse beads of glue at longitudinally
spaced apart positions so that the beads of glue 30 will be placed
between the longitudinally spaced blocks of printed material on the
web 12.
As explained hereinafter, I am concerned, in one mode of practice,
with the ultimate production of case bound or perfect bound books
assembled from cut sections containing sheets representing the
complete book, so by definition the printed material or indicia
presented in said spaced blocks is variant from block to block
(page to page) on each web, paginated that is, and is not
repetitious as in the instance of manifolds.
The glue-applying mechanism can also be of the type that
continuously applies beads of glue longitudinally of the web sheet
with the beads of glue spaced transversely of the web, as at 12A
and 12B, FIG. 2, so as to be positioned between the blocks of
printing which are also spaced transversely of the web. In this
event, the glue applying means could take the form of rollers,
constantly coated with glue, and constantly in contact with the
printed webs. These rollers could be located, for example, adjacent
the glue means 18 where the webs are relatively taut. The
glue-applying mechanism can also, if it is desired, be of the type
that applies beads of glue in both a transverse and longitudinal
path on the web 12 with said beads of glue being placed between the
blocks of printing on the web 12. The blocks of printing will be
further defined below. Additionally the size of the bead of glue 30
may be regulated in accordance with the binding procedure
desired.
After each web 12 has a bead of glue 30 of the desired size and
configuration applied to it the web is laid down on the conveyor
band 14. The web at the beginning of the upper reach of the
conveyor band is laid down first and it has no glue applied to the
back of it. The other glued webs 12 are successively laid down on
each other to form a multi-layer web 15. Each web of this
multi-layer web is glued to each other so after the initial
register of the webs 12 by virtue of the pins 16 on the conveyor
band the glue on the webs supplements the pins 16 to maintain the
webs of the multi-layer web in register.
The glued multi-layer web 15 is fed continuously from the collating
conveyor 14 to a gripper pull unit comprising driven feed rollers
21 and a yieldable pressure roller 22. Between the conveyor 14 and
the gripper pull units are a plurality of well known cutting discs
23 and 24. These cutting discs are so spaced transversely of the
multi-layer web 15 that the perforated edges are trimmed and so
that the web is longitudinally slit into a plurality of widths
depending upon the form of the block printing on the particular
webs being used. It is also to be understood that each slit width
has its own gripper pull unit.
As shown in FIG. 1, a glue applying mechanism 18' and associated
contact-producing roller 17 is located between the cutter means
23-24 and the left-hand pin wheel. The glue mechanism as thus
located may be activated to apply beads of glue 30 to the topmost
web of the multi-layer web 15 for purposes discussed in more detail
below.
The longitudinally slit multi-layer web 15 is then fed into
rotating cutter rolls 25 and 26 of a conventional design to cut the
web transversely across the plurality of widths. These transverse
cuts are spaced to conform to the length of the book. As each
transverse cut is made the severed sections fall onto a
conventional conveyor 27 and the proper sections are gathered
together in a well known manner to make complete books as will be
further explained below. The transverse cut is made to preferably
fall right along the transverse bead of glue 30 so that the bead of
glue is exposed at the cut which, when the book is assembled, will
form the bound edge of the book. Each section cut from the
multi-layer web 15 now comprises a plurality of sheets (that is,
sheets constituting pages for the book) with glue between each
sheet at the edge of the section to be bound together with the
required number of other sections to make a complete book. Note
that in FIG. 1, I show the severance of two units which will become
books B1 and B2 as will now be explained.
FIG. 3 shows diagrammatically the three topmost webs 12-1, 12-2 and
12-3 of the five webs constituting the multi-layer web 15 as they
are fed to the transverse cutter 25-26 and as they emerge
therefrom, it being understood that these three webs are
juxtaposed. In FIG. 3 the webs are shown in a spread condition so
that the pagination or text sequence involved may be easily
understood.
Considering web 12-1, the paged blocks of printing, as viewed from
the top, are pages 1, 7 and 13, transversely across the web.
Underneath will be pages 2, 8 and 14, respectively. With the webs
juxtaposed, pages 1 and 2 of web 12-1 will lie atop pages 3-4 of
the second web, and the pages of the second web will lie atop the
printed pages of the third web.
When the transverse cut is made by the cutter roll 26, and bearing
in mind that the webs were slitted or cut longitudinally, cut
sections S1, S2 and S3, representing book B1, will fall onto the
conveyor 27 in the spaced relation shown in FIG. 3. The conveyor
transports the cut sections S1, S2 and S3 to a collecting station,
the arrangement being such that section S3 (pages 13 through 18)
falls first, section S2 having pages 7 through 12 falls atop
section S3, and similarly with section S1. The sections of course
may be collected or collated in a different fashion, but in any
event, the sections to constitute book B1 are collected in page
order as a group and are to be bound as hereinafter described.
The webs 12-1, 12-2 and 12-3 also present the pages for the second
book B2 and so on. It will be appreciated that in the interest of
simplicity I have not shown the other two webs of the five layer
assembly.
The conventional method for the manufacturing of a book comprises
the gathering of the signatures, sewing together the gathered
signatures, binding the gathered and sewn signatures and applying a
cover. Two of the most common types of binding of sewn and gathered
signatures is the so-called "perfect binding" and the "case
binding". In the "perfect binding" the gathered and sewn signatures
are held in a firm blocked position and the backbone is ground.
Glue is applied to the ground backbone and a cover is then applied.
In "case binding" the gathered and sewn signatures are engaged near
the bound end of the signatures by opposing rotating rollers so
that the outer end of the signatures are fanned into a partially
open position. Glue is applied to the fanned open signatures and a
cover applied. Under the present invention the glue is already
applied to the sheets with the glue between each sheet located much
further from the edge of the sheet than is possible in the case
where glue is attempted to be forced between the gathered and sewn
signatures.
FIG. 4 schematically shows the making of a "perfect bound" book
from gathered previously glued sheets 35 presented by book sections
S1, S2 and S3. The opposed plate members 36 are moved toward each
other near the glued book end compressing the assembly of glued
sheets 35 into a block which is squared at the glued end. With the
compressing, some glue will be squeezed from between the glued
sheets. If desired, more glue may be added and a crash 37 and more
glue can be added before a cover is added to the blocked sheets 35.
This operation may be carried out on conventional perfect binding
mechanisms without the necessity of the conventional steps utilized
to force glue between the gathered signatures.
FIG. 5 schematically shows the making of a case bound book from
collated previously glued sheets 35. A pair of opposed oppositely
rotating roll members 40 engage the assembled previously glued
sheets 35 near the glued end to form a fan shaped end which is
engaged by a shoe member 41. The shoe member 41 is the same as
presently used on conventional round and backing machines. The shoe
member 41 moves in a back and forth motion to smooth the end into a
perfect arc shape. As in conventional binding a crash may be
applied over the bound end and thereafter a cover applied and a
hinge member formed on the cover in a well known manner.
Regardless of terms of art, one ultimate procedure, FIGS. 4 and 5,
is to assemble the cut sections S1, S2 and S3 with their cut edges,
presenting the glue beads, constituting the back of the book and
then to compress the assembly between a pair of opposed members to
squeeze out air and bring the glue areas into tight, intimate
contact with the opposed page or sheet.
The entire apparatus may be driven by a suitable common source of
power, such as an electric motor (not shown) through a series of
gear boxes 19 connected to the power source and to each other by a
shaft 20. Well known types of driving connections are made from the
gear boxes 19 to the collator 10, the gripper pull units 21, 22,
the trimming and slitting cutters 23, 24, and the cutter rolls 25
and 26.
In a more elaborate mode of practice, there may be as many as 10 or
12 webs, or the webs may have a greater width than shown, say, a
width of 6 to 8 sheets, to make up a book of 3 or 4 hundred pages.
In this more elaborate practice, a single transverse cut will not
be enough to complete a single book as the book B1. Instead, it
will be necessary to assemble sections from repeated transverse
cuts and collate these cut sections, in which event it is necessary
to activate the glue mechanism 18'. In this same connection,
however, it may be noted that some books (e.g. stamp saver books,
brochures, pamphlets and so on) have inexpensive, plain paper
covers just like the interior pages. In this instance, the cover
pages may be part of the webs 12 so that activation of the glue
mechanism 18' would not be necessary.
It will also be appreciated that the text on the pages will dictate
whether the glue beads are transverse to web movement or
longitudinal, that is, parallel to web movement and therefore
continuous. In FIG. 1, the text is shown as to direction of
printing, in which event the beads of glue are transverse.
Regardless, the method of the present invention is characterized by
cutting the webs, after registry, both transversely and
longitudinally to produce individual book sections presenting
certain pages in numerical or text sequence, at least one of the
cuts being made right along the glue bead edge, that is, coincident
with the glue bead edge for the purpose mentioned.
Although one embodiment of an apparatus, having a limited number of
modifications, has been illustrated and described for carrying out
the method of the invention, it is to be expressly understood that
other comparable apparatus may be used. Various changes may also be
made in the specific features of the method without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *