U.S. patent number 3,729,215 [Application Number 05/200,032] was granted by the patent office on 1973-04-24 for coupling device for a dray.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtio. Invention is credited to Ilmari Paakkinen.
United States Patent |
3,729,215 |
Paakkinen |
April 24, 1973 |
COUPLING DEVICE FOR A DRAY
Abstract
In a coupling device for a dray, a device with which one end of
the dray can be lifted to rest against the pulling vehicle and
which consists of a coupling part of a gooseneck attached to a
pulling vehicle at one end and a coupling pocket in the dray meant
to receive the gooseneck. The side walls of the gooseneck coupling
part and the coupling pocket deviate from the vertical plane and
are dimensioned so that, when lifted the slanted side walls of the
coupling part of the gooseneck are wedged between the slanted side
walls of the coupling pocket so that a pulling coupling is created
between the dray and the pulling vehicle.
Inventors: |
Paakkinen; Ilmari (Nojanmaa,
SF) |
Assignee: |
Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtio
(Helsinki, SF)
|
Family
ID: |
8508039 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/200,032 |
Filed: |
November 18, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
|
|
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Nov 20, 1970 [SF] |
|
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3134/70 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
280/441.2;
414/481; 414/608 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B62D
53/065 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B62D
53/06 (20060101); B62D 53/00 (20060101); B62d
053/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;280/425A,423B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Friaglia; Leo
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a coupling device for a dray a first coupling means at one
end of a gooseneck which gooseneck is attached to a pulling vehicle
at one end thereof and a second coupling means attached to one end
of the dray, in which one of the first and second coupling means is
a projection and the other a coupling pocket adapted to receive the
projection for supporting said one end of the dray and in which the
first and second coupling means have slanting side walls deviating
from the vertical plane and dimensioned so that, when lifted, the
slanted side walls of the projection are wedged between the slanted
side walls of the coupling pocket in order to create a pulling
coupling between the dray and the pulling vehicle.
2. The coupling device of claim 1, wherein the side walls of the
projection and the coupling pocket converge upward at the end
closest to the pulling vehicle and downward at the other end.
3. The coupling device of claim 1, wherein the side walls of the
projection and the coupling pocket converge upward.
4. The coupling device of claim 1, wherein the first coupling means
at one end of the gooseneck is the projection and the second
coupling means at the one end of the dray is the coupling
pocket.
5. The coupling device of claim 1, wherein the slanted side walls
of the projection and the coupling pocket respectively form an
angle of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. with the vertical plane.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a coupling device for coupling a dray to a
pulling vehicle provided with a gooseneck with which the dray is
lifted into the driving position.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A coupling device is known from U.S. Pat. No. 2,389,211, in which a
coupling hook is brought into a rectangular notch corresponding to
the shape of the hook. The notch and the hook are approximately of
the same width, for which reason it is difficult to push the hook
in unless the pulling car is in perfect alignment with the
longitudinal axis of the coupling noth. The hook is fastened with
special locking gears, which lock the hook into the coupling noth
and naturally, also, to the chassis of the pulling vehicle in the
pulling direction.
German patent 1 297 999 introduces a coupling pocket which has a
supporting surface in its upper part in the front and in its lower
part in the back. Slanted adjustment surfaces run from the side
walls of the coupling pocket toward the frontmost supporting
surface, their purpose being to guide the gooseneck of the pulling
vehicle to the center of the coupling pocket. The gooseneck of the
pulling vehicle can thus be pushed into the coupling pocket in a
bevel position in relation to the dray. After this, the locking
procedure of the gooseneck is completed with clamps in the pulling
direction.
As to the organs for locking the gooseneck into the coupling
pocket, it must be noted that they all make the coupling and
uncoupling between the dray and the pulling vehicle slow and
troublesome. For this reason the users of these devices often
change them on their own initiative with the result that the
security of the coupling becomes questionable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The coupling device of the invention is composed of two
interlockable parts, positioned at one end of the gooseneck and the
dray respectively, one part being a projection and the other a
coupling pocket adapted to receive the projection for supporting
the one end of the dray. Both side walls of the interlockable parts
are slanted so that the side walls of the projection are wedged
between the side walls of the coupling pocket. The coupling device
according to the invention may consist of a coupling pocket in the
dray and a gooseneck which fits into the pocket. When the dray is
used in roll-on-roll-off traffic, in which a loaded dray is hauled
onto the ship, transported together with the load, and then hauled
off the ship at its destination, it is necessary that the dray be
easily attached to the pulling vehicle.
With a device according to the present invention it is possible to
attach the gooseneck to the coupling pocket quickly and easily even
when the pulling vehicle is not in alignment with the dray.
Furthermore, a very good lateral stability of the dray is obtained
in the driving position. This is accomplished according to the
invention by shaping the cross sections of the gooseneck of the
pulling vehicle and the coupling pocket so that the slanted side
walls of the gooseneck lean against the slanted side walls of the
coupling pocket. Thus, the supporting surfaces are the slanted side
walls of the coupling pocket. In this way the gooseneck of the
pulling vehicle stays firmly and centrally in place in the coupling
pocket. The gooseneck can be guided with even greater precision and
fastened even more firmly, if the back part of the gooseneck and
respectively the back part of the coupling pocket are provided with
slanted side walls which converge downward, that is, in a direction
opposite to the converging of the front part of the gooseneck and
the front part of the coupling pocket. When the angle formed by
these side walls and the vertical plane is 10.degree.-50.degree.,
such a great frictional force is created at the points of contact
between the gooseneck and the side walls, that no locking between
the gooseneck and the coupling pocket is necessary. The slanted
supporting surfaces being relatively wide compared with the
dimensions of the cross section of the gooseneck, the gooseneck is
very firmly guided by them during the driving so that the coupling
device receives torsional moments which twist the vehicle
combination about its longitudinal axis, and the front end of the
dray is supported by the chassis and the wheels of the pulling
vehicle. Thus, the dray cannot move in the lateral direction.
Nevertheless, it is easy to uncouple and couple the dray because
there are no locking pieces or thresholds.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of a pulling vehicle and a dray
uncoupled,
FIG. 2 shows a pulling vehicle and a dray seen from the top,
FIG. 3 is a side view of a pulling vehicle gooseneck according to
the invention,
FIG. 3a shows a cross section of the gooseneck along line A--A in
FIG. 3, or at the first supporting surface,
FIG. 4 is a side view of the coupling pocket of the dray,
FIG. 5 is a side view of the coupling of the gooseneck into the
coupling pocket,
FIG. 5a shows a cross section of the front parts of the gooseneck
and the coupling pocket along line B--B in FIG. 5, and
FIG. 5b shows a cross section of the back parts of the gooseneck
and the coupling pocket along line C--C in FIG. 5,
FIG. 6 is a side view of a gooseneck according to another
application of the invention,
FIG. 6a shows a cross section of the front part of the gooseneck
along line A--A in FIG. 6,
FIG. 6b shows a cross section of the back part of the gooseneck
along line B--B in FIG. 6, or at the hindmost supporting
surface.
FIG. 7 shows a dray coupling pocket to which is coupled a gooseneck
according to the second example of the invention,
FIG. 8 is a side view of the fitting of a gooseneck according to
FIG. 6 into a coupling pocket according to FIG. 7,
FIG. 8a shows a cross section of the front parts of the gooseneck
and the coupling pockets along line C--C in FIG. 8, and
FIG. 8b shows a cross cut of the back parts of the gooseneck and
the coupling pocket along line D--D in FIG. 8.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In FIG. 1, 1 refers to the gooseneck of the pulling vehicle and 2
to the gooseneck coupling part, which is pushed into coupling
pocket 4 of dray 3, when the pulling vehicle is coupled to the
dray. As shown in FIG. 2, the mouth of coupling pocket 4 is
somewhat wider than its back part, which makes it possible to
couple the pulling vehicle to the dray even when the pulling
vehicle and the dray are not in perfect alignment. Respectively,
the back end of gooseneck coupling part 2 is narrower than its
front part. As shown in FIG. 3, lower surface 10 of gooseneck
coupling part 2 is slanted upward to facilitate the fitting of
gooseneck 2 into the coupling pocket. Respectively, lower surface 7
of coupling pocket 4 is slanted upward. The cross section of
gooseneck 2 is approximately triangular as shown in FIG. 3a so that
lower surface 10 of the gooseneck is wider than its upper surface
9. The slanted side walls may form an angle of
10.degree.-45.degree. with the vertical plane. The cross section of
coupling pocket 4 is also triangular.
When dray 3 is coupled to the pulling vehicle, gooseneck 2 is
pushed into coupling pocket 4, which is easy even when the pulling
vehicle and the dray are not in perfect alignment, since the mouth
of the coupling pocket is somewhat wider than its back part. Thanks
to slanted lower surface 10 of gooseneck 2, gooseneck 2 slides
easily into coupling pocket 4 into the position shown in FIG. 5.
When dray 3 is lifted into the driving position, gooseneck 2 is
lifted somewhat, at which time slanted sides walls 6 of gooseneck 2
are wedged very easily into the space formed by slanted side walls
15 of coupling pocket 4 (FIG. 5a), and the dray moves sideways so
that its center line is directed toward the joint of the gooseneck
in the pulling vehicle. As shown in FIG. 5a, a small crevice is
left between gooseneck 2 and upper wall 8 of coupling pocket 4 when
gooseneck 2 is coupled to coupling pocket 4. Lower surface 10 of
the back part of gooseneck 2, again, is in contact with lower wall
7 of coupling pocket (FIG. 5b).
A coupling device according to another application of the invention
is shown in FIG. 6. In this example, gooseneck 2 also has slanted
lower surface 10 to facilitate pushing the gooseneck in. The cross
section of gooseneck 2 changes at point 11 so that back part 12 of
gooseneck 2 converges downward as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b.
Respectively, the cross section of coupling pocket 4 changes, at
point 14 in FIG. 7, from a downward widening shape into a downward
converging one. When gooseneck 2 is fitted into coupling pocket 4
according to FIG. 8, a double wedging is created between gooseneck
2 and slanted side walls 16 of coupling pocket 4. When gooseneck 2
is lifted into the driving position, slanted side walls 6 of the
front part of gooseneck 2 come into firm contact with the side
walls of coupling pocket 4, while slanted side walls of back part
12 of gooseneck 2 are pressed downward against the respective
slanted side walls of coupling pocket 4. Both in the front and back
parts of gooseneck 2 a small crevice is left between the gooseneck
and the upper and lower walls of the coupling pocket, as shown in
FIGS. 8a and 8b.
* * * * *