U.S. patent number 3,720,176 [Application Number 05/063,573] was granted by the patent office on 1973-03-13 for molded pallet.
Invention is credited to Thomas Munroe.
United States Patent |
3,720,176 |
Munroe |
March 13, 1973 |
MOLDED PALLET
Abstract
Resin impregnated wood fibrous material is molded to form a
rectangular deck member and a set of separate elongated hollow leg
members. The deck member has a generally uniform wall thickness and
defines parallel spaced downwardly projecting reinforcing ribs, and
the side walls of each of the leg members have teeth-like
projections which extend upwardly between the ribs. The leg members
are spaced laterally across the deck member and are secured to the
underneath surface of the deck member by a waterproof adhesive. The
leg members have outer surfaces perpendicular to the deck member to
provide for storing loaded pallets within a rack, and define
longitudinally spaced recesses to provide for four-way entry by a
fork lift truck. The bottom wall portion forming each recess is
spaced from the underneath surface of the deck member to define a
longitudinally extending chamber within each leg member for
receiving an optional rigid longitudinally extending reinforcing
member.
Inventors: |
Munroe; Thomas (Dayton,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
22050103 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/063,573 |
Filed: |
August 13, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
108/57.25;
108/53.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
19/0051 (20130101); B65D 2519/00034 (20130101); B65D
2519/00572 (20130101); B65D 2519/00273 (20130101); B65D
2519/00567 (20130101); B65D 2519/00069 (20130101); B65D
2519/00562 (20130101); B65D 2519/00945 (20130101); B65D
2519/00323 (20130101); B65D 2519/00432 (20130101); B65D
2519/00338 (20130101); B65D 2519/00557 (20130101); B65D
2519/00288 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
19/00 (20060101); B65d 019/38 () |
Field of
Search: |
;108/51-58 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gay; Bobby R.
Assistant Examiner: Finch; Glenn O.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A pallet comprising
a molded rectangular deck member forming a load supporting upper
surface and including a plurality of substantially parallel spaced
integral reinforcing ribs, said deck member having a substantially
uniform wall thickness forming a corrugated cross-sectional
configuration relative to said ribs and defining downwardly facing
parallel spaced grooves,
at least two separate elongated molded hollow leg members arranged
in spaced relation below said deck member and extending
transversely of said ribs, each said leg member including a bottom
wall forming a generally flat bottom surface and side walls
projecting upwardly from said bottom wall, the upper portions of
said side walls of each said leg member including teeth members
projecting upwardly into said grooves and between said ribs,
said leg members each having at least one longitudinally extending
said side wall inclined relative to said bottom wall, said leg
members arranged to provide offset nesting of a pair of adjacent
said pallets with said leg members disposed in interfitting
relation, and
means for securing the upper portions of said side walls of each
said leg member to the underneath surface of said deck member.
2. The pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein said deck member and
said leg members each comprise a discrete unitary body consisting
of resin impregnated wood fibrous material, and said securing means
comprise an adhesive bonding said leg members to said deck
member.
3. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein the outermost said leg
members each has outer surfaces extending substantially
perpendicular to said deck member to facilitate supporting said
pallet on opposing horizontal flanges of a storage rack.
4. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein said deck member has a
uniform cross-sectional configuration along its width to provide
for locating said leg members at various laterally spaced intervals
and thereby facilitate construction of pallets of different
widths.
5. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein said bottom wall of each
said leg member defines a set of longitudinally spaced recesses
adapted to receive the forks of a lift truck.
6. A pallet as defined in claim 7 wherein each said recess of at
least one of said leg members is defined by a wall portion spaced
from the underneath surface of said deck member to define a
longitudinally extending chamber within said leg member, an
elongated rigid reinforcing member extending within said chamber,
and said reinforcing member has a thickness corresponding
substantially to the distance between said wall portions of said
recesses and the underneath surface of said deck member.
7. A pallet as defined in claim 1 including means extending between
two adjacent said ribs of said deck member to define a slot adapted
to receive a tie down strap.
8. A pallet as defined in claim 1 including a rigid metal frame
extending along at least one lateral edge of said deck member, and
said frame includes leg portions positioned adjacent the outer
corners of the outermost said leg members.
9. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein the center portion of
said deck member is supported by a pair of said leg members each
having a substantially perpendicular longitudinally extending side
wall and a slightly inclined longitudinally extending side wall
relative to said deck member, and said perpendicular side walls are
disposed in adjacent relation.
10. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein said deck member has a
substantially uniform wall thickness and a corrugated
cross-sectional configuration transversely of said ribs, and each
said leg member extends substantially the full length of said deck
member.
11. A pallet as defined in claim 1 wherein at least one of said leg
members includes substantially flat end walls, means defining
recesses within the underneath surface of said deck member for
receiving the upper portions of said end walls, and said securing
means comprise an adhesive which extends into said recesses for
securing said end walls to said deck member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the art of material handling pallets, there has been
considerable effort to produce a pallet which is less expensive
than the standard pallet constructed of lumber and which provides
substantially the same strength, durability, and other desirable
characteristics. For example, the pallet shown in U.S. Pat. No.
3,140,672 is molded from a wood fibrous material impregnated with
resin, and the pallet disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,199,469 is
molded of a thermoplastic material which may have a wood filler.
Other molded pallets are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,187,691,
3,359,929 and 3,481,285.
It has been found desirable for any pallet to provide a number of
features. For example, a pallet should not only be durable, warp
resistant and provide substantial strength, it should also be
inexpensive and lightweight in construction. It is also desirable
for a pallet to be nestable, moisture resistant and have smooth
exposed edges and surfaces. In addition, both the top and bottom
surfaces of the pallet should be of substantial area so that the
articles stacked on the pallet are not subject to undesirable
stresses, and loaded pallets may be stacked without the legs of the
pallets damaging the articles on the pallet below.
A bottom surface of large area is also desirable on a pallet for
transporting the pallets along a roller conveyor where the rollers
are spaced, for example, at a distance of 9 inches. Another
important feature on a pallet is for the edge surfaces to be
substantially perpendicular to the deck of the pallet so that
loaded pallets may be stored within a rack having opposed support
tracks or flanges. It is also desirable for a pallet to be
conveniently constructed in various widths, for example, between 31
inches and 40 inches. Heretofore, molded pallets have been
constructed with one or more molds or dies for each size or
design.
After a careful study of the molded pallets disclosed in the above
patents, it is apparent that each of the pallets does not provide
one or more of the desirable features mentioned above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to an improved molded pallet
which provides all of the aforementioned features and advantages
and, in addition, provides for increasing the strength and rigidity
of the pallet if desirable for handling an unusually heavy load. In
accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a
generally flat deck member is molded from a resin impregnated wood
fibrous material and includes longitudinally spaced parallel ribs
which project downwardly. The deck member has a generally uniform
wall thickness forming a corrugated cross-sectional configuration
with laterally extending parallel spaced grooves within the upper
surface of the deck member.
A plurality of elongated hollow leg members are each molded of the
same resin impregnated wood fibrous material, and the side walls of
each leg member have teeth-like projections which extend upwardly
between the ribs on the underneath surface of the deck member. The
leg members are arranged in laterally spaced relation and are
bonded to the underneath surface of the deck member by a suitable
water resistant adhesive so that a watertight chamber is formed
within each leg member. The interfitting relation between the
teeth-like projections on each leg member and the underneath
surface of the ribbed deck member provides a substantial area for
adhesive bonding and also provides for a positive interfitting
connection between the leg and deck members.
The outer side wall and the end surfaces of the leg members are
substantially perpendicular to the deck member, and the inner side
wall surfaces are slightly inclined. Each of the leg members
defines longitudinally spaced recesses to provide for four-way
entry of a fork lift truck, and the wall portion defining each
recess is spaced from the underneath surface of the deck member so
that a rigid plank-like reinforcing member may be inserted within
each leg to provide additional strength and rigidity.
Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent
from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the
appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pallet constructed in accordance
with the invention and showing the top surface;
FIG. 1A is a fragmentary perspective view showing a modification of
the pallet in FIG. 1;
FIG. 2 is another perspective view of the pallet in FIG. 1 and
showing the bottom surfaces of the pallet;
FIG. 3 is an exploded section taken generally on the line 3--3 of
FIG. 1 and with portions broken away;
FIG. 4 is a similar exploded fragmentary section taken generally on
the line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an exploded fragmentary perspective view showing a
modification of the pallet in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view showing another
modification of the pallet;
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a further
modification of the pallet in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic elevational end view showing another modified
form of the pallet in FIGS. 1 and 2; and
FIG. 9 is a schematic end view of a plurality of pallets of FIGS. 1
and 2 stacked in offset nested relation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The pallet shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is molded in sections from a
resin impregnated wood fibrous material, preferably using a molding
technique perfected by Werzalit-Pressholzwerk of 7141 Oberstenfeld
bei Stuttgart, West Germany and promoted in the United States under
the trademark "Werzalit." The first section of the pallet includes
a generally flat rectangular deck member 15 having a generally
uniform wall thickness and defining longitudinally spaced and
downwardly projecting parallel ribs 16. As a result of the uniform
wall thickness, each of the ribs 16 defines a laterally extending
groove 18 within the flat upper surface 20 of the deck member. The
opposite end portions 22 of the deck member 15 form rails having a
thickness corresponding to the thickness of the center portion of
the deck member including the ribs 16. Thus the deck member has a
uniform corrugated cross-sectional configuration across its width
and transversely to the ribs 16, and could possibly be extruded
with sufficiently large equipment.
The other sections of the pallet include a set of elongated hollow
end and center leg members 25 and 26 respectively, each of which is
molded of resin impregnated wood fibrous material in the same
manner as the deck member 15 and has a generally uniform wall
thickness. Each of the leg members 25 and 26 includes a bottom wall
28, opposite flat side walls 30 and 31 and flat end walls 32. Two
longitudinally spaced recesses 34 are formed within each bottom
wall 28 by an inverted U-shaped wall portion 36 which extend
upwardly approximately one-half the height of the leg member. The
side walls 30 and 31 of each leg member 25 include a plurality of
longitudinally spaced and upwardly extending teeth-like projections
37 which define correspondingly spaced recesses or cavities 38.
The projections 37 and the cavities 38 conform to the configuration
of the underneath surface of the deck member 15, and each of the
leg members 25 and 26 is secured to the underneath surface of the
deck member 15 by a suitable water resistant adhesive to form a
substantially watertight chamber within each of the leg members. As
shown in FIG. 4, the outer surface of the outer side wall 30 of the
two outermost leg members 25 and the end walls 32 of each leg
member extend substantially perpendicular to the deck member 15.
The inner side wall 31 of the two leg members 25 and both of the
side walls of the center leg member 26 are slightly inclined or
tapered to facilitate molding each of the leg members as an
integral body. Preferably, the projections 37 along the tapered
side walls 31 also extend or curve outwardly of the leg members to
provide additional reinforcement and a greater surface area for
gluing or bonding the leg members to the underneath side of the
deck members. These extended projections 37 also eliminate sharp
corners within the grooves between the ribs 16 so that foreign
matter does not tend to accumulate.
Referring to FIG. 1A which shows a modification of the pallet in
FIGS. 1-4, the end portions 22 of the deck member 15 are provided
with three laterally spaced slots or recesses 42 which receive an
extended upper lip or edge portion 43 of the end wall 32 of the
corresponding leg member. This modification has the advantage of
providing an increased surface area for adhesive bonding the end
walls 32 of each leg member to the underneath surface of the deck
member 15 and to provide a somewhat more positive interfitting
connection between the leg members and the deck member.
As mentioned above, the recesses 34 are defined within each of the
leg members 25 and 26 by a bottom wall portion 36 (FIG. 7) which is
spaced from the underneath surface of the ribs 16 to define within
each leg member a chamber or cavity which extends the full length
of the leg member. To increase the longitudinal bending strength of
the pallet shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an elongated plank-like
reinforcing member 50 (FIG. 7) may be inserted within each of the
leg members 25 and 26. Preferably, the member 50 is formed of
plywood and has a thickness which corresponds to the distance
between the underneath surfaces of the ribs 16 and the upper
surfaces of the bottom wall portions 36 so that the member 50 is
sandwiched between the surfaces.
Referring to FIG. 5 which shows another modified pallet of the
invention, the opposite end portions of the pallet shown in FIGS. 1
and 2 may each be reinforced by a metal frame 55 consisting of a
laterally extending angle member 56 rigidly secured to angle corner
posts or legs 57. The angle member 56 extends into a corresponding
laterally extending slot 58 formed within the end portion 22' of
the deck member 15', and the leg members 57 are secured to the
outer corners of the molded leg members 25 by a set of suitable
fasteners such as screws 59.
As shown in FIG. 6, notches 62 are formed within a set of laterally
aligned projections 36 on the side walls 30 and 31 of the leg
members 25 and 26, and a laterally extending channel member 64 is
inserted into the notches 62 adjacent the underneath surface of the
deck member 15. The channel member defines a laterally extending
slot for receiving a suitable strap or band (not shown) for
securing a load of cargo to the deck member 15. While only one
laterally extending slot is illustrated in FIG. 6, it is to be
understood that a plurality of longitudinally spaced slots may be
employed according to the number of tie down bands desired. The
channel member 64 provides for guiding the end of a band through
the slot and cooperates with the ribs 16 to provide lateral
rigidity and strength to the deck member 15.
In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, a molded
deck member 15 (FIG. 8) is cemented or bonded to a set of elongated
molded leg members 65 which are molded and formed in the same
manner as the leg members 25 and 26 described above. The leg
members 65, however, have a width approximately one-half the width
of the leg members 25 and 26 and are particularly adapted for use
on a pallet having a width less than the standard 40". As shown in
FIG. 8, two of the leg members 65 may be joined back to back with
their vertical side walls abutting to form the center leg member.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, a number of the pallets shown in FIGS. 1
and 2 may be stacked in interfitting nested relation by offsetting
alternate pairs of adjacent pallets having their load supporting
surfaces in abutting relation. This substantially reduces the space
required to store or transport a number of pallets.
From the drawings and the above description, it is apparent that a
pallet constructed in accordance with the present invention
provides the desirable features and advantages mentioned above. For
example, the combination of the deck member 15 with parallel spaced
ribs 16 and the interfitting elongated hollow leg member 25 and 26,
which are separately molded from resin impregnated wood fibrous
material and are bonded together with adhesive, provides for a
lightweight pallet of substantial strength and with smooth edges
and surfaces. As a result of the relatively narrow parallel spaced
ribs 16, the area of the top surface 20 is approximately 75 percent
of the total area of the deck member, thereby providing a load
supporting surface of substantial area.
The leg members 25 and 26 provide additional important features.
That is, the flat pads formed by the bottom walls 28 of the leg
members provide a bottom supporting surface of substantial area in
the order of 39% of the total area of the deck member 15. This
large bottom supporting area is desirable to prevent damage of the
load when two or more of the loaded pallets are stacked one upon
the other and to provide for conveying loaded pallets along a
roller conveyor. As indicated in FIG. 9, the leg members 25 and 26
also provide for nesting of the pallets, and the outer
perpendicular walls 30 and 32 of the leg members enable a loaded
pallet to be stored in a rack having opposed flanges which engage
the outer edge portions of the bottom walls 28. The wide flat
bottom wall 28 of the center leg member (FIGS. 2 and 8) also
provides for lifting a loaded pallet with lift truck forks which
engage only two of the leg members and without the loaded pallet
tipping as occurs with conventional four-way entry wood
pallets.
The construction of the separate deck and leg members also provides
for producing pallets of various widths. That is, as a result of
the uniform longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of the deck
member 15, the deck member may be cut according to a desired width
after which the leg members are secured to the underneath surface
of the deck member as shown in FIGS. 1-4. As mentioned above, to
construct a relatively narrow pallet, the invention provides for
using narrower leg members 65 (FIG. 8) and attaching two of the leg
members 65 together to form a unitary center leg member while
retaining the ability to nest the pallets in a manner as shown in
FIG. 9.
The modifications shown in FIGS. 5-7 provide additional features.
The end frames 55 not only provide for lateral reinforcement of the
deck member 15 but also protect the end and corner surfaces of the
pallet. The optional plank-like reinforcing members 50 enable the
strength of the pallet to be conveniently increased in a
longitudinal direction, and the channel members 64 (FIG. 6) provide
for conveniently inserting tie down straps or bands under the deck
member 15 and for increasing the strength in a lateral
direction.
While the forms of pallets herein described constitute preferred
embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the
invention is not limited to these precise forms of pallets, and
that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope
of the invention which is defined in the appended claims. For
example, it is within the scope of the invention to construct and
locate the hollow molded leg members so that a peripheral edge
portion of the deck member projects from the leg members if storage
in a rack is not required and it is desirable to shrink-fit a
plastic film over a load on the pallet.
* * * * *