U.S. patent number 3,716,155 [Application Number 05/161,658] was granted by the patent office on 1973-02-13 for method of handling drill pipe.
Invention is credited to Erwin A. Campbell, Cecil Jenkins, Homer J. Woolslayer, Joseph R. Woolslayer.
United States Patent |
3,716,155 |
Woolslayer , et al. |
February 13, 1973 |
METHOD OF HANDLING DRILL PIPE
Abstract
As each successive stand of drill pipe is pulled out of a well
hole at the bottom of an oil well derrick, it is set back in the
derrick until a multiple stand set back has been formed. Then the
lower end of the setback is swung out of the derrick and away from
it while the upper end of the setback is being lowered.
Substantially at the same time the setback is moved bodily, lower
end first, away from the derrick to lay the setback down on a
support.
Inventors: |
Woolslayer; Homer J. (Tulsa,
OK), Woolslayer; Joseph R. (Tulsa, OK), Jenkins;
Cecil (Tulsa, OK), Campbell; Erwin A. (Bixby, OK) |
Family
ID: |
22582162 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/161,658 |
Filed: |
July 12, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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25644 |
Apr 6, 1970 |
3613905 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
414/800 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B
19/155 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E21B
19/15 (20060101); E21B 19/00 (20060101); E21b
019/14 () |
Field of
Search: |
;214/152,13R,2.5,1BD |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hoffman; Drayton E.
Assistant Examiner: Werner; Frank E.
Parent Case Text
This application is a division of our copending patent application,
Ser. No. 25,644, filed Apr. 6, 1970, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,613,905.
Claims
We claim:
1. The method of removing drill pipe from an oil well derrick and
laying it down outside the derrick, comprising setting back in the
derrick each successive stand of drill pipe as it is pulled from
the wellhole until a multiple stand setback is formed, gripping the
central portion of the setback, swinging said gripped portion of
the setback out of the derrick and upwardly in an arc of a circle
while lowering the upper end of the setback to cause the lower end
to swing outwardly away from the derrick and upwardly, the center
of said circle being below said arc, and continuing to swing said
gripped portion of the setback away from the derrick and downwardly
in a continuation of said arc while lowering the upper end of the
setback faster than said gripped portion is lowered to thereby move
the setback bodily away from the derrick and down into a
substantially horizontal position outside the derrick, and
receiving and supporting the substantially horizontal setback.
2. The method recited in claim 1, in which each successive stand of
drill pipe pulled from the well hole is moved back between the
preceding stand and the well hole to from a single row of setback
pipe extending away from the hole.
3. The method recited in claim 1, in which each successive stand of
drill pipe pulled from the well hole is moved back to form a row of
pipe substantially perpendicular to a radius of the hole.
4. The method recited in claim 1, in which said stands of drill
pipe pulled from the well hole are formed into a substantially
rectangular setback.
5. The method recited in claim 1, in which said lowering of the
upper end of the setback is controlled by a flexible line connected
thereto and supported from the upper end of the derrick.
Description
During the drilling of an oil well it is necessary to move the
drill pipe into upright position in a derrick so that successive
stands can be connected together to form the drill string. When the
string is pulled from the well, successive stands are stood up at
one side of the hole to form a setback. If the well is a deep one,
the derrick may not be able to accommodate all of the stands, so
some of them must be moved out of the derrick and stacked in some
manner beside it. In the past, this has involved moving each
successive stand individually, thereby requiring a considerable
amount of time. Laying pipe down outside of the derrick also
reduces the physical effort otherwise required of the derrickman in
handling the upper ends of the pipe stands. In case drilling is
being done from a floor floating on a body of water, an additional
advantage in laying down pipe is that it relieves the derrick from
inertial forces induced by wave action and aggravated by the great
weight of the usual pipe setback.
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of moving
drill pipe back and forth between a reclining position beside a
derrick and an upright position inside the derrick. Other objects
are to accomplish this rapidly and in as simple a manner as
possible.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in
which
FIG. 1 is a side view of our pipe handling apparatus in its upper
position;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section showing a setback before
the pipe handling apparatus is attached to it;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary plane view of the elevator used
with the apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line V--V of FIG 4;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary front view of the lower end of the upright
strongback;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary horizontal section of the strongback before
it is clamped onto the setback;
FIG. 8 is a similar view after clamping;
FIG. 9 is a side view, similar to FIG. 1, of a modification;
FIG. 10 is a horizontal section of the modification, similar to
FIG. 3;
FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 are views similar to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, of a
further embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 14 is a side view of a rack for receiving pipe that is laid
down outside the derrick.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an oil well derrick 1 is shown in
outline mounted on a substructure 2. FIG. 3 shows that several
stands of drill pipe 3 have been pulled from the well by the
traveling block 4 in the usual way and set back on the derrick
floor in front of the well, with their upper ends leaning against
the working platform 5. While in this position, a special elevator
7 is connected to their upper ends as a group. This elevator is
suspended from a sheave 8 at the top of the derrick by means of a
line 9 that extends down to a winch 10 on the derrick floor. As
shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the elevator is a crossbar provided with a
row of laterally opening recesses 12 for receiving the upper ends
of the pipes. The tool joints 13 on the upper ends of the pipes
extend above the bar and rest on it. The bar is provided with
upwardly extended lugs 14 between the outer ends of the recesses,
and the distance between these lugs is less than the diameter of
the tool joints. The elevator is applied to the pipes a short
distance below the tool joints and then raised until the joints
rest on it. The tool joints cannot escape between the lugs. When
the elevator is raised, it suspends the group of pipes or setback
from it in vertical position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Spaced in front of the bottom of the substructure there is a
suitable support 16, on which the inner or lower end of a
bifurcated boom 17 is pivotally mounted on a horizontal axis
parallel to the front of the substructure. The upper or outer end
of the boom can be swung through an arc by means of a fluid
pressure cylinder 18 and piston 19 pivotally connected to the
bottom of the substructure and lower part of the boom. The outer
end of the boom is pivotally connected to the central part of a
strongback 20 that takes the form of a rectangular frame between
the two sides of the boom. The opposite ends of the strongback are
provided with means for attaching or clamping it to the pipe
setback. When the boom is up and strongback is in vertical position
beside the setback, the attaching means, pivotally connected to the
boom by the strongback, extend toward the setback as shown in FIGS.
1 and 3.
As shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, the attaching means or pipe clamping
means include a row of fingers 22 provided with stub shafts 23
rotatably mounted in the top and bottom of the upright strongback
frame. These fingers extend toward the back of the derrick and are
in the form of blocks that are considerably wider than they are
thick. Their shafts project from the front of the strongback and
are rigidly attached to levers 24 that extend away from them in
parallel relation. The outer ends of the levers are pivotally
connected to a cross link 25, one each of which is pivoted to a
bell crank 26 mounted on the strongback. The crank is also
connected to a piston rod 27 that extends into a cylinder 28
pivotally attached to the side of the strongback. When the piston
rod is extended as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the fingers are disposed
on edge and can be inserted between the pipes. The piston rod is
then drawn into the cylinder and that swings the levers to rotate
the fingers 90.degree. so that recesses 29 in their opposite edges
will receive the adjoining pipes and thereby clamp them to the
strongback, although the pipes can slide lengthwise relative to
it.
After the strongback has been attached to the suspended pipe
setback, the boom is swung outwardly away from the derrick by means
of cylinder 18, which causes the lower end of the setback to
likewise swing outwardly. At the same time, the elevator 7 is
lowered so that the upper end of the setback swings downwardly as
its outer end swings forward as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1. If
the strongback slides along the pipes, it will stop when the upper
row of fingers 22 reach a tool joint. As the boom swings outwardly,
the lower end of the setback swings out through its central slot
and the setback approaches a horizontal position that is reached by
the time the boom reaches its lowest position. As the strongback
descends, it deposits the setback on a suitable pipe rack 31 on the
ground. The strongback is disconnected from the horizontal setback
and the boom returns the strongback to its upper position for
attachment to the next setback. This is repeated until all of the
setbacks have been deposited in the pipe rack.
Since the pipe stands are handled in groups, one trip of the
strongback from the derrick to the pipe rack on the ground carries
several stands, so the operation is greatly simplified and is
speeded up. Another advantage of this apparatus is its simplicity.
The strongback, being pivoted to the slotted boom in such a manner
that it can swing through the boom, can deposit the reclining pipe
setback on support 31 directly and then rise away from it. It is
unnecessary to provide additional apparatus for lifting the setback
from the strongback before the latter can be swung back up to
upright position in front of the next setback.
When the pipe is to be run back into the hole to resume drilling,
the pipe lay-down system described above is reversed. That is, the
lowered strongback is attached to a row of pipe stands on the rack,
and the special elevator is attached to the inner ends of the
stands. Then the boom is raised as the winch raises the elevator,
so the upper ends of the stands swing upwardly as their lower ends
swing rearwardly until the stands are upright in the derrick. They
are then lowered by the elevator 7 to set them on the derrick
floor, after which the strongback clamps are released from them and
then a manipulating arm 32 moves the upper end of the setback to
the side of the platform 5 as indicated in FIG 3. The elevator then
is disconnected from the setback.
In the embodiment of the invention just described the pipe stands
that are carried by the strongback are disposed side by side in a
straight row extending parallel to the strongback frame. In the
modification shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the setback 36, three rows of
three stands each being shown. These rows are formed as each
successive stand is pulled from the well by traveling block 37, set
back on the floor of the substructure 38 and leaned against a
working platform 39 by the derrickman. An elevator 42 similar to
the one shown in FIG. 4, but having much deeper recesses, then is
connected in the same way to the upper ends of the stands so that
the group or setback can be lifted by line 43 from a winch 44 and
suspended vertically directly in front of the well for gripping by
a strongback 45. The strongback has a rectangular frame, the
central portion of which is pivoted on a horizontal axis 47 to the
upper end of a bifurcated boom 48. The lower end of the boom is
pivoted on a support 49 projecting forward from the substructure,
and the upper end of the boom can be swung out and away from the
derrick by means of a fluid pressure cylinder 50 pivotally
connected with the substructure and the boom.
The setback stands are moved by the elevator into slots between
parallel fingers 52 extending rearwardly from the top and bottom of
the strongback frame. These fingers are rotatably mounted in the
frame in the same way as those shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 and also can
be turned 90.degree. in the same manner to hold the pipe stands
between them. After the strongback has been clamped onto the
setback in this manner, the boom is swung outwardly and down as the
elevator is lowered by the winch. This causes the lower end of the
setback to swing out through the slot in the boom as the upper end
of the setback is lowered, as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 9. The
boom comes to rest when the setback is deposited on pipe racks 53
on the ground in front of the derrick. The fingers of the
strongback then are turned 90.degree. to release the drill pipe,
and the boom is raised to swing the strongback back up to upright
position for attachment to another setback that can be formed while
the first setback is being removed.
A still further arrangement is disclosed in FIGS. 11 to 13. Here
the pipe stands 55 are arranged in a single row again, but the row
is located in a vertical plane extending from front to back of the
derrick 56. Another distinction is that instead of setting the pipe
stands on the derrick floor as they are pulled from the well, they
are set on a channel-like platform 57 at the lower end of a tall
strongback 58. The platform extends toward the rotary table. Near
the top of the strongback it is provided with a rearwardly
extending long fork 59, as shown in FIG. 13, the sides of which are
spaced apart just far enough to readily receive between them the
row of pipe stands forming the setback. As each successive stand is
placed in the fork, it is prevented from escaping by means of a
latch 60 pivoted to one side of the fork and controlled in any
suitable manner. There is a similar fork 61 and latch near the
lower end of the strongback.
After the strongback has received a full load of pipe stands, it is
swung forward away from the derrick by a bifurcated boom 63, to the
upper end of which it is pivoted on a horizontal axis 64. The lower
end of the boom is pivotally mounted in brackets 65 on the front of
the substructure 66. As the upper end of the boom is swung away
from the derrick by a fluid pressure cylinder 67, one way of
controlling the position of the strongback is by a line 68
connected to the upper end of the strongback and passing over a
sheave 69 at the top of the derrick and down to a winch 70 on the
derrick floor as the line is let out, the upper end of the setback
can swing rearwardly and down as its lower end swings up through
the slotted boom. Everything moves downwardly until the strongback
is horizontal and the setback is deposited by it in a pipe rack on
the ground. The forks then are opened so that the strongback can be
lifted away from the pipe in the rack.
The stands of pipe are fed into upper fork 59 when it is in its
upper position shown in FIG. 13, by means of a hook 72 that is
pivotally mounted on a slide 73 movable back and forth by a fluid
pressure cylinder 74 connected to the strongback. When the slide is
moved away from the strongback the hook strikes a stand suspended
from the elevator 75 and the hook rotates to permit it to pass the
stand. Then the hook swings out behind the stand and the slide is
reversed to pull the hook and stand toward the fork until the stand
can pass latch 60 and enter the fork.
Various kinds of supports or racks for the pipes can be used in
front of the derrick, but a highly satisfactory one is shown in
FIGS. 11, 12 and 14. Actually, there are two of these racks in
spaced parallel relation. Only one needs to be described. It has a
flat base 77 on which a carriage 78 provided with wheels 79 is
mounted. The carriage can be moved along the base parallel to the
front of the substructure by means of a screw 80 rotatably mounted
in a stationary nut in the bottom of the carriage. The screw is
driven by its outer end by means of a suitable motor 81. The
carriage is provided with posts 82 arranged in two spaced rows
extending lengthwise of the carriage. Most of the posts in each row
are spaced apart only far enough to accommodate a drill pipe
between them, the pipes between each pair of posts being stacked on
top of one another. However, the spacing between the posts at one
end of each row is wider in order to accommodate the larger
diameter drill collars.
The carriage is moved along base 77 to line up the slot between a
pair of posts with the center line of the strongback so that the
strongback can deposit a row or stack or drill stands in the slot.
As soon as the slot is filled, the carriage is moved a short
distance to bring the slot into line with the strongback. This is
repeated until all of the pipe stands have been deposited in the
pipe racks. In returning the stands to the derrick for going back
into the hole, it will be seen that each stack of stands in the
pipe racks can be moved into a position to be straddled by the
setback forks 59 and 61 so that the pipes can be picked up and
returned to the derrick.
* * * * *