U.S. patent number 3,711,089 [Application Number 04/867,711] was granted by the patent office on 1973-01-16 for ski training apparatus.
Invention is credited to Paul Reinhard.
United States Patent |
3,711,089 |
Reinhard |
January 16, 1973 |
SKI TRAINING APPARATUS
Abstract
A ski training device for simulating substantially all of the
movements encountered during normal skiing, such as longitudinal,
vertical and sidewards of tilting movements. Each ski is
advantageously supported by at least one pair of spaced rollers,
and the skis may rest either directly upon the rollers, or upon
endless belts passing around and extending between the forward and
rearward rollers of each pair. According to one embodiment of the
invention longitudinal movement of the skis may be imparted by a
crank arrangement which acts upon flexible pulley cords or belts to
lengthwise shift the skis. A further embodiment of the invention
contemplates vertical pivotal movement of each roller through the
provision of a hydraulic cylinder drive arrangement which is
operatively associated with lever members acting upon the rollers.
A further embodiment of the invention and serving for producing
irregular longitudinal and transverse tilting movement of the skis
contemplates eccentrically mounting the rollers upon transverse
axles, the forward and rearward rollers of each pair being counter
rotated by means of a gear train, the rollers supporting one ski
rotating faster than those supporting the other ski to thereby
produce both longitudinal and tilting movement of the skis. The
invention also teaches the possibility of not powering the rollers
but having such mounted so as to be freely rotatable in response to
forward and rearward movement of the skis. Weights or springs may
be used for rotationally biasing the rollers to a rest position and
providing resistance against rotation. Hydraluc cylinders or cam
operated crank arms may also be provided for effecting vertical or
pivotal movement of each roller relative to the others.
Inventors: |
Reinhard; Paul (4917 Melchau,
CH) |
Family
ID: |
4421205 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/867,711 |
Filed: |
October 20, 1969 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Nov 13, 1968 [CH] |
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16902/68 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
482/7;
482/71 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
22/203 (20130101); A63B 22/0023 (20130101); A63B
69/182 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
69/18 (20060101); A63b 069/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;272/57B,69,56.5SS,1R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1,086,010 |
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Aug 1954 |
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FR |
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168,159 |
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May 1965 |
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SU |
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Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A ski training device comprising support means supporting a pair
of skis, means for imparting forward and rearward longitudinal
movement to at least one of said skis, means for tilting said
support means in at least one direction, said supporting means
comprising at least one pair of forward and rearward support
rollers respectively supporting the forward and rearward ends of
each of said skis, said rollers being rotatable about axes disposed
transversely to the length of said skis, and said means for
imparting motion to said ski comprises drive means for
counter-rotating the rollers of said pair of rollers relative to
each other.
2. A device as defined in claim 1 wherein said tilting means
comprises eccentric axles upon which each of said rollers is
rotatably mounted.
3. A device as defined in claim 2 wherein the forward and rearward
rollers of each said pair of rollers are driven at different
rotational speeds relative to each other.
4. A device as defined in claim 2 wherein two pairs of said rollers
are provided, each of said rollers being driven at a different
rotational speed from each of the others of said rollers.
5. A device as defined in claim 2 wherein said tilting means
comprises a crank arm associated with each of said rollers, said
crank arm having a vertical portion and a horizontal portion and
pivotally mounted upon a stationary frame portion of the device
intermediate said horizontal and vertical portions, each said axle
being pivotally secured to the end of said horizontal portion, and
means engaging said vertical portion for pivoting said crank arm,
thereby pivoting said axle and said roller therewith.
6. A device as defined in claim 5 wherein said last named means
comprises the piston rod of a hydraulic piston.
7. A device as defined in claim 5 wherein said last named means
comprises a rotary cam.
8. A ski training device comprising support means supporting a pair
of skis, means for imparting forward and rearward longitudinal
movement to at least one of said skis, means for tilting said
support means in at least one direction, said supporting means
comprises at least one pair of forward and rearward support rollers
respectively supporting the forward and rearward ends of each of
said skis, said rollers being rotatable about axes disposed
transversely to the length of said skis, and said means for
imparting motion to said ski comprises a crank arm adapted for
rotation and having a crank pin secured to one end thereof, and a
flexible rope secured at one end thereof to said crank pin and at
the other end thereof to the forward end of said one ski, whereby
rotation of said crank arm will draw one ski forwardly.
9. A device as defined in claim 8, further comprising return spring
means to draw said one ski rearwardly opposite the action of said
crank arm and said rope.
10. A device as defined in claim 9, further comprising a second
flexible rope secured at one end thereof to the rearward end of
said one ski and at the other end thereof to the rearward end of
the other of said skis, and passing over a pulley intermediate said
ends of said rope, whereby forward movement of either ski will draw
the other ski rearwardly.
11. A ski training device comprising support means supporting a
pair of skis, means for imparting forward and rearward longitudinal
movement to at least one of said skis, means for tilting said
support means in at least one pair of forward and rearward support
rollers respectively supporting the forward and rearward ends of
each of said skis, said rollers being rotatable about axes disposed
transversely to the length of said skis, and said means for
imparting motion to said ski comprises a crank arm rigidly secured
at one end thereof to at least one of said rollers, said crank arm
being pivotally secured at its other end to a rotating crank,
whereby rotation of said crank will oscillate said crank arm and
said roller.
12. A ski training device comprising means for supporting at least
one of a pair of skis, and means for moving said supporting means
vertically and in the longitudinal direction of said ski, said
supporting means comprising at least two rollers, each of which
rollers is rotatable about an axis, the axes of said rollers being
disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of said skis, at
least one of said rollers being adapted to be pivoted vertically,
each of said rollers being pivotally mounted on a lever arm.
13. A ski training device comprising means for supporting at least
one of a pair of skis, and means for moving said supporting means
vertically and in the longitudinal direction of said ski, said
supporting means comprising at least two rollers, each of which
rollers is rotatable about an axis, the axes of said rollers being
disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of said skis, at
least one of said rollers comprises an eccentric member.
14. A device as defined in claim 13 wherein the axis of said
eccentric member is rotatably secured eccentrically to said
member.
15. A ski training device comprising means for supporting at least
one of a pair of skis, and means for moving said supporting means
vertically and in the longitudinal direction of said ski, said
supporting means comprises at least two rollers, each of which
rollers is rotatable about an axis, the axes of said rollers being
disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of said skis, and
said two rollers each being driven by motor means in opposite
rotational directions relative to each other.
16. A device as defined in claim 15 wherein said rollers supporting
one of said skis are driven at a different rotational speed from
the rollers supporting the other of said skis.
17. A ski training device comprising means for supporting at least
one of a pair of skis, and means for moving said supporting means
vertically and in the longitudinal direction of said ski, said
supporting means comprising four rollers rotatably secured within a
frame, said rollers being driven by motor means about eccentric
axes, at least both rollers supporting one of said skis being
driven at the same rotational speed, and the rollers supporting
different skis rotating at different rotational speeds.
18. A ski training device comprising means for supporting at least
one of a pair of skis, and means for moving said supporting means
vertically and in the longitudinal direction of said ski, said
supporting means comprises at least two rollers, each of which
rollers is rotatable about an axis, the axes of said rollers being
disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of said skis, and
further comprising handrails disposed to the side of said
supporting means, one of said handrails being adapted to operate a
stopping means for said rollers.
19. A device as defined in claim 18 wherein the other of said
handrails is adapted to operate a speed control means for said
rollers.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to ski training devices, and particularly to
a practice device for simulating the movements involved in actual
skiing.
It is known to provide devices which can be used by a skier to
practice various movements involved in skiing, which devices are
designed for use either indoors or at any other location where a
suitable snow-covered surface is either temporarily or permanently
unavailable for practice. One such known device comprises a
plurality of mats having bristles or the like on their upper
surfaces, which mats may be placed semi-permanently upon a level
surface or a slope and which offer a fair substitute for snow for
skiing upon. However, to be effective, such mats must cover a wide
area and hence take up a great deal of space, and inasmuch as they
represent a considerable investment of space and money, these mats
can obviously not be used in all locations and under all
circumstances where they might otherwise be desirable.
Other training devices are known which employ tiltable or rotating
supports for skis in a fixed location to simulate either twisting
movements or long cross-country striding movements, depending upon
the particular construction involved. However, these known devices
are generally capable of only a limited number of movements and
hence develop skill in only a limited fraction of the desired
turning or moving exercises for skiing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
With the above background in mind, it is therefore a primary object
of the invention to provide a ski training device which will enable
practicing a wide variety of the movements encountered in
skiing.
It is a further object of the invention to provide such a training
device which requires a minimum of space, and preferably requires a
space only slightly greater than the length of a pair of skis.
It s yet a further object of the invention to provide such a ski
training device which can develop as general a ski training
background as possible and which in particular will develop a good
sense of balance, quick reflex action, and intensive muscle
training on the part of the skier.
These as well as other objects of the invention which will become
evident as the description proceeds, are implemented by the
provision of a ski training device according to the present
invention, which, generally speaking, comprises at least one
supporting means movable elevationally and in the lengthwise
direction of the ski, and upon which the ski always bears.
According to a specific embodiment, the invention comprises
supporting means for each ski comprising at least a pair of rollers
having parallel axes disposed transversely to the axes of the skis,
the skis resting either directly upon the rollers or upon endless
belts passing around and extending between the forward and rearward
rollers in each pair.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rollers are
eccentrically mounted upon their transverse axles out of phase with
respect to each other and the rollers of each pair are
counter-rotated by a motor and gear drive so that alternate forward
and rearward longitudinal and tilting movements are produced. Means
are provided for sequential or independent vertical and pivoting
movements of the respective axles to further produce sideways
tilting motions.
In further embodiments of the invention, the rollers are
non-powered and rotate responsive to longitudinal movements of the
skis thereupon. The rollers are centrally mounted upon their
respective axles and include means to bias each roller rotationally
to a rest position and/or means to produce vertical or pivotal
movements of each axle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood from the following detailed
description of a preferred embodiment of the invention as well as
several alternative embodiments, taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of the training device
constructed in accordance with this invention;
FIG. 2 is a horizontal schematic view showing the means for
producing opposing longitudinal movement of two skis;
FIG. 3 is a vertical side elevational view, partially in section,
showing one form of arrangement for producing vertical movement of
the rollers;
FIG. 4 is a horizontal plane view, partially in section, showing
the drive means for the rollers; and
FIGS. 5 through 9 are side elevational views showing schematically
five alternative arrangements for producing rotational and/or
vertical movements of the rollers.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring first to FIG. 1, a ski training device is illustrated
comprising supporting means for a pair of skis, which supporting
means preferably comprises four drums or rollers 1, 2, 3, 4 which
are rotatably journaled by any suitable means at the ends thereof
in a stationary frame, not shown. The frame has secured thereto
longitudinally extending upright side walls 5 and 6 which extend
above the upper surfaces of the rollers and define therebetween a
lateral enclosed space for a pair of skis resting upon rollers 1
and 2 and rollers 3 and 4, respectively. Flooring panels 7, 8, and
9 fill the spaces in front of forward rollers 2 and 3 and behind
the rearward rollers 1 and 4 as well as between the forward and
rearward rollers, and are recessed below the upper surfaces of the
rollers.
Extending generally parallel to the upright side walls 5 and 6 and
supported thereabove at any suitable height by vertical support
members 11 and 12, are a pair of handrails forming hand operated
control rods 10 and 13. Control rod 10 is connected by a suitable
mechanical linkage, switch means, or other means, not shown, to
control means within a vertically extending control housing 14
situated at one corner of the device, and serves to control the
on-off operation of the device. As an example, control rod 10 may
be rigidly secured to vertical support member 11 at one end
thereof, which support member is pivotable about its lower end
within side wall 6, and is suitably connected to a linkage or
switch means so that lateral displacement of control rod 10 to
either side of its central vertical position, in the direction of
the double arrow, will actuate the drive means for the rollers.
Hence, release of control rod 10 to its central upright position,
for instance, will shut-down the device and thus acts as a
so-called dead-man control. Similarly, floor panels 7, 8 and 9, or
any combination thereof, if desired, can also function to shut-off
the mechanism, as in the event the skier falls from the rollers
onto one of the panels. Then the floor panels act also as dead-man
pedals with a reverse switching action. Conversely, control rod 13
may be rotatably mounted within vertical support member 12 and
within control housing 14 and may be connected to suitable control
means, for instance for controlling the speed of the drive means by
rotation of the control rod 13, as shown by the double arrow.
Control housing 14 may also include indicating means for indicating
the operating condition of the device. A suitable first dial 15 may
indicate the rotational speed at which the device is operating, and
a second dial 16 may indicate the elapsed time that the device has
been operating during training. The device may be used as a
coin-operated mechanism, in which case a suitable coin slot 17,
together with suitable internal coin control means, and a
malfunction indicator such as a signal light 18 are provided, and
time indicator dial 16 may then indicate the amount of remaining
time left to the user before completion of the cycle and shut-off
of the apparatus. In use, the skier enters the device of FIG. 1, in
the direction of arrow 19 thereof.
Means may be included for restraining the skis against improper or
excessive movement, which may comprise a longitudinal divider
member 8', shown in phantom in FIG. 1, which acts as side stop
means and serves to keep each ski on its respective side of the
device. Additionally, removable transverse end stop means, not
shown, may also be included to prevent the skis from overunning the
forward or rearward ends of the device. Further, partition or
divider member 8' can also be used, if desired, to shut-off the
device.
In FIG. 2 means are shown for impartinG longitudinal movement to
the skis independently of the rotation of the rollers. Rollers 1,
2, 3 and 4 are shown with skis SK-1 and SK-2 in position thereupon;
the rear ends of the skis are connected to each other by a first
flexible cord or rope S-1 which passes around a pulley or roller R
positioned behind the rear ends of the skis. By means of this cord
S-1 and pulley R, it is clear that forward movement of one of the
skis, e.g., SK-1, will result in rearward movement of the other
ski. Roller R is biased towards a first anchor point upon the frame
by means of a first tension spring F-1. The forward end of one of
the skis, SK-2, is connected by means of a second flexible cord or
rope S-3 to a second tension spring F-2, which is in turn secured
to a second anchor point on the frame. First and second flexible
cords S-1 and S-3, pulley R, and first and second tension springs
F-1 and F-2, together form a buffer means for the skis to prevent
jerky or irregular longitudinal movements of the skis.
The forward end of ski SK-1 is secured by means of a third flexible
cord or rope S-2, passing around first and second guide rollers R'
and R", to a crank pin KZ mounted on the end of a crank arm K,
which crank arm K is driven by any suitable drive means and may
either rotate continuously or may oscillate. It is apparent that
during a portion of the travel of crank pin KZ, the cord S-2 and
hence ski SK-1 will be drawn forwardly, and in turn will draw ski
SK-2 rearwardly due to the action of cord S-1 passing around pulley
or roller R. During the return travel of crank pin KZ, cord S-2
will be slackened and skis SK-1 and SK-2 will return to their
normal positions due to the return biasing action of springs F-1
and F-2. Thus, it will be seen that alternating and opposing
forward and rearward movements of skis SK-1 and SK-2 will be
produced.
In FIG. 3 means are shown for producing vertical pivoting movements
of each drum relative to the other drums. Although the drums
supporting only one ski SK are illustrated, it should be evident
that this supporting structure may be substantially duplicated on
the other side of the device to support the other ski. Drums 1' and
2', corresponding generally to drums 1 and 2 in FIGS. 1 and 2, are
rotatably mounted on the inner ends of horizontal portions of lever
arms SH-1 and SH-2, respectively, and are counter-rotated by means
of drive motors M-1, M-2 and drive belts R-1 and R-2, respectively,
the drive motors also being secured to the respective lever arms to
pivot therewith. Lever arms SH-1 and SH-2 pivot about fixed pivot
points secured to the frame, and have the lower ends of their
vertical portions pivotally connected to the outer ends of piston
rods PL-1 and PL-2, which piston rods have pistons Pk-1 and PK-2 on
the opposite ends thereof, sliding within hydraulic cylinders P-1
and P-2, respectively. The hydraulic cylinders P-1 and P-2 may be
kept at a constant pressure or may be subject to a cyclically
variable pressure to effect oscillating motion of the lever arms
SH-1 and SH-2 and hence the drums 1' and 2'.
As the ski SK moves forwardly or rearwardly, the center of gravity
shifts accordingly and exerts greater or lesser pressure on each of
the respective drums 1' and 2', thus creating a greater or lesser
frictional force between the rotating drum and the SK and resulting
in the ski being driven alternately forwardly and backwardly as the
weight shifts. In this manner, the skier is constantly forced to
shift his own weight to compensate for or match these movements of
the skis.
Means are shown in FIG. 4 for producing irregular longitudinal and
transverse tilting of the skis. In this figure, four drums 1", 2",
3", and 4" are provided, each of which has an eccentric hollow
shaft H-1, H-2, H-3, and H-4, respectively, extending in a
generally axial direction therethrough. Front and rear axles HA-2
and HA-1 are rigidly mounted between side frame members RA and pass
through the respective hollow shafts H-2, H-3 and H-1, H-4 of the
drums so that the drums are individually free to rotate about the
respective shafts HA-1 and HA-2.
Each hollow shaft terminates in a respective toothed gear Z-1, Z-2,
Z-3 and Z-4 rigidly attached thereto. The toothed gears on each
side of the device are driven by a motor M-11, M-2 through bevel
gear pair W-1, W-2 and a pair of counter-rotating gears Z-5, Z-6
and Z-7, Z-8, which respectively engage the gears Z-1, Z-2, z-4,
and Z--3. Gears Z-5 and Z-7 of each counter-rotating pair each have
fewer teeth than gears Z-6 and Z-8 of the respective pairs, so that
forward drums 2" and 3" rotate at a greater speed that rear drums
1" and 4". In addition, motors M-11 and M-12 may operate at
different speeds so that all four drums are rotating at different
speeds from each other. Due to the eccentric mounting of the
rollers upon their respective hollow shafts, rotation of the
rollers will produce a highly irregular cyclic pattern of
longitudinal and transverse tilting of the skis SK supported
thereby, particularly if different drive speeds are used for the
rollers. Alternately, the forward and rearward rollers may be
driven at the same speed, in which case the rollers are constantly
out of phase and produce a regular tilting movement whose frequency
will depend upon the rotational speed of the rollers. As a further
alternative, it is possible to utilize a single motor to drive the
rollers on only one side and thereby obtain an asynchronous
operation of the rollers on the other side by means of a slip
clutch, hydraulic converter, or the like. It is also possible to
utilize a single motor in such a way that the four rollers, in a
given eccentric phase displacement, are regulated relative to each
other.
FIGS. 5 through 9 depict modifications of the invention which can
be utilized to effect various combinations of tilting motions. In
these figures, two rollers 100 and 200 on one side of the device
are illustrated supporting a single ski SK, and it will be
understood that the structure shown is substantially duplicated on
the other side of the device. In FIGS. 5, 6, 8, and 9, an endless
belt 101 passes around rollers 100 and 200, and the ski SK is
supported upon the upper run of belt 101.
In FIGS. 5 and 6, rollers 100 and 200 are rotatably mounted upon
the outer horizontal ends of angled lever arms 110, 210 which are
pivotably mounted upon fixed bearing means 113 rigidly secured to
the frame. The lower vertical ends of these lever arms carry cam
follower means preferably comprising rotatable cam follower rollers
111 and 112, which rollers engage the outer surface of a rotating
eccentric cam EX having irregular lobes thereupon and driven by any
suitable drive means. It will be seen that the weight of rollers
100, 200 will keep the cam followers 111, 112 biased towards the
surface of cam EX. and that rotation of the cam will cause the
lobes to move the cam follower rollers 111, 112 outwardly and hence
pivot the supports for rollers 100 and 200 upwardly. By selecting a
cam of suitable contour, any desired pattern or sequence of
pivoting may be provided for rollers 100 and 200 relative to each
other, inasmuch as lever arms 110 and 210 are free tO pivot
independently of each other.
In these two modifications, the rollers 100 and 200 and endless
belt 101 are not power driven but are substantially free to rotate
responsive to forward and rearward longitudinal movements of the
skier, depicted by arrow SKB. Means are provided for rotationally
biasing the rollers towards a rest or equilibrium position to
prevent excessive movement of the skis and to provide a resistance
to such movement in order to improve the value of the exercises. In
FIG. 5, each of the rollers 100, 200 has secured thereto by any
suitable means, preferably interior of the rollers, eccentric
weights 102, 202; it will be appreciated that the rollers 100, 200
will tend to assume a rest or equilibrium position with the
eccentric weights 102, 202 downward.
FIG. 6 differs from FIG. 5 only in that the eccentric weights 102
and 202 are eliminated and instead a spring biasing system is
utilized. Each of the rollers 100, 200 has rigidly secured thereto
a small pulley 104, 204; a flexible rope or cord 105 is passed
around each of the pulleys in turn, and the opposite ends of rope
105 are secured to tension springs 103 and 203 which are in turn
secured to the frame rearwardly and forwardly, respectively, of the
rollers 100 and 200. It will be appreciated that as ski SK moves
forwardly and rearwardly in the direction of arrow SKB, cord 105
will be drawn in the opposite direction by one of the springs 103
and 203 against the pull of the other spring, and hence these
springs will act to bias the rollers 100, 200 towards a central
equilibrium or rest position.
In FIG. 7 a modification is shown substantially similar to FIG. 6,
with the lever arms 110 and 210 and eccentric cam EX removed for
clarity. In this modification no belt 101 is provided, the ski SK
resting directly upon rollers 100 and 200; however, operation is
otherwise identical with the modification of FIG. 6.
In FIG. 9 another modification is shown also substantially similar
to that of FIG. 6, with the lever arms 110 and 210 and eccentric
cam EX again removed for clarity. In this modification a belt 101
passes around rollers 100 and 200 and supports ski SK thereupon, as
described above; in place of the biasing means, however, driven
means are provided for alternately producing forward and rearward
movement of the ski SK. One of the rollers, illustrated as 100, has
rigidly secured to one end of its axle a driving arm 232. Arm 232
is pivotally attached at its end opposite roller 100, to a crank
arm 231 which is operated by a rotatable crank 230, driven by any
suitable drive means in either direction, as shown by the double
arrow. It should be clear that rotation of crank 230 will oscillate
driving arm 232 and hence roller 100, and therefore alternate
forward and rearward motion of ski SK supported thereon will
result, as shown by arrow SKB.
FIG. 8 illustrates a further modification of the invention wherein
the cam operated tilting means of FIGS. 5 through 7 is replaced by
a hydraulic tilting means. Rollers 100 and 200 have a supporting
bar 121 extending therebetween and rotatably secured at its
opposite ends to the axles 122 and 222 of the respective rollers. A
first vertical hydraulic cylinder 124 has a piston 125 sliding
therein, secured at its outer end to a piston rod 123 which is
pivotally mounted upon arm 121 intermediate the axles 122 and 222;
a second vertical hydraulic cylinder 224 has a piston 225 sliding
therein and secured to a second piston rod 223 pivotally mounted
upon arm 121 adjacent the axle 222 of roller 200. Hydraulic
cylinders 124 and 224 are connected to any suitable pressure source
and to a control means, not shown, so that any desired pattern of
vertical movement of piston rods 123 and 223, and hence tilting of
ski SK, is produced. Additionally, tension springs 120 and 220,
secured at one end thereof to bar 121 in the vicinity of first
piston rod 123 and at the other end thereof to belt 101, may be
provided to bias the rollers 100 and 200 and belt 101 towards a
rest position, as described above.
In all of the above embodiments, the two forward rollers may, if
desired, be constructed as a single roller serving as a common
support for the front ends of both skis; the two rearward rollers
may likewise be constructed as a single roller supporting the rear
ends of the skis. As a further modification, a rigid support such
as a board or slat may rest upon the forward and rearward rollers
and support the skis thereupon, in place of the rollers alone or
the rollers and an endless belt. It is possible, if desired, to
thereby eliminate one of the rollers.
It will be evident that the invention may be constructed by
combining the above modifications in numerous ways in addition to
those already specifically described in detail. The embodiments
given as representative examples merely serve to show that by means
of the training device of this invention, practically all movements
of skiing can be simulated so that an ideal training apparatus may
be constructed by relatively simple means.
It is also evident that by constructing a ski training device
according to the above detailed description, all of the objects set
forth in the introduction have been successfully fulfilled.
Accordingly,
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