U.S. patent number 3,683,651 [Application Number 05/086,411] was granted by the patent office on 1972-08-15 for device for household use, for washing and drying linen, articles of apparel and the like.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Industrie A Zanussi S.p.A.. Invention is credited to Lamberto Mazza.
United States Patent |
3,683,651 |
Mazza |
August 15, 1972 |
DEVICE FOR HOUSEHOLD USE, FOR WASHING AND DRYING LINEN, ARTICLES OF
APPAREL AND THE LIKE
Abstract
A linen washing and drying machine which is partitioned into two
vertical adjoining chambers, one for washing and drying
lightweight, delicate fabrics, and the other for washing the usual
linen. The articles are hung on suspension rods and means are
provided for shaking the articles. A valve is provided for the
piping which feeds the sprinklers with detergent and/or rinsing
liquor so as to reduce the flow of the fluid concerned as it
reaches a certain maximum limiting temperature for the washing of
delicate articles. The valve can be controlled by thermostatic
means or otherwise. Means can also be provided for reducing the
intensity of the shaking action imposed upon to the articles.
Inventors: |
Mazza; Lamberto (Pordenone,
IT) |
Assignee: |
Industrie A Zanussi S.p.A.
(Pordenone, IT)
|
Family
ID: |
11212575 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/086,411 |
Filed: |
November 3, 1970 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
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Nov 10, 1969 [IT] |
|
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24214 A/69 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
68/20; 68/205R;
68/27 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
17/04 (20130101); D06F 34/24 (20200201); D06F
18/00 (20130101); D06F 2103/16 (20200201) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
17/00 (20060101); D06F 17/04 (20060101); D06F
18/00 (20060101); D06f 039/08 (); D06f
031/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;68/20,25R,27 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scheel; Walter A.
Assistant Examiner: Coe; Philip R.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A device for washing linen, articles of apparel and the like,
including a closed container having an access opening capable of
being opened and closed and through which the articles to be washed
may be admitted and withdrawn, partition means within the container
dividing the interior thereof into two chambers for washing
delicate articles and usual articles, respectively, a plurality of
support members mounted within each chamber for supporting the
articles to be treated in a freely hanging condition, a plurality
of nozzles in each chamber for directing a liquor onto the articles
supported therein, with the articles being subjected to a shaking
action for preventing the articles from sticking together during
washing, a feeding conduit for the washing liquor, further conduit
providing communication between the feeding conduit and the nozzle
in each
chamber, at least a cutoff valve being provided for the chamber
containing the delicate articles for the cutting the flow of
liquor, and means to close said valve when the liquor reaches a
preselected temperature, so that the feeding of the liquor at a
higher temperature takes place via the conduit leading to the other
chamber exclusively.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said
nozzles in each chamber comprise a couple of rotary heads equipped
with the nozzles which are adapted to direct liquor jets onto the
area of the articles to be washed which is near the support
members.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said
valve is adjustable for throttling the liquor flow, so as to reduce
the intensity of the shaking action.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a double
circuit for the forced circulation of drying air is provided, said
circuit having a common condensing chamber between said two
chambers and independent fan means and air-heating means within the
container above and in communication with each of the two
chambers.
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the
cutoff valve is controlled automatically by thermostat means within
the container responsive to the temperature of the washing
liquor.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that means are
provided for excluding the cutoff valve prior to starting a washing
cycle, so that the normal washing operation is carried out in both
chambers for the articles loaded therein.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a device capable of carrying out a
differential washing operation, and more particularly, with
different washing temperatures of linen, articles of apparel and
the like.
The conventional household drum washing machines are characterized,
to the ends of their practical use, by a loading capacity of from 4
to 5 kilograms of dry linen and by the possibility of selecting
among a number of washing programs in order to adapt a few
operational parameters to the several kinds of linen.
Generally, linen for household is classified, to the ends of the
household washing process, into the following classes:
1. Cotton fabrics, in white or fast colors.
2. Cotton fabrics with poorly fast colors and mixed fabrics (cotton
admixed with synthetic fibers).
3. Synthetic-yarn fabrics.
4. Woollen fabrics. This is because every class requires a
different handling during the performance of the mechanical
washing.
The washing programs differ mainly for the maximum temperature
which is reached during washing and for the presence (or not) of
the mangling operation (by centrifuging), whereas in the more
intricate machines, also the drum speed of rotation and the water
level are modified.
In these different programs, summing up and considering the washing
stage proper only, the thermal action (and thus, at least
partially, the chemical action of the detergent solutions) and the
mechanical action are modulated.
As a matter of fact, the high temperatures (from 85.degree. to
100.degree. C) which are useful and often essential for washing
very dirty and washing fast cotton, are too high for:
Mixed and synthetic fabrics in which the wrinkling produced by the
mechanical washing action is deeply impressed at temperatures above
55.degree.- 65.degree. C, or in which yellow discolorations or
modifications of the colors can take place.
Cotton fabrics (or other fabrics) with poorly fast colors in which
there is a tendency towards color fading (the detergent solution
becomes dyed) at temperatures above 50.degree.-60.degree. C.
Articles in which accessory elements are incorporated, which are
susceptible of being damaged at the higher temperatures, such as
ribbons, elastic threads, reinforcing accessories, etc.
As regards the mechanical action, the speeds of rotation of a drum
which could be suited to cotton, are less advisable for mixed and
synthetic fabrics and cannot be tolerated by wool even of the
"non-felting" type, since they cause, on the contrary, felting of
the wool.
For the same speed of rotation of a drum, a reduction of the
mechanical action can be achieved by reducing the times, by
increasing the liquor level in the tub and by properly varying the
load introduced in the drum.
The plural washing programs as afforded by the conventional drum
machines have a reduced value from a practical standpoint.
As a matter of fact, the user who effects washing once weekly or
more often, has accumulated a few kilograms of articles, which are
divided into at least two groups, one of which (linen which can be
laundered at high temperatures) predominates over the other (linen
which should be washed at a medium or a low temperature). Thus, the
user is led to adopt the high-temperature program prevailingly
since it is easy to make up a load of 3 to 5 kilograms of sturdy
cotton fabrics, whereas he seldom uses the other programs inasmuch
as he can accumulate only with difficulty, even in the weekly time
span, an appropriately bulky load of articles to be washed at the
lower temperatures.
Stated another way, a user who is sensitive to the economic face of
washing problems has before him, very often, the alternative of
frequently washing by hand certain articles (shirts, socks,
underwear etc.) or of accumulating dirty articles along periods of
time over 1 week, to render washing possible at full load and thus
at a minimum cost.
Washing and drying devices are known, in which the articles to be
washed are hung, in their final desired shape, from supporting rods
and are exposed to a plurality of liquid jets, the liquid being,
during progress of the washing cycle, once a detergent solution and
once a rinsing liquor, whereas the articles are subjected to a
shaking action, so that the mechanical shaking action, concurrently
with the spraying of liquids, ensures the unsticking of dirt from
the surfaces which are either exposed to the jets or sheltered
therefrom, while the liquid which flows downwardly along the
articles ensures a pressing or smoothing action so that the washed
and dried articles can be either directly worn or can they be worn
after a light pressing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a washing and drying device is
provided, of the kind comprising a cabinet like closed container, a
plurality of rods for hanging linen and articles of apparel thereon
in an appropriate way, a plurality of sprinklers for spraying a
liquid onto the hung articles, with the latter being subjected to a
shaking action during washing, characterized in that the inner
space of the container is partitioned into two chambers, with one
chamber serving for washing delicate articles and the other for
usual articles, respectively, each chamber being equipped with
mechanisms of its own for spraying and for shaking the articles to
be washed, and in which at least one valve is provided for the
feeding main for the washing liquor serving for the washing chamber
of delicate articles, for cutting the liquid flow, with such valve
being actuable as the liquor reaches a preselected temperature,
which is the one adapted for washing delicate articles, and thus
the lower temperature, whereas heating of the washing solution is
continued as well as its feeding to the other of said two
chambers.
It becomes thus possible, with the present devices, to carry out
differential washing operations of different articles at the most
appropriate temperatures and conditions for washing such
articles.
The principal advantage of the present invention is that of
obtaining said differential washing with a single, simple and cheap
washing circuit.
Another advantage, which will become more clearly apparent as the
present description proceeds, is that, when the load of articles to
be washed in the two chambers is homogeneous in nature, washing is
carried out in both chambers under very much the same conditions,
whereas, should linen to be treated at a low or medium temperature
be arranged in either chamber, and linen to be treated at higher
temperatures is positioned in the other chamber, the user can act
so as to determine in advance the two different washing cycles for
the two chambers. Temperature is modified by throttling the flow of
the washing liquid which is directed towards the chamber where the
washing at the lower temperatures should be effected, as soon as
the washing liquor has reached the lower temperature, while the
heating and washing sequence is continued at the higher
temperatures in the other washing chamber.
Moreover, the mechanical shaking action on the suspended articles,
irrespective of the manner in which shaking action as itself takes
place, can be caused to vary accordingly.
Features and advantages of the present invention will become more
clearly apparent from the ensuing description, which is given by
way of example only and without limitation, reference being had to
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, showing one of the washing
chambers.
FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II--II of FIG. 1, the view
looking in the direction of the arrows and
FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line III--III of FIG. 2, the view
looking in the direction of the arrows.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference to the drawings, the device according to the present
invention, comprises a cabinet-like container 10 partitioned into
two chambers 11 and 12 by a twofold partition wall 13 and 14 which
provides a jacket 15. The two chambers 11 and 12 are closed by
respective doors 16 and 17 and have, in their topmost sections,
pluralities of supporting rods 18, arranged horizontally and
appropriately spaced apart in order to allow articles 32, to be
washed, to be hung over the rods, appropriately folded in the final
desired shape. The supporting rods 18 can be appropriately carried
by a framing (not shown), and the latter could be slidably
withdrawable, with the aid of guideways, from the chamber which
encloses the framing.
The washing circuit comprises a single circulation pump 19, which
draws the detergent solution from bottom portion 20, which is
common to both the washing chambers, and, via a duct 21, it feeds
the sprinkler systems for the chambers 11 and 12, as will be
explained hereinafter. On the common bottom portion 20 of the two
chambers, a wire mesh filter 22 is provided, which is adapted to
retain gross impurity particles, whereas a filter 23 for filtering
out finer particles is provided on the delivery side of the pump
19, so as to prevent clogging and stoppage of the sprinkling
nozzles. For the discharge of the washing suds and the rinsing
liquor at the termination of each washing cycle, a sump pump 24 is
provided, and has an outlet duct 25. Lastly, a heating appliance,
as diagrammatically shown in the form of a resistor 26, is provided
for heating the washing liquor.
Each chamber, 11 and 12, is equipped with a system of jet spray
sprinklers for the articles hung on the supporting rods 18 and the
system comprises a couple of rotary sprinklers 27A, and 27B, for
the chamber 11, and 28A, 28B for the chamber 12, respectively,
interconnected by a duct, 29 and 30, respectively, and carrying
appropriate and conventional sprinkling nozzles 31. In the
drawings, the chamber 11 is intended for the delicate washing, that
is to say at lower temperatures, so that on branch tubing 33, which
feeds from the duct 21 the rotary sprinklers 27A, 27B, a throttling
valve 34 is provided, which is preferably automatically controlled.
A second governing valve 35, which could even have a manual control
36, may be provided for throttling the flow directed to the
sprinklers 27A, 27B.
A timer for controlling the washing machine cycle and possibly the
actuation to the "on" and "off" conditions of the valves 34 and 35
is denoted 50. A thermostat 51 sensitive to the temperature of the
washing liquid is located in the bottom portion 20 of the container
10 and, in a manner well known per se, serves to control the
actuation of the valves 34 and/or 35 to the position in which the
feed of washing liquid to the corresponding washing chamber is
intercepted, namely upon reaching a predetermined temperature
level, so as to prevent delicate articles from being damaged.
As regards the drying stage, each chamber 11, 12 is equipped with a
fan, 37 and 38, respectively, driven by a motor 39 for the fan 37,
whereas the motor for the fan 38 is not shown in the drawings. As
shown in FIG. 3 an air heating device 52 such as an electrical
resistance is provided for the fan 37 and the resistance is
controlled by a suitable device such as the programming timer. Of
course, a similar resistance is provided for the fan 38. The
circuit for the drying air comprises, moreover, the jacket 15, in
whose interior a shower tube 40 is provided for condensing the
water vapor as formed during drying of the articles, and possibly
also for killing the foam left on completion of a washing cycle. An
air-heating system (not shown) is also provided at an appropriate
location. As already pointed out, either chamber (in the example
shown in the drawing this is chamber 11) is preset for carrying
out, whenever so desired, the washing of delicate articles at a
reduced temperature, possibly also with a less vigorous mechanical
handling, as compared with the normal washing conditions. To this
purpose, when the washing solution reaches the maximum temperature
which can be tolerated for delicate washing, the cutoff valve 34 is
closed by means of an appropriate control, such as that furnished
by a thermostat or a timer, and the flow is deflected towards the
chamber 12. It should be noticed, in this connection, that
appropriate expedients, such as the use of throttling valves or
by-pass valves, can be provided so as to prevent the temperature
and the washing action in the second chamber 12, from being
negatively influenced by the cutting of the flow in the chamber 11.
In addition, a manually operated throttling valve can be provided
for adjusting the intensity of the mechanical action, that is, for
reducing this intensity in the washing chamber for delicate
handling, especially when the sprinkling jets are entrusted with
the task of applying a shaking action to the articles to be
washed.
It should be observed that the shaking action can be executed, in a
manner known per se, by the hydraulic sprinklers themselves, whose
jets impinge on the articles to be washed in the vicinity of the
area where the articles are hung on the suspension rods, or by
mechanical means which effect horizontal oscillations of the
supporting rods.
It should be observed, that the device according to the present
invention also makes it possible to carry out drying at different
temperatures and for different times, especially on account of the
fact that, the centrifuging action being lacking, the drying times
and the drying temperatures are radically different, for a few
kinds of textile fibers, from those which are required for other
kinds of fibers.
The invention has been described in connection with an exemplary
embodiment, it being otherwise understood that a number of
modifications and changes can be introduced therein, which are
conceptually and mechanically equivalent, without departing from
the scope of said invention.
* * * * *