U.S. patent number 3,678,529 [Application Number 05/052,216] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-25 for adjustable brush.
Invention is credited to Marvin G. Beck, John A. Woods.
United States Patent |
3,678,529 |
Woods , et al. |
July 25, 1972 |
ADJUSTABLE BRUSH
Abstract
An adjustable brush particularly suited for use with machines
adapted to employ rotary cleaning brushes, characterized by a
plurality of concentrically related, annular arrays of tufts of
bristles extended from a base plate and substantially terminating
in a common plane. A particular feature of the brush resides in a
provision of a support plate selectively positioned between said
base plate and said plane, including therewithin a multiplicity of
annular arrays of tuft-receiving openings, and operatively
suspended from said base plate by a plurality of screw-threaded
studs adapted to be digitated for repositioning the support plate
relative to the plane, whereby the trim length, or effective length
of the bristles and, consequently their flexibility, selectively is
varied.
Inventors: |
Woods; John A. (Fresno, CA),
Beck; Marvin G. (Fresno, CA) |
Family
ID: |
21976151 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/052,216 |
Filed: |
July 6, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
15/180;
15/169 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A46B
9/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A46B
9/00 (20060101); A46B 9/10 (20060101); A46b
013/02 (); A46b 013/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/162,169,170,180,49R,5R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
685,956 |
|
Jan 1953 |
|
GB |
|
81 |
|
Jan 1886 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Feldman; Peter
Claims
Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is:
1. An adjustable brush comprising:
A. a base plate of a substantially planar disk-shaped configuration
adapted to be coupled with a rotary scrubbing machine;
B. a disk-shaped support plate;
C. means adjustably coupling the support plate with the base plate
in a variable spaced relationship therewith;
D. means defining within said support plate a multiplicity of
tuft-supporting openings arranged in a plurality of concentric
annular arrays; and
E. a plurality of substantially parallel bristles separated into a
plurality of compact tufts arranged in a plurality of
concentrically related annular arrays, seated in and extended from
said base plate, the tufts of the inner arrays extending through
the tuft-supporting openings of the support plate and the tufts of
the outermost array circumscribing the peripheral surface of the
support plate.
2. The brush of claim 1 wherein the tufts of the outermost array of
tufts are so arranged as to cause said array to conform to a
substantially truncated conical configuration.
3. An adjustable brush comprising:
A. a disk-shaped base plate having a substantially planar
configuration and including means defining therein a multiplicity
of mutually spaced, tuft-receiving openings arranged in a
multiplicity of concentrically related annular arrays;
B. a support plate including means defining therein a multiplicity
of tuft-supporting openings disposed in a plurality of
concentrically related annular arrays and coaxially related to
selected tuft-receiving openings;
C. a plurality of bristles bundled into a plurality of tufts seated
in said tuft-receiving openings and extended through selected
tuft-supporting openings and terminating in a terminal plane in a
manner such that the tufts are arranged in a plurality of
concentric arrays of tufts with the outermost array of said
plurality of arrays circumscribing the periphery of said support
plate; and
D. adjustable coupling means coupling said support plate with said
base plate adapted to be digitated to reposition said support plate
to selected positions relative to said terminal plane, whereby the
stiffness of said tufts is varied by varying the trim length of
said bristles as they extend between said support plate and said
terminal plane.
4. The brush of claim 3 wherein the tufts of the outermost annular
array of tufts are inclined with respect to the tufts of the
adjacent array of tufts.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates generally to rotary brushes, and more
particularly to a rotary brush having extended bristles laterally
supported in a manner such that the flexibility of the bristles
readily is adjustable to impart to the brush a selected softness
for purposes of accommodating a cleaning of carpets and the like,
while enhancing the wear resistant characteristics of the
bristles.
The prior art is replete with rotary brushes, including those
having disk-shaped base plates, sometimes called clutch plates,
provided with a plurality of annular arrays of extended, compact
bundles of bristles, frequently called "tufts". Normally, such
brushes are employed with rotary scrubbing machines of types having
power units which drive the brushes in unidirectional rotation for
purposes of performing scrubbing, waxing, shampooing and similar
operations. Various types of bristle materials commonly are
employed in fabricating the tufts of brushes so employed. Among
such materials are both natural and synthetic fibers.
Unfortunately, each type of fiber heretofore commonly employed
normally suffers from certain deficiencies. For example, where
natural fibers are employed certain fluids employed in cleaning
operations undesirably affect these fibers causing the fibers
rapidly to deteriorate under constant use.
It is well known that certain synthetic materials are highly
resistant to the effect of cleaning fluids. However, surfaces to be
cleaned frequently require that the cleaning fluids be delivered
and utilized while relatively hot in order to achieve the desired
cleaning function. As a consequence of utilization of heated
fluids, the inherent stiffness of the individual bristles
frequently is substantially reduced. This effect particularly is
pronounced where synthetic materials are employed as a bristle
material. The natural result is that where the bristles are
employed with hot cleaning fluids they are subjected to inordinate
flexing. When synthetic bristles are subjected to a continuous
flexing, under an operative use, they tend to fail due to resulting
fatigue. This failure normally is experienced in the form of
breaking, splitting and often complete fracture.
Of course, as the bristles are extended from their base, the
unsupported body portion thereof initially can be provided with a
reduced length, normally called "trim length", in order to increase
bristle stiffness and thus avoid undesired flexing of the bristles.
However, such a practice tends generally to be unsatisfactory since
the operative life of the brush substantially is reduced. Hence,
while synthetic materials, such as nylon, are particularly useful
in resisting the deleterious effects of the chemical compositions
of various types of cleaning fluid, and, consequently, are
particularly suited for use in cleaning operations, bristles formed
from such material tend to be particularly susceptible to bending,
as well as fatigue resulting from such bending. Consequently, the
commonly provided bristles fail to fully satisfy existing
needs.
In order to overcome the noted deficiencies of various types of
bristles, it heretofore has been a practice to shear the tufts of
deformed and failing bristles so that the substantially straight
and foreshortened body portion of the bristles is provided to be
re-used. Another technique sometimes employed requires that the
machine include reversing directions of rotation for the brushes,
whereby the tufts operatively are flexed in an opposite direction.
Unfortunately, both of the aforementioned practices tend to be
expensive. For example, where shearing of the brushes is employed,
a significant expense is encountered in performing the shearing
operations and in supplying machine operators with an adequate
number of replacement brushes. Where a reversal of the direction of
rotation of the brush, during cleaning operations, is accommodated,
complexity is introduced into the design and fabrication of the
scrubbing machines and the couplings employed in coupling the
brushes to the machines. Therefore, there currently exists a need
for a practical solution to the problem of providing an economic
brush having an increased operative life.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It therefore is an object of the instant invention to provide an
improved brush having adjustably supported bristles.
Another object is to provide a brush having an increased operative
life.
Another object is to provide an improved brush which is suited for
extended use with rotary scrubbing machines.
Another object is to provide a brush which includes an adjustable
support plate for varying the trim length of tufts of bristles
fabricated of synthetic materials whereby the flexibility of the
bristles is variably controlled.
It is another object to provide a disk-shaped rotary brush having a
base plate from which is extended a plurality of tufts of bristles
of a synthetic material arranged in a plurality of concentrically
related, annular arrays, and an adjustable support plate coupled to
the base plate adapted to be repositioned relative to the plane of
the base plate for varying the trim length of the tufts, whereby
lateral support is imparted to the bristles for thus controlling
the flexibility of the tufts.
These and other objects and advantages are achieved by providing a
rotary brush with an adjustable support plate including a
multiplicity of concentrically related annular arrays of openings
adapted to receive and laterally support tufts of bristles extended
from a base plate, whereby the tufts are afforded lateral support
so that the stiffness of the bristles can selectively be varied
simply by manually repositioning of the support plate relative to
the distal ends of the tufts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating, in phantom lines, a
machine of a type with which the adjustable brush of the instant
invention commonly is employed, when utilized in cleaning
operations.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a rotary brush of the type illustrated
in FIG. 1 and which embodies the principles of the present
invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a support plate provided for the brush of
FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the brush of FIGS. 1 and 2,
illustrating a position in which the support plate can be disposed
in order to maximize trim length and accordingly increase bristle
flexibility.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation, similar to that of FIG. 4, illustrating
a position in which the support plate can be disposed in order to
minimize trim length and accordingly reduce bristle
flexibility.
FIG. 6 is a somewhat enlarged fragmented elevation of the brush of
FIG. 5, illustrating a relationship established between the outer
array of tufts and the associate support plate, whereby the
bristles of the outermost array are supported against flexing.
FIG. 7 is a side elevation, similar to FIG. 6, illustrating a
modified relationship established between the outer array tufts of
bristles and the support plate which permits the bristles of the
outermost array to be flexed radially for thereby operatively
increasing the effective diameter of the brush.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters
designate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views,
there is in FIG. 1 illustrated, in phantom lines, a scrubbing
machine 10. In practice, the machine 10 is provided with a suitable
motor 12 which serves selectively to drive a rotary brush 14 for
performing various operations, including a cleaning of carpets
formed of nylon and similar synthetic materials.
As illustrated, the brush 14, which embodies the principles of the
instant invention, includes a base plate 16, frequently referred to
as a clutch plate, having provided therein a plurality of fluid
delivery openings 18 through which selected cleaning fluids and the
like operatively are delivered during various stages of cleaning
operations.
The base plate 16 includes a suitable coupling collar 19 configured
to couple the brush 14 with an output coupling of the machine 10.
The plate 16 also includes a multiplicity of tuft-receiving
openings 20 for receiving therewithin the base of bristles 22
grouped into compact tufts 24. The openings 20 normally are
arranged in a plurality of concentrically related, annular arrays
of mutually spaced openings, whereby the brush 14 is provided with
a multiplicity of concentrically related arrays of extended tufts,
including a circumscribing outer array 25. The distal portions of
the tufts 24 are adapted to engage a surface as it is being
cleaned, while the motor 12 of the machine 10 imparts a selected
rate of rotation to the brush 14 for advancing the distal portions
of the tufts along the engaged surface.
The particular manner in which the tufts 24 are secured within the
openings 20 can be varied as found practical. As a practical
matter, however, in order to increase the operative effectiveness
of the brush 14, the tufts 24 of the outermost array 25 are
inclined relative to the adjacent tufts of the adjacent array. This
is achieved simply by forming the openings 20 which receive the
tufts 24 of the array 25 in a manner such that the openings are
inwardly inclined so that the tufts 24 are inclined relative to the
tufts of the remaining arrays.
Since the base plate 16, coupling collar 19, and the mounting of
the tufts 24 within the openings 20 form no particular part of the
instant invention, and is well within the purview of the art, a
detailed description thereof is omitted in the interest of
brevity.
In order to impart a desired stiffness to the tufts 24, there is
provided a support plate 26, which, in effect, serves to vary the
trim length of the bristles. This plate is of a planar
configuration and includes a multiplicity of suitable openings 28
through which cleaning fluids being employed operatively are
delivered to the surface being cleaned. Additionally, the support
plate 26 is provided with a multiplicity of tuft-receiving openings
30.
The openings 30 also are arranged in a plurality of concentrically
related, annular arrays 25, in a manner such that they are paired
with, and coaxially related to the openings 20 formed in the plate
16. The tufts 24 axially are extended through the openings 30 so
that the support plate 26 is, in effect, positioned between the
plane of the surface being cleaned and the plane of the openings
20. It is important to understand that the openings 30 are of a
diameter such as to firmly engage the peripheral surface of the
tufts 24, whereby their surfaces serve to impart lateral stability
to the tufts and consequently the bristles 22 in order to preclude
an operative deflection of the individual bristles 22. Since the
tufts 24 extend from openings 30, formed within the support plate
26, which imparts lateral stability to the individual bristles 22
of the tufts 24, the tufts can be assumed to have their base
portions disposed within the plate 26 so that their body portions,
in effect, are provided with a trim length dictated by the spacing
of the support plate 26 relative to the distal ends of the
tufts.
Hence, it should readily be apparent that in order to increase the
stiffness of the bristles 22 of the tufts 24, the support plate 26
is repositioned to a plane located near the distal ends of the
tufts. Where this stiffness is to be reduced, the plate 26 is
repositioned to a plane located near the base plate 16. It is
therefore to be understood that by repositioning the plate 26 it is
possible practically to control the trim length of the bristles 22
for thus controlling their stiffness.
In order to achieve the desired repositioning of the support plate
26, a plurality of screw-threaded adjusting studs 32 are employed
in mounting the support plate. Each stud 32 includes a thumb-wheel
34 rigidly fixed thereto and rotatably is seated in the support
plate 26, through a suitable bearing pin and collar coupling
assembly 35, FIG. 6. As a practical matter, the base plate 16
includes therein a multiplicity of appropriately formed
screw-threaded bores 36 which receive the screw-threaded studs 32
so that as the thumb-wheel 34 is manipulated, the studs 32 are
advanced along the bores 36 for thereby selectively repositioning
the support plate 26.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, the plate 26 includes an annular array of
openings 30 which receive therein the outermost array 25 of tufts
24 for imparting lateral stability to the tufts of this array.
Consequently, all of the bristles 22, as they are extended from the
base plate 16, have imparted thereto a similar stiffness and the
flexibility thereof is controlled by repositioning the plate 26
relative to the base plate 16.
While the plate 26, as shown in FIG. 6, functions quite
satisfactorily for its intended purposes, it frequently is
desirable to clean in crevices, corners and the like which require
that the bristles 22 of the rotary brush 14 be extended radially
from the periphery of the base plate 16. Such a radial extension of
the distal end portions of the bristles 22 of the outermost array
25 can readily be accommodated by providing the support plate 26
with a modified configuration, as best illustrated in FIG. 7. As
illustrated in FIG. 7, the support plate 26 is so configured that
the tufts 24 of the outermost annular array 25 substantially are
unsupported at their mid-portions so that the array of tufts
circumscribes the periphery of the support plate 26. Consequently,
as the plate 16 is driven in rotation, through a selective
operation of the motor 12, the bristles 22 of the outermost array
25 are permitted to flex outwardly beyond the periphery of the
plate 16 for thereby effectively increasing the operative diameter
of the brush 14.
OPERATION
It is believed that in view of the foregoing description, the
operation of the device will be readily understood and it will be
briefly reviewed at this point. With the brush 14 assembled in a
manner such that the studs 32 serve to secure the support plate 26
at a predetermined disposition, between the distal ends of the
bristles 22 and the base plate 16, the brush operatively is coupled
with a scrubbing machine 10. In the event the stiffness imparted to
the bristles 22 is greater than that desired in performing a given
cleaning operation, the brush can be "softened" simply by
manipulating the plurality of thumb-wheels 34 for advancing the
plate 26 toward the base plate 16 for thus lengthening the trim
length of the bristles 22. Consequently, the flexibility of the
bristles thus is increased.
Conversely, where it is found to be desirable to increase the
stiffness of the bristles 22 of the tufts 24, the thumb-wheels 34
are manipulated in a manner such as to advance the plate 26 toward
the distal ends of the bristles 22 for thereby shortening their
trim length and thus reducing their flexibility.
Where the outermost array 25 of the tufts 24 is confined by the
support plate 26, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the bristles 22 of this
array remain substantially rigid. However, where the tufts of the
outermost array 25 circumscribe the periphery of the support plate
26, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the distal ends of the bristles 22 of
the outermost array 25 of tufts 24 are permitted to flex outwardly
for thus increasing the effective diameter of the brush 14 whereby
certain cleaning operations are enhanced.
In view of the foregoing, it should readily be apparent that the
hereinbefore described embodiment of the instant invention is a
greatly improved rotary brush, due to the fact that the stiffness
of the brush's bristles accurately can be controlled through a
selective repositioning of the support plate so that degradation of
the bristles effectively is controlled, while the overall
effectiveness of the brush simultaneously is enhanced.
Although the invention has been herein shown and described in what
is conceived to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it
is recognized that departures may be made therefrom within the
scope of the invention, which is not to be limited to the
illustrative details disclosed.
* * * * *