U.S. patent number 3,673,641 [Application Number 05/163,806] was granted by the patent office on 1972-07-04 for paper-clips.
Invention is credited to Kurt Lorber.
United States Patent |
3,673,641 |
Lorber |
July 4, 1972 |
PAPER-CLIPS
Abstract
The present invention discloses and claims a paper-clip which is
injection moulded in one piece from resilient plastics material.
The clip has outer clamping limbs and an inner clamping member
which lie in substantially the same plane when in an unstressed
state, the inner clamping member comprising two clamping portions
which are interconnected at one end by a connecting portion which
is resistant to bending, the clamping portions having a low
resistance to torsion and having smaller cross section than bridge
portions which extend transversely, one from each of the other
adjacent ends of the clamping portions, the ends of the transverse
bridge portions remote from each other being interconnected by the
outer clamping limbs which extend around the inner clamping member,
the inner clamping member having, contiguous to its end remote from
the transverse bridge portions, a support member which lies
substantially in the plane of the inner clamping member and which
extends into the vicinity of the transverse bridge portions, the
transverse bridge portions being resistant to bending and the
support member together with the connecting portion forming a unit
which is resistant to bending in its central region and less
resistant to bending in its outer regions.
Inventors: |
Lorber; Kurt (7301
Aichelberg/Wurtt, DT) |
Family
ID: |
5778288 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/163,806 |
Filed: |
July 19, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jul 29, 1970 [DT] |
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P 20 37 708.6 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
24/67.9; D19/86;
D19/65; 24/545 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B42F
1/10 (20130101); Y10T 24/44769 (20150115); Y10T
24/205 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B42F
1/00 (20060101); B42F 1/02 (20060101); B44F
11/02 (20060101); B44F 11/00 (20060101); B42f
001/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;24/67CF,67.9,255P,259PF,261PC,261G |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Griffin; Donald A.
Claims
I claim:
1. A paper-clip which is injection moulded in one piece from
resilient plastics material, said clip comprising an inner clamping
member, outer clamping limbs, a support member and bridge portions,
two clamping portions defining said inner clamping member with a
connecting portion interconnecting said clamping portions at one
end thereof, the clamping portions having a low resistance to
torsion and the connecting portion having a high resistance to
bending, said bridge portions which have a larger cross section
than the clamping portions, extending transversely one from each of
the other adjacent ends of the clamping portions and said outer
clamping limbs extending between the ends of the transverse bridge
portions remote from each other, around said inner clamping member,
the support member extending from the end region of the clamping
portions remote from the transverse bridge portions towards the
transverse bridge portions, the support member together with the
connecting portion forming a unit which is resistant to bending in
its central region and less resistant to bending at its outer
regions and the outer clamping limbs, bridge portion, inner
clamping member and support member all lying substantially in the
same plane when in an unstressed state whereby the inner clamping
member can be displaced from the outer clamping limbs to grip
sheets therebetween.
2. A paper-clip according to claim 1, wherein the support member is
of arrow-shaped configuration in the direction in which the
paper-clip is to be slipped on.
3. A paper-clip according to claim 2 wherein the support member has
two limbs which taper from the connecting portion towards their
ends, on which ends are located thickened portions.
4. A paper-clip according to claim 1, wherein the outer clamping
limbs converge in a V-shape from the said remote ends of the
transverse bridge portions to a junction.
5. A paper-clip according to claim 4, wherein the outer clamping
limbs, taper from the said remote ends of the transverse bridge
portions towards their junction.
6. A paper-clip according to claim 4 wherein in a manner known per
se, the junction of the outer clamping limbs is widened during
manufacture of the paper-clip from injection-moulded plastics
material, so that the junction is wider than adjacent portions of
the outer clamping limbs.
7. A paper-clip according to claim 1, wherein the width of the
paper-clip measured in the direction of the transverse bridge
portions corresponds substantially to its dimensions at right
angles thereto.
8. A paper-clip according to claim 1 wherein the clamping portions
have a cross section with substantially equal dimensions in both
directions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a paper-clip having outer clamping
limbs and an inner clamping member which lie substantially in the
same plane when in the unstressed state, the inner clamping member
being connected to the outer clamping limbs by two transverse
bridge portions of greater length. Also, the end of the inner
clamping member remote from the transverse bridge portions has
contiguous thereto a support member which lies substantially in the
plane of the inner clamping member and which extends into the
vicinity of the transverse bridge portions.
Such a paper-clip, made from wire or sheet metal, is known.
However, in this paper-clip, all the parts have the same cross
sections and the inner clamping members are separated from one
another. The known paper-clip does not provide an adequate clamping
force and, when clamping together thick documents, tends to spring
away from the latter. Furthermore, it is very susceptible to
breakage and is expensive to manufacture.
Furthermore, the applicant's German Pat. Specification No.
1,221,608 discloses a paper-clip made from plastics material. It is
relatively narrow, so that only a relatively narrow gap is formed
between the inner clamping limb and the outer clamping limbs. Only
a relatively small number of sheets can be clamped together by
means of such paper-clips. It has transpired that the thickness of
the pad of sheets to be clamped to one another has to be
sufficiently small for the pad to bend between the inner and outer
clamping limbs. If the clip is used on a thicker pad of sheets, the
free ends of the clamping limbs stand off from the pad of sheets
and there is the risk of the paper-clip sliding off.
So-called "butterfly clips" are known for the purpose of clamping
together thicker documents. These butterfly clips are relatively
complicated structures made from steel wire and have two
inter-crossing clamping portions which grip the pad of sheets from
both sides. These clips are expensive, susceptible to corrosion,
and, owing to their sharp ends, tend to damage the documents.
Furthermore, they are extremely disadvantageous when sent by post,
and some of them are no longer permitted to be sent by post.
The object of the invention is to provide a paper-clip which is
suitable for clamping together very thick bundles of sheets. It is
to be simple to manufacture and readily applied and must not damage
the bundles of sheets or other articles which come into contact
with it.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In according with the present invention, this object is achieved in
that the paper-clip is injection moulded in one piece from
resilient plastics material, and comprises an inner clamping
member, outer clamping limbs, a support member and bridge portions,
two clamping portions defining said inner clamping member with a
connecting portion interconnecting said clamping portions at one
end thereof, the clamping portions having a low resistance to
torsion and the connecting portion having a high resistance to
bending, said bridge portions which have a larger cross section
than the clamping portions, extending transversely one from each of
the other adjacent ends of the clamping portions and said outer
clamping limbs extending between the ends of the transverse bridge
portions remote from each other, around said inner clamping member,
the support member extending from the end region of the clamping
portions remote from the transverse bridge portions towards the
transverse bridge portions, the support member together with the
connecting portion forming a unit which is resistant to bending in
its central region and less resistant to bending at its outer
regions and the outer clamping limbs, bridge portion, inner
clamping member and support member all lying substantially in the
same plane when in an unstressed state whereby the inner clamping
member can be displaced from the outer clamping limbs to grip
sheets therebetween.
The paper-clip constructed in accordance with the present invention
may be manufactured in a particularly simple manner in the form of
a part which is injection moulded from plastics material. A
powerful clamping effect is produced between the support member and
the outer clamping limbs when the paper-clip is applied to a pad of
documents. The long transverse bridge portions assume a sloping
position without bending to any substantial degree. The clamping
effect is produced by torsion of the clamping portions and by
combined torsion and bending in the outer clamping limbs. It is
important for the support portions to have support points which are
located relatively near to the transverse bridge portions and thus
hold the pad of documents in the edge region thereof. However, the
support member should be connected to the rest of the clip only in
the region of the connecting portion resistant to bending, so that
the torsion of the clamping portions is not hindered and the
support member does not bend away from the pad of documents. As a
result of these measures, the clip constructed in accordance with
the present invention abuts firmly against both sides of the pad of
documents without standing off from the pad of documents in the
region remote from the edge thereof.
To facilitate the slipping-on of the clip, the support member is of
preferably arrow-shaped configuration in the direction in which the
paper-clip is slipped on. For the same reason, the outer clamping
limbs may converge in a V-shape from the outer ends of the
transverse bridge portions. This construction is also particularly
suitable, spatially, to an arrow-shaped configuration of the
support member, since pressure and counter-pressure are exerted in
adjacent regions on both sides of the pad of documents.
Alternatively, the outer clamping limbs may form a V-shape
semi-circular shape or any other suitable shape to interconnect the
remote ends of the transverse bridge portions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be further described by way of
example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a frontal view of one embodiment of a paper-clip
constructed in accordance with the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a pad of documents with the
paper-clip illustrated in FIG. 1, slipped thereon, as seen in the
direction of the arrow II in FIG. 3,
FIG. 3 is a view seen in the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2,
and
FIG. 4 is a section taken on the line IV--IV in FIG. 2.
DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 shows a paper-clip which is constructed in accordance with
the present invention and which is injection moulded from a
relatively resilient plastics material. The paper-clip 11 is
manufactured in the form of a predominantly closed loop of
substantially triangular configuration. Its dimensions in the
transverse direction are substantially equal to the dimensions
which appear as perpendicular dimensions in FIG. 1.
In detail, the paper-clip 11 has two outer clamping limbs 12, 13
which converge in the center in the form of a V. They meet at a
junction 14 at which the paper-clip has a widened portion. As will
be explained later, this is advantageous in order to ensure
satisfactory joining and coagulation of the plastics material
during injection moulding. The outer clamping limbs 12, 13 have
their smallest width contiguous to the junction 14 and widen from
this point. The ends of the outer clamping limbs remote from the
junction 14 merge into transverse bridge portions 15, 16 which are
of relatively great width. The junction between the outer clamping
limbs 12, 13 and the transverse bridge portions 15, 16 is provided
with outer and inner chamfered portions.
Na inner clamping limb 17 extends at right angles to the transverse
bridge portions 15, 16 in the interior space formed in the
paper-clip 11 between the outer clamping limbs 12, 13 and the
transverse bridge portions 15, 16. The transverse bridge portions
15, 16 are in alignment with each other when in the unstressed
state and are separated by a slot 18 which extends to a relatively
great distance into the inner clamping limb 17 in the center
thereof, so that the inner clamping limb 17 is divided into two
clamping portions 19, 20.
Compared to the other dimensions of the paper-clip, these clamping
portions are relatively thin and non-resistant to torsion. For this
purpose, they have a cross section whose width dimensions are not
substantially greater than the dimensions lying at right angles to
the drawing plane in FIG. 1. In the present embodiment they have a
relatively square cross section. Alternatively, however, they could
have a circular cross-sectional construction.
The ends of the two clamping portions 19, 20 directed towards the
junction converge in a connecting portion 21. The connecting
portion 21 is relatively long in the direction of the clamping limb
17 and is the full width of the two clamping portions, but does not
have the slot 18. It is resistant to bending, so that its shape is
not impaired by the torsional forces acting upon the clamping
portions. A support member is formed on the connecting portion 21
in the lower region thereof and has two arms 22, 23 which extend in
an arrow-shaped or V-shaped configuration towards the junction
between the transverse bridge portions and the outer clamping
limbs. In other words, the support member 22, 23 forms a V which
lies in the same position within the V formed by the outer clamping
limbs 12, 13 but subtends a greater angle. The ends of the arms 22,
23 form support points 24, 25 which, in the illustrated embodiment,
are in the form of circular thickened portions. For the rest, the
arms 22, 23 become somewhat narrower towards the support points.
The support member comprising the two arms 22, 23, which are
interconnected by way of the connecting portion 21 resistant to
bending, forms a relatively stiff, self-contained unit. However, in
the present embodiment, the outer regions of the arms 22, 23 are
somewhat resilient, in order to ensure uniform contact pressure
along the entire length of the arms. For this purpose, in addition
to the slightly converging configuration of the arms, the thickness
of the material of the arms can be reduced somewhat towards the
ends thereof. For the rest, the entire paper-clip may have a
uniform thickness of material and a substantially rectangular cross
section, this being important for the manufacture and particularly
for the configuration of the casting mould.
Advantageously, in a manner known per se, the dead head, i.e. the
injecting of the plastics material into the mould, can be effected
in the region of the connecting portions. Thus, it is located in a
reinforced portion subjected to low material stress, so that no
detrimental effects are caused by irregularities in the material
which are particularly prevalent at this point. The same applies to
the connection point 14 where the material can satisfactorily
coalesce in the widened portion.
FIGS. 2 to 4 show the paper-clip 11 after it has been applied to a
bundle of documents. It will be seen that the bundle of documents
may be very thick relative to the size of the paper-clip 11. Thus,
a bundle of documents comprising more than 100 sheets (about 1 cm)
can be clamped together by, for example, a paper-clip having
dimensions of about 5 cm in both length and width, without the
paper-clip being subjected to inadmissible stresses and without
parts of the clip e.g. points 14 and 21 standing off from the end
regions of the bundle of sheets or tending to slip therefrom. As
may be seen from FIGS. 2 to 4, the outer clamping limbs 12, 13 abut
satisfactorily against the underside of the bundle of sheets. The
outer clamping limbs 12, 13 thus act as combined torsion and
bending springs by virtue of the fact that they endeavor to return
the transverse bridge portions 15, 16 from their oblique position,
shown particularly in FIG. 3, into the position in which all parts
of the paper-clip are located in one plane. The transverse bridge
portions 15, 16 are positioned obliquely across the edge of the
bundle 26 of sheets without bending to any substantial extent.
Thus, as may be seen particularly in FIG. 4, the clamping portions
19, 20 in particular are very greatly torsioned. Thus, it is
essential for the clamping portions 19, 20 to have a low resistance
to torsion, since their torsional length is very small in
comparison to the outer clamping limbs. These portions (19, 20)
form the critical point, and their low-resistance to torsion
enables the clip to be used with a thick bundle of sheets without
breaking. This is remarkable, since one would assume that the
critical point would have to be of particularly strong
construction. However, relatively great resistance to bending
should be maintained transversely of the main plane of the
paper-clip, since otherwise the inner clamping limb could bend so
that it could tend to "spread apart", i.e. to stand off from the
bundle of sheets. The support member does not hinder the torsion,
since it engages the bundle only in the region of the connecting
portion 21. Nevertheless, its support points 24, 25 are located in
the vicinity of the edge 27 of the bundle of sheets (FIG. 2), so
that "spreading apart" is also prevented. By virtue of the bending
resistance of the connecting portion 21, the arms 22, 23 of the
support member remain substantially flat, and the entire length of
the support portion can exert a good clamping effect upon the top
of the bundle of sheets. Owing to the configuration of the support
member, a force is produced which opposes the "spreading apart" of
the clip and which at the same time ensures that the outer clamping
limbs 12, 13 abut satisfactorily against the underside of the
bundle of sheets. The slipping-on of the paper-clip is considerably
facilitated by the special configuration of the illustrated and
described paper-clip in the form of two V-shaped members. When the
paper-clip is applied to the edge 27, i.e. when only the regions of
the junction 14 and the connecting portion 21 engage the bundle of
sheets, spreading-apart occurs which, however, diminishes as the
paper-clip is pushed further onto the bundle of sheets until good
abutment across the entire region is ensured when the paper-clip
has been slipped fully onto the bundle of sheets.
It may be mentioned that the described paper-clip is of fully
symmetrical construction, so that it may be used in both
directions, for example in the position which would result if, in
FIG. 3, the inner clamping limb 17 were located below the bundle of
sheets and the outer clamping limbs 12, 13 were located above the
bundle of sheets. This is impossible in the case of the known
"butterfly clips" for thick bundles of sheets. Once such a clip has
been used on a thick bundle of sheets, a permanent set gap is
formed between the upper and lower clamping limb, so that a thinner
bundle of sheets can no longer be clamped in a satisfactory manner.
This disadvantage is entirely avoided in the present invention
since, on the one hand, such permanent deformation rarely occurs by
virtue of the advantageous configuration and, on the other hand, if
such deformation occurs, the clip could be used in the reverse
direction in which case the clamping effect is then particularly
great. Many modifications of the illustrated and described
embodiment are possible within the scope of the invention. Thus,
for example, the clip could have a U-shaped or semi-circular
configuration, although the illustrated V-shape is particularly
advantageous.
* * * * *