U.S. patent number 3,672,144 [Application Number 05/138,954] was granted by the patent office on 1972-06-27 for break-spinning machine.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky. Invention is credited to Stanislav Didek, Frantisek Pospisil, Zdenek Svec.
United States Patent |
3,672,144 |
Didek , et al. |
June 27, 1972 |
BREAK-SPINNING MACHINE
Abstract
A rotary spinning chamber has a hollow interior accessible
through an open side. A stationary body is located adjacent the
open side and has a portion projecting into the same, this portion
being either cylindrical or frustoconical in outline and having a
transverse surface extending transversely of the axis of rotation
of the spinning chamber and a circumferential surface which
surrounds this axis. A fiber channel is formed in the stationary
body having an upper and a lower boundary surface, an inlet
receiving fibers from a fiber feed means and an outlet provided in
the projecting portion. The outlet is so located in the projecting
portion that the upper and the lower boundary surfaces of the fiber
feed channel respectively intersect the transverse and the
circumferential surface of the projecting portion.
Inventors: |
Didek; Stanislav (Usti Nad
Orlici, CS), Svec; Zdenek (Usti Nad Orlici,
CS), Pospisil; Frantisek (Usti Nad Orlici,
CS) |
Assignee: |
Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky (Usti
Nad Orlici, CS)
|
Family
ID: |
5370609 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/138,954 |
Filed: |
April 30, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
57/413 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D01H
4/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D01H
4/00 (20060101); D01H 4/08 (20060101); D01h
001/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;57/58.89-58.95 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Petrakes; John
Claims
What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters
Patent is:
1. In a break-spinning machine, in combination, a rotary spinning
chamber mounted for rotation about an axis and having a hollow
interior accessible through an open side; fiber feed means feeding
fibers towards said open side for entry into said spinning chamber;
a stationary body adjacent said open side and having a projection
extending into said open side, said projection being bounded by a
transverse surface extending transversely of said axis and by a
lateral circumferential surface surrounding said axis; and a fiber
channel in said stationary body and having an upper and a lower
boundary surface, said channel having an inlet receiving fibers
from said feed means and an outlet provided in said projection with
said upper and lower boundary surfaces respectively intersecting
said transverse and said lateral circumferential surface at said
outlet.
2. In a machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said lateral
circumferential surface is of cylindrical outline.
3. In a machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said lateral
circumferential surface is of frustoconical outline.
4. In a machine as defined in claim 1, said channel further being
bounded by two transversely spaced lateral boundary surfaces, said
lateral circumferential surface comprising a portion which is
curved; and wherein at least one of said lateral boundary surfaces
is planar at least in the region inwardly adjacent said outlet and
merges continuously into said portion of said lateral
circumferential surface.
5. In a machine as defined in claim 1, said channel further being
bounded by two transversely spaced lateral boundary surfaces, and
said lateral circumferential surface comprising a portion which is
inwardly recessed and curved in circumferential direction of said
projection; and wherein at least one of said lateral boundary
surfaces is curved inwardly adjacent said outlet and merges
continuously with said portion of said lateral circumferential
surface.
6. In a machine as defined in claim 1, said channel further being
bounded by two transversely spaced lateral boundary surfaces, said
lateral circumferential surface comprising an inwardly recessed
circumferentially curved portion; and wherein at least one of said
lateral boundary surfaces merges continuously into said
portion.
7. In a machine as defined in claim 6, wherein said one lateral
boundary surface is of variably convex profile over at least part
of its length upstream of said outlet.
8. In a machine as defined in claim 6, wherein said portion of said
lateral circumferential surface and said lower boundary surface of
said channel merge downstream of said outlet and define a groove
which is curved in circumferential direction of said projection and
provided with a variable profile in said circumferential
direction.
9. In a machine as defined in claim 6, said spinning chamber
rotating in a predetermined direction; and wherein said portion
extends in said predetermined direction helically between a center
of said projection and said lateral circumferential surface.
10. In a machine as defined in claim 9, wherein said portion
intersects said lateral circumferential surface under an obtuse
angle.
11. In a machine as defined in claim 9, wherein said portion merges
with said lateral circumferential surface.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to spinning machines, and
more particularly to so-called break-spinning machines. Still more
specifically the invention relates to continuous break-spinning
machines utilizing a rotary spinning chamber.
The construction and operation of rotary spinning chambers in
spinning machines is already well known. Briefly, such rotary
spinning chambers are of substantially cup-shaped configuration and
have a open side and a closed side or transverse wall. They rotate
about an axis intersecting both of these sides and fibrous material
is introduced through the open side, being aspirated by
sub-atmospheric pressure created in the interior of the rotary
spinning chamber due to the expulsion by centrifugal force of air
contained in the spinning chamber. This aspirates the fibers which
become deposited on a fiber deposition or collecting surface
located in the interior of the spinning chamber and surrounding the
axis of rotation thereof, and on this surface the deposited fibers
form a ribbon which becomes twisted and converted into a yarn which
can be continuously withdrawn from the spinning chamber.
It is already known to supply the fibers into the interior of the
spinning chamber via a channel provided in a cover or a body which
extends across and covers the open side of the spinning chamber.
The fiber supply channel is so positioned and arranged that it
discharges into a gap constituted by a stationary disc, known as a
separator, located in the interior of the spinning chamber via a
neck provided in the stationary body and extending within the axis
of rotation of the chamber. The separator is intended to direct the
incoming fibers onto the collecting surface of the chamber, and to
separate the incoming fibers from the yarn which is being formed to
prevent incoming fibers from adhering to the already formed yarn
over the length thereof.
This prior-art construction has the disadvantage that the incoming
fibers-- particularly long-staple fibers--frequency overlap the
separator neck, that is the portion on which the separator is
mounted, causing the production of low-grade yarn and finally
requiring stopping of the spinning device for manual clearing.
Also, the separating frequently causes the incoming fibers to
follow irregular paths causing undesirable interfrictional fiber
contact which also results in lower yarn quality, not to mention
the poor economic effectiveness which results from this.
According to another prior-art construction fibers are provided
through a channel which opens in a projecting portion provided in
the stationary body, with the projecting portion having a
cylindrical circumferential surface adjacent the collecting surface
of the rotary spinning chamber. The outlet of the fiber supply
channel opens in this cylindrical surface and the fibers are then
discharged onto the collecting surface. This construction, however,
is not only quite complicated to manufacture but also it has been
found that the fibers are partially caught adjacent the outlet on
lateral wall portions of the fiber supply channel, and after they
finally become released they are abruptly deposited on the
collecting surface of the rotary spinning chamber. This results in
the formation of fiber agglomerations and causes thread breakages
and nubs in the thread.
According to still another prior-art embodiment the fiber supply
channel is so arranged as to include an acute angle with the
transverse plane--that is the transverse surface extending across
and transversely of the axis of rotation of the rotary spinning
chamber--of a projection provided on the stationary body and
extending into the interior of the spinning chamber through the
open side thereof. The arrangement is such that the outlet of the
fiber supply channel discharges on an imaginary cylindrical surface
below the transverse surface or front plane of the projection. This
arrangement has the disadvantage that, as a result of an unbaffled
air flow caused by the rotation of the rotary spinning chamber, the
fibers have a tendency to become twisted and then to become
deposited on the collecting surface of the rotary spinning chamber
in a disaligned non-parallel condition. This means that the number
of fibers in the cross-section of the fibrous ribbon--and
subsequently of the yarn into which the ribbon is converted--is
less than normally desired and as the ribbon gets thinner, the yarn
gets thinner and the result is a low-grade irregular yarn.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, accordingly, an object of the present invention to overcome
the aforementioned disadvantages.
More particularly it is an object of the present invention to
provide an improved arrangement which avoids these
disadvantages.
A concomitant object of the invention is to provide such an
improved arrangement which effects uniform and regular directing of
the incoming fibers onto the collecting surface of the rotary
spinning chambers so that the fibers will not adhere to the yarn
being formed over the length thereof.
Still another object of the invention is to provide such an
improved arrangement which avoids the development and formation of
fiber agglomerations.
A concomitant object of the invention is to provide such an
arrangement which assures that the fibers will be perfectly aligned
in ribbon form even before they contact the fiber-collecting
surface of the rotary spinning chamber.
In pursuance of the above objects, and of others which will become
apparent hereafter, one feature of the invention resides in a
break-spinning machine, particularly a continuous machine, which
comprises a rotary spinning chamber mounted for rotation about an
axis having a hollow interior accessible through an open side.
Fiber feed means feeds fibers towards the open side for entry into
the spinning chamber. A stationary body is provided adjacent the
open side and has a projection which extends into the latter, this
projection being bounded by a transverse surface extending
transversely of the axis and by a lateral circumferential surface
which surrounds the axis. The fiber channel is provided in the
stationary body and has an upper and a lower boundary surface, an
inlet which receives fibers from the feed means and an outlet which
is provided in the projection. The upper and the lower boundary
surfaces of the fiber supply channel respectively intersect at the
outlet the transverse and the lateral circumferential surface of
the projection.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the
invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims.
The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its
method of operation, together with additional objects and
advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following
description of specific embodiments when read in connection with
the accompanying drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectional view of an apparatus
embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axonometric view showing the discharge of the fiber
supply channel in the projecting portion of the stationary body;
said projection portion being of cylindrical outline;
FIG. 3a is a sectional view showing an intersection of the lower
wall of the feed channel with the curved lateral wall thereof, the
section bein taken on line A--A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 3b is a section analogous to FIG. 3a, but taken on line B--B
of FIG. 2 and showing a different intersection of the lower wall of
the feed channel with the curved lateral wall;
FIG. 4 is a front view showing the channel discharge and the
air-flow direction; provided in the projection portion of
cylindrical outline;
FIG. 4a is a similar view as FIG. 4 showing the channel discharge
provided in the projection portion of frustoconical outline;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the channel discharge, taken on line
C--C of FIG. 4; and
FIG. 5a is a sectional view of the channel discharge, taken on line
C--C of FIG. 4a.
FIG. 6 is a view of the channel discharge in a section taken on
line D--D of FIG. 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
As shown in FIG. 1 of the drawing, a rotary spinning chamber of
known construction is provided and designated with reference
numeral 8. It is fixedly attached to a shaft 10 which is mounted
for rotation in bearings 9, 9' and carries at its free end portion
remote from the rotary spinning chamber 8 a pulley 11 to which
motion is transmitted by a drive belt 12 driven by non-illustrated
drive means whose particular construction is of no importance for
the present invention. The direction of rotation of the shaft 10
and thereby of the spinning chamber 8 is identified by the arrow
S.
A fibrous sliver 1 is supplied in the direction towards the rotary
spinning chamber 8 by a pair of oppositely rotating feed rollers 2,
2' between which the sliver 1 is nipped and advanced. Before
arriving at the spinning chamber 8, the sliver 1 is supplied to a
carding or combing-out roller 4 which separates the sliver 1 into
its constituent fibers 5 and which, together with the feed rollers
2, 2', is received in a recess provided in a stationary body 3. A
feed channel 6 connects the recess housing the carding roller 4
with the interior of the rotary spinning chamber 8, and separated
fibers 5 advance through the channel 6 and become deposited on the
inner circumferential fiber-collecting surface 7 of the rotary
spinning chamber 8. On this surface they become collected and form
a fibrous ribbon which is twisted and converted into a yarn 13, the
latter being withdrawn from the interior of the spinning chamber 8
by means of a pair of oppositely rotating withdrawal rollers 14 and
14' which supply the yarn to the diagrammatically illustrated
pick-up device designated with reference numerals 15 and 15'.
The stationary body 3 is provided with a projection 16 of either
cylindrical (FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5) or frustoconical configuration
(FIGS. 4a and 5a) and which projects through the open side of the
essentially cup-shaped rotary spinning chamber 8 into the interior
of the latter. The feed channel 6 passes through the projection 16
in such a way that the upper boundary wall 17 of the feed channel 6
intersects the projection at the location designated with reference
numeral 18, whereas the lower boundary wall 19 of the channel
intersects the cylindrical or slightly conical lateral
circumferential surface 20 of the projection 16. As the remaining
Figures show, particularly FIGS. 2 and 4, the channel 6 further has
two lateral boundary walls 21 and 23. Of these, the lateral
boundary wall 21 intersects the surface 20 of the projection 16
within the location 22 illustrated in FIGS. 2, whereas the lateral
boundary wall 23 merges continuously with a curved surface portion
24 of the surface 20, which continues smoothly in or intersects the
remainder of the surface 20. FIGS. 3 and 3a show that the
intersecting edge 25 at which the surface 24 and the lower boundary
wall 19 of the feed channel 6 join, merges in an elongated groove
26 of variable profile (compare FIGS. 3 and 3a).
In conventional manner, the carding roller 4 is provided on its
outer circumference with needles or similar projections (not shown
because they are well known) and, as the fibrous sliver 1 is
supplied by the feed rollers 2, 2' to the carding roller 4,
engagement of the needles thereof separates the fibrous sliver into
its individual constituent fibers 5 which are carried along by the
air-flow through the feed channel 6 into the interior of the
spinning chamber 8. It is recalled here that due to the high-speed
rotation of the spinning chamber 6, and as a result of the presence
of the illustrated (see FIG. 1) air-escape apertures in the wall of
the spinning chamber 8, centrifugal force causes air in the
spinning chamber 8 to be ejected through these apertures with
additional air being aspirated through the channel 6 along with the
fibers 5.
The fibers 5 are advanced across the entire cross-section of the
feed channel 6 and as a result of the air-flow acting in the
direction on the arrows V shown in FIG. 4, they are flung against
the curved surface portion 24 and thereon advanced to the
collecting surface 7 of the rotary spinning chamber 8. In this
manner the motion of the fibers 5 is controlled and their
trajectory determined. In view of the fact that the air in the
rotating rotary spinning chamber 8 rotates at a relatively high
speed and offers considerable resistance to the air-flow which is
discharged from the feed channel 6, that is from the outlet thereof
at which it enters the spinning chamber 8, the air curtain which is
thus being formed must be destroyed and overcome to permit entry of
the fibers in the desired manner.
This is successfully achieved according to the present invention,
particularly in the region 22, downstream of which a considerable
acceleration of the air flow in the direction corresponding to that
prevailing in the feed channel 6 is obtained, as evident from the
arrows V in FIG. 4. This also provides sufficient energy for the
transport of the fibers 5 from the channel 6 into the spinning
chamber 8 and onto the collecting surface 7 thereof.
The drawing clearly shows in FIGS. 1-6 that the outlet of the feed
channel 6 discharges in the projection 16 in such a manner that the
upper boundary wall 17 of the feed channel 6 intersects the
projection 16 within the edge 18, whereas the lower boundary wall
19 intersects the surface 20 of the projection 16. Again, the one
lateral boundary wall 21 of the feed channel 6 intersects the
surface 20 within the lateral edge 22, whereas the second lateral
boundary wall 23 of the channel 6 has its end portion at the outlet
curved and merges in streamlined configuration into the curved
surface portion 24 which is provided by recessing the surface 20 of
the projection 16, as is particularly clearly evident from FIG.
2.
The intersecting edge 25 at which the surface portion 24 intersects
the lower boundary wall 19 of the outlet of feed channel 6,
downstream of the outlet, merges in the elongate groove 26 which
flairs in profile in the direction of fiber advancement.
When the fibers 5 enter the groove 26, they become aligned and
carried along to the collecting surface 7 of the spinning chamber
8. On this surface they become deposited in form of a ribbon which
is finally twisted into the yarn 13 and withdrawn by the rollers
14, 14' and supplied to the take-up device 15, 15' to be wound onto
a cross-wound bobbin or the like, which is not illustrated.
It will be appreciated that the belt 12 can be driven by an
electromotor or the like, and that this is well enough known not to
require discussion.
The illustrated exemplary embodiment does not by any means exhaust
other possibilities offered by the invention. The surface portion
24 can have a variable convex profile which can, but need not
necessarily merge in the elongate groove 26. The feed channel 6,
which is illustrated to be of rectangular cross-section, could have
a different cross-sectional configuration. Other modifications will
also offer themselves to those skilled in the art without departing
from the scope and concept of the present invention.
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or
two or more together, may also find a useful application in other
types of constructions differing from the types described
above.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied
in a break-spinning machine, it is not intended to be limited to
the details shown, since various modifications and structural
changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of
the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the
gist of the present invention that others can by applying current
knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without
omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly
constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific
aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptation should
and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of
the equivalence of the following claims.
* * * * *