U.S. patent number 3,662,754 [Application Number 05/034,179] was granted by the patent office on 1972-05-16 for injection apparatus.
Invention is credited to William X. Halloran.
United States Patent |
3,662,754 |
Halloran |
May 16, 1972 |
INJECTION APPARATUS
Abstract
Injection apparatus including a needle formed on one extremity
with a point and connected on its opposite end with coupling means
for coupling to a syringe or the like. A protective sleeve is
telescoped over the one extremity of the needle and has one end of
a pusher connected therewith, such pusher projecting rearwardly
along the needle shank and being connected on its rear extremity
with a finger-grasp handle whereby the sleeve may be telescoped
rearwardly on such extremity of the needle, the point inserted
through the wall of a patient's vein and the needle projected down
such vein. Thereafter, the handle may be pushed to telescope the
sleeve outwardly over the needle point to thereby protect the wall
of the vein from puncture by said point.
Inventors: |
Halloran; William X. (Costa
Mesa, CA) |
Family
ID: |
21874793 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/034,179 |
Filed: |
May 4, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
604/162;
604/272 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
25/0606 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
25/06 (20060101); A61m 005/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/221,214.4,218N,347 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mancene; Louis G.
Assistant Examiner: Weinhold; D. L.
Claims
I claim:
1. Injection apparatus comprising:
a hollow needle formed on one extremity with a point and including
a longitudinal passage formed in the wall thereof;
coupling means connected with the end of said needle opposite said
one extremity;
a protective sleeve telescoped over said one extremity of said
needle; and
a pusher connected on one end with said sleeve and projecting
rearwardly through said passage to form a finger-grasp portion
spaced rearwardly of said one extremity whereby said sleeve may be
retracted on said needle to expose said point, a patient's vein
pierced with said point and said needle inserted down said vein and
said finger-grasp portion grasped and pushed to push said sleeve
outwardly over said point to cover said point and protect the wall
of said vein therefrom while said needle remains in said vein.
2. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said needle is composed of metal; and
said sleeve is composed of plastic.
3. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said needle includes abuttment means for engagement said sleeve to
limit telescoping thereof off said one extremity.
4. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 that includes:
a projection extending transversely of said needle to form a lever
arm to be secured to the patient's body to prevent rotation of said
needle.
5. Injection means as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said coupling means includes a manifold formed with a plurality of
ports for selective connection with various medicinal
containers.
6. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said one extremity is formed with a double taper to define an axial
centrally located point.
7. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 that includes:
a flexible conduit interconnecting said needle and coupling
means.
8. Injection apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein:
said needle is formed on its front extremity with a
reduced-in-cross section portion; and
said sleeve is formed to complement the cross section of said
reduced-in-cross section portion for telescopical receipt
thereover.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to medical injection devices for
injecting medicine into the veins or muscles of a patient.
2. Description of the Prior Art:
Cathetor injection devices have been proposed which include plastic
cathetors telescoped within metal needles for projection out the
end of the needle once such needle has been inserted in a patient's
vein. A device of this type is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,000,380.
However, applicant is unaware of any injection devices which
incorporate a sheath or sleeve telescoped over the needle and
connected with a pusher projecting rearwardly along the needle to a
point adjacent the coupling means whereby the needle may be coupled
with a container of medicine, the point inserted through the wall
of a patient's vein and extended axially down such vein and the
pusher extended to telescope the sleeve into protective position
over the point of the needle to protect the vein wall from
puncture.
An object of the present invention is to provide an injection
device of the type described that may be inserted by nurses and the
like.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an injection
apparatus of the type described that may be simultaneously
connected with a plurality of different medicine containers.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an
injection apparatus of the type described that includes a stop to
prevent the sleeve from coming loose from the pusher and sliding
off the needle to migrate up the vein.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an
injection apparatus of the type described that includes a
transversely projecting portion defining a lever arm for being
bound to the patient's body to prevent rotation of the needle which
may cause the point to puncture the vein wall.
These and other objects and the advantages of the present invention
will become apparent from a consideration of the following detailed
description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an injection apparatus embodying
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the
injection apparatus of present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view, in reduced scale, of the injection
apparatus shown in FIG. 2 inserted in a patient;
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view, in enlarged scale, of the
injection apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical sectional views taken along the lines
5--5 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view, in enlarged scale, taken along
the lines 7--7 of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken longitudinally through a
vein and showing insertion of the injection apparatus shown in FIG.
1;
FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view, in enlarged scale, similar to
FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the lines 10--10
of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a modification of the injection
apparatus shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view, in enlarged scale, taken
along the lines 12--12 of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a side view of a modified needle point for the injection
apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 14 is a side view of a second modification of the needle point
included in the injection apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 15 is a side view of a third modification of the needle point
included in the injection apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 16 is a third embodiment of an injection apparatus of the
present invention; and
FIG. 17 is a fourth embodiment of the injection apparatus of
present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, the injection apparatus of present invention
includes, generally, a pointed needle 31 having a coupling 35 on
its rear extremity for connection with a syringe 37. Referring to
FIGS. 4 and 5, a protective sleeve, generally designated 41, is
telescoped over the pointed end of the needle 31 and has the front
end of a pusher wire 43 connected therewith, the rear extremity of
the pusher wire 43 being connected with a finger-grasp annular
plunger 45. Thus, the sleeve 41 may be drawn back on the needle as
shown in FIG. 5 and the needle pierced through the wall of a
patient's vein 47 (FIG. 8) and extended axially down such vein. The
pusher 45 may then be grasped and pushed axially down the needle 31
to telescope the sleeve 41 outwardly over the end of such needle to
protect the wall of the vein 47 from being pierced thereby.
The needle 31 can be made of any medically accepted material, but
is preferably of a nickel alloy metal which enjoys a reputation for
low infection rate. Referring to FIG. 5, the needle is beveled on
its free extremity to form a bevel point 51 and is carried on its
rear extremity from a rearwardly opening coupling cap 35 which is
removably received on a forwardly projecting nipple formed at the
front extremity of the syringe 37.
Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the needle 31 is formed in its wall
with a longitudinally projecting bore 57 which is open on one side.
The bore 57 extends from the rear of the needle and forwardly to
terminate at an abuttment stop 59 adjacent the point 51 whereby
such abuttment stop will be abutted by the forward extremity of the
push rod 43 to thereby limit forward movement of the sleeve 41 on
the needle 31. The push rod 43 may be made of metal, plastic or any
medically accepted material which will provide sufficient rigidly
when housed in the bore 57 to enable the sleeve 41 to be pushed
forwardly.
Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the push rod 43 includes a plurality
of spaced apart cross bars 61 at its forward extremity, the
opposite extremities of such cross bars 61 being imbedded in the
plastic sleeve 41 to provide secure coupling therewith.
In operation, the injector apparatus shown in FIG. 1 may be
connected with a syringe 37 and the sleeve 41 retracted on the
needle 31 to expose the metallic point 51 as shown in FIG. 5. The
point 51 may then be pierced through the wall of the vein 47 (FIG.
8) and extended axially down such vein. The pusher piston 45 may
then be pushed downwardly to slide the sleeve 41 outwardly over the
tip 51 to protect the wall of the vein from puncture by such tip.
Fluid may then be injected from the syringe 37 and if additional
medicinal fluids are required, such syringe may be disconnected
from the coupling 35 and a conduit from a container of other fluid
medicine connected therewith to commence infusion of such fluid
intraveneously. With the protective sleeve 41 projected over the
point 51 to protect the wall of the constricting vein from the
sharp point 51, such needle may be left in the vein for long
periods of time without danger of puncturing the vein and requiring
additional venipunctures. Further, the sleeve 41 projects over the
bevel of the point 51 to prevent the wall of such vein from
constricting thereagainst to block blood flow therethrough when the
apparatus is used for withdrawal of blood. It is of particular
importance that the needle 31 is made of metal and the sleeve 41 is
of relatively flexible plastic because in many hospitals nurses,
other than surgical nurses, are not permitted under hospital rules
to make intraveneous injections with anything but a metal needle.
With the injection apparatus of present invention many qualified
personnel that could not otherwise give injections under the rules
of many hospitals may do so. Since veins are generally oval in
cross section the needle 31 may be oval in cross section to readily
accomodate the vein shape.
Obviously, the injection apparatus of present invention can be
utilized for injecting fluid medicine in muscles and the sleeve 41
may be projected to cover the point 51 from piercing an artery or
nerve while the medicine is being injected.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 11, a manifold type cathetor injection
device, generally designated 65, is provided with a needle 31 which
is connected on its rear extremity with a manifold assembly,
generally designated 67, by means of elongated flexible conduits 71
and 71', respectively. The flexible conduit 71 is flexible plastic
while the conduit 71' is convoluted flexible metal conduit.
The manefold assembly 67 is formed with three rearwardly projecting
bosses 73, 75 and 79. Referring to FIG. 12, each of such bosses is
formed with an internally tapered connecting bore 83 for receipt of
a connecting nipple of a syringe or connector from a container of
other medicinal fluid. Plugs 85 are provided for the respective
tapered bores 83 whereby bosses 73, 75 or 79 not in use may be
closed.
The manifold cathetor is utilized in a manner similar to the
injection apparatus shown in FIG. 1 except that the entire tube 71
and 71' may be inserted axially in the vein for disposing the
needle tip a substantial distance from the point of puncture.
Further, the manifold 65 may be strapped securely in position by a
strip of Velco 89 to positively prevent rotation of the manifold
cathetor 67 with respect to the vein 47 to thereby prevent the
beveled tip 51 from rotating within such vein and cutting the wall
thereof. Obviously, the Velco strip 89 overcomes the normal
objections to repetitive use of tape on persons sensitive thereto
and may, itself, be reused. One or more tubes 91, 93 and 95 may be
connected with the respective bosses 73, 75 and 79 for selective
introduction of medicinal fluid to be infused intraveneously. This
is of particular importance where a patient may require a number of
intraveneous injections and personnel is unavailable for making the
venipunctures. Once the venipuncture is made, any hospital
personnel may connect the tubes 91, 93 and 95 and control fluid
flow thereto.
The needle point 97 shown in FIG. 13 is formed with a closed point
99 that is conically shaped to form a centrally located tip. A
plurality of longitudinally extending slots 101 are spaced around
the periphery of the needle 97 rearwardly of the point for passage
of medicinal fluid. Thus, the needle 97 will pierce the vein wall
and feed easily down the interior thereof. The tip of the needle
point 99 will be disposed centrally in the vein to avoid direct
contact with the constricting vein fall thereby reducing the
incidence of accidental puncture of the vein wall which results in
blood clotting and requirements for new venipunctures to be
made.
The sleeve 105 shown in FIG. 14 has its extremity cut away on the
top half to form an L-shaped cut-out 107 and is telescoped over the
pointed end of a needle 109. Thus, the wall of the vein will be
protected from the point of the retracted needle 109.
The pointed needle, generally designated 111, shown in FIG. 15 is
similar to that shown in FIG. 13 and is formed with a closed point
and has a plurality of peripherally spaced outlet passages 113 and
115 disposed therearound.
The injection apparatus shown in FIG. 16 includes an injector,
generally designated 117, having a closed rounded end 119 and
formed with a plurality of peripherally located elongated outlet
slots 121. The injector 120 is telescoped in the pointed end of the
sleeve 125 which is beveled to form a point 127. The injector 120
is coupled with a pusher plunger (not shown) by means of a pusher
rod 129 whereby the injector 120 may be retracted in the pointed
sleeve 125 and the sleeve utilized to pierce the wall of a vein and
be extended axially down such vein. Thereafter, the pusher (not
shown) may be pushed to project the injector 120 to the position
shown in FIG. 16 for injection of medicinal fluid or withdrawing
blood from the vein. The wall of the vein will tend to contract
around the sleeve 125 and injector 120 but will be protected from
the point 127 by means of the injector 120, it being realized that
the majority of the inward sloping of the contracting vein wall
will take place over the rounded end 119.
The injector apparatus shown in FIG. 17 includes a metallic needle,
generally designated 131, which is formed on its extremity with a
reduced-in-diameter cross section 133 that defines a shoulder 135
on its rearward end. Telescoped over the reduced-in-diameter
section 133 is a tapered protective sleeve 139 which is coupled
with a pusher (not shown) by means of a pusher rod 141. The sleeve
139 includes an inwardly projecting tab 143 which travels axially
in an axial slot 145 formed in the wall of the needle 131 and
terminating at its forward extremity in a shoulder 147 whereby
telescoping of the sleeve 139 off the end of the needle 131 is
prevented in case the pusher rod 141 breaks. The injection
apparatus shown in FIG. 17 operates substantially the same as that
for the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 except that the tapered
protective sleeve 139 is substantially the same diameter at its
rear extremity as the needle 131.
From the foregoing detailed description it will be apparent that
the injection apparatus of present invention provides convenient
means for making intraveneous injections or injecting medicinal
fluids or withdrawing blood. The protective sleeve protects the
wall of the contracting vein from the point of a beveled needle and
serves to maintain the contracting wall spaced from the bevel of
such needle thereby preventing blocking thereof and preventing
withdrawal of blood. Additionally, the use of a metallic needle
enables nurses and other hospital personnel, less highly qualified
than surgeons and surgical nurses, to perform the venipunctures
thereby enabling the venipuncture to be performed as soon as the
necessity of such is diagnosed to eliminate the necessity of
waiting for arrival of more highly trained persons who may not be
present when the requirement for a venipuncture is first diagnosed.
Further, the manifold arrangement enables injection of a plurality
of different medicinal fluids simultaneously or consecutively
without the necessity of making additional venipunctures.
Various modifications and changes may be made with regard to the
foregoing detailed description without departing from the spirit of
the invention.
* * * * *