U.S. patent number 3,659,063 [Application Number 05/061,633] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-25 for hinge with means for conducting electricity therethrough.
This patent grant is currently assigned to C. Hager & Sons Hinge Manufacturing Company. Invention is credited to Francis C. Peterson.
United States Patent |
3,659,063 |
Peterson |
April 25, 1972 |
HINGE WITH MEANS FOR CONDUCTING ELECTRICITY THERETHROUGH
Abstract
A hinge wherein the leaves are pivotally secured together on a
pin, one of said leaves having electricity conducting means
connected thereto which contacts cooperating electricity conducting
means connected to the other leaf of said hinge to permit the flow
of electricity from one leaf to another when the door is in its
door-closed position.
Inventors: |
Peterson; Francis C. (Affton,
MO) |
Assignee: |
C. Hager & Sons Hinge
Manufacturing Company (St. Louis, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
22037078 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/061,633 |
Filed: |
August 6, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
200/61.7; D8/327;
439/31 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
3/162 (20130101); E05Y 2400/326 (20130101); E05Y
2400/324 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
3/16 (20060101); H01h 003/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;200/61.62-61.84,61.93,61.7 ;340/276 ;339/4 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schaefer; Robert K.
Assistant Examiner: Ginsburg; M.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In a hinge having leaves pivotally secured together on a pin,
the improvement wherein one of said leaves has means connected
thereto adapted to cooperate with means on the other leaf, each of
said means being an electrical conductor, one of said means being
movable through said one leaf and being biased toward said other
leaf, and the other of said other leaves has cooperating means
connected thereto for being contacted by said one of said means
when said leaves are in substantial parallel relation in a
door-closed position, thereby establishing electrical contact
between said leaves and permitting the flow of electricity through
said means in said leaves when said leaves are in their door-closed
position.
2. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein said means biased
toward said other leaf comprises a plunger which normally extends
forwardly of the surface adjacent to said plunger in a direction
toward said other hinge leaf.
3. The improvement set forth in claim 2 wherein said plunger
contacts said means on said other leaf when said hinge is closed,
but does not contact said means in said other leaf when said hinge
is open.
4. The improvement set forth in claim 2 wherein each leaf is
mounted on its respective door and door frame and said plunger is
biased toward said electrical conductor in said other hinge leaf by
a spring and is partially retracted against the compressive force
of said spring by said electrical conductor on said other hinge
leaf when said door is in its door-closed position.
5. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein said means biased
toward said other leaf comprises a pair of plungers, each of which
normally extends forwardly of the surface adjacent to said plungers
in a direction toward said other hinge leaf and wherein each of
said plungers is adapted to contact separate electrical conducting
means connected to said other hinge leaf.
6. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein each conductor
which is connected to each of said hinge leaves is insulated from
said hinge leaf by means of a circumscribing insulator mounted in
each hinge leaf.
7. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said leaves
has an inner surface and an outer surface, and each has an opening
therethrough for receiving an insulating material with an opening
therethrough for receiving each said electrical conductor, said
each electrical conductor being adapted to be connected to an
electrical conduit, said each electrical conductor connected to one
of said leaves having a surface flush with the inner surface of the
leaf to which it is connected, said each electrical conductor
connected to the other of said leaves having a plunger biased at
all times toward said other leaf, said plunger being extended
forwardly of said inner surface of the leaf to which it is
connected and being moved inwardly when contacted by the other
electrical conductor on said other leaf as the leaf of the hinge is
moved to its door-closed position.
8. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein said means on one
leaf extends forwardly of the inner face of said leaf and is
adapted to extend into said means in the other leaf when the leaves
are in their door-closed position.
9. The improvement set forth in claim 8 wherein one of said means
comprises a plunger in one of said leaves mounted rearwardly of the
inner surface of said leaf and is adapted to move at all times in
positions rearwardly of the inner surface.
10. The improvement set forth in claim 1 wherein each leaf is
mounted on its respective door and door frame and is provided with
a washer having a pair of electricity conducting means therein, one
of said washers having a recess therein, the other of said washers
having a portion adapted to extend into said recess when the door
is in its door-closed position.
11. The improvement set forth in claim 10 wherein each washer has a
pair of contacts thereon connected to a pair of connectors, said
connectors having an insulator therebetween.
Description
This invention relates to an improved hinge, and in particular, to
a hinge having means for conducting electricity from one leaf to
the other leaf thereof when the door is closed. Such a hinge may
receive an electrical conduit attached to the wall and/or door
frame, either on the outside or inside thereof, and conducts
electricity from the door hinge to an electrically operated latch
or lock on an unhinged edge of the door. Such a hinge may also be
used in burglar alarm systems.
The security of buildings, industrial plants, and the like has
received increased attention in recent years because of higher
crime rates. In the past, doors have been locked individually by
mechanical means. This requires a person to lock each door
individually with a latch or with a key inserted into a lock, or
both. Such doors are sometimes protected automatically by an
electric alarm system, which sounds an alarm and/or a signal at the
police station or private watching service when opened after the
alarm has been set. Such electrical alarm system is frequently
connected or set automatically when the door is closed and then
locked with a key.
One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide
a hinge having means for conducting electricity therethrough so
that electrical conductors can extend through the walls and doors
of a building and be connected, thereby permitting a plurality of
doors to be locked electrically by activating one switch which
actuates locking means on the individual doors. Another object is
to provide a hinge having two leaves, each of which has electricity
conducting means connected thereto which are in contacting relation
when the door is closed. Another object is to provide means for
conducting electricity from a conduit on or within a wall and/or
frame to a conduit within a door which extends from the hinge to
the latch on an edge of the door other than the edge on which the
hinge is mounted. Still another object is to provide a hinge in
which electricity conducting means are mounted on the leaves so as
to be in contacting relation when the leaves are in their
door-closed position. Another object is to provide a hinge capable
of carrying electricity through the leaves thereof and which can be
used in connection with a burglar alarm system.
These and other objects and advantages will become apparent
hereinafter.
The present invention is embodied in a hinge having leaves
pivotally secured together on a pin wherein each leaf has means for
conducting electricity connected thereto, said means being in
contacting relation and capable of carrying electricity when the
leaves are in their door-closed position. The word door as used
herein includes doors of all sorts, panels, cabinet doors, windows
and the like, wherein one edge is equipped with hinges.
The invention also consists in the parts and in the arrangements
and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification
and wherein like numerals and symbols refer to like parts wherever
they occur:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of two of a
plurality of doors provided with means for locking the door
electrically and showing the conductor means through the walls and
door,
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a hinge embodying the present
invention with the leaves in partially open position,
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the hinge shown in FIG. 2, but with
the leaves in door-closed position,
FIGS. 4 and 5 are horizontal cross-sectional views of the hinge
leaves mounted on a door and frame, respectively, with the sections
taken along the lines 4--4 and 5--5 of FIG. 2,
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the assembled hinge with its
leaves opened 180.degree. to show a view of the electricity
conducting means mounted therein,
FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of hinge leaves
containing a modified form of the invention wherein two plungers on
one hinge leaf cooperates with two contacts on the other hinge
leaf, and
FIGS. 8 and 9 are fragmentary elevational views showing a portion
of the outer or rear surface of each leaf of FIG. 7 with the wire
connectors thereon.
Referring now to the drawings in detail, it will be seen that the
embodiment of the invention which has been illustrated comprises a
hinge H having a leaf D and a leaf F which are adapted to be
secured to a door 1 and a frame 2, respectively.
A typically environment for the hinge H is shown in FIG. 1 wherein
a door 1 is mounted within a frame 2 with a wall portion 3
therearound. The door 1 has upper, middle, and lower hinges H, a
door knob 4, and an electrically operated locking means 5. The door
may also be provided with mechanical locking means, such as a bolt
or latch 6, in addition to the usually retractable means actuated
by rotating the door knob 4. The wall 3 contains electrical
conductors 7 with a switch S therein. Electrical conductors 8
extend from the conductors 7 to the hinge side 9 of the door 1. The
hinge H connects the conductors 8 with conductors 10 extending
through the door 1 from the hinge H to the edge 11 of the door 1
containing the electrical locking means 5. A plurality of doors may
be electrically connected in this manner. If desired, all of the
doors of a building may be so connected, so that the activation of
a single switch S completes the circuit and electrically locks each
electrically operated locking means 5 on each door 1.
The hinge H has two leaves D and F, which are provided with
cooperating knuckles 12 through which a hinge pin 13 extends. The
hinge H may be of any suitable type, may have any number of
knuckles 12 as desired, and may be provided with additional
features, such as bearings,, if so desired. The present invention
may be used on any of the hinges wherein two leaves D and F are
pivotally mounted on a hinge pin 13 and which leaves are in
relatively close substantially parallel position when the door is
closed. The leaf F is adapted to be connected to the frame 2 and
the leaf D to the door 1, but if desired, the leaf F can be
connected to the door 1 and the leaf D to the frame 2.
The leaf F has an outer surface 14 adjacent to the frame 2 and an
inner surface 15 which is visible to a viewer than the leaf F is
mounted to the frame 2, such as by screws which fit through the
holes 17. The leaf F has a top edge 1, an outer edge 19 which is
usually parallel to the hinged edge and the hinge pin 13, and a
lower edge 20. The leaf F is provided with an opening 21, which is
larger at the inner surface 15 than at the outer surface 14. A
plastic washer 22 is mounted within said opening 21. The plastic
washer 22 has an inner flange 23 thereon whose base is flush with
the inner surface 15 of the leaf F. The washer 22 has a head 24
thereon. A ground wire 8 can be connected between said head 24 and
the outer surface 14 of leaf F. A plunger assembly 26 is suitably
mounted within the plastic washer 22 and contains a plunger 27
having a plunger head 28 and retaining means 29 which slides on the
inner walls 30 of the plunger assembly casing 31. A spring 32 is
mounted within the assembly 26 so as to bias the plunger 27
forwardly of the inner surface 15 at all times. A set screw 33 is
provided in the rear of the assembly 26 for adjusting the force
needed to contract the plunger 27. The other electrical conductor 8
is secured between the plastic washer 22 and a nut 24. The plunger
27 is mounted on the leaf F in a position so that it contacts a
contact on the leaf D when the hinge is in its door-closed
position.
The leaf D has an outer surface 14 adjacent to the door 1 and an
inner surface 15 which is visible to a viewer when the leaf F is
mounted to the door 1, such as by screws which fit through the
holes 17. The leaf D has a top edge 18, an outer edge 19 which is
usually parallel to the hinged edge and the hinge pin 13, and a
lower edge 20. The leaf D is provided with an opening 21 which is
larger at the inner surface 15 than at the outer surface 14. A
plastic washer 35 is mounted within said opening 21. The plastic
washer 35 has an inner flange 36 thereon whose base 37 is flush
with the inner surface 15 of the leaf D. The washer 35 has a head
38 thereon which is adapted to secure a ground wire 10 between said
head 38 and the outer surface 14 of leaf D. A rivet 39 made from an
electricity conducting material is suitably mounted within the
plastic washer 35 and contains a flat surface 40 which is flush
with the inner surface 15 of the leaf D and which receives the
plunger 27 in contacting relation. The rivet 39 has a head 41. An
electrical conductor 10 is secured between the rivet head 41 and
the plastic washer head 38. The plunger 27 is mounted on the leaf F
in a position so that it contacts the rivet surface 40 on the leaf
D when the hinge H is in its door-closed position.
A modified form of the invention is shown in FIGS. 7-9, wherein
each leaf D-1 and F-1 has a pair of electricity conducting means
connected thereto instead of the one electricity conducting means
shown in the form previously described (FIGS. 1-6). The modified
form (FIGS. 7-9) is connected to wiring or circuits in a manner
similar to the previous form. As in the previous form, either the
door leaf or the frame leaf may contain the plunger or movable
contact. With hollow metal doors, it may be desirable to have the
two movable plunger form connected to the leaf mounted on the door
rather than to the leaf mounted on the frame.
The leaf F-1 (FIG. 7) has an outer surface 14 adjacent to the frame
2 and an inner surface 15 which is visible to a viewer when the
leaf F-1 is mounted on the frame 2 in the usual manner, such as
shown in FIG. 7. The leaf F-1 has a top edge, an outer edge, and a
lower edge, as in the previous form of the invention (FIG. 5). The
leaf F-1 is provided with an opening 42, which is larger at the
inner surface 15 than at the outer surface 14. A plastic washer 43
is mounted within said opening 42 and extends forwardly of said
inner surface 15 a predetermined distance K. The washer 43 has
threads 44 thereon for receiving a nut 45. The washer 43 has a
sloping surface 46 extending rearwardly from the opening 42.
Tightening the nut 45 secures the washer 43 in the leaf F-1
securely. The washer 43 contains two openings which each receive a
rod 48 having a collar 49 and contact 50 thereon. The outer portion
of the rod 48 has a groove 51 therein on which a wire connector 52
can be crimped. The washer 43 contains an insulated separator 53
for separating the wire connectors 52. Individual wires 8 are
soldered to the wire connectors 52 to electrically connect the leaf
F-1 with the source of electricity.
The leaf D-1 (FIG. 7) has an outer surface 14 adjacent to the door
1 and an inner surface 15 which is visible to a viewer when the
leaf D-1 is mounted on the door 1 in the usual manner, such as
shown in FIG. 7. The leaf D-1 has a top edge, an outer edge, and a
lower edge, as in the previous form of the invention (FIG. 4). The
leaf D-1 is provided with an opening, which is larger at the inner
surface 15 than at the outer surface 14. A plastic washer 54 is
mounted within said opening and has a recess 55 therein for
receiving the forward portion of the washer 43 mounted on the leaf
F-1. The washer 54 has threads 44 thereon for receiving a nut 45.
The washer 54 has a sloping surface 46 extending rearwardly from
the opening. Tightening the nut 45 secures the washer 54 in the
leaf D-1 securely. The washer 54 contains two openings 56 which
each receive a plunger 57 having a plunger head 58 and contact 59
thereon. Springs 60 are positioned in the openings 56 in
circumscribing relation to the plunger 57 for biasing the plunger
heads 58 rightwardly as shown or toward said other leaf F-1. The
outer portion of each plunger 57 has a groove 51 therein on which a
wire connector 52 can be crimped. The washer 54 contains an
insulated separator 53 for separating the wire connectors 52.
Individual wires 10 are soldered to the wire connectors 52 to
electrically connect the leaf D-1 with the electric lock 5.
The washer 43 in the leaf F-1 extends inwardly sufficiently far so
that in the door-closed position it is received within the recess
55 in the leaf D-1. This is frequently called a safety stud hinge
in the trade, since it prevents the door 1 from being removed from
the frame should the hinge pin 13 be taken out when the door 1 is
in closed position. That is, the door is safe from being removed by
removing the hinge pins and taking the door off the hinges to gain
entry. A washer 43 from one leaf fitting within the opening of the
other leaf prevents one leaf from being moved laterally with
respect to the other leaf.
* * * * *