U.S. patent number 3,655,225 [Application Number 05/049,649] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-11 for hot test connector for internal combustion engines.
Invention is credited to Harry Major.
United States Patent |
3,655,225 |
Major |
April 11, 1972 |
HOT TEST CONNECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Abstract
A Hot Test Connector for Internal Combustion Engines to prevent
inadvertent blow-off and thus danger to workers in the area in the
form of an external retention ring which is mechanically locked
onto a connector neck of the engine against any pressure blow-off
by a manual locking motion which also provides a seal internally of
the connector neck for a water tube which carries water to the
engine. The device includes one embodiment for a constant pressure
lock which adapts to certain connector necks and a modification for
a dimensionally controlled lock for other connectors.
Inventors: |
Major; Harry (Warren, MI) |
Family
ID: |
21960940 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/049,649 |
Filed: |
June 25, 1970 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
285/311; 285/338;
285/316 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16L
37/05 (20130101); F16L 37/23 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F16L
37/23 (20060101); F16L 37/00 (20060101); F16L
37/05 (20060101); F16l 037/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;285/316,314,315,308,311,312,326,277,338,8 ;73/116,118 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Queisser; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Smollar; Marvin
Claims
I claim:
1. A quick release hot test connector for internal combustion
engines utilizing a hose connector neck having an external
retention flange thereon which comprises: a conduit or a liquid
with one end adapted to be generally axially received within the
connector neck from the flange end thereof, retainer means carried
on the exterior of said conduit adjacent said one end of said
conduit, a ring of a resilient sealing material received on the
exterior of said conduit and adapted to bear on said retainer
means, said ring of resilient material being adapted in its natural
state to be generally axially slidably received within the
connector neck without providing a seal therewith from the flange
end thereof when said conduit is received within the connector
neck, a locking means carried by said conduit and moveable to a
first position to overlie the connector neck on the outside thereof
to engage with the flange thereof to restrain generally axial
movement of said conduit with respect to the neck in at least one
direction and to a second position to disengage and clear the
flange of the connector neck so that said conduit can be removed
generally axially from the neck, a first means carried by said
conduit for relative generally axial movement thereon with respect
to said retainer means to a first position to urge said ring of
resilient material against said retainer means and expand said ring
generally radially outward into sealing engagement with an interior
surface of the connector neck when said one end of said conduit is
received in the connector neck and to a second position axially
spaced from said first position to allow said ring of resilient
material to radially contract to its normal position, and second
means operably connected to said locking means and said first means
and having a single actuator quickly movable to a first position to
shift said locking means and said first means to their respective
first positions to to retain said conduit within the neck and
provide a seal between the interior of the connector neck and said
conduit and quickly moveable to a second position to shift said
locking means and said first means to their respective second
positions to release said conduit from the connector neck and to
disengage the seal from the interior of the connector neck.
2. The hot test connector for internal combustion engines as
defined in claim 1 in which said second means comprises bias means
yieldably urging said first and locking means into their respective
first positions.
3. The hot test connector for internal combustion engines as
defined in claim 1 in which said first means comprises a collar
mounted on said conduit for generally sliding movement to first and
second axially spaced positions thereon, said collar having a
portion adapted to bear on said ring of resilient sealing material
to radially expand said ring of resilient material into sealing
engagement with an interior surface of the connector neck when said
collar is in said first position.
4. The quick release hot test connector for internal combustion
engines as defined in claim 1 in which said locking means comprises
at least two retainer balls and also an actuator ring mounted on
said conduit for movement to first and second axially spaced
positions, said actuator ring having a generally axially extending
flange with a cam surface thereon to move said balls generally
radially inward into abutment with the flange of the connector neck
when said actuator ring is moved to said first position.
5. The hot test connector for internal combustion engines as
defined in claim 4 in which said axially extending flange of said
actuator ring has a cylindrical inner surface which rides over said
balls to retain them in fixed dimensional position when said
retainer ring is in said first position.
6. The hot test connector for internal combustion engines as
defined in claim 5 in which said first means comprises a collar
received within said axial flange of said actuator ring and mounted
on said conduit for generally sliding movement to first and second
axially spaced positions thereon, said collar having a portion
adapted to bear on said ring of resilient sealing material to
radially expand said ring of resilient material into sealing
engagement with an interior surface of the connector neck when said
collar is in said first position.
7. The hot test connector for internal combustion engines as
defined in claim 6, in which said second means comprises a lever
pivotally carried by said conduit and having cam means thereon
bearing on said actuator ring to shift said actuator ring and said
collar to said first and second positions thereof in response to
movement of said lever to first and second pivotal positions, and
bias means interposed between said actuator ring and said collar to
yieldably urge said actuator ring into engagement with said cam
means of said lever.
8. The hot test connector for an internal combustion engine as
defined in claim 7 in which said second means comprises bias means
interposed between said cam means of said lever and said actuator
ring and yieldably urging said locking means and said first means
into their respective first positions.
9. A quick release hot test connector for internal combustion
engines utilizing a hose connector neck having an external
retention flange thereon which comprises: a retention ring having a
body portion to face the flange end of a connector neck and an
axial projection portion to overlie the flange end of the neck,
said axial projection portion having recesses to receive at least
two retainer balls, means outside said retention ring to move said
balls inwardly to lock against said connector neck behind said
flange, sealing means positionable inside said connector neck and
generally radially expansible to seal peripherally in said
connector neck, means to move said last two means into locking and
sealing position comprising a tube passing through said retention
ring and into said connector neck to introduce a liquid into said
connector neck with said sealing means carried by said tube on the
outside thereof and receivable in said connector neck, retainer
means adapted to bear on said sealing means, and a lever pivoted on
said tube and movable from a release position to a locking
position, said lever bearing against said means outside said
retention ring to shift said means outside said retention ring
axially toward said retention ring when said lever is moved to said
locking position, said means outside said retention ring comprising
an actuator ring portion surrounding said tube and having an
axially extending portion adapted to overlie said balls in a
locking position and having a cam surface to actuate said balls
toward the outer surface of said tube, and a resilient means
interposed between said lever and said actuator ring wherein full
motion can be attained from said lever when moved to said locking
position to provide relative motion between said retention ring and
said retainer means to generally radially expand said sealing means
and seal it against the inside of said connector neck and the
outside of said tube, while maintaining a locking pressure on said
walls.
Description
This invention relates to a Hot Test Connector for Internal
Combustion Engines and more particularly is directed to a means for
providing a mechanical connection and a hydraulic connection with
an internal combustion engine to permit testing of an engine prior
to final assembly.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the production of automotive vehicles, is is common to test out
internal combustion engines by running them on a production line
for certain times and at certain speeds to make sure that all
components are in working order. This is done prior to the
connection of the engine to a radiator and accordingly a coolant
must be circulated through the engine to prevent damage
thereto.
This coolant is circulated by water hoses which are temporarily
connected to the inlet and outlet of the water cooling system of
the engine. In the past it has been common to lock the water hose
connection onto a connector neck of the engine by screwing a
threaded shaft down on to the neck manually.
Means was then provided for sealing a pipe within the connector so
that water could be turned on. This system has frequently resulted
in unintentional and unexpected pressure blow-offs of the
connection because the screw connector was not fastened down
properly with sufficient tension or it was mislocated so that it
did not lock on the connector. Any unintentional release of this
connection during the test causes a dangerous condition because of
the hot water that may scald workers in the area. In addition,
there may be water damage to other parts in the vicinity.
The present invention contemplates a combined connector which
assures an adequate mechanical connection with the connector neck
which is fastened to the engine and which also, at the same time,
provides an internal seal for the water pipe. The device is so
arranged that one motion of a manually operated level will
accomplish both sealing and locking functions, thus saving the time
of an operator and assuring a proper lock at all times.
Since the connector neck device sometimes differ in shape or in
manufacturing tolerances, there are occasions when a modified
construction to be shown is most advantageous to permit a proper
pressure by mechanical lock which will adjust itself to varying
dimensions, there being a compensator in the actuation motion to
permit a suitable locking and sealing to take place.
It is thus an object of the invention to provide a quick and
positive mechanical connector which is merged with an internal seal
actuator in such a manner that both parts are simultaneously
actuated to provide a safe engagement.
Other objects and features of the invention relating to details of
construction and operation will be apparent in the following
description and claims.
Drawings accompany the disclosure and the various views thereof may
be briefly described as:
FIG. 1, a side elevation of a hose connector and lock in assembled
position.
FIG. 2, a sectional view of the device as shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3, a view of the device shown in FIG. 1 in released
position.
FIG. 4, a modified construction for adaptation to varying dimension
hose connectors.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a hot water hose connector neck 10 is
illustrated, this being a part which is fastened on an engine
indicated generally at 12 and which serves in the final assembly as
a hose connector for the radiator system of the engine. This
connector neck has a small flange 14 at the outer end raised
slightly from the surface 16 of the connector neck to facilitate
the retention of the final radiator hose. This flange also will
serve as a part of a mechanical lock for the system to be
described.
The connector assembly includes a body portion 18 which faces the
end of the connector neck 10 and this body portion has an axial
projecting portion 20 which can be in the form of an annular skirt
which is provided with retaining openings 22 for lock balls 24. It
will be noted that the axial projecting portion 20 has a radial
thickness dimension which is smaller than the diameter of the lock
balls 24. The opening 22 are formed at one end to have an inner
diameter slightly less than the diameter of the balls and are
staked at the other end sufficiently to retain the balls while
permitting the necessary radial motion.
The body portion 18 is centrally apertured to receive a pipe 30
which projects fore and aft of the body portion, the fore portion
carrying a resilient ring 32 held against dislodgment by a threaded
ring 34 on the end of the pipe. The aft portion of the pipe 30
carries a spring 36 which seats at its forward end in an annular
recess 38 of the body portion 18 and at its aft portion in an
annular recess 40 in an actuator ring 42 which is also supported on
the pipe 30.
The actuator ring 42 has a forwardly extending flange 44 which
overlies the body portion 18 and is movable over the balls 24 as
will be described. An actuator lever 50 is pivoted at 52 on the
pipe 30, this level having a seat portion 54 which bears against
the rear surface of the retainer ring 42 in the position shown in
FIG. 2 and which has a lock surface 56 which bears against the rear
surface of retaining ring 42 in the position shown in FIG. 3.
It will be noted that the position of the surface 56 in FIG. 3
places most of its surface below the pivot axis 52 but a portion
also above and the same is true of the surface portion 54 when in
the lock position shown in FIG. 2. In shifting the lever, the
corner 57 will act as a cam against the ring 42 to move it forward
to a locking position. In the non-locking position or the locking
position, the overcenter condition will stabilize the lever.
Referring to FIG. 3, it will be seen that the device is being moved
on to the connector neck 10 in the release position shown. The
balls 24 are free to move out in the projecting portion 20 so that
they will override the retaining flange 14.
When the body portion 18 is slipped on the pipe to the point that
it contacts the end of the connector neck, it will be seen that the
resilient ring 32 is inserted inside the connector neck. At this
point, the lever 50 can be moved from the position shown in FIG. 3
to compress the spring 36 and move the actuator ring 42 so that the
flange portion 44 rides over the balls 24 to move them radially
inward toward the outer surface of the connector ring to lie
generally against this surface, thus positioning them inward of the
outward diameter of the flange 14. The leading edge of the flange
44 has a tapered portion 58 which rides over the balls and cams
them inwardly.
At the same time that the lever is moving the actuating ring 42
forward, it is also pulling back on the resilient ring 32 by reason
of the ring 34 so that the ring 32 is expanded to connect with the
inner diameter of the connector neck 10 as well as to compress on
to the pipe 30. Thus, the pipe 30 is sealed with respect to the
connector neck. When the lever 50 is moved to the position shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2, the spring 36 exerting pressure against it along the
surface 54 which extends above and below the pivot point 52 will
prevent release of the assembly until manual actuation of the lever
to the release position so there is accordingly a positive
mechanical lock of the assembly on the connector neck at the same
time that a hydraulic seal is accomplished with the neck. It is to
be noted also that the actuation of the lever requires a pressure
on the entire assembly tending to move it on and hold it on the
connector. Thus, because of the spring resistance to the lever
motion, a seating pressure is inevitably applied to the assembly to
insure the proper seating of the lock ball behind the flange
14.
It will be noted, as illustrated in FIG. 2, that the balls 24 are
riding on the cylindrical surface inside the flange 44 having moved
from the cam surface 58 to the inner cylindrical surface 60. Thus,
the balls are positively locked against displacement until the
flange 44 is retracted. This can be accomplished when the
dimensions of the connector neck are maintained within certain
limits.
In FIG. 4, a modified construction is shown wherein a connector
neck 70 has a shallow flange 72 at its outer end; but in this
particular construction, it may be that the manufacturing
tolerances are such, due to the method of manufacture such as
casting, that the neck 70 is not consistent in its dimension and
the flange 72 is relatively shallow in its projection from the
surface of the connector neck 70.
In this system, essentially the same parts are used in the form of
the body 18 having the projecting retention skirt 20 and the balls
24 together with the resilient ring 32 and the retention ring 34.
The spring 36 backs up against an actuator 74 which has a slightly
different configuration in that the extending flange 76 is thicker
and the tapered surface or cam surface 78 has a greater radial and
axial length. Behind the ring 74 is a compressible ring of
resilient material 80 backed by a metal retaining plate 82, the
lever 50 having the same configuration as previously described. In
this case, the pivotal point 84 is spaced rearwardly from the
location in the previous embodiment.
With the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the actuation of the lever 50
exerting pressure against plate 82 will move the retaining ring 74
forward to cam the balls 24 inwardly against the outer surface of
the connector neck 70; but in this case the balls never leave the
cam surface 78. At the same time, of course, the resilient ring 32
is expanded outwardly to provide the necessary seal between the
interior of the connector neck 70 and the exterior of the pipe 30
and the resilient ring 80 permits the necessary overtravel for the
lever 50 while maintaining the pressure on the balls 24. Thus,
again there is a positive lock against the connector neck with a
satisfactory motion to obtain the water seal without undue strain
on the metallic parts, but the device is adaptable to varying
dimensions without adjustment for each installation.
In each embodiment, the parts are dimensioned so that the rear wall
of body portion 18 is essentially in contact with actuator ring 42
or 74 so the parts are positively engaged to limit the motion of
the actuating flange relative to the balls.
The device is so designed that the seal rings within the connector
necks 10 and 70 are aligned for relatively straight in and out
movement and cocking of the assembly on the connector necks is
eliminated. As a consequence, the seal rings have a much longer
life.
* * * * *