U.S. patent number 3,654,960 [Application Number 04/889,524] was granted by the patent office on 1972-04-11 for modular hydraulic system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Hydro-Stack Mfg. Corp.. Invention is credited to Henry E. Kiernan.
United States Patent |
3,654,960 |
Kiernan |
April 11, 1972 |
MODULAR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Abstract
A modular hydraulic system is provided. Each of the components
of the system is contained in a generally rectangular housing unit
formed of a plurality of opposed pairs of walls including end
walls, front and rear walls, and top and bottom walls. At least one
passageway extends into each unit between the component and at
least one of the walls of that unit. One of the walls of each
opposed pair is adapted to be coupled to the other wall of the
corresponding pair of another unit of the system with the walls in
surface-to-surface contact and the passageways terminating on the
abutting walls in aligned registry. The units are coupled to one
another by means of a plurality of fasteners with each fastener
passing partially through each of the housings to be coupled.
Inventors: |
Kiernan; Henry E. (Huntington
Station, NY) |
Assignee: |
Hydro-Stack Mfg. Corp.
(Huntington, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25395281 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/889,524 |
Filed: |
December 31, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
137/884;
137/271 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F15B
13/0896 (20130101); F15B 13/0857 (20130101); F15B
13/0875 (20130101); F15B 13/0817 (20130101); F15B
13/0825 (20130101); Y10T 137/5283 (20150401); Y10T
137/87885 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
F15B
13/00 (20060101); F17d 001/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;137/608,270,271 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Scott; Samuel
Claims
Having thus described my invention, what is claimed is:
1. A hydraulic system adapted to be essentially free of outside
piping and comprising a plurality of modular units adapted to be
modulated horizontally and vertically having associated therewith
hydraulic control component parts, each said unit is substantially
rectangular having opposed end wall surfaces, top and bottom wall
surfaces and front and rear surfaces, at least one passageway
extending through each of said units communicating with the
associated component part and terminating on at least one surface
of the unit, a pair of opposed surfaces of each said unit wherein
each surface of said opposed pair is adapted to be coupled to the
opposite surface of the corresponding pair of opposed surfaces of
another unit with adjacent units in surface-to-surface contact and
the passageways terminating on abutting surfaces of adjacent units
in aligned registry, said modular units including at least a first
manifold unit and a second manifold unit, said manifold units being
horizontally disposed and coupled to one another in end-to-end
relationship, each of said manifold units having a first passageway
extending between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a
third passageway connected to said first passageway center portion
and terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a
fourth passageway connected to said second passageway center
portion and terminating on said top surface, and means for coupling
adjacent units to one another including screw means extending
partially through each of the adjacent units, said screw means
including a one piece cap screw, said screw including a head end,
an integral enlarged cap portion extending downwardly from said
head end, a threaded portion extending integrally downwardly from
said cap, a socket recess extending into said cap from said head
end, and a threaded bore disposed within said cap below said
socket, the threads of said bore being adapted to engage the
threaded portion of another similar screw whereby tightening of
said first screw will cause tightening to be imparted to said
similar screw.
2. The invention in accordance with claim 1 further comprising
electrical servicing means coupled to each of said manifold
units.
3. The invention in accordance with claim 1 wherein said system
further comprises a unit containing a direction control valve
coupled to at least one of said manifold units, said direction
control unit including two passageways extending from the bottom
surface of the unit into the unit interior in operative contact
with the inlet of the direction control valve, said two passageways
being in aligned registry with the third and fourth manifold
passageways, two additional passageways in operative contact with
the outlet of the direction control valve terminating on the top
surface of said direction control unit, and a service unit mounted
above said directional control valve unit, said service unit having
vertical passageways in aligned registry with said direction
control unit terminals, said service unit passageways communicating
with a service device within said service unit; wherein one of said
direction control unit top and bottom surfaces includes gasket
receiving means and is adapted to be sealed by the opposite surface
of another unit.
4. The invention in accordance with claim 1 further comprising
gasket receiving means disposed upon one surface of each said
opposed pairs, gasket means positioned within the aforementioned
receiving means, and wherein the other surface of each said opposed
pair is adapted to cooperate with said gasket means to form a seal
between adjacent units.
5. The invention in accordance with claim 4 wherein said gasket
receiving means of each said one surface comprises a recessed
channel disposed about the terminal of each of the passageways
terminating on that surface and said gasket means comprises an "O"
ring seated within each said recess.
6. A hydraulic system adapted to be essentially free of outside
piping and comprising a plurality of modular units adapted to be
modulated horizontally and vertically having associated therewith
hydraulic control component parts, each said unit is substantially
rectangular having opposed end wall surfaces, top and bottom wall
surfaces and front and rear surfaces, at least one passageway
extending through each of said units communicating with the
associated component part and terminating on at least one surface
of the unit, a pair of opposed surfaces of each said unit wherein
each surface of said opposed pair is adapted to be coupled to the
opposite surface of the corresponding pair of opposed surfaces of
another unit with adjacent units in surface-to-surface contact and
the passageways terminating on abutting surfaces of adjacent units
in aligned registry, said modular units including at least a first
manifold unit and a second manifold unit, said manifold units being
horizontally disposed and coupled to one another in end-to-end
relationship, each of said manifold units having a first passageway
extending between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a
third passageway connected to said first passageway center portion
and terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a
fourth passageway connected to said second passageway center
portion and terminating on said top surface, and means for coupling
adjacent units to one another including screw means extending
partially through each of the adjacent units, said system further
comprising a unit containing a direction control valve coupled to
at least one of said manifold units, said direction control unit
including two passageways extending from the bottom surface of the
unit into the unit interior in operative contact with the inlet of
the direction control valve, said two passageways being in aligned
registry with the third and fourth manifold passageways, two
additional passageways in operative contact with the outlet of the
direction control valve terminating on the top surface of said
direction control unit, and a service unit mounted above said
directional control valve unit, said service unit having vertical
passageways in aligned registry with said direction control unit
terminals, said service unit passageways communicating with a
service device within said service unit, wherein one of said
direction control unit top and bottom surfaces includes gasket
receiving means and is adapted to be sealed by the opposite surface
of another unit, said directional valve unit and said service unit
including a plurality of bores passing therethrough from said unit
top to bottom surfaces, the bores of said directional valve unit
and service unit being in aligned registry; a counterbored portion
of each said bore extending downwardly from said unit top surfaces,
an equal plurality of threaded bores extending downwardly from said
manifold unit top surface in aligned registry with said directional
valve unit and said service unit bores, and said coupling means
includes a cap bolt extending downwardly through each said service
unit bores and each said directional valve unit bores, each said
bolt having an enlarged cap portion adapted to seat on top of said
counterbored portion and a threaded portion adapted to extend
beyond said unit bottom surface whereby the bolts extending through
said service unit extend beyond the bottom surface of said service
unit to extend into each directional control valve unit and the
bolts extending through said directional control valve unit extend
directional valve unit bottom, surface to engage said manifold unit
threaded bore, said cap screws each include a head end, an enlarged
cap portion extending downwardly from said head end, a threaded
portion extending downwardly from said cap, a socket recess
extending into said cap from said head end, and a threaded bore
disposed within said cap below said socket, the threads of said
bore being adapted to engage the threaded portion of another
similar screw.
7. The invention in accordance with claim 6 wherein said cap screw
includes a head end, an enlarged cap portion extending downwardly
from said head end, a threaded portion extending downwardly from
said cap, a socket recess extending into said cap from said head
end, and a threaded bore disposed within said cap below said
socket, the threads of said bore being adapted to engage the
threaded portion of another similar screw.
8. A hydraulic system adapted to be essentially free of outside
piping and comprising a plurality of modular units adapted to be
modulated horizontally and vertically having associated therewith
hydraulic control component parts, each said unit is substantially
rectangular having opposed end wall surfaces, top and bottom wall
surfaces and front and rear surfaces, at least one passageway
extending through each of said units communicating with the
associated component part and terminating on at least one surface
of the unit, a pair of opposed surfaces of each said unit wherein
each surface of said opposed pair is adapted to be coupled to the
opposite surface of the corresponding pair of opposed surfaces of
another unit with adjacent units in surface-to-surface contact and
the passageways terminating on abutting surfaces of adjacent units
in aligned registry, said modular units including at least a first
manifold unit and a second manifold unit, said manifold units being
horizontally disposed and coupled to one another in end-to-end
relationship, each of said manifold units having a first passageway
extending between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a
third passageway connected to said first passageway center portion
and terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a
fourth passageway connected to said second passageway center
portion and terminating on said top surface, and means for coupling
adjacent units to one another including screw means extending
partially through each of the adjacent units, each of said manifold
units further including a cavity extending inwardly from said
manifold unit front surface and a cavity extending inwardly from
said unit rear surface, said cavities each being spaced from said
end walls whereby to define rear surfaces for said end walls and to
provide access to said end wall rear surfaces, said coupling means
include screw means, a tapped bore extending through one end wall
to said end wall rear adapted to engage said screw means and an
opening in the other end wall to the rear surface of said other end
wall adapted to allow said screw means to pass through to engage
the tapped bore of the other end wall of another similar unit, said
end wall openings and tapped bores being in aligned registry.
9. A hydraulic system adapted to be essentially free of outside
piping and comprising a plurality of modular units adapted to be
modulated horizontally and vertically having associated therewith
hydraulic control component parts, each said unit is substantially
rectangular having opposed end wall surfaces, top and bottom wall
surfaces and front and rear surfaces, at least one passageway
extending through each of said units communicating with the
associated component part and terminating on at least one surface
of the unit, a pair of opposed surfaces of each said unit wherein
each surface of said opposed pair is adapted to be coupled to the
opposite surface of the corresponding pair of opposed surfaces of
another unit with adjacent units in surface-to-surface contact and
the passageways terminating on abutting surfaces of adjacent units
in aligned registry, said modular units including at least a first
manifold unit and a second manifold unit, said manifold units being
horizontally disposed and coupled to one another in end-to-end
relationship, each of said manifold units having a first passageway
extending between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a
third passageway connected to said first passageway center portion
and terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a
fourth passageway connected to said second passageway center
portion and terminating on said top surface, and means for coupling
adjacent units to one another including screw means extending
partially through each of the adjacent units, said coupling means
comprising a bore extending inwardly from the coupling surface of
each unit to be coupled transverse to said surface, an elongated
pin having a first portion adapted to extend into the bore of a
first unit to be coupled and a second portion adapted to extend
into a similar bore on another unit, a tapered longitudinal slot on
said pin extending between said first and second portions, a screw
hole disposed within each said unit transverse to said unit bore
and terminating on a surface perpendicular to said bore, said screw
hole comprising, a threaded portion extending between said bore and
said perpendicular surface and a portion disposed on the other side
of said bore extending into the unit interior from said bore, and,
a threaded fastener having a tapered shoulder portion, the taper of
which corresponds to the taper of said slot and a threaded portion
adapted to engage the threaded portion of said screw hole wherein
the total length of said slot corresponds to the combined distance
from said surface to said screw hole of said first unit and the
corresponding distance of said other unit.
10. A modular unit adapted to be modulated horizontally and
vertically and for a hydraulic control system adapted to be
essentially free of outside piping, interior portions of said unit
adapted to have an associated hydraulic control component part,
interior surfaces defining at least one passageway connected with
said component and adapted to transmit hydraulic fluid to said
component, said passageway terminates on at least one exterior
surface of said unit; means for coupling said modular unit to
another unit in a horizontal direction and means for coupling said
modular unit to another unit in a vertical direction, said means
comprising at least one pair of opposed surfaces of said unit, each
surface of said pair being adapted to be coupled to the opposite
surface of the corresponding pair of another unit; and coupling
means includes screw means extending partially through said unit
and adapted to extend partially through said adjacent unit, said
screw means including a one piece cap screw, said screw including a
head end, an integral enlarged cap portion extending downwardly
from said head end, a threaded portion extending integrally
downwardly from said cap, a socket recess extending into said cap
from said head end, and a threaded bore disposed within said cap
below said socket, the threads of said bore being adapted to engage
the threaded portion of another similar screw whereby tightening of
said first screw will cause tightening to be imparted to said
similar screw.
11. The invention in accordance with claim 10 further comprising
electrical service means coupled to said unit.
12. The invention in accordance with claim 10 wherein said unit is
substantially rectangular having opposed end wall surfaces, top and
bottom wall surfaces and front and rear wall surfaces.
13. The invention in accordance with claim 10 wherein said unit
comprises a manifold unit having a first passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending between
the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a third
passageway connected to said first passageway outer portion and
terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a fourth
passageway connected to said second passageway center portion and
terminating on said top surface.
14. The invention in accordance with claim 10 further comprising
gasket receiving means disposed upon one surface of said opposed
pair of surfaces wherein the other surface of said pair is adapted
to cooperate with the gasket receiving means of another similar
unit to form a seal between said unit and said other unit.
15. The invention in accordance with claim 14 wherein said gasket
receiving means of each said one surface comprises a recessed
channel disposed about the terminal of each of the passageways
terminating on that surface and said gasket means comprises an "O"
ring seated within each said recess.
16. A modular unit adapted to be modulated horizontally and
vertically and for a hydraulic control system adapted to be
essentially free of outside piping, interior portions of said unit
adapted to have an associated hydraulic control component part,
interior surfaces defining at least one passageway connected with
said component and adapted to transmit hydraulic fluid to said
component, said passageway terminates on at least one exterior
surface of said unit; means for coupling said modular unit to
another unit in a horizontal direction and means for coupling said
modular unit to another unit in a vertical direction, said means
comprising at least one pair of opposed surfaces of said unit, each
surface of said pair being adapted to be coupled to the opposite
surface of the corresponding pair of another unit; and coupling
means includes screw means extending partially through said unit
and adapted to extend partially through said adjacent unit, said
unit comprising a manifold unit having a first passageway extending
between the unit end walls, a second passageway extending between
the unit end walls, a center portion of each passageway, a third
passageway connected to said first passageway outer portion and
terminating on the top wall surface of said manifold, and a fourth
passageway connected to said second passageway center portion and
terminating on said top surface.
17. An improved one piece cap screw adapted to extend partially
into adjacent modular units of a hydraulic control system to
cooperate in coupling the adjacent units to one another, said screw
including a head end, an integral enlarged cap portion extending
downwardly from said head end, a threaded portion extending
integrally downwardly from said cap, a socket recess extending into
said cap from said head end, and a threaded bore disposed within
said cap below said socket, the threads of said bore being adapted
to engage the threaded portion of another similar screw whereby
tightening of said first screw will cause tightening to be imparted
to said similar screw.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multicomponent modular hydraulic
system utilizing housing units for the various components which may
readily be coupled to other similar units. The components may be in
the form of directional valves, output controls, manifold and
return lines, etc., so that by suitably connecting units having the
necessary components a wide variety of functions may be obtained
with the system.
The principle object of the present invention is to provide a
hydraulic system wherein the various components of the system are
each individually contained in housing units which may readily be
connected to other similar units bearing other components in such a
manner that the coupling of the housings to one another also serves
to operatively connect the components.
A further object is to provide such a system which is capable of
withstanding relatively high pressures and wherein the units are
readily interchangeable and replaceable.
In the foregoing and following description the term "hydraulic" is
meant to relate to all types of fluid systems including those
systems utilizing water, air, oil, or other liquids or gases.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above and other beneficial objects and advantages are obtained
in accordance with the present invention by providing a hydraulic
system comprising a plurality of components, which may be in the
form of tank and return lines, directional valves, reducing valves,
etc., each of the components being contained within a housing unit.
The units are each generally rectangular in shape and formed of a
plurality of opposed pairs of walls including end walls, front and
rear walls, and top and bottom walls. At least one passageway
extends into the interior of each unit in communication with the
component contained therein and terminates on at least one of the
walls. At least one of the opposed pairs of walls includes a first
wall having surfaces adapted to engage in surface-to-surface
contact, the second wall of the corresponding pair of another unit
and a second wall adapted to similarly engage the first wall of the
corresponding pair of another unit. Fastening means are provided
for coupling the units to one another with the corresponding
passageways terminating on abutting surfaces in aligned registry.
The fastening means extend only partially through each of the units
being coupled.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the modular
hydraulic system in accordance with the present invention, this
view shows the front, top and one side of the units along with
several associated units shown in phantom;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 showing the rear, bottom
and other side of the units;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a plurality of such units
in vertical array design to provide a particular hydraulic control
function;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along reference lines 4--4 of FIG.
3 in the direction indicated by the arrows;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a typical hydraulic circuit
utilizing conventional USASI symbols;
FIGS. 6 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the circuit of
FIG. 5 constructed utilizing the modular units of the present
invention;
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating alternate means for
coupling the component units to one another which is particularly
well adapted to withstand relatively high pressures;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fastener comprising a portion of
the alternate means;
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the fastener of FIG. 8; and
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary side-elevational-sectional view taken
along reference lines 10--10 of FIG. 7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings
wherein similar components bear the same reference numerals
throughout the several views. Reference is first made briefly to
FIG. 5 wherein a typical hydraulic control system 10 is
schematically illustrated. The system 10 is adapted to drive the
actuators or outputs 12 along a common manifold. These outputs may
consist of motors, cylinders, rotary actuators, etc.
In accordance with the present invention, such a system may easily
be constructed by interconnecting a plurality of modular units,
each such unit containing one of the elements called for in the
schematic drawing. Thus, for example, in order to actuate motor 12a
the various components contained within the subsystem 14 defined by
the broken line border are required. This subsystem includes return
and feed lines 16 and 18 which provide the actuating fluid to the
subsystem from a pump 17 and supply reservoir 19 and returns the
same; a reducing valve 20; a directional valve 22 and flow control
valves 24. Together these components drive motor 12a in a desired
manner. It should be realized that further along the manifold
formed of the feed and return lines other subsystems formed of
other components of various types are used to simultaneously drive
and actuate their associated outputs.
Referring now briefly to FIG. 6, the circuit of FIG. 5 is shown
formed of the modular units of the present invention. Thus, the
feed and return lines, 18 and 16, are both contained in the
manifold unit 28, the reducing valve 20 is contained in unit 30,
the directional valve 22 is contained in unit 32 and the flow
control valves are contained in unit 34. The output motor 12a, (not
shown in FIG. 6), is connected to cylinder ports in the manifold
block through suitable tubing in a manner to be described
forthwith.
The manifold unit 28 has both its ends mounted to other similar
units each having its feed and return lines in aligned registry.
The ends 36 and 38 of the manifold are sealed and connected to the
fluid pump and reservoir not shown. The manifold units are mounted
on a platform 40 and, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, shock mountings 42
such as rubber pads may be provided between the manifold units 18
and the platform 40 if desired.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 1 through 4 wherein the details of
the modular hydraulic system units of the present invention are
shown. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the details of a manifold unit 28 and a
typical component unit such as the flow control valve unit 34 are
illustrated. The manifold unit 28 is generally rectangular in shape
and includes front and rear walls 44 and 46, end walls 48 and 50,
and top and bottom walls 52 and 54. The bottom wall 54 includes two
axially aligned threaded holes 56 to enable the unit to be bolted
to base 40. Two horizontal passageways or channels 58 and 60,
extend completely through the manifold unit from end wall to end
wall and terminate on each of the end walls. These passageways,
when suitably connected, define the feed and return lines 18 and 16
of the system. It is to be noted that each of the terminals on end
wall 50 are defined by a recessed channel 62 counterbored into the
end wall and extending completely around the passageway terminals.
The terminals on the other end wall, 48, are substantially flush
with the end wall. The recesses 62 serve as seats for an "O" or
other suitable gasket so that when the flush wall 48a of an
identical manifold 28a is brought against the recessed wall an
effective seal may be formed. Similarly, the flush wall 48 would
serve to seal the recessed wall 50b, of an identical manifold
28b.
There are four vertical passageways, 64, 66, 68 and 70, extending
partially through the manifold unit from the top surface 52. The
vertical passageways terminate at openings on the surface which are
substantially flush with the top surface. Two of the vertical
passageways, 64 and 66, each communicate with one of the horizontal
passageways 58 and 60 and are connected to the center of their
respective passageways. The remaining passageways extend downwardly
into the manifold unit and are connected to horizontal passageways
which terminate in cylinder ports 65 and 67 on the unit rear. The
motor 12a or other actuator is connected to ports 65 and 67.
In drilling the various passageways through the unit, it is
sometimes necessary to drill a guide bore such as passageway 72,
which terminates on wall 50 in recess 74. This passageway may be
sealed with a conventional plug, which must be recessed below the
surface of wall 50, or by means of an "O" ring inserted within
recess 74, between wall 50 of the present unit and wall 48a of an
adjacent unit. The latter method, however, does tend to produce
additional forces tending to separate the adjacent units, and
hence, is not suggested for high pressure systems.
As shown, recessed chambers 76 and 78 extend inwardly from the
front and rear surfaces, respectively. Recess 76 is generally
rectangular and is spaced inwardly of the top, bottom and end
walls. Recesses 78 extend to the top and bottom walls, are spaced
inwardly from the end walls, and are separated by a center divider
80. The front recess 76 provides a convenient compartment for
receiving the electrical connections to be associated with the
hydraulic system and in this connection openings 82 and 84 are
provided in the end walls to permit passage of the electrical
leads. Openings 82 and 84 are extended to front wall 44, thus
enabling the electrical leads to be set into the unit without
requiring snaking from unit to unit.
Recesses 76 and 78 also serve the important function of providing
access to rear portions 86 and 88 of end walls 50 and 48,
respectively. This permits several manifolds to be fastened to one
another in end-to-end fashion without requiring that the fastener
extend entirely through the unit.
It is undesirable to have the fastener extend entirely through the
housing since this limits the pressure to which the manifold can be
subjected since the maximum pressure is a function of the amount of
elongation of the fasteners (leakage between adjacent units will
occur when the fastener stretches enough to destroy the seal
between the adjacent units), which in turn is a function of the
initial length of the fastener. Thus, the manifold units 28 of the
present invention are provided with four holes 90 drilled through
end wall 48 into chambers 76 and 78 and four threaded holes 92
extending through end wall 50 into chambers 76 and 78. The holes 90
and 92 are in aligned registry so that threaded fasteners such as
socket head bolt 94, may be positioned in chambers 76 and 78 and
passed through openings 90 to engage the threaded openings 92b of
another similar manifold 28b. Similarly fasteners can be positioned
through openings 90a of an identical manifold 28a, to engage the
threaded openings 92 thereby enabling the units to be connected. In
this manner, the bolts 94 need only be sufficiently long to pass
through the end wall openings 90 to engage the threaded openings of
the manifolds to be joined. Four threaded holes 96 are also
provided extending downwardly from top surface 52 and disposed
about the vertical openings 64, 66, 68 and 70. A removable front
plate 97 may be provided to protect the electrical connections in
chamber 76, and in this regard aligned holes 99 and 101 are
provided on the plate and unit to facilitate fastening. An opening
98 in plate 97 permits external electrical leads to be
interconnected with the leads in the chamber as required.
A typical component unit 34, in accordance with the present
invention, is also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Component unit 34 is
also generally rectangular in shape and includes front and rear
walls 98 and 100, end walls 102 and 104, and top and bottom walls
106 and 108. The component unit contains therein any hydraulic
component, as, for example, the flow control valve, and the
vertical passageways extending therethrough (to be described
forthwith) bring the component in operative contact with the
hydraulic fluid of the manifold and other associated components.
Four passageways, 110, 112, 114 and 116 extend vertically through
the unit in aligned registry with vertical passageways 64, 66, 68,
and 70, respectively, of the manifold unit. Recessed channels 118
extend about the bottom terminals of the passageways while the top
terminals are substantially flush with top surface 106. Recessed
channels 118 serve to seat "O" rings or similar gaskets so that an
effective seal may be drawn between the vertical passageways of
unit 34 and those of the manifold unit 28 or between unit 34 and
another similar unit such as 30. As shown in FIG. 3, a flow control
valve such as 113 may be connected to the vertical passageways by
suitable horizontal passageways 115 for additional control. The
flow control valve 113 is suitably bolted to the exterior of unit
113. It should be noted that valve 113 provides the function for
which this particular block was designed to accomplish.
The four passageways 110, 112, 114 and 116 include tank and return
passageways 110 and 112 and two intracomponent connecting
passageways. If required, further passageways may also be provided
to divert all or part of the hydraulic fluid flow for some
additional function. These additional passageways could be
connected to the tank, return, or intracomponent passageways and
then terminate on the surface of the unit for receiving the
additional function component (such as 113). Since it is essential
to the present invention that the various vertical and horizontal
passageways of the units be in aligned registry with similar
passageways of other units, cross drilled holes 120 are utilized to
divert the passageway around other passageways to develop the
desired function. These holes are later plugged to ensure against
leakage if they are not used to connect to some outside component
as previously described.
As in the horizontal coupling of the manifold units and for the
same reason, it is desirable to vertically couple the various units
to one another with the shortest possible fasteners. To this end
vertical holes 122 are provided disposed about passageways 110,
112, 114 and 116 and aligned with the threaded openings. Unique
socket head cap screws are utilized to effect the vertical
coupling. As shown in FIG. 1, each of the bolts 124 includes a
threaded portion 126 extending downwardly from an enlarged cap 128.
A socket 130 extends downwardly from the top surface 132 of the
bolt and a threaded recess 134 is disposed below the socket. The
threaded portion 126 is designed to engage the threaded recess of
another similar bolt.
Referring now to FIG. 4, it is noted that each hole 122 is provided
with an enlarged top portion 136 designed to accommodate the cap
128 of bolt 124. In operation, a first unit, for example 34, is
placed over the manifold unit 28 with its vertical passageways 110,
112, 114 and 116 aligned with passageways 64, 66, 68 and 70 and
suitably sealed with "O" rings 138. Bolts 124 are then passed
through openings 122 of unit 34 to engage the threaded holes 96 of
unit 28. Another unit, for example 30, is then positioned above
unit 34 with its passageways aligned with those of unit 30 and
sealed with "O" rings. Bolts 124 are then passed through the
openings 122 of unit 32 to engage the threaded portion of the heads
of the bolts fastening unit 30 to the manifold. In a similar manner
additional component units could be vertically added.
The method described above for coupling adjacent units has been
found to operate satisfactorily under very high pressures which are
sufficient for most uses. In the event that the system is to be
operated in the ultra high pressure range, an alternate method of
coupling adjacent units is disclosed in FIGS. 7 through 10. In
accordance with this alternate coupling arrangement aligned
channels 140 are drilled extending transverse to the units to be
coupled as, for example, manifold units 28 and 28a. A short rod or
pin 142, the diameter of which is substantially equal to that of
channel 140 and the total length of which is equal to that of the
combined depths of channels 140 and 140a is then inserted in both
holes 140 and 140a. A hole 144 extends into each unit perpendicular
to the pin receiving channel 140 and positioned proximal the end of
channel 140. The portion 150 of hole 144 above the pin channel is
threaded to accommodate a making thread on the top portion of the
associated screw 148. As noted in FIGS. 8 and 9, pin 142 is
provided with a slot 146 which tapers inwardly from the top
surface. The length of slot 146 is substantially equal to the
combined distance of channels 140 and 140a measured to screw holes
144 and 144a. Socket head tapered shoulder screws 148 are used to
secure the pin in position and in this connection it is to be noted
that the portion 150 of hole 144 above the pin channel 140 is
counterbored sufficiently to accommodate the head 152 of screw 148.
As noted before, this portion of hole 144 is also threaded. The
shoulder 154 of screw 148 is tapered at substantially the same
angle as slot 146.
In operation, the units are secured to one another in accordance
with this alternate procedure by passing pin 142 through channels
140 and 140a of the units to be fastened with the top of tapered
slot 142 aligned with the counterbored portion 150 of holes 144 and
144a and the bottom of the slot aligned with the bottom portion.
Bolts 148 and 148a are then passed through the slot to engage
threaded portion 150 and 150a respectively so that as the bolts are
tightened the units are drawn toward one another.
Thus, in accordance with the above, a modular hydraulic system is
provided wherein the various components are each contained in
readily interconnected modules. The present invention thus
facilitates the construction of a hydraulic system to perform any
desired function and also permits, with relative ease, the
replacement of any particular component to modify the system or to
replace faulty or worn out parts.
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