U.S. patent number 3,643,833 [Application Number 04/873,889] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-22 for easy opening container wall.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ermal C. Fraze. Invention is credited to Franklin C. Eickenhorst, Ermal C. Fraze.
United States Patent |
3,643,833 |
Fraze , et al. |
February 22, 1972 |
EASY OPENING CONTAINER WALL
Abstract
An easy opening container wall including a main score line in
the container wall defining a panel removable therefrom and a tab
connected to the panel to initiate severance of the panel. A
plurality of generally radially extending secondary score lines are
formed in the panel and sections of the panel are preferably
axially offset relative to each other.
Inventors: |
Fraze; Ermal C. (Dayton,
OH), Eickenhorst; Franklin C. (Mason, OH) |
Assignee: |
Fraze; Ermal C. (Dayton,
OH)
|
Family
ID: |
25362531 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/873,889 |
Filed: |
November 4, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/270 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
17/4011 (20180101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65d 017/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/54,27,48 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
The O. G. Defensive Publication Dunn, Def. Pub. of Ser. No.
793,231, filed Oct. 5, 1966, published in 866 O.G.701 on Sept. 16,
1969, Defensive Publication No. T866,014..
|
Primary Examiner: Hall; George T.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. In an easy opening container wall wherein a line of weakness is
formed in a container wall to define a panel at least partially
removable from the container wall and a tab is connected to the
container wall to initiate severance of the panel from the
container wall and wherein the container wall is subjected to a
force prior to manipulation of the tab which stresses the line of
weakness, the improvement to reduce the amount of stress which will
be absorbed by the container wall at the line of weakness in
response to the application of the force to the container wall
comprising:
the panel being weakened at selected regions thereof with the
weakened regions of said panel absorbing some of the stress
resulting from said force to thereby reduce the amount of stress
which is absorbed by said line of weakness, said panel being
nonrupturable at said selected regions by manipulation of the tab,
said panel including first and second panel sections offset axially
from each other and at least one of the weakened regions lies
partially in both of said sections.
2. In an easy opening container wall wherein a main line of
weakness is formed in a container wall to define a panel at least
partially removable from the container wall and a tab is connected
to the container wall to initiate severance of the panel from the
container wall, the improvement comprising:
a plurality of secondary lines of weakness in said panel, said
panel being nonrupturable along said secondary lines of weakness in
response to manipulation of the tab to sever the main line of
weakness; and
each of said secondary lines of weakness beginning at a location
spaced from the center of said panel and extending generally
radially outwardly toward the main line of weakness to terminate in
spaced relationship to said main line of weakness, said panel
including first and second axially offset sections with at least
one of said secondary lines of weakness extending at least part way
across both of said sections.
3. In an easy opening container wall wherein a main line of
weakness is formed in a container wall to define a panel at least
partially removable from the container wall and a tab is connected
to the container wall to initiate severance of the panel from the
container wall, the improvement comprising:
a plurality of secondary lines of weakness in said panel, said
panel being nonrupturable along said secondary lines of weakness in
response to manipulation of the tab to sever the main line of
weakness; and
said panel including inner, outer and intermediate sections with
said intermediate section substantially circumscribing said inner
section and with said outer section substantially circumscribing
said intermediate section said sections being axially offset from
each other, said secondary score lines extending substantially
across said outer and intermediate sections.
4. An easy opening container wall comprising:
a container wall of sheet material having a main score line therein
defining a main residual web, said main residual web defining a
panel at least partially removable from the container wall, said
panel covering a major portion of said container wall;
a tab attached to said panel to initiate removal of said panel from
said container wall by rupturing said residual web;
said panel having a plurality of secondary score lines therein,
each of said secondary score lines defining a secondary residual
web of greater thickness than said main residual web; and
said panel having an inner section, each of said secondary score
lines extending generally radially from a location closely adjacent
said inner section to a location closely adjacent the main score
line, said secondary score lines being substantially equally spaced
circumferentially.
5. An improvement as defined in claim 3 wherein said secondary
lines of weakness extend generally radially of the panel.
6. An improvement as defined in claim 5 wherein each of said
secondary lines of weakness terminates short of said main line of
weakness, said secondary lines of weakness being spaced
circumferentially of the panel.
7. An improvement as defined in claim 2 wherein the main line of
weakness defines a main rupturable web and each of the secondary
lines of weakness defines a secondary rupturable web, a major
portion of the main rupturable web being thinner than major
portions of a majority of the secondary rupturable webs.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
An easy opening container wall typically includes a container wall
of sheet material having a main score line therein defining a panel
removable therefrom and a tab to initiate severance of the panel
from the container wall. Often times the panel is large relative to
the size of the container wall and it may cover a major portion of,
or substantially all of, the area of the container wall.
During transit the easy opening container is subjected to shock and
vibration forces as a result of product movement within the
container. Specifically the usual shocks encountered during transit
causes the product to be repeatedly forced against the container
wall.
The stress thus imparted to the container wall is not evenly
distributed throughout the container wall because of the irregular
cross section of the container wall due to the weakening of the
container wall by the main score line. Rather, the stress is
concentrated at the main score line. This repeated stressing of the
main score line is so substantial that it can result in the rupture
of the sheet material along the main score line, through fatigue or
otherwise, with consequent spillage and/or spoilage of the product.
In some instances the rupturing along the main score line will be
assisted by a positive or negative pressure within the
container.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention solves this problem by reducing the stressing
of the container wall along the main score line. This is
accomplished by distributing the stress more evenly throughout the
container wall thereby reducing the stress which must be absorbed
by the sheet material along the main score line. Thus, the stress
concentration which existed heretofore along the main score line is
eliminated.
To distribute the stress, the present invention teaches weakening
of the panel at selected regions so that the weakened regions will
absorb greater proportions of the stress than they would in an
unweakened state. In this manner the stress is distributed to
various regions of the panel with consequent reduction in stress
along the main score line. The weakened regions serve to protect
the main score line.
The weakened regions are preferably in the form of generally
radially extending secondary score lines. In a preferred form of
the invention, the weakened regions are substantially evenly spaced
circumferentially and extend from locations spaced outwardly of the
center of the panel to terminate radially inwardly of the main
score line. The weakened regions and the main score line preferably
do not intersect because intersection of score lines in a panel can
result in leakage of the product through such intersection.
However, the weakened regions preferably extend to a location
closely adjacent the main score line. By so doing the weakened
regions can absorb greater proportions of the stress to thereby
give greater protection to the main score line.
The formation of the secondary score lines causes flow of metal
away from or outwardly of the secondary score lines. This produces
excess metal in the regions of the panel adjacent the secondary
score lines. The presence of excess metal renders the container
wall bistable, i.e., it produces a tendency of the container wall
to "oil can."
To avoid this problem, the present invention teaches axially
offsetting sections of the panel. The offsetting of the sections of
the panel causes stretching of the panel to, in effect, use up at
least some of the excess metal produced by the formation of the
secondary score lines.
This can be advantageously accomplished by offsetting or stretching
of the panel across the secondary score lines so that the
stretching will occur at regions where the excess metal exists. To
use up the excess metal adjacent the radial inward ends of the
secondary score lines, another section of the panel inwardly of the
secondary score lines is preferably axially offset.
Because the offsetting of the panel is for the purpose of utilizing
the excess metal produced during the formation of the secondary
score lines, the offsetting operation should not occur prior to the
operation in which the secondary score lines are formed.
Preferably, the offsetting of the panel occurs following the
formation of the secondary score lines. To avoid excessive
weakening of the panel, the secondary score lines should have a
higher residual than the main score line. Of course, the shape,
length, spacing, and depth of each of the secondary score lines can
be varied depending upon the results desired.
The invention, both as to its organization and method of operation
together with further features and advantages thereof, may best be
understood by reference to the following description taken in
connection with the accompanying illustrative drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an easy opening container wall constructed
in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along line
2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view similar to FIG. 2
illustrating an initial operation in the method of making the easy
opening container wall of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken along line
4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on an
axially extending plane through a portion of the easy opening
container wall which has the main score line.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings and in particular to FIG. 1 thereof,
reference numeral 11 designates an easy opening container wall
constructed in accordance with the teachings of this invention. The
easy opening container wall 11 includes a container wall 13 in the
form of a can end constructed of sheet material such as an aluminum
alloy and having a peripheral attaching flange 15 to secure the
container wall to a can body (not shown). A line of weakness in the
form of a main score line 17 is formed in the container wall 13 and
defines a tear portion or panel 19 which covers a substantial area
of the container wall 13. Although the main score line 17 and the
panel 19 may assume various configurations and sizes, in the
embodiment illustrated they are circular in plan and the panel 19
covers substantially all of the area in plan of the container wall
13.
A tab 21 is attached to the panel 19 by suitable means such as a
rivet 23. The tab 21 constitutes means for manually removing the
panel 19 from the container wall 13, and although a specific form
of tab has been illustrated, it should be understood that various
other kinds of tabs suitable for removing the panel 19 may be
utilized.
In the embodiment illustrated, the tab 21 includes a substantially
longitudinally rigid lever portion 25 through which the rivet 23
projects to attach the tab to the panel 19. The lever portion 25
includes a rupturing nose 27 which preferably overlies a region of
the score line 17 and which can be forced thereagainst to initiate
severance of the panel 19 from the container wall 13. Specifically,
the score line 17 is ruptured by the rupturing nose 27 which forces
a portion of the panel 17 inwardly.
The tab 21 also includes a handle portion 29 integrally joined to
the lever portion 25 by a pliable connection portion 31. The tab 21
can advantageously be integrally constructed from a single piece of
sheet material such as an aluminum alloy.
To remove the panel 19, the user grasps the radial outer end of the
handle portion 29 and moves the latter upwardly, i.e., away from
the panel 19. Such upward movement of the outer end of the handle
portion 29 can easily be accomplished because the connecting
portion 31 is readily bendable. When the handle portion 29 has been
elevated above the panel 19 at an appropriate angle, the user can
firmly grasp the handle portion and exert an outward pulling force
with the result that the end of the lever portion 25 remote from
the rupture nose 27 is elevated. This causes the lever portion 25
to pivot with the result that the rupturing nose 27 is forced
against the panel 19 with sufficient force to sever the sheet
material of the container wall 13 along the score line 17. Then, by
exerting a pulling force in the appropriate direction, the entire
panel 19 may be removed from the container wall 13.
The panel 19 also includes a plurality of radially extending
secondary score lines 33. The score lines 33 weaken the panel 19
inwardly of the main score line 17. Although the particular
configuration of the score lines 33 can be varied, in the
embodiment illustrated the secondary score lines are linear and
extend along radial lines. To obtain the best stress distribution,
the secondary score lines 33 are preferably substantially equally
spaced circumferentially and preferably extend to locations closely
adjacent the main score line 17. The number of secondary score
lines 33 can be varied depending upon the results desired and the
particular number shown in FIG. 1 should not be considered
limiting.
The panel 19 has an inner section 35, an intermediate section 37,
and an outer section 39 with the inner and intermediate sections
being integrally connected by a connecting section or wall 41 and
with the intermediate and outer sections being integrally connected
by a connecting section or wall 43. In the embodiment illustrated,
the inner section 35 is circular and the intermediate section 37
and the outer section 39 are both annular. Each of the secondary
score lines 33 preferably extends from a location slightly radially
outwardly of the connecting section 41 across major portions of the
sections 37, 43 and 39 to terminate at locations closely adjacent
and spaced radially inwardly of the main score line 17. Each of the
secondary score lines 33 defines a secondary residual web 45 (FIGS.
2 and 4) and the main score line 17 defines a main residual web 46
(FIG. 5). The residual web 45 is preferably thicker than the
residual web 46.
With the container wall 13 scored as shown in FIG. 1, the secondary
score lines 33 constitute weakened regions and the zone of the
sheet material between adjacent secondary score lines constitute
panel segments integrally joined at least in part by the sheet
material along the secondary score lines. In use of the easy
opening container wall 11, the product (now shown) contained within
the container body (not shown) to which the easy opening container
wall 11 is attached will move during transit of the container. Such
movement of the product within the container inevitably results in
the application of repeated forces to the panel 19. If the
secondary score lines 33 were not provided, the sheet material
along the main score line would be substantially repeated stressed
by such movement of the product. However, due to the weakening of
the panel 17 by the secondary score lines 33, the panel has
numerous regions other than the main score line 17 which can
resiliently flex to absorb some of the force applied against the
panel 19. Thus, the secondary score lines 33 cause a more even
distribution of the stress throughout the panel 19 than would be
obtained if the score lines were not provided.
An early operation in the making of the easy opening container wall
11 is illustrated in FIG. 3. First, the container wall 13 is scored
to form the main score line 17 and the secondary score lines 33 as
shown in FIG. 3. These scoring operations may be carried out
simultaneously or sequentially with either the main score line or
the secondary score lines being first formed. During the scoring of
the secondary score lines 33, metal is displaced outwardly from
each of the score lines 33 in all directions. This causes the
presence of excess metal in a zone which completely surrounds each
of the secondary score lines 33.
Because of the relatively large number of the secondary score lines
33, if this excess metal condition were allowed to remain, the
container wall 13 would be bistable. The present invention
eliminates the bistable condition of the container wall 13 by
axially offsetting the sections 35, 37 and 39 of the panel 19,
i.e., by panel forming. As shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate
section 37 is offset axially inwardly from the outer section 39 and
the inner section 35 is offset axially inwardly from the
intermediate section 37. This axial offsetting of the panel
sections 35, 37 and 39 stretches the metal along and adjacent the
connecting sections 41 and 43.
This stretching which occurs during the panel forming operation
removes at least some of the excess metal from the zone surrounding
the secondary score lines 33. For this reason, the connecting
section 43 preferably extends generally through a central region of
each of the secondary score lines 33 so that it can be most
effective in drawing or utilizing the excess metal produced in the
panel 17 by the formation of the secondary score lines. The
connecting section 41 is located slightly radially inwardly of the
inner radial end of the score lines 33 so that it can use the
excess metal which is adjacent and between the inner ends of the
secondary score lines. Of course, variation in the location and
number of the connecting sections can be varied, and the
configuration illustrated should be considered exemplary of a
preferred manner of removing the excess metal.
Because panel forming utilizes excess metal formed during the
scoring of the secondary score lines, the panel forming operation
should occur simultaneously with, or subsequent to, the secondary
scoring operation. However, to score and panel form simultaneously
would present difficult tooling design problems and for this reason
it is preferred to panel form after the secondary scoring
operation.
Although an exemplary embodiment of the invention has been shown
and described, many changes, modifications and substitutions may be
made by one having ordinary skill in the art without necessarily
departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
* * * * *