U.S. patent number 3,642,168 [Application Number 04/869,706] was granted by the patent office on 1972-02-15 for nontilt stacking and nesting container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Rudkin-Wiley Corporation. Invention is credited to Joseph R. Kazakavage, Nathaniel C. Wiley, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,642,168 |
Wiley, Jr. , et al. |
February 15, 1972 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
NONTILT STACKING AND NESTING CONTAINER
Abstract
Stacking and nesting containers are prevented from tilting into
each other when in superposed stacking position by providing: (a)
differing numbers of a plurality of tapered ribs vertically
positioned and inwardly extending from top to bottom of at least
one opposite pair of sidewalls; or, (b) same numbers of a plurality
of tapered ribs vertically positioned and inwardly extending from
top to bottom of at least one opposite pair of sidewalls, these
ribs being unequally spaced one from the other and being of unequal
width, but the ribs on the opposing walls forming mirror images of
one another; or, (c) the combination of one pair of opposing walls
conforming to arrangement (a) and the second pair of opposing
sidewalls conforming to arrangement (b).
Inventors: |
Wiley, Jr.; Nathaniel C.
(Weston, CT), Kazakavage; Joseph R. (Ansonia, CT) |
Assignee: |
Rudkin-Wiley Corporation
(Seymour, CT)
|
Family
ID: |
25354106 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/869,706 |
Filed: |
October 27, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/518 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
21/045 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
21/04 (20060101); B65d 021/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/97D |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lowrance; George E.
Claims
I claim:
1. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container
comprising:
a bottom wall bounded by upstanding, upwardly divergent
sidewalls;
said sidewalls defining an integral upper rim of dimensions such
that the bottom wall of an identical container fits within said rim
in both a nesting position and a superposed stacking position;
at least a first opposite pair of said sidewalls having the same
numbers of a plurality of tapered ribs vertically positioned and
inwardly extending from top to bottom of said sidewalls, said ribs
on one of said sidewalls being unequally spaced one from the other
and being of unequal width, the ribs on said first opposite pair of
sidewalls forming mirror images of one another, and one of said
inwardly extending ribs extending for a substantial distance across
the center line between a second pair of opposite sidewalls whereby
when two of said containers are stacked and are slid along relative
to each other on said inwardly depending ribs the upper container
is supported on said ribs and prevented from tilting until the
center of gravity of the upper container is outside the rim of the
lower container.
2. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container as
defined in claim 1 wherein said second opposite pair of said
sidewalls have differing numbers of a plurality of tapered ribs
vertically positioned and inwardly extending from top to bottom of
said sidewalls.
3. A container as in claim 2 wherein said rim is horizontally
flanged.
4. A container as in claim 2 wherein the upper ends of said ribs
are indented to form a shelf such that the bottom wall of an
identical container when placed in superposed stacking position
rests on said shelf.
5. A container as in claim 2 also provided with at least one
projecting edge on each of two opposing sidewalls, said edges being
positioned in spaces between adjacent ribs such that a
corresponding projecting edge of an identical container in nesting
position abuts said edge, thereby preventing jamming of said
containers.
6. A container as in claim 5 also provided with upwardly projecting
ribs positioned transversely of said bottom wall.
7. A container as in claim 1 wherein the ribs of said second pair
of opposite sidewalls are formed in the same manner as the ribs or
said first pair of opposite sidewalls.
8. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container as
defined in claim 2 wherein each of said second pair of opposite
sidewalls comprise at least a pair of ribs on opposite sides of the
centerline between said first pair of sidewalls, each rib of said
pair of ribs being of unequal width.
9. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container as
defined in claim 1 wherein said rib extending across the centerline
is the largest of said ribs.
10. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container as
defined in claim 9 wherein the space between said centerline rib
and the next to it ribs on said sidewall is greater to one side of
said centerline rib than on the other.
11. A generally rectangular stacking and nesting container as
defined in claim 10 wherein the smaller space next to said
centerline rib is on the side towards the next smaller rib.
Description
This invention concerns stacking and nesting containers, more
particularly thin walled, unitary boxes which not only nest and
stack but also do not tilt one into the other when in superposed
stacking relationship.
In recent years plastic or metal containers have largely displaced
wooden containers or "tote boxes" for many reasons including the
flammability, bulk and weight of wooden containers. The wooden box
has also presented difficulties in nesting designs because such
boxes must be excessively tapered on the sides in order to maintain
the thickness required for strength. Excessive tapering, while
permitting nesting to the smallest possible storage space, reduces
the cavity size of the containers and therefore their shipping
capacity.
For these and other reasons the container industry has substituted
compression- or injection-molded plastic, heat-formed plastic, or
welded and/or formed sheet metal, one piece, generally rectangular
containers which do not require the excessive tapering for nesting
but provide sufficient strength and capacity to compete
successfully with wooden containers. These plastic or metal boxes
have been provided in a great variety of designs, generally
permitting nesting when in a first relative position, "cross
stacking" when turned 90.degree. in a second relative position
(oblong shapes), or superposed tacking after one container has been
turned 90.degree. (square shapes) or 180.degree. (oblong shapes)
relative to another. By "superposed" is meant that stacking
relationship in which the bottom of one container fits on or within
the top of another container with each container oriented in the
same direction. With respect to oblong containers, the superposed
position would be 90.degree. from the "cross stacking" position and
all containers would be oriented longitudinally.
The known designs, however, whether square or oblong, have the
fault of tilting or tending to fall one into the other when the
containers are placed in superposed stacking relationship. When
many of such containers are so stacked, particularly when filled
with goods in transport, there is serious danger of damage to the
merchandise being transported within the container, and actual
damage often does result, due to tilting of one container into the
other.
Accordingly, an object of this invention is to provide thin walled,
stacking and nesting containers having structural characteristics
which prevent the containers from shifting, tilting or falling one
into the other when the containers are in superposed stacking
relationship. These and other objects, features and advantages will
be detailed in the description which follows.
In summary, the nontilt feature of the containers of this invention
results from providing: (a) different numbers of vertically
positioned ribs in at least one pair of opposing sidewalls; or (b)
the same numbers of a plurality of vertically positioned ribs in at
least one pair of opposing walls, said ribs being of unequal width
and having unequal space between them but the ribs on opposite
walls forming mirror images; or, (c) combining the foregoing
arrangements (a) and (b) in the same container. This third
arrangement is the preferred embodiment, and more particularly
preferred is the same embodiment in which the ribs of those
opposing walls having the same number of ribs are of unequal width
and have unequal spacing therebetween, although the ribs on such
opposing walls form mirror images. The nonuniformity of the
foregoing structures necessarily causes misalignment or overlapping
of the bottom of the ribs of one container relative to the top of
the ribs of a second container when said containers are in
superposed stacking relationship, thus preventing tilting of one
container into another stacked in superposition immediately below
the first container.
The invention is more particularly described in conjunction with
the attached drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are schematic top plan views illustrating the
three primary geometrical configurations of containers of the
invention;
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are also schematic top plan views showing the rib
relationship of two containers each of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 in
superposed stacking position;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a
container of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a top perspective view of the container of FIG. 7;
and
FIGS. 9 and 10 are elevational side and end views, respectively, of
containers generally of the configuration of FIG. 7, in nesting
relationship;
FIGS. 11 and 12 are elevational side and end views, respectively,
of containers generally of the configuration of FIG. 7, in
superposed stacking relationship.
With reference to FIGS. 1-3, FIG. 1 shows a container 100 of the
invention, generally of rectangular, here oblong, configuration,
having sidewalls 101, 102, 103 and 104. Vertically and inwardly
extending within these sidewalls are ribs, corrugations,
convolutions or similar projections 105, 106, 107, 108 and 109.
These ribs generally are tapered from top to bottom of the
container and on the same wall may have equal or unequal widths and
may be spaced equally or unequally. Similarly, FIG. 2 shows
container 200 generally of rectangular, here oblong, configuration
and comprising sidewalls 203, 204, 205 and 206. Also extending
inwardly and vertically of said walls are ribs 205, 206, 207 and
208. As compared with the container of FIG. 1, however, opposing
walls 201 and 202 are provided with the same number of ribs, but
these ribs are of unequal dimensions and have unequal spacing
between them. However, the ribs on wall 201 are mirror images of
the ribs on wall 202. In FIG. 3, the basic rib configurations of
FIGS. 1 and 2 are combined. FIG. 3 shows a container 300 of
generally rectangular, oblong, configuration, comprising sidewalls
301, 302, 303 and 304. Extending inwardly and vertically of said
walls are an unequal number of ribs in walls 303, 304, that is,
ribs 309, 310, 311 and 312 on wall 304, and ribs 313 and 314 on
wall 303. Opposing walls 301 and 302 are provided with the same
number of ribs but these ribs (305 and 306 on wall 301, 307 and 308
on wall 302) are of unequal width and have unequal spacing between
them.
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate misalignment or overlapping of the ribs
of two structures each of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, when said structures
are placed in superposed stacking relationship, that is, when one
structure is turned 180.degree. and placed over an identical
structure. It will be seen in FIG. 4 that when so stacked, the ribs
of lower container 100.1 are misaligned with the ribs of upper
container 100.2 such that container 100.2 will not tilt or fall
into container 100.1. Similarly, in FIG. 5, the ribs of containers
200.1 and 200.2 are misaligned, preventing tilting of upper
container 200.2 into lower container 200.1. In the preferred
embodiment of the invention, represented by the stacking of the two
containers 300.1 and 300.2 in FIG. 6, the same nontilt feature is
evident, that is, the ribs of upper container 300.2 are misaligned
with the ribs of lower container 300.1 such that the former will
not tilt or fall into the latter.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, as represented by
FIG. 7, a container 700 of generally oblong, rectangular,
configuration, having bottom wall 701 and side walls 702, 703, 704
and 705, is provided on wall 702 with ribs 706 and 707, on wall 703
with ribs 708, 709 and 710, on wall 704 with ribs 712 and 713, and
on wall 705 with ribs 714 and 715. All of said ribs extend inwardly
and upwardly, from top to bottom of the container, and are tapered
from top to bottom. It will be noted that all of said ribs are of
unequal width and the space between all of said ribs is unequal. It
will also be evident that walls 702 and 703 have unequal numbers of
ribs whereas walls 704 and 705 are mirror images of one
another.
Also in FIG. 7, rib 710 extends interiorly as well as exteriorly
around corner 711. The same is true of rib 708, although not
illustrated. Container 700 also is provided with partially shown
rib 721 which projects upwardly from bottom wall 701 and cooperates
with projecting edge or lug 717 as resting ledges to prevent
jamming of containers in nesting position. Rib 721 to achieve this
purpose may be positioned lengthwise, crosswise, or may be X- or
Y-shaped as desired.
FIG. 7 also displays, in part, indentations, on the upper edges of
the sidewall ribs, which form saddles or shelves, as shelf 720 on
rib 715. These shelves form resting ledges for the bottom walls of
identical containers when in superposed stacking position thereon,
thereby assisting the stability of the containers when so
stacked.
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7 and illustrates some features of the
invention with greater particularity. These features are the
aforementioned shelves, such as shelf 720 on rib 715, rib 721
projecting upwardly from bottom wall 701, and inwardly projecting
lugs or edges 717, 718 and 719 which provide resting ledges to
prevent jamming of containers of the invention when in nesting
relationship.
FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate partial nesting positions of containers
700.1 and 700.2 similar to those of FIGS. 7 and 8. In each of FIGS.
9 and 10 it will be noted that corresponding ribs, such as side
wall ribs 712.1, 712.2, 713.1 and 713.2, and end wall ribs 706.1,
706.2, 707.1 and 707.2, and shelves 720.1 and 720.2, likewise fit
one into the other so as to facilitate stable nesting of the
containers. The ultimate nesting positions are governed by the
position of projections 717, 718 and 719 of FIG. 8 (not shown in
FIGS. 9-12) and horizontally extending flanges 716 (FIGS. 7 and 8),
716.1 and 716.2 (FIGS. 9-12).
FIG. 10 provides an end view of the same containers as in FIG. 9,
again showing the nesting relationship of corresponding ribs 706.1,
706.2, 707.1 and 707.2, and corresponding flanges 716.1 and 716.2.
The same relationship regarding ultimate nesting positions are
observable here.
When containers of the invention are turned 90.degree. or
180.degree., the latter as illustrated with reference to containers
700.1 and 700.2 of FIGS. 11 and 12, the containers stack neatly one
over the other by virtue of the misalignment of ribs on opposing
sides of the containers. This is evident in FIGS. 11 and 12,
whether the view be longitudinal as in FIG. 11, or whether it be an
end view, as in FIG. 12. With reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, it will
be noted that at least ribs 713.1 and 715.2 are misaligned.
Similarly, in FIG. 12, ribs 706.1 and 707.1 are misaligned with
ribs 708.2, 709.2, 710.2 and 711.2. In conjunction with said
misalignment, there is also misalignment of shelves 720.1 and
720.2, thus enabling top container 700.1 to rest securely and
stably within the rim and flange 716.2 of container 700.2.
It thus becomes evident that, in consequence of the misalignment of
ribs of opposing walls when containers of the invention are in
superposed stacking position as in FIGS. 4-6, 11 and 12, a top
container will not tilt or fall into a lower container. Moreover,
bottom walls 701.1 and 702.2 remain separated and will not jam,
partly by virtue of flanges 716.1 and 716.2, but also as a
consequence of bottom rib 721 and resting edges 717, 718 and 719
(not shown).
The principles of the invention are applicable to any generally
rectangular container configuration whether such be square or
oblong. Likewise, the containers of the invention need not be
manufactured from a single molded piece, but may be bolted or
welded together and the material may be plastic, metal, or any
desirable combinations of such materials. Furthermore, the extent
of taper and thickness of the walls and ribs is not critical and
will depend upon the material of construction.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in what are
considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it
will be recognized that many variations are possible and come
within the scope thereof, the appended claims therefore being
entitled to a full range of equivalents.
* * * * *