U.S. patent number 3,635,547 [Application Number 04/883,016] was granted by the patent office on 1972-01-18 for reflector construction.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Invention is credited to Lynford W. Gilbert, Frank C. Rushing, Albert B. Simon.
United States Patent |
3,635,547 |
Rushing , et al. |
January 18, 1972 |
REFLECTOR CONSTRUCTION
Abstract
A lightweight reflector construction suitable for use in space,
having a thin flexible reflector membrane means stretched flat
between the projecting ends of a plurality of arms which extend
axially and radially from a central support member about which such
arms are distributed. The arms accept the reflector membrane
tensioning load in compression along their length and are permitted
to be of relatively slender construction by virtue of a rigidizing
system of guys that constrain the arms against buckling at spaced
apart locations along their length.
Inventors: |
Rushing; Frank C. (Ellicott,
MD), Gilbert; Lynford W. (Ellicott, MD), Simon; Albert
B. (Ellicott, MD) |
Assignee: |
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
25381816 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/883,016 |
Filed: |
December 8, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
359/847;
343/915 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B
5/08 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G02B
5/08 (20060101); G02b 005/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;350/288,289,292,294,310
;343/840,915 ;248/345 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
2534710 |
December 1950 |
Golian et al. |
|
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schonberg; David
Assistant Examiner: Tokar; Michael J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A reflector construction comprising,
a central support member through which an axis of symmetry of the
construction passes,
a plurality of arms attached to said support member at their one
end and extending axially and radially therefrom with respect to
said axis of circumferentially spaced apart intervals
therearound,
a central mast attached to said central support member and
extending along said axis in a direction opposite to that in which
said arms extend,
a thin flat reflector membrane means supported and held in tension
at spaced apart intervals about its periphery by the projecting
ends of said arms,
a first plurality of guy wires extending from said mast to
respective locations along each of said arms, and
a second plurality of guy wires extending between said arms at
locations therealong.
2. The reflector construction of claim 1, wherein certain of said
second plurality of guy wires extend between longitudinally
corresponding locations on the arms and others extend diagonally
between nonlongitudinally corresponding arm locations.
3. The reflector construction of claim 1, wherein each of said arms
is of equal length and is maintained in a straight attitude by the
several pluralities of guy wires.
4. The reflector construction of claim 1, wherein all of the
aforesaid guy wires are prestressed in tension.
5. The reflector construction of claim 1, wherein tension spring
means are interposed between said arms and said reflector membrane
means.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Lightweight structures with plane surfaced reflector means.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It has been proposed that relatively large flat mirrors be placed
in orbit about a planet and aimed to reflect energy from the sun
toward selected areas of such planet to enhance lighting and/or
heating thereof, for example. In the behalf of convenience and
effectiveness, flat reflector assemblages hundreds of feet in
diameter are envisioned for such use. Weight and compactability
become factors of concern in making launching of such reflector
assemblages into space feasible, and rigidly of the erected
assemblages is a factor concerned with maintaining reflector
flatness in behalf of maximizing its effectiveness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, by virtue of comprising a thin flexible
reflector membrane means stretched flat between the projecting ends
of angulated guyed support arms affords an effective lightweight
structure which is readily adaptable for preerection compaction as
by hinging of the arms for foldup together with the flexible guys
and the flexible reflector membrane means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a reflector construction embodying the
invention, shown in its erected state; and
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the reflector construction of FIG.
1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the reflector construction 5 of the
present invention exemplified therein, in its erected state,
comprises a thin flexible reflector membrane means 6 stretched flat
at spaced apart intervals by tension springs 7 between the
projecting ends of a plurality of equally spaced, alike, elongated
tilted tubular support arms 8 extending axially and radially from a
central support member 9 which are constrained against buckling
under the diaphragm stretching load by pluralities of anchor guys
10, 11 and 12 connected to anchor points 13 at longitudinal
intervals along the arms.
The reflector membrane means 6 held taut and flat by the tension
forces of the springs 7 at intervals about its perimeter may be of
the type described and claimed in copending U.S. Pat. application,
(Case 41,155) Ser. No. 883,018, filed concurrently with the present
patent application, and which membrane means 6 comprises one or a
number of side-by-side coplanar sheets of a light, thin, flexible
material, a mil or less in thickness, for example, such as plastic
materials sold under the trade names Mylar, Kapton, etc., and
having a vapor deposited reflective coating of such as aluminum
thereon. The flexiblity of the thin membrane material enables it to
be in a folded or rolled up state prior to erection of the
reflector construction, and edge reinforcement by a support cable
(not shown) provides for connection of the membrance 6 to the
springs 7 at discrete points therearound while distributing the
localized stretch forces from such springs uniformly along the
membrane edges. Curvature of the edges of the reflector membrane
means 6, such as shown in FIG. 1, translates the radially directed
pull on the edge reinforcing cables (not shown) into bidirectional
stretch of the reflector membrane means 6 to obtain its
flatness.
The support arms 8 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 may be of thin wall
tubular construction, for example, having a number of longitudinal
sections interconnected by hinge means (not shown) constructed and
arranged to permit foldup of such arms accordion fashion to a
compacted state around the central hub 9 to accommodate deployment
into space, together with means (not shown) for unfolding and
locking such arm sections into their aligned positions as shown in
the drawing after erection of the assemblage in space; in manner
similar to the radial arm foldup arrangement disclosed in copending
U.S. Pat. application, Ser. No. 637,419, filed May 10, 1967.
In accordance with the present invention, the tilted arms 8 are
permitted to function as pure compression members in reaction to
the tension forces of the springs 7 which act in a direction
tending to pull the projecting arm ends together, by virtue of a
system of pure tension members in the form of guys 10, 11 and 12.
At the same time, such guy system establishes anchor points 13
along the arms that enhances the column strength of such arms 8
with respect to the compression load imposed along their
length.
The guys 10 extend radially outward and axially downward from the
projecting end of a rigid mast 14 on the central support member 9
to the anchor points 13 at different locations along the arms 8.
The guys 11 extend laterally between longitudinally corresponding
ones of the anchor points 13, and the guys 12 extend diagonally
between nonlongitudinally corresponding ones of such anchor points.
In the erected state in which the assemblage or construction is
shown in the drawing, the guys 10, 11 and 12, while of a flexible
type which permits rollup for storage while such assemblage is
compacted for launching into space, are in straight, taut attitudes
in behalf of precisely defining the anchor points 13 for the arms
8. Such guys are also intended to be relatively strong and
relatively nonstretchable, so that a single strand or parallel
strand of wires, or piano wire quality, for example, is preferred
over a twisted wire cable type which may tend to be more stretch
prone.
In the guy system, the radial-axial guys 10 constrain the anchor
points 13 on the arms 8 against downward movement relative to
support member 9, as viewed in FIG. 2, the lateral guys 11
constrain such anchor points against upward movement relative to
such member 9, and the diagonal guys 12 constrain such anchor
points against sidewise or circumferential movement relative to
member 9. Accordingly, at each anchor point 13 on the arms 8, such
arms are constrained against buckling by the guy system and hence
their capability to support the membrane tensioning load is greatly
enhanced by a relatively lightweight, foldup accommodating
means.
* * * * *