U.S. patent number 3,616,134 [Application Number 04/813,808] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-26 for disposable bathmat material.
Invention is credited to Carlton L. Palenske.
United States Patent |
3,616,134 |
Palenske |
October 26, 1971 |
DISPOSABLE BATHMAT MATERIAL
Abstract
A disposable laminated bathmat having a central layer of
absorbent cellulosic wadding, with a layer of plastic film
laminated to one side of the wadding as a water barrier, a layer of
nonwoven fabric bonded to the other side of the central layer to
provide strength and abrasion resistance, and a layer to provide
strength and abrasion resistance, and a layer of cellulosic tissue
bonded to the other side of the nonwoven fabric.
Inventors: |
Palenske; Carlton L. (Neenah,
WI) |
Family
ID: |
25213456 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/813,808 |
Filed: |
April 1, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/110; 442/57;
156/209; 428/198; 428/215; 4/581; 428/154; 428/201; 428/342 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B
38/06 (20130101); B32B 7/12 (20130101); D04H
5/04 (20130101); B32B 5/26 (20130101); A47G
27/0225 (20130101); B32B 27/12 (20130101); B32B
37/20 (20130101); B32B 37/12 (20130101); Y10T
428/24099 (20150115); B32B 2307/554 (20130101); B32B
2471/04 (20130101); Y10T 428/24463 (20150115); Y10T
428/24826 (20150115); Y10T 442/197 (20150401); Y10T
428/277 (20150115); Y10T 428/24851 (20150115); Y10T
156/1023 (20150115); Y10T 428/24967 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A47G
27/00 (20060101); A47G 27/02 (20060101); D04H
5/00 (20060101); D04H 5/04 (20060101); B32b
005/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;161/57-60,128-129,152,156,157,148 ;4/185 ;156/209 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Burnett; Robert F.
Assistant Examiner: Koeckert; Linda C.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A disposable laminated bathmat comprising the combination of a
central layer of absorbent material formed of a multiplicity of
plies of cellulosic wadding, a layer of nonwoven fabric comprised
of a plurality of spaced apart, substantially parallel warp threads
and a plurality of spaced apart fill threads extending across the
warp threads in a transverse direction, said warp threads being
bonded to said fill threads, said layer of nonwoven fabric being
bonded to one side of said central layer and being adapted to
strengthen said bathmat, a layer of water impervious plastic film
bonded to the other side of said central layer and a layer of
absorbent cellulosic tissue bonded to the other side of said
nonwoven fabric.
2. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said nonwoven fabric is adhesively bonded to at least one ply of
cellulosic tissue on the inner surface thereof, and said cellulosic
tissue is adhesively bonded to adjacent plies of cellulosic wadding
in said central layer.
3. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said multiple plies of cellulosic wadding in said central layer and
said plastic film are interbonded by embossing.
4. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said central layer of cellulosic wadding has a crepe ratio of at
least about 2:1.
5. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 4 wherein
said cellulosic wadding in said central layer has a drier basis
weight of from about 4.0 to about 5.8 lbs. per 2880 sq. ft., a
stretch per ply of from about 70 percent to about 120 percent, a
bulk of from about 25 to about 40 mils/10 plies, and a machine
direction strength of from about 400 to about 800 grams.
6. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said plastic film is cold embossable polyethylene.
7. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said nonwoven fabric has a thread count of between about 2 and
about 3 threads per inch in both directions.
8. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 1 wherein
said nonwoven fabric is made of nylon threads.
9. A disposable laminated bathmat comprising the combination of a
central layer of absorbent material formed of a multiplicity of
plies of cellulosic wadding, a laminate of scrim and cellulosic
tissue adhesively bonded to one side of said central layer of
absorbent material, said scrim having a plurality of warp and fill
threads crossing one another, and a layer of plastic film laminated
to the other side of said central layer of absorbent material.
10. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 9 wherein
said multiple plies of cellulosic wadding in said central layer and
said plastic film are interbonded by embossing.
11. A disposable laminated bathmat as set forth in claim 9 wherein
said cellulosic tissue in said laminate of scrim and cellulosic
tissue has a drier basis weight of from 7.4 to about 8.0 lbs. per
2880 sq. ft., a finished basis weight of from about 9 to about 11
lbs. per 2880 sq. ft., a stretch per ply of from about 18 percent
to about 25 percent, a dry cross direction strength of at least
about 300 grams, and a wet cross direction strength of at least
about 110 grams.
12. A method of forming a disposable laminated bathmat comprising
the steps of laminating a water impervious plastic film to one side
of a layer of absorbent material formed of a multiplicity of plies
of cellulosic wadding, embossing the resulting laminate so as to
interbond the multiple plies of cellulosic wadding and said plastic
film, and laminating a scrim tissue laminate to the other side of
said layer of absorbent material, said scrim-tissue laminate
including a plurality of parallel spaced apart warp threads and a
plurality of spaced apart fill threads crossing said warp
threads.
13. A method of forming a disposable laminated bathmat as set forth
in claim 12 wherein said scrim-tissue laminate is adhesively bonded
to said layer of absorbent material.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to bathmats and, more
particularly, to an improved disposable laminated bathmat.
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an
improved disposable bathmat having superior strength, abrasion
resistance, bulk, and absorbency. A related object of the invention
is to provide such an improved disposable bathmat which has a
desirable feel combined with a relatively high absorbency rate and
capacity.
Another object of the invention is to provide such an improved
disposable bathmat which is nonabsorbent on the underside
thereof.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved
disposable bathmat of the type described above which can be
efficiently manufactured at high production rates and at a
relatively low cost.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method of
producing an improved disposable laminated bathmat of the foregoing
type.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent
from the following detailed description taken in connection with
the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a disposable bathmat embodying
the invention, with sections of successive layers of the bathmat
material removed to reveal underlying layers;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevation of the bathmat shown in FIG. 1
on an enlarged scale; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a process for producing the
bathmat shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in accordance with the
invention.
While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and
alternative forms, certain specific embodiments thereof have been
shown by way of example in the drawings which will be described in
detail herein. It should be understood, however, that it is not
intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed
but, on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications,
equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope
of the invention.
Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawings, the
invention is embodied in a bathmat represented in FIGS. 1 and 2,
and including a central layer 10 of absorbent material formed of a
multiplicity of plies 11 of creped cellulosic wadding, a layer 12
of scrim-tissue laminate on one face of the central layer 10, and a
plastic film 13 on the opposite face of the central layer 10. The
tissue portion of the scrim-tissue laminate 12 in the illustrative
embodiment comprises two plies 22 of cellulosic tissue bonded to
the inner side of the scrim 14, and two plies 23 of the same tissue
bonded to the outer surface of the scrim 14. The two-plies of
tissue on each side of the scrim are preferably bonded to at least
one of the two sets of threads in the scrim 14; for example, this
may be accomplished by applying adhesive to the warp threads of the
scrim 14 during the fabrication of the scrim-tissue laminate
12.
As can be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the "scrim" portion of the
scrim-tissue laminate 12 is a nonwoven fabric 14 comprising a set
of spaced warp threads 20 which extend in the longitudinal or
machine direction, and a set of fill threads 21 which extend across
the warp threads in the transverse direction. Since the fabric is
nonwoven, the fill threads 21 are all on the same side of the warp
threads 20, with the two sets of threads disposed in face-to-face
relation to each other and adhesively bonded together where the
threads of one set cross the threads of the other set. Nonwoven
fabrics of this type are well-known in the art, and may be made by
any of several different known methods and apparatus, one example
of which is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,841,202 to H. W. Hirschy.
The threads in each of the two cross-laid sets normally run
parallel to each other and are uniformly spaced, but the fabric may
be formed with the threads following nonparallel or irregular
patterns if desired, as long as one set of threads is disposed
entirely on one side of the other set. It will be understood that
the term "threads" is intended to include both monofilament and
multifilament structures, although multifilament structures are
generally preferred in nonwoven fabrics. One particularly preferred
scrim material for use in the present invention has a thread count
of 3.times.2.5 (number of warp threads per inch by number of fill
threads per inch), and the threads are made of 70 denier high
tenacity nylon.
The cellulosic tissue portion of the scrim-tissue laminate 12
suitably comprises cellulosic sheets having a drier basis weight of
from about 7.4 to about 8.0 lbs. per 2880 sq. ft., a finished basis
weight of from about 9 to about 11 lbs. per 2880 sq. ft., a stretch
per ply of from about 18 percent to about 25 percent, a dry cross
direction strength of at least about 300 grams, and a wet cross
direction strength of at least about 110 grams. One typical
cellulosic tissue that is particularly suitable for use as the
tissue plies 22 and 23 has a drier basis weight of 7.6 lbs. per
2880 sq. ft., a finished basis weight for two-plies of 9.5 lbs. per
sq. ft., a dry cross direction strength of 700 to 750 grams, a wet
cross direction strength of 140 to 180 grams, and a stretch of 18
percent to 25 percent.
In order to provide a bathmat with superior absorbency
characteristics, the multiply wadding layer 10 in the illustrative
embodiment comprises four-plies 11 of creped cellulosic wadding.
The wadding 10 is preferably embossable, and for this reason should
have a crepe ratio of at least 2:1. The preferred wadding also has
a dry basis weight, stretch, machine direction strength, and bulk
within the same ranges mentioned previously for the cellulosic
tissue plies 22 and 23 in the scrim-tissue laminate 14. One typical
wadding that is particularly suitable for use in the present
invention has a drier basis weight of 4.8 lbs./2880 sq. ft., a
crepe ratio of 220, a 120 percent stretch, a machine direction
strength of 500-700 grams, and a bulk of 27-35 mils/10 plies. For
purposes of clarity, the term "tissue " is used herein to identify
the cellulosic sheets that are included in the preformed
scrim-tissue laminate 12, and the term "wadding" is used to
identify the multiple plies 11 of cellulosic material disposed
between the laminate 12 and the film 13. However, as will be
understood by those familiar with this art, the terms "tissue" and
"wadding" are often used interchangeably, and thus the tissue
sheets 22 and 23 may be the same material as the wadding plies 11
in certain cases.
The plastic film 13 must be water impervious, and is preferably a
cold embossable film so that the multiple plies 11 of cellulosic
wadding and the plastic film 13 may be interbonded in a single cold
embossing operation, as will be described in more detail below. In
the particular example illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the
four-wadding plies 11 and the film 13 are interbonded by a
"whipcord" embossing pattern, which forms a series of evenly spaced
longitudinal grooves in the embossed material. Of course, various
other embossing patterns may be utilized, if desired, to achieve
substantially the same result.
To bond the scrim-tissue laminate 12 to the multiply wadding 10, a
discontinuous adhesive pattern 24 is applied to the inner surface
of the tissue layers 22 before the scrim-tissue laminate is
laminated to the embossed laminate of wadding 10 and film 13. In
the particular embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the adhesive
pattern 24 is a dot pattern printed on the inner surface of the
tissue layers 22 by means of an intaglio cell roll. As will be
apparent to those skilled in this art, such a discontinuous
adhesive pattern firmly bonds the tissue 12 to the wadding 10
without adversely affecting the absorbency and flexibility
thereof.
It has been found that the particular combination of materials
embodied in the composite laminate of FIGS. 1 and 2 is superbly
suited for use as a disposable bathmat. Thus, the central layer 10
of cellulosic wadding, plus the two tissue layers 22 bonded to the
inner surface of the scrim, provide a relatively high absorbent
capacity, and the absorbent material is readily accessible via the
relatively large openings in the scrim 14 and the two tissue layers
23 bonded to the outer surface thereof so that the absorbency rate
is also relatively high. Moreover, the scrim layer close to the top
surface of the mat provides the composite laminate with the
requisite tensile strength and abrasion resistance for a bathmat,
and yet it is sufficiently economical for a disposable material.
From a cost-performance standpoint, a scrim made of 70 denier high
tenacity nylon with a thread count of 3.times.2.5 is especially
preferred. Finally, the two layers of cellulosic tissue on the
outer surface of the scrim provide the composite bathmat with a
printable surface and relatively soft feel and appearance, and
enhance the absorbency of the mat by providing a wicking action on
any wet surface brought into contact with the top surface of the
mat. It has also been found that the relatively small pore
structure of the central layer of cellulosic wadding retains
absorbed water or other liquids under compression.
In FIG. 3, there is illustrated a preferred method of forming the
particular bathmat shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thus, four continuous
webs of cellulosic wadding are unwound from rolls 30, 31, 32, and
33 and laminated to the underside of a continuous web of cold
embossable plastic film 13 unwound from a roll 34. To interbond the
wadding from the rolls 30-33 and the film from the roll 34, the
film 13 and the four webs of wadding 10 are passed over a guide
roll 35 and into the nip of an embossing roll 36 and a cooperating
calender roll 37, with the embossing roll bearing against the film
side of the laminate. In the particular product illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2, the cellulosic wadding 10 and plastic film 13 are
embossed with a "whipcord" pattern, but as mentioned previously, a
number of different embossing patterns may be utilized in carrying
out the present invention. When using the exemplary materials
described above and 0.5-mil polyethylene "cold embossable" film
(available from Extrudo Film Inc.) a suitable embossing pressure is
200 to 550 p.s.i.g.
As the embossed wadding film laminate is withdrawn from the nip of
the rolls 36, 37 it is laminated to a preformed scrim-tissue
laminate 12 unwound from a roll 38. As the scrim-tissue laminate is
unwound from the roll 38, it is passed through an adhesive
application station 40 comprising a pair of guide rolls 41 and 42
and an adhesive applicator roll 43. The adhesive is normally
applied in a discontinuous pattern, such as that indicated by the
adhesive areas 24 in FIG. 1, so that the subsequent bonding of the
scrim-tissue laminate to the wadding-film laminate is achieved with
a minimum of adhesive and without reducing the flexibility or
absorbency of the resulting laminate. Of course, the particular
adhesive employed should be insoluble in water, which is the
primary liquid that is absorbed by bathmats during use.
From the adhesive application station 40, the scrim-tissue laminate
is passed over a guide roll 44 and laminated to the wadding side of
the film-wadding laminate, thereby adhesively bonding the
cellulosic tissue on one side of the scrim-tissue laminate 12 to
the multiply wadding 10 in the film-wadding laminate withdrawn from
the nip of the rolls 36 and 37. The resulting adhesively bonded
laminate is then wound on a roll 45 for subsequent slitting or
cutting into bathmats of the desired size and shape.
In a working example of the invention, a number of bathmats were
prepared by the process illustrated in FIG. 3, and using the
exemplary materials identified above. These bathmats were subjected
to a number of different tests, with the following results:
##SPC1##
In the absorbency rate test, 0.1 cc. of water was deposited on the
upper surface of the bathmat, and the time required for the water
to be absorbed completely into the mat was measured. In the
absorbent capacity test, a 4-inch .times.4 -inch sample of the
bathmat material was weighed in its dry condition and then
submerged in water for 3 minutes, removed and hung by one corner
for 1 minute, and weighed again; as shown in the above table, the
wet weight was found to be about eight times the dry weight.
As can be seen from the foregoing detailed description and
examples, the present invention provides an improved disposable
bathmat having superior strength, abrasion resistance, bulk, and
absorbency. More particularly, although the bathmat is disposable,
it has a desirable feel combined with a relatively high absorbency
rate and capacity. Furthermore, the bathmat is nonabsorbent on the
underside thereof. Moreover, the bathmat can be efficiently
manufactured at high production rates and at a relatively low
cost.
* * * * *