U.S. patent number 3,611,333 [Application Number 04/794,897] was granted by the patent office on 1971-10-05 for mailbox operated electronic signal device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Nicholas Conigliaro. Invention is credited to Thomas S. Conigliaro.
United States Patent |
3,611,333 |
Conigliaro |
October 5, 1971 |
MAILBOX OPERATED ELECTRONIC SIGNAL DEVICE
Abstract
A rural mail indicator signal system of the electric type,
comprising a miniature solid state crystal-controlled radio signal
transmitter at the mailbox, which sends out a pulselike signal when
the mailbox door is opened or closed. In the residence a miniature
radio receiver intercepts the pulse signal and converts it to
either an audible signal, or a visual signal, or both.
Inventors: |
Conigliaro; Thomas S.
(Huntington, CT) |
Assignee: |
Conigliaro; Nicholas
(Carbondale, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
25164026 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/794,897 |
Filed: |
January 29, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/539.14;
232/35; 200/61.63; 232/37; 455/91; 340/545.6; 200/61; 340/569 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47G
29/1214 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47G
29/00 (20060101); A47G 29/122 (20060101); G08b
021/00 (); G08c 017/00 (); B65d 091/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/281,224,283
;200/61.63 ;232/34-37 ;343/900 ;325/102,119,170,362,477 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Caldwell; John W.
Assistant Examiner: Palan; Perry
Claims
I claim:
1. A mail indicator device comprising, in combination, a miniature
radio transmitter and means for mounting the same on the mail box;
means for momentarily switching on the transmitter in response to
operation of the mail box door in a given direction; a transmitting
antenna connected to said transmitter; a receiving antenna and a
radio receiver connected to the same and adapted to be activated by
a signal broadcast from the transmitter; a sensory signal device;
means responsive to activation of said receiver, for rendering
operative the sensory signal device; a mail box, said means for
mounting the transmitter comprising a base attachable to and
disposed exteriorly of the mail box and a housing hingedly secured
to the base and swingable away therefrom to expose the housing
interior, said transmitter including a battery carried in the
housing for power and the swinging away of the housing providing
for accessibility to the battery to facilitate replacement thereof;
said switching means comprising a switch mounted on the base and
engageable with the mail box door said base comprising a metal
plate connected to the transmitter output and capacitively coupled
to the mail box, said baseplate and mail box constituting the
transmitting antenna.
Description
BACKGROUND
This invention relates to electric devices which indicate the
presence of mail being deposited in a mail box by the carrier.
Heretofore, electric mail indicator devices generally have involved
wired systems wherein an electric switch at the mail box was
actuated by the opening or closing of the box door, the switch
being wired to a signal located within the residence to effect the
desired indication. Some prior devices made use of existing
electric wiring as it was already installed for doorbell or
annunciator systems, thus obviating the need to install new lines
except as required from the mail box to the adjoining push button
for the bell, and as required in the house from the bell to the
mail indicator device. However, although there was a saving as
regards the stringing of long lines, the short wiring still
required an electrician or skilled handyman, and this constituted a
drawback. Where, as in rural areas, the mail box was remote from
the residence with no existing wires, it became necessary to
additionally string lines, as in the ground, from the mail box to
the house. Such more extensive wiring represented an added expense
in materials and labor, constituting still further drawbacks.
SUMMARY
The above disadvantages and drawbacks of prior devices of the kind
indicated are obviated by the present invention, one object being
to provide an improved electric mail indicator which completely
eliminates the need for an electrician, for its installation. A
related object of the invention is to provide an improved electric
mail indicator in accordance with the foregoing, which requires an
absolute minimum amount of time, effort and skill to effect its
installation. These objects are accomplished by the provision of
unconnected, radio wave transmitter and receiver devices located
respectively at the mail box and in the residence, so arranged that
operation of the mail box door causes a signal pulse to be
broadcast from the transmitter and picked up by the receiver, the
latter rendering operative visual signal or an audible signal or
both. The transmitter is battery operated, and turned on for only
an instant by means of a sweep-by type switch responding to the
door movement at the mail box; it comprises a completely
self-contained weatherproof unit adapted for attachment to the
underside of the box. The receiver is also a self-contained unit,
having a plug for reception by any 115-volt outlet receptacle of
the house, whereby it is always energized and in readiness for
operation.
Other features and advantages of the invention reside in the
provision of an improved, remote control mail indicator as above
set forth, which is selective so as to resist pulses due to
operation of appliances in the residence, or operation of adjoining
electronic indicators; an improved indicator as characterized,
which is reliable, easily serviced, especially small and compact,
relatively low in cost, and easily operated by the user.
Still other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the remote control
electronic mail indicator device provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of the transmitter portion
of the mail indicator device.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through a mail box
having attached to its underside the transmitter portion of the
indicator device.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the receiver portion of the
indicator device, showing the power supply plug and also the
receiving antenna.
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the signal and power
supply system associated with the radio wave receiver, and
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the radio wave
receiver.
FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of a thermal cutout switch for
limiting the operational period of the audible signal.
The present improved mail indicator system is shown in its entirety
diagrammatically in FIG. 1. In this figure there is depicted a mail
box 10 carried by the usual post 12 which is supported in the
earth, and a residence 14 located at a considerable distance from
the mail box. Located in the residence 14 is an electronic mail
indicator or signalling device 16 which is provided with a source
of current, preferably by means of the domestic household voltage
used for lighting, appliances, etc.
At the mail box 10 and preferably attached to the underside thereof
is a weatherproof casing 18 containing a radio transmitter which is
activated momentarily at the time that the door 20 of the mail box
is being swung open or closed. In FIG. 1 the mail carrier's hand 22
is shown in the process of opening the door 20 prior to insertion
of mail in the box. FIG. 1 also depicts the radio waves, indicated
generally by the zigzag lines 24 emanating from the metal mail box
10 which is made to function as a transmitting antenna, such waves
travelling to the receiving electronic indicator and signalling
device 16 and actuating the latter so as to indicate the presence
of mail in the box. Such indication may be either by means of an
electric lamp, or else by a buzzer, bell or similar audible signal,
or else both.
Referring to FIG. 4, the electronic indicator may comprise a small
sized housing 26 provided with a telescopic antenna 28 and with an
electric plug portion 30 comprising prongs 32 adapted to be
received in a wall receptacle (not shown) providing house current.
In the casing 16 there is disposed a resettable thermal cutout
switch 33 adapted to render inoperative the audible signal after a
short elapse of time, and also a slide switch 36 to control the
energization of the receiver. Additionally there is carried by the
casing 26 a lens 38 in which there is disposed an electric signal
lamp 40.
Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the transmitter unit at the mail box is
shown in greater detail. The housing 18 is mounted by means of a
hinge 42 to the underside or bottom wall 44 of the box, said
mounting preferably including a base plate 46 secured to the bottom
and on which there is carried a sweep-type switch 48 having a
spring-biased actuating finger 50, normally engaged with the inner
surface of the mail box door 20. The switch 48 is normally held
open by the door, as shown in the positions of FIGS. 2 and 3.
However, when the mail box door 20 is either swung down and opened
from the closed position of FIG. 3 or else swung up and closed from
the fully open position, the actuator arm 50 will be shifted and
will momentarily close and then again open the switch 48, effecting
a momentary energization of the transmitter 52 indicated by the box
labeled "XMTTR." In FIG. 2 the on-off switch 48 is shown as having
a biasing spring 54 connected to a suitable anchorage and biasing
the switch actuator arm 50 for sweeping (downward or outward)
movement when it is not restrained by the mail box door 20, such
sweeping movement momentarily connecting the movable contact 56 of
the switch 48 with the stationary contact 58 thereof. The switch 48
is connected to a battery 60, which effects the energization of the
transmitter 52. Terminals on the transmitter 52 are connected
respectively to the battery 60 and the on-off switch 48, as shown
in FIG. 2. The transmitter 52 has an RF output terminal 62 which is
connected by a lead 64 made to act as a transmitting antenna. Or,
the mail box can advantageously function as part of the antenna by
having the metal base plate 46 capacitively coupled to it, in which
case the plate 46 is connected to the transmitter output and also
constitutes part of the antenna. With a capacitive coupling, as is
well understood in the electronic arts, no electrical connections
need be made between the base plate 46 and the mail box 10, and
therefore the plate can be merely cemented or adhered by an
adhesive to the box to obtain the capacitive coupling, thus
facilitating the installation since no drilling or screwing is
needed. FIG. 3 shows no drilling or screwing into the mail box 10.
This is an advantage when installing the transmitter casing 18. The
transmitter 52 may be of conventional construction, and may be
crystal controlled using plug-in crystals 66 by which the frequency
may be changed within a given band.
Replacement of the battery 60 and changing of the crystal 66 may be
easily and quickly effected by swinging down the casing 18 of the
transmitter to expose the interior compartment for such purpose.
Preferably the baseboard 46 remains fixedly secured to the bottom
wall 44 at all times, even during replacement of the battery.
It will be understood from the foregoing that the transmitter 52 is
normally not energized. However, during an actuation of the mail
box door 20, both for opening the mail box and also closing it, the
transmitter will be momentarily energized, causing a signal pulse
to be emitted from the metal box constituting the antenna. The
transmitter 52 comprises solid state components whereby no
preliminary heating period is necessary, but instead a transmission
of RF energy is effected immediately upon closing the energizing
circuit of the battery 60 by means of the switch 48.
Considering now the receiver unit 16, referring to FIG. 4 it will
be understood that in place of the plug-in portion 30 of the casing
26 there may be provided a line cord having a two-prong plug for
connection with a suitable receptacle whereby the casing and
receiver unit may be located at a distance more remote from the
power receptacle. A suitable solid-state circuit for the RF
receiver 29 of the unit 16 is shown in FIG. 6. The receiver 29 is
also crystal controlled, there being shown a crystal 68 for this
purpose. The control receiver circuit includes a pickup antenna
which comprises the telescopic collector 28 shown in FIG. 4. Most
of the receiver circuit is conventional, and accordingly those
components not directly concerned with the novel aspects of the
present invention are not described herein.
The receiver circuit of FIG. 6 is of the type arranged to effect a
control when it receives the proper RF signal at the antenna 28.
For this purpose, the receiver has output wires 70, 72 which in
FIG. 5 are shown as connected with the coil 74 of a relay 76. The
wire 70 is also part of the energizing or power supply circuit for
the receiver, which has another wire 78 constituting the other
power supply lead. The control receiver has an output transistor 80
having a base 82, a collector 84, and an emitter 86. The collector
84 and emitter 86 are connected respectively to the wires 72 and
78, and the base 82 is connected through a resistor 88 to the
emitter 90 of a preceding transistor 92 having a collector 94 and a
base 96. The emitter 90 is connected through a resistor 98 to the
power lead 78, and is bridged by a capacitor 100. In accordance
with the invention, the base 96 is connected to a capacitor 102
which has a value of 10 microfarads, such capacitor being connected
to a 6,200 ohm resistor 104 which is in turn connected to an RF
choke 106 having its other end connected to the power lead 78. The
provision of the resistor 104 and capacitor 102 connected to the
base 96 of the transistor 92 renders the receiver circuit more
selective and less sensitive to RF disturbances other than the
intended signal pulse, as may be occasioned by the operation of
lights, appliances or other equipment in the domicile. 102, 104
comprise a delay circuit.
The signalling device circuit which includes the control receiver
29 is given in FIG. 5. The power supply wires 70, 78 for the
receiver have a Zener diode 110 connected across them for close
control of the supply voltage, the wire 70 going to the negative
terminal of an electrolytic filter capacitor 112 and to the output
of a bridge rectifier 114 which is supplied from the secondary 116
of a power transformer 118 having its primary 120 connected with
the supply plug or prongs 32. The on-off switch 36 is bridged by a
capacitor 122, in accordance with invention, to eliminate arcing
and spikes which could activate the receiver. The switch 36 is
connected to the supply from the plug prongs 32.
The positive output terminal from the bridge 114 is connected to
the positive side of the filter capacitor 112, which latter is
bridged by a bleeder resistor 124 providing a load for the bridge.
The positive side of the bridge 114 is connected to a wire 126
which connects through a resistor 128 to the Zener diode 110.
The relay 76 has movable contacts 130, 132 which are normally open
and cooperable with stationary contacts 134, 136. The movable
contact 132 is connected to the signal lamp 40 and to an audible
signal or buzzer 140, the latter being connected through the
thermal cutout switch 33 with the negative line 70. The lamp 40 is
connected by a wire 142 to the negative line 70. The stationary
contact 136 of the relay is connected with the wire 126 which is
the positive side of the DC power unit. The stationary contact 136
is also connected by a jumper 144 to the movable contact 130, thus
constituting a holding circuit for the relay. The stationary relay
contact 134 is connected by a jumper 146 with the relay coil
74.
The thermal cutout switch 33 is described and claimed in detail in
U.S. Pat. No. 3,258,564 issued June 28, 1966 and entitled
"Automatic Thermal Cutout For Use With Mail Box Indicator and Door
Signal" and accordingly no claims thereto are made herein. Briefly
described, the switch 33 comprises normally engaging cooperable
leaf spring contact blades 150, 152 carried by a base 154 which
also carries a rigid stop arm 156 engaging the blade 150 to prevent
forward movement of the latter beyond a certain limit. The base 154
mounts a bimetal arm 158 on which there is disposed a heater 160,
comprising at least 100 ohms of resistance wire. The end of the arm
158 abuts the spring contact 152 which is biased away from the arm
150 (represented by the spring 162 in FIG. 5) and normally
maintains the arms 150, 152 engaged with each other whereby the
circuit through the buzzer 140 is not interrupted. The base 154 has
a downward biased reset plunger 164 which can be depressed (shifted
upward in FiG. 7) to move the blades 150, 152 away from the
bimetallic arm 158 so that the latter can reset to the positions
shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. An adjusting screw 166 bears against the
bimetallic arm 158 to vary the time of delay in opening of the
switch.
Operation of the signalling device is as follows: Normally the
on-off switch 36 is kept closed whereby a continuous DC supply
voltage is had at the wires 70, 126, and in turn at the wires 70,
78. The relay 76 is normally deenergized and open, as shown. When
the RF receiver 29 is activated by a signal received at the antenna
28 and sent out from the transmitter 52, this will effect a
switching of the control wire 72 to the positive supply wire 78 by
means of the output transistor 80, thus causing energization of the
coil 74 of the relay 76. The relay contacts will then close,
whereupon a holding circuit is established from the positive supply
wire 126 to the control wire 72. Such holding circuit will maintain
the energization of the relay when the signal received by the
receiver 28 is discontinued. It will be remembered that such signal
is of momentary duration, due to the momentary closing of the
transmitter switch 48. The closing of the relay 76 and the
maintaining of the relay contacts close will not result in the
signal bulb 40 being energized through the relay contacts 132, 136,
and will also result in the buzzer 140 sounding due to the thermal
switch 33 being in the closed condition. The resident of the
domicile will not be apprised of the fact that the mail box door
has been actuated, as by the insertion of mail therein, and such
mail may therefore be picked up.
With energization of the buzzer 140, the heater 160 will be
energized. This heats and flexes the bimetallic arm 158 to the left
as viewed in FIG. 5 or upward and to the right as viewed in FIG. 7.
The arm 158 thereby disengages from the blade 152, permitting the
latter to separate from the blade 150 and opening the circuit
through the buzzer 140 and heater 160. The buzzer becomes silent
and the lamp 40 assumes full brilliance. The resident resets the
signal device by merely pushing the plunger 164 to reestablish the
contacts 150, 152 into engagement, and by actuating the slide
switch 36 to the open and then back again to the closed position.
This actuation of the switch 36 deenergizes the relay 76, breaking
the holding circuit thereof and resetting the signal for its next
operation.
It will now be understood from the foregoing that I have provided a
novel and improved remote control mail indicator device comprising
a radio transmitter which is located at the mail box and is
automatically actuated as the mail box door is opened and closed,
and comprising a receiver unit located at a distance from the mail
box, in the domicile which the mail box serves. Solid state
circuitry is used throughout, and the transmitter and receiver
units accordingly are instant acting and may be extremely small and
compact in construction. The frequency is preferably controlled by
the use of crystals, whereby adjoining domiciles may utilize
systems having different frequencies to eliminate interference with
similar systems or with garage door operators.
An important advantage of the transmitter-switching arrangement
illustrated herein resides in the fact that the transmitter is
activated twice when the mail is being inserted by the carrier. The
first activation is effected by opening the mail box door, and the
second activation is effected by closing the door. Thus, if for
some reason the opening door movement fails to establish the
signal, there is a second opportunity to establish the signal as
the mail box door is closed.
The novel method of the invention comprises a signalling procedure
which involves activating a radio transmitter at the mail box in
response to operation of the box door, intercepting the transmitter
signal by a receiver located in a building remote from the mail
box, and rendering a sensory signal operative in the said building
in response to activation of the radio receiver. The method
involves maintaining the sensory signal operative after the
receiver has been pulsed.
Variations and modifications are possible, within the scope of the
claims.
* * * * *