U.S. patent number 3,601,524 [Application Number 04/513,126] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-24 for underwater marine cable.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Invention is credited to Samuel H. KAUFFMAN.
United States Patent |
3,601,524 |
KAUFFMAN |
August 24, 1971 |
UNDERWATER MARINE CABLE
Abstract
1. The combination of a new and improved flexible marine cable
and a wateght end coupler formed thereon, comprising A multistrand
center conductor, A first inner layer of insulation of high density
polyethylene surrounding said center conductor to provide good
electrical insulation, A second outer layer of insulation of nylon
covering said inner layer of insulation to provide good mechanical
strength, A braided coaxial outer conductor surrounding the
insulation and supported thereby, A high density polyethylene
jacket encasing said outer conductor to provide corrosion
protection and abrasion resistance, A swaged assembly including a
collar through which the combination of said outer conductor,
insulation, and center conductor passes, the strands of said outer
conductor being laid back over said collar, and a collet swaged
over said collar, the center conductor extending beyond said swaged
assembly, A generally cylindrical cable end fitting having a first
axial bore therethrough through which the combination of said outer
conductor, insulation, and center conductor passes, and a second
larger diameter axial bore part way therethrough which receives
said swaged assembly, A first seal comprising a potting compound
filling the cavity in said second bore, and A second seal
comprising a tapered polyurethane section molded over said end
fitting and over a portion of said polyethylene jacket encasing
said outer conductor.
Inventors: |
KAUFFMAN; Samuel H. (N/A,
MD) |
Assignee: |
Navy; The United States of America
as represented by the Secretary of the (N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
24041984 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/513,126 |
Filed: |
December 9, 1965 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
174/64; 174/77R;
174/74R; 174/75R; 174/89; 174/70S |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01R
13/523 (20130101); H01B 7/14 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01B
7/14 (20060101); H01R 13/523 (20060101); H02G
015/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;174/73,74,75,76,77,85,89,90,93 ;339/177 ;174/74,75,77,89 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Jr.; Rodney D. Bennett
Assistant Examiner: Baxter; Joseph G.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. The combination of a new and improved flexible marine cable and
a watertight end coupler formed thereon, comprising
a multistrand center conductor,
a first inner layer of insulation of high density polyethylene
surrounding said center conductor to provide good electrical
insulation,
a second outer layer of insulation of nylon covering said inner
layer of insulation to provide good mechanical strength,
a braided coaxial outer conductor surrounding the insulation and
supported thereby,
a high density polyethylene jacket encasing said outer conductor to
provide corrosion protection and abrasion resistance,
a swaged assembly including a collar through which the combination
of said outer conductor, insulation, and center conductor passes,
the strands of said outer conductor being laid back over said
collar, and a collet swaged over said collar, the center conductor
extending beyond said swaged assembly,
a generally cylindrical cable end fitting having a first axial bore
therethrough through which the combination of said outer conductor,
insulation, and center conductor passes, and a second larger
diameter axial bore part way therethrough which receives said
swaged assembly,
a first seal comprising a potting compound filling the cavity in
said second bore, and
a second seal comprising a tapered polyurethane section molded over
said end fitting and over a portion of said polyethylene jacket
encasing said outer conductor.
2. A new and improved flexible marine cable as recited in claim 1
wherein said end fitting further has an axial recess larger in
diameter than said second bore at the entrance of said second bore,
said end coupler further comprising
an insert received by said recess, and
and pin connector supported by said insert and extending
therethrough, said center conductor being electrically connected to
the base of said pin connector.
3. A new and improved flexible marine cable as recited in claim 2
wherein an annular groove is cut in the end of end fitting around
said recess, said groove supporting a third seal in the form of an
O-ring.
4. A new and improved flexible marine cable as recited in claim 3
wherein said potting compound is an epoxy resin.
5. A new and improved flexible marine cable as recited in claim 3
wherein said potting compound is polyurethane.
Description
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or
for the Government of the United States of America for governmental
purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or
therefor.
This invention relates generally to underwater marine cables, and
more particularly to a new and improved flexible marine cable
having watertight end couplers formed thereon.
The usual construction for electrical cables required to carry
substantial mechanical loads is a double-armored, counterwound
construction. This construction, however, is too inflexible for
many applications.
It is therefore an object of the instant invention to provide an
improved marine cable which is capable of sustaining high
mechanical loads and withstanding severe flexing without impairing
the conductor or the conductor insulation.
It is another object of this invention to provide a highly flexible
underwater electrical cable having end couplers formed thereon
which provide both mechanical and watertight electrical termination
that is a fraction of the size of available fittings.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a flexible cable
for underwater use which is able to sustain high mechanical loads
for substantial periods of time and not leak water at high
hydrostatic pressures.
According to the present invention, the foregoing and other objects
are attained in a preferred embodiment by providing a coaxial cable
formed by a multistrand center conductor, a first insulating layer
of polyethylene, a layer of nylon for mechanical strength, an outer
conductor, and an outer polyethylene jacket for corrosion and
abrasion protection. The ends of the cable are made watertight by
means of swaged end fittings sealed by potting material.
The specific nature of the invention, as well as other objects,
aspects, uses and advantages thereof, will clearly appear from the
following description and from the accompanying drawing, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the marine cable and an end
coupler according to the invention which shows the construction
thereof; and
FIG. 2 is an end view of the end coupler shown in FIG. 1.
Referring now to the drawing, and more particularly to FIG. 1, the
marine cable according to the invention comprises an insulated
center conductor 101 which is stranded to promote flexibility. The
insulation is in two layers; an inner layer 102 of high density
polyethylene to provide excellent electrical insulation, and an
outer layer 103 of nylon to provide protection for inner layer 102.
A stranded coaxial outer conductor 104 surrounds the insulation and
is supported thereby. Outer conductor 104 is preferably made of
steel and is the principal strength member of the cable. A high
density polyethylene jacket 105 encases the cable to provide
corrosion protection and abrasion resistance. Alternatively, the
abrasion resistance of the cable can be enhanced by using nylon or
polyurethane in place of the high density polyethylene for jacket
105.
The end coupler shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a swaged assembly
secured to the cable. This assembly comprises a collar 106 through
which the cable, except for jacket 105, passes. As is shown in FIG.
1, jacket 105 terminates some distance before the end of the cable.
The strands of conductor 104 are untwisted and, uniformly
distributed, laid back over collar 106. A collet 107 is swaged on
over the strands of conductor 104 and collar 106, the excess wire
lengths extending beyond collet 107 being trimmed off. The end
coupler additionally comprises a generally cylindrical cable end
fitting 108. Fitting 108 has a main body portion 109, a smaller
diameter tail portion 111, and a larger diameter head portion 112.
An axial bore having a diameter slightly larger than the swaged
assembly including collar 106 and collet 107 extends through the
head 112 and a substantial distance into the main body portion 109
of fitting 108. A smaller diameter axial bore slightly larger than
the cable without jacket 105 extends through the tail portion 111
of fitting 108 and communicates with the larger diameter bore in
the body portion 109. The swaged assembly rests on the shoulder
formed by the junction of the two axial bores, and the cable
extends out through the bore in tail portion 111. An axial recess
having a slightly larger diameter than the bore receiving the
swaged assembly is provided in the face of the head portion 112 of
fitting 108. This recess receives an insert 113 which supports a
central pin connector 114. The central conductor 101 of the cable
extends beyond the swaged assembly and is electrically connected to
the base of pin connector 114 as by crimping the conductor into a
recess thereof, for example. A second electrical connector in the
form of an annular disk 115 having a plurality of outwardly
extending and forwardly projecting tabs 116 surrounds pin connector
114 but is electrically insulated therefrom. As illustrated, disk
115 and insert 113 are provided with a plurality of holes drilled
therethrough which are in registry. To provide connection to the
outer coaxial conductor 104 of the cable, a plurality of
uninsulated, soft, coated copper wires 117, less in number than the
number of holes in disk 115 and insert 113, extend from the swaged
assembly through insert 113 and are bent over and soldered to disk
115. Preferably, wires 117 are placed between collar 106 and collet
107 before the swagging process to ensure a good electrical and
mechanical connection. The fitting 108 is made watertight by
potting the swaged assembly and the extending center conductor in a
suitable epoxy resin generally indicated at 118, the cavity in
fitting 108 being filled through one of the empty holes in disk 115
and insert 113. Alternatively, polyurethane may be used as the
potting compound instead of an epoxy resin. A second seal is
provided by molding a tapered polyurethane section 119 over the
tail portion 111 of fitting 108 and the cable including jacket 105.
The molded section 119 also protects the cable end against sharp
bends. Adhesion between the polyurethane section 119 and the metal
tail portion 111 of fitting 108 is mechanically enhanced by
providing a collar 121 about tail portion 111 a short distance from
the main body portion 109. Adhesion is further chemically enhanced
by priming the surface of tail portion 111 with a suitable primer
and flame treating and priming the surface of the polyethylene
cable jacket 105. Polyurethane is used as the molding material
because it can be molded at moderate temperatures (160.degree. F).
Elevated temperatures, for an appreciable period of time, cause
flow of the conductor insulation and allow leakage between the
insulation and the epoxy potting. Further, the polyurethane is a
good adhesive, tough and abrasion resistant. As an alternative,
tapered section 119 may be injection molded using a medium or low
density polyethylene. Since the time required to mold is short the
heat does not destroy the bond between the epoxy and the center
conductor insulation.
The end coupler is secured to a connector (not shown) by means of a
securing threaded cap 122. Cap 122 is conjoined to the head portion
112 of fitting 108, extending about the periphery thereof, and may,
as illustrated, extend over the shoulder formed between head
portion 112 and main body portion 109 of fitting 108.
Alternatively, securing cap 122 may be integrally formed on head
portion 112. The seal between the end coupler and another connector
to which the coupler is secured is made by O-ring 123 which is
supported in an annular groove in the face of head portion 112 near
the outer edge thereof.
It will be apparent that the embodiment shown is only exemplary and
that various modifications can be made in construction and
arrangement within the scope of the invention as defined in the
appended claims.
* * * * *