U.S. patent number 3,599,830 [Application Number 04/835,371] was granted by the patent office on 1971-08-17 for article dispenser operable without the use of hands.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Truly-Magic Products, Inc.. Invention is credited to Peter F. Gannon, James R. Gilchrist.
United States Patent |
3,599,830 |
Gilchrist , et al. |
August 17, 1971 |
ARTICLE DISPENSER OPERABLE WITHOUT THE USE OF HANDS
Abstract
An article dispenser is disclosed, particularly suited for
dispensing sterile scrubber sponges, comprising a vertically
elongated container housing a plurality of superimposed articles
hinged at its upper end to a wall and extending downwardly and
outwardly away from the wall so that its lower end is spaced from
the wall, being yieldingly biased into that ready position, and an
article projector interposed between the wall and an article in the
container arranged opposite a doorway in the front of the container
closed by spring loaded doors, whereby pushing the container toward
the wall as by the elbow of the user causes an article to be
partially projected through the doorway where it is yieldingly held
by the doors in an exposed condition accessible to be manually
grasped and completely removed from the container whereupon the
doors automatically close, release of the pushing force returning
the container to its ready position.
Inventors: |
Gilchrist; James R. (Clarence,
NY), Gannon; Peter F. (Lakeview, NY) |
Assignee: |
Truly-Magic Products, Inc.
(Buffalo, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25269345 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/835,371 |
Filed: |
June 23, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
221/188; 221/305;
221/250; 221/310 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/725 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/72 (20060101); A24f 015/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;221/186,187,188,189,303--307,310,250 ;229/17B,20 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Coleman; Samuel F.
Claims
We claim:
1. A dispenser, comprising a vertically elongated container
including an inner box and an outer box surrounding the lower
portion of said inner box, said inner box including a front panel,
side panels which extend below said front panel and a locking tab
joined to each of said side panels along a fold line, said outer
box including a front wall, a rear wall, sidewalls, a compound tab
having upper and lower tab portions, cover flaps and doors, said
upper tab portion being joined to said rear wall along a fold line
and overlying said locking tabs, said lower tab portion being
joined to said upper tab portion along a fold line and underlying
said locking tabs, said cover flaps being severally joined to said
sidewalls along fold lines, overlapping each other, joined together
and underlying said compound tab, the space below the lower edge of
said front panel providing a discharge opening, said doors being
parts of said front wall severally joined to said sidewalls along
fold lines and when substantially coplanar closing said opening and
having margins overlapping said front panel, elastic means
connected to said doors and one of said cover flaps and arranged to
urge said doors to a closed condition, said container being adapted
to contain a plurality of superimposed articles to be dispensed
singly through said opening, and projector means arranged to push
an article against said doors and through said opening upon
relative movement between said container and projector means.
2. A dispenser according to claim 1 wherein a flange is connected
to each of said doors along a fold line and underlies said cover
flaps, one of said cover flaps has a tongue, and said elastic means
includes an elastic cord having its ends severally secured to such
door flanges and its intermediate portion looped over said
tongue.
3. A dispenser according to claim 2 wherein said rear wall has a
first opening adjacent said fold line between said upper portion
and said rear wall and a second opening above said first opening,
said projector means includes a U-shaped member having a pair of
actuator elements severally extending through said first and second
openings and connected by a web element arranged in said container
on the rear side of the article to be dispensed, an attaching web
upstanding from the upper one of said actuator elements and having
an opening adapted to receive a support bracket, and a leaf spring
connected to the upper end of said attaching web and extending
upwardly and forwardly therefrom and having a free end slidably
engaging said rear wall, the portion of said rear wall between said
first and second openings engaging said web element to limit the
forward position of said rear wall relative to said attaching web,
whereby movement of said container toward said attaching web causes
said web element to push an article against said doors and
partially through the opening provided by said doors when open.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dispensers for articles such as surgical scrubbers as heretofore
constructed have not been fully satisfactory. For example, prior
dispenser construction was such that a person was required to touch
the dispenser incidental to removing a scrubber therefrom. This
could result in contamination of the container by the person's
hands or could transfer previous contamination of the container to
the hands of a subsequent user, even though the dispenser and its
contents were initially sterilized.
Another disadvantage of the previous dispensers was that they were
formed with an article exit which was left open between article
withdrawals so that the opportunity to contaminate undispensed
articles still within the container from dirt and air entering the
exit was increased.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inventive dispenser, overcoming the aforementioned
disadvantages of prior dispensers, comprises a vertically elongated
container having a discharge opening adjacent its lower end and
adapted to contain a plurality of superimposed articles such as
scrubber sponges to be dispensed singly through such opening, doors
normally closing such opening, and a projector arranged to push an
article against such doors and through such opening upon relative
movement between the container and projector. Thus a normally
closed dispenser provides continued protection against
environmental contamination.
Another advantage of the inventive dispenser is that it is always
ready for use and can be operated to project an article away from
the container without requiring handling as by pushing against it
with an elbow, enabling the user to completely remove the article
by only touching the article and thereby either avoid contaminating
the container or being contaminated thereby.
Another advantage of the inventive dispenser is that it is easy to
mount on a suitable support such as a wall to place it is operative
condition.
A further advantage of the inventive dispenser is that is sturdy,
yet economical and is disposable after all of the articles therein
have been dispensed.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from
the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment
thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a flattened blank from which is
assembled the inner box of a container forming part of a dispenser
embodying a preferred form of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a flattened blank from which is
assembled the outer box of such container.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the inventive dispenser and
illustrating the same mounted for operation, this view being from a
point above, in front and to one side of the dispenser.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical sectional view thereof
taken on line 4-4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a view similar to the lower portion of FIG. 4 and showing
the container pushed toward its support so as to effect partial
projection of an article from the container.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the upper
mounting for the dispenser taken on line 6-6 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the lower
mounting for the dispenser taken on line 7-7 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 8 is a generally horizontal transverse sectional view of the
dispenser taken on line 8-8 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view thereof taken on
line 9-9 of FIG. 4.
FIGS. 10 through 15 severally are perspective views of the lower
portion of the container, viewed from a point below and in front of
the same, and illustrates the sequence of assembling the
container.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The dispenser is shown in FIG. 3 as comprising a vertically
elongated container 20 including an inner box 21 and an outer box
22. The inner box 21 extends for the full height of the container,
whereas the outer box 22 surrounds the lower portion of the inner
box for reenforcement of the same and for other purposes as will be
apparent from the ensuing description.
The inner box 21 is formed from a one-piece blank 21B of suitable
sheet material shown in FIG. 1. The outer box 22 is also formed
from a one-piece blank 22B of suitable sheet material shown in FIG.
2. Preferably the sheet material for both blanks is paperboard. An
explanation of the construction and shape of blanks 21B and 22B
will initiate a description of boxes 21 and 22, following which the
manner of joining the boxes together will be described.
Referring to FIG. 1, blank 21B is shown as including a front panel
23, a first side panel 24, a second side panel 25 and a rear panel
26. A vertical fold line 28 joins front panel 23 and side panel 24.
A vertical fold line 29 joins front panel 23 and the other side
panel 25. A vertical fold line 30 joins side panel 25 and rear
panel 26. Connected to this rear panel along a fold line 31 is an
attaching flange 32. With the various panels 23--26 folded along
lines 28--31 so that adjacent panels are at right angles to each
other, a rectangular tubular member can be provided. Flange 32
which is folded along line 31 to beat a right angle to rear panel
26 is adhesively secured to the inside of side panel 24 so that
fold line 31 is adjacent the free edge 33 of this side panel, as
shown in FIG. 8.
Side panel 24 is shown as having at its upper end a flap 34
connected along a horizontal fold line 35. The other side panel 25
has a similar flap 36 connected to it by a horizontal fold line 36.
These flaps can overlap when the box 21 is set up. The upper end of
front panel 23 has a rectangular cover panel 39 as an extension
connected along a horizontal fold line 40. The free end of this
cover panel has a flange 41 connected to it along horizontal fold
line 42. In the assembled condition of box 21 cover panel 39
overlies overlapped flaps 34 and 36, and flange 41 is arranged
vertically and inserted adjacent rear panel 26.
Means are provided for hinging the upper end of box 21 to a
suitable support such as a wall W (FIGS. 4 and 5). For this
purpose, the upper end of rear panel 26 is shown as having a
compound hinge tab 43 including a rear rectangular section 44, a
front rectangular section 45 and a flange 46. Rear section 44 is
connected to the rear panel along a horizontal fold line 48. Front
section 45 is connected to the rear section along a horizontal fold
line 49. Flange 46 is connected to the front section by a
horizontal fold line 50. Flange 44 has an inverted T-shaped slot 51
and flange 45 has a similar but upright T-shaped slot 52, both
slots being in vertical alignment and equidistant from intermediate
fold line 49.
It will be seen that by folding the two sections 44 and 45 along
line 49 and inserting flange 46 between flange 41 of cover panel 39
and rear panel 26, a double-ply hinge tab extending upwardly
generally as an extension of the rear panel is provided, as shown
in FIG. 4. The T-shaped slots 51 and 52 of the overlapping sections
44 and 45 register and jointly provide an inverted T-shaped hole
53, shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, adapted to receive a support bracket
54. This bracket is shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6 as including a base
plate 55 adhesively attachable to wall W, a vertical rib 56
outstanding from this base plate and a vertical retaining plate 58
joined centrally to the outer edge of this rib. Thus in cross
section the rib and retaining plate are T-shaped. The wings or
portions of the retaining plate 58 laterally of rib 56 extend over
front hinge tab section 45 laterally of the vertical leg of hole
53. The walls of hinge tab sections 44 and 45 at the upper end of
this leg of hole 53 engage the upper edge 59 of bracket rib 56, as
shown in FIG. 4 and 6. Thus, the horizontal transverse hinge axis
for inner box 21 is along fold line 48.
Considering now the construction of the lower end of blank 21B,
front panel 23 is shown as having a transverse horizontal edge 60
which is at a level above a horizontal fold line 61 on side panel
24 and a similar fold line 62 on the other side panel 25. The
cutout portion 63 of the front panel so provided has a slightly
upwardly and outwardly inclined edge 64 adjacent side panel 24. A
similar edge 65 is on the opposite side of this cutout portion
adjacent side panel 25. A locking tab 66 is connected to side panel
24 along fold line 61. A similar locking tab 68 is connected to the
other side panel 25 along fold line 62. Preferably the edges of
locking tabs 66 and 68 adjacent the lower ends of edges 64 and 65
are set back slightly as indicated at 69 and 70, respectively. The
opposite ends of these locking tabs 66 and 68 are shown as inclined
as indicated at 71 and 72, respectively.
The lower end of rear panel 26 is shown as being recessed as
indicated at 73. This recess is defined by a horizontal edge 74
above the level of fold line 62, an inclined side edge 75 extending
upwardly and leftwardly from the juncture of fold lines 62 and 30,
and a similar inclined side edge 76 extending upwardly and
rightwardly from the lower end of fold line 31.
Turning now to FIG. 2, the blank 22B there shown comprises a front
panel 78, a side panel 79, another side panel 80, and a rear panel
81. The upper edges of these panels are coterminous and horizontal
as indicated at 82. Side panel 79 is connected to front panel along
a vertical fold line 83. Side panel 80 is connected to the other
edge of this front panel along a vertical fold line 84. Rear panel
81 is connected to side panel 80 along a vertical fold line 85.
Connected to the other edge of this rear panel along a vertical
fold line 86 is an attaching flange 88. With the various panels
78--81 folded along lines 83--86 so that adjacent panels are at
right angles to each other, a rectangular tubular member can be
provided. Flange 88 which is folded along line 86 to beat a right
angle to rear panel 81 is adhesively secured to the inside to the
inside of side panel 79 so that fold line 86 is adjacent the free
edge 89 of this side panel, as shown in FIG. 8.
Each of panels 78--81 is slightly wider than the corresponding
panels 23--26 so that the box 22 formed from panels 78--81 can
closely receive box 21 formed from panels 23--26, as shown in FIG.
8. The vertical extent of panels 78--81 is only a fraction of that
of panels 23--26, as shown in FIG. 3 and as can be seen from a
comparison of FIGS. 1 and 2.
The lower end of rear panel 81 has a compound tab extension 87
including an upper portion 90 and a lower portion 91. Upper portion
90 is rectangular having the same width as rear panel 81 and joined
thereto along a horizontal fold line 92. Lower portion 91 is
connected to upper portion along horizontal fold line 93 and has
slightly downwardly convergently tapered side edges 94 and a
pointed free end part 95. The purpose of this compound tab 87 will
appear infra.
Rear panel 81 adjacent its lower end is shown as having a
horizontally elongated slot 96 of a length less than the width of
this panel between fold lines 85 and 86. Below this slot is a
second horizontally elongated slot 98 but of about twice the width
of slot 96 and arranged with about equal portions above and below
fold line 92.
Means are provided for closing the lower end of outer box 22, the
same including a first cover flap 99 and a second cover flap 100.
Flap 99 forms an extension of the lower end of side panel 79 and is
connected thereto along a horizontal fold line 101. The edge 102 of
this cover flap 99 adjacent fold line 83 is shown as being slightly
offset laterally thereof in a direction inwardly of side panel 79.
The opposite edge 103 of flap 99 is shown as extending downwardly
from the lower end of edge 89 at an angle of about 45.degree. and
directed inwardly of this flap for a portion of the length thereof.
At the termination of this angled edge 103, flap 99 is formed with
a tongue part 104 which extends laterally toward the free edge 89
of side panel 79. This flap 99 is also shown as formed with a
C-shaped slit 105 adjacent the juncture of fold line 101 and edge
102.
Cover flap 100 is an extension of side panel 80 and is connected
thereto along a horizontal fold line 106. The edge 108 of this flap
adjacent fold line 84 is slightly offset laterally thereof in a
direction inwardly of side panel 80. Edge 108 is interrupted
adjacent its lower end to provide a locking tab 109 adapted to be
inserted in slit 105 in the other cover flap 99. The opposite edge
of this flap 100, or the one adjacent fold line 85, is shown having
a portion indicated at 110 extending downwardly from the lower end
of fold line 85 at an angle of about 45.degree. and directed
inwardly of this flap for a portion of the length thereof. The
extent of this angled edge 110 is about the same as that for the
angled edge 103 on the other cover flap 99. At the lower
termination of angled edge 110, the flap edge indicated at 111
continues in a direction generally parallel to opposite edge
108.
Upwardly of fold lines 101 and 106, front panel 78 is cut
horizontally between fold lines 83 and 84 to leave a horizontal
edge 112. Intermediate these fold lines and below edge 112 is a
vertical slit 113 thereby to provide a pair of doors 114 and 115.
Door 114 is hinged along its outer vertical edge or a portion of
fold line 83. The other door 115 is hinged along its outer vertical
edge or along a portion of fold line 84. Door 114 is defined along
its lower horizontal edge by a fold line 116 which is arranged
slightly below fold lines 101 and 106. Connected to this door 114
as an extension thereof along a horizontal fold line 116 is an
attaching tab 118 having a hole 119 extending therethrough. The
side edges of this attaching tab are inclined as shown. A similar
attaching tab 120 having a hole 121 therethrough is integrally
connected to the other door 115 along horizontal fold line 122
which is also slightly below fold lines 101 and 106. The height of
doors 114 and 115 between aligned fold lines 116 and 122 and edge
112 is slightly greater than the vertical distance of the lower
horizontal edge 60 of front panel 23 of blank 21B above aligned
fold lines 61 and 62 thereof.
When the dispenser is assembled, the ends of an elastic cord 123
are severally connected to attaching tabs 118 and 120 for doors 114
and 115. For this purpose, the ends of this cord extend severally
through holes 119 and 121 and each end has a metal anchor bar 124
crimped to the cord. Bar 124 extends generally transversely of the
cord and is adapted to bear against the outer surface of the
corresponding attaching tab 118 or 120 and prevents withdrawal of
the cord. The function of the elastic cord will be explained more
fully infra.
Considered now will be FIGS. 10 through 15 which illustrate a
sequence for closing the lower ends of the telescoped boxes 21 and
22, the lower end portion of inner box 21 having been previously
inserted into outer box 22 so that fold lines 61 and 62 on the side
panels 24 and 25 of this inner box are substantially at the level
of fold lines 101 and 106 on this outer box, as shown in FIG.
10.
Compound tab 87 is now swung forwardly along fold line 92 so that
the upper portion 90 of this tab is horizontal and its lower
surface is substantially at the level of fold lines 61 and 62 for
locking tabs 66 and 68, as shown in FIG. 11.
Next, as shown in FIG. 12, locking tabs 66 and 68 are folded
inwardly toward each other about their respective fold lines 61 and
62 into a horizontal position so as to lie against the bottom
surface of the upper portion 90 of now horizontally disposed
compound tab 87.
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the end portion 91 of compound tab 87 is
folded back along fold line 93 to a horizontal position below
inturned horizontal locking tabs 66 and 68.
Thereafter, as can be determined from FIG. 14, cover flap 99 is
folded along line 101 into a horizontal position underlying the
lower portion 91 of compound tab 87. Then the other cover flap 100
is folded along line 106 into a horizontal position overlapping
cover flap 99. The locking tab 109 is inserted into slit 105 so as
to join the locking flaps together. It will be noted that tongue
104 on now upper cover flap 99 is exposed behind the edge portion
111 of the other and now lower cover flap 100 and that the side
edges of this tongue cooperate with the inclined edges 103 and 110
of the cover flaps to provide two crotches indicated at 125 and 126
in FIG. 14.
In FIGS. 10 through 14, doors 114 and 115 are shown open or
projecting substantially perpendicularly outwardly from front wall
78. It will be noted that the lower edge 60 of front panel 23 of
inner box 21 is slightly below the lower edge 112 of front panel 78
of outer box 22 so as to expose a marginal portion of the panel 23
indicated at 128. The doors 114 and 115 when closed abut this
marginal portion 128 and are thereby prevented from entering into
the interior of the container.
The intermediate section of elastic cord 123 is now placed over the
exposed portion of tongue 104 so that the cord is caught in the
crotches 125 and 126, as shown in FIG. 15. This disposition of the
cord 123 stretches the same and causes the attaching flanges 118
and 120 on the doors 114 and 115, respectively, to bend about their
fold lines 116 and 122, respectively, to a substantially horizontal
position, as depicted in FIG. 14. As there shown, the doors 114 and
115 are closed and spring loaded against the stop surface provided
by marginal portion 128. When closed, these doors cover an exit or
discharge opening indicated at 129 provided by cutout portion 63 in
the front panel 23 of inner box 21.
The container 20 is shown in vertical section in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Arranged within this container are a plurality of superimposed
articles. Assuming the dispenser is adapted for dispensing surgical
scrubber sponges, each article is such a sponge and typically
represented by the letter S. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, it will be
noted that the lowermost sponge S is opposite exit or discharge
opening 129.
Projector means are provided for pushing an article such as the
lowermost sponge S against doors 114 and 115 and through the
discharge opening 129 in the container normally closed by such
doors, upon relative movement between the container and the
projector means. While such projector means may be variously
constructed, the same is shown as including a U-shaped strap member
130 having an upper horizontal actuator element or strut 131
extending through upper slot 96 in rear panel 81 and recess 73, a
lower actuator element or strut 132 extending through lower slot 98
in rear panel and recess 73, and a vertical web element 133
integrally connected to the front ends of actuator elements 131 and
132. The rear end of lower actuator element 132 abuts wall W. The
length of actuator elements 131 and 132 is less than the spacing
between the front and rear walls of container 20.
The projector member 130 is shown attached to wall W. For this
purpose, the rear end of upper actuator element 131 is shown as
having an integral vertical web 134 provided with an inverted
T-shaped slot 135. For mounting this web on wall W another bracket
member 136, similar to the one 54 previously described, is
provided. Bracket 136 thus includes a base plate 138 preferably
adhesively attachable to the surface of wall W. Outstanding from
this base plate is a vertical rib 139 and extending crosswise of
the outer edge of this vertical rib is a retainer plate 140 having
wing portions which overlap the portions of the web adjacent the
upright narrow portion of inverted T-slot 135, as shown in FIG.
7.
Means interposed between the supporting wall W and the container 20
for yieldingly holding the lower end of the container away from the
wall are provided. Preferably as shown, such means are formed
integrally with the projection member 30. Accordingly, the upper
edge of mounting web 134 is shown as continued in the form of a
forwardly and upwardly extending leaf spring 141, the free end
portion of which bears against rear panel 81 of the container.
Preferably, the combined leaf spring and projector member so
provided is formed as a one-piece device 137 of suitable plastic
material.
Referring to FIG. 4, it will be seen that leaf spring 141 urges the
lower end portion of the container 20 away from the wall W, such
outward position being limited by engagement of the rear surface of
the projector web part 133 engaging the front or inner surface of
the bar portion of rear panel 81 of the outer box 22 intermediate
slots 96 and 98 therein.
The operation of the dispenser is readily apparent. Assuming the
container 20 has therein a plurality of superimposed articles such
as sponges S and with the container disposed in the inclined
position relative to the wall as depicted in FIG. 4 in which
position the doors 114 and 115 are closed and the projector web
part 133 is arranged behind the lowermost sponge S, it will be seen
that a person desiring a sponge presses his elbow against the front
wall of the container above doors 114 and 115 at the target area
indicated at 142 in FIG. 3, the force thereby applied being
represented by the arrow 143 in FIG. 5. This swings the container
about the hinge axis 48 provided by the compound hinge tab 43 so
that relative movement between the lower end of the container and
the projector member 130 occurs. This projector member remains
stationary as the container swings rearwardly over it. The
consequence of this is that the lower most sponge S is pushed by
the web element 133 against the inside of the doors 114 and 115 so
as to swing them open against the urging of elastic cord 123, as
depicted in FIG. 5.
It will be seen that the lowermost sponge S is only partially
projected from the container 20 and the front edge of this sponge
extends forwardly of the front edges of the now open doors 114 and
115. Release of the operating force represented by the arrow 143
will cause leaf spring 141 to restore the container from the
position shown in FIG. 5 to that shown in FIG. 4 insofar as its
angular position is concerned. However, if the sponge has not as
yet been removed, the same will still be clamped between these
doors which are spring loaded toward a closed position. Thus the
user can grasp the exposed portion of the sponge and remove it
completely from the container, touching only the sponge and without
touching any portion of the container. Thereupon the doors 114 and
115 close automatically under the urging of elastic cord 123.
Upon complete removal of the lowermost sponge and with the
container 20 restored to its ready position depicted in FIG. 4, it
will be seen that the stack of sponges within the container will
drop down so that another sponge assumes the lowermost position
immediately in front of the projector web elements 133.
When all of the articles within the container have been dispensed,
the container can be removed from the supporting brackets 54 and
136 by lifting the container upwardly to free the hinge tab 43 from
the upper bracket and also by lifting the mounting web 134 from the
lower bracket.
When the dispenser is utilized for dispensing surgical scrubber
sponges, the container 20 including the projector and spring device
137 are confined in a sealed plastic bag which is processed in a
well-known manner so as to sterilize all the contents of the bag
including the sponges inside the container.
To replace an emptied container which may be disposed of, a loaded
container is removed from its bag, the hinge tab 43 thereof mounted
on upper bracket 54 and the attaching web 134 mounted on lower
bracket 136. This is achieved by first inserting the retainer
plates of the brackets through the horizontal portions of the
T-holes 53 and 135 and then slipping the vertical portions of these
holes over the bracket ribs. The fresh container is then ready for
use.
It will be noted that the vertical spacing between brackets 54 and
136 is such as to correspond with the vertical spacing between
T-holes 53 and 135. For initially positioning these brackets, a
template (not shown) may be provided by the supplier of the
containers.
* * * * *