U.S. patent number 11,105,631 [Application Number 16/143,706] was granted by the patent office on 2021-08-31 for physical quantity sensor, inertia measurement device, vehicle positioning device, portable electronic apparatus, electronic apparatus, and vehicle.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Seiko Epson Corporation. The grantee listed for this patent is Seiko Epson Corporation. Invention is credited to Takayuki Kikuchi, Kazuyuki Nagata.
United States Patent |
11,105,631 |
Nagata , et al. |
August 31, 2021 |
Physical quantity sensor, inertia measurement device, vehicle
positioning device, portable electronic apparatus, electronic
apparatus, and vehicle
Abstract
A physical quantity sensor includes a drive vibrator, a
detection vibrator, and an elastic deformation portion disposed
between the drive vibrator and the detection vibrator and
elastically deformable along a first axis in which the drive
vibrator and the detection vibrator are aligned, in plan view, and
in which the drive vibrator and the detection vibrator vibrate in
reverse phases along the first axis. The drive vibrator and the
detection vibrator vibrating alternately repeat approaching and
separating from each other along the first axis.
Inventors: |
Nagata; Kazuyuki (Minowa,
JP), Kikuchi; Takayuki (Chino, JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Seiko Epson Corporation |
Tokyo |
N/A |
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
Seiko Epson Corporation
(N/A)
|
Family
ID: |
1000005775865 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/143,706 |
Filed: |
September 27, 2018 |
Prior Publication Data
|
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|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20190101391 A1 |
Apr 4, 2019 |
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
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|
|
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Sep 29, 2017 [JP] |
|
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JP2017-189559 |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01C
19/5747 (20130101); G01C 19/5649 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G01C
19/5747 (20120101); G01C 19/5649 (20120101) |
Field of
Search: |
;73/504.12 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Woodward; Nathaniel T
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Harness, Dickey & Pierce,
P.L.C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A physical quantity sensor comprising: a substrate; a first
drive vibrator that faces the substrate; a first detection vibrator
that faces the substrate; a first elastic deformation portion that
is disposed between the first drive vibrator and the first
detection vibrator and is elastically deformable along a first axis
in which the first drive vibrator and the first detection vibrator
are aligned, in a plan view; a second drive vibrator that faces the
substrate; a second detection vibrator that faces the substrate;
and a second elastic deformation portion that is disposed between
the second drive vibrator and the second detection vibrator and is
elastically deformable along the first axis in which the second
drive vibrator and the second detection vibrator are aligned, in
the plan view, wherein the first drive vibrator and the first
detection vibrator vibrate in reverse phases to each other along
the first axis, and the second drive vibrator and the second
detection vibrator vibrate in reverse phases to each other along
the first axis.
2. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first drive vibrator and the first detection vibrator vibrate so as
to repeatedly approach and separate from each other along the first
axis, and the second drive vibrator and the second detection
vibrator vibrate so as to repeatedly approach and separate from
each other along the first axis.
3. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein a
mass of the first drive vibrator and a mass of the first detection
vibrator are different.
4. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein a
mass of the first drive vibrator is smaller than a mass of the
first detection vibrator.
5. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein an
amplitude of the first detection vibrator vibrating along the first
axis is larger than an amplitude of the first drive vibrator
vibrating along the first axis.
6. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first elastic deformation portion includes an elastic deformation
portion main body, a first beam connecting the elastic deformation
portion main body and the first drive vibrator, and a second beam
connecting the elastic deformation portion main body and the first
detection vibrator.
7. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 6, wherein the
elastic deformation portion main body includes a first arm of which
a longitudinal direction is along a second axis orthogonal to the
first axis and which is elastically deformable along the first
axis, a second arm of which a longitudinal direction is along the
second axis, which is disposed to be spaced apart from the first
arm by a gap along the first axis, and which is elastically
deformable along the first axis, a first connection portion
connecting one end sides of the first arm and the second arm with
each other, and a second connection portion connecting the other
end sides of the first arm and the second arm with each other.
8. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 6, wherein the
first elastic deformation portion includes a plurality of the
elastic deformation portion main bodies disposed in series.
9. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein a
plurality of the first elastic deformation portions are
provided.
10. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first elastic deformation portion has a spring shape.
11. An inertia measurement device comprising: the physical quantity
sensor according to claim 1; and a control circuit which controls
driving of the physical quantity sensor.
12. A vehicle positioning device comprising: the inertia
measurement device according to claim 11; a reception unit that
receives a satellite signal on which position information is
superimposed from a positioning satellite; an acquisition unit that
acquires position information of the reception unit based on the
received satellite signal; a computation unit that computes an
attitude of the vehicle based on inertia data output from the
inertia measurement device; and a calculation unit that calculates
a position of the vehicle by correcting the position information
based on the calculated attitude.
13. A portable electronic apparatus comprising: the physical
quantity sensor according to claim 1; a case that accommodates the
physical quantity sensor; a processing unit that is accommodated in
the case and processes output data from the physical quantity
sensor; a display that is accommodated in the case; and a
translucent cover that covers an opening of the case.
14. An electronic apparatus comprising: the physical quantity
sensor according to claim 1; a control circuit; and a correction
circuit.
15. A vehicle comprising: the physical quantity sensor according to
claim 1; and an attitude control unit.
16. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first detection vibrator and the second detection vibrator are
connected via a connection spring.
17. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first detection vibrator and the second detection vibrator vibrate
in reverse phases to each other along the first axis.
18. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first drive vibrator and the second detection vibrator vibrate in
phase with each other along the first axis.
19. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first detection vibrator has a movable monitor electrode with
electrode fingers.
20. The physical quantity sensor according to claim 1, wherein the
first detection vibrator has a movable detection electrode with
electrode fingers.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This nonprovisional application claims the benefit of Japanese
Patent Application No. 2017-189559 filed Sep. 29, 2017, the entire
disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a physical quantity sensor, an
inertia measurement device, a vehicle positioning device, a
portable electronic apparatus, an electronic apparatus, and a
vehicle.
2. Related Art
For example, an angular velocity sensor disclosed in US Patent
Application Publication No. 2011/0132087 includes a support
substrate and an element portion supported by the support
substrate. The element portion includes a drive portion that
vibrates in the X-axis direction and a detection portion that
vibrates in the X-axis direction together with the drive portion
and vibrates also in the Z-axis direction when angular velocity
around the Y-axis is applied.
However, in the angular velocity sensor described in US Patent
Application Publication No. 2011/0132087, since the drive portion
and the detection portion are connected by a beam, the drive
portion and the detection portion vibrate in the same phase in the
X-axis direction. For that reason, vibration leakage to the support
substrate is liable to become large, and a Q value of the physical
quantity sensor is reduced by an amount corresponding to vibration
leakage.
SUMMARY
An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to provide a
physical quantity sensor capable of reducing a decrease in Q value,
an inertia measurement device, a vehicle positioning device, a
portable electronic apparatus, an electronic apparatus, and a
vehicle.
The invention can be implemented as the following
configurations.
A physical quantity sensor according to an aspect of the invention
includes a drive vibrator, a detection vibrator, and an elastic
deformation portion disposed between the drive vibrator and the
detection vibrator and elastically deformable in a first direction
in which the drive vibrator and the detection vibrator are aligned,
in a plan view, and in which the drive vibrator and the detection
vibrator vibrate in reverse phases in the first direction.
With this configuration, vibrations of the drive vibrator and the
detection vibrator are canceled, and vibration leakage is reduced.
For that reason, a physical quantity sensor capable of reducing a
decrease in Q value is obtained.
In the physical quantity sensor, the drive vibrator and the
detection vibrator may vibrate so as to alternately repeat
approaching and separating from each other.
With this configuration, vibrations of the drive vibrator and the
detection vibrator are canceled, and vibration leakage is
reduced.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that a mass of
the drive vibrator and a mass of the detection vibrator are
different.
With this configuration, amplitude of the detection vibrator can be
easily adjusted.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the mass of
the drive vibrator is smaller than the mass of the detection
vibrator.
With this configuration, it is possible to effectively increase an
amplitude of the detection vibrator.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that an amplitude
of the detection vibrator vibrating in the first direction is
larger than an amplitude of the drive vibrator vibrating in the
first direction.
With this configuration, detection sensitivity of a physical
quantity is improved.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the elastic
deformation portion includes an elastic deformation portion main
body, a first beam connecting the elastic deformation portion main
body and the drive vibrator, and a second beam connecting the
elastic deformation portion main body and the detection
vibrator.
With this configuration, the configuration of the elastic
deformation portion becomes relatively simple.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the elastic
deformation portion main body includes a first arm of which a
longitudinal direction is along a second direction orthogonal to
the first direction and which is elastically deformable in the
first direction, a second arm of which a longitudinal direction is
along the second direction, which is disposed to be spaced apart
from the first arm by a gap in the first direction, and which is
elastically deformable in the first direction, a first connection
portion connecting one end sides of the first arm and the second
arm with each other, and a second connection portion connecting the
other end sides of the first arm and the second arm with each
other.
With this configuration, the configuration of the elastic
deformation portion main body becomes relatively simple.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the elastic
deformation portion includes a plurality of the elastic deformation
portion main bodies disposed in series.
With this configuration, the amplitude of the detection vibrator
can be increased.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the physical
quantity sensor includes a plurality of the elastic deformation
portions.
With this configuration, stress concentration on a connection
portion between a spring and the detection vibrator and a
connection portion between the spring and the drive vibrator is
alleviated. For that reason, impact resistance can be enhanced.
In the physical quantity sensor, it is preferable that the elastic
deformation portion has a spring shape.
With this configuration, the configuration of the elastic
deformation portion becomes simple.
An inertia measurement device according to another aspect of the
invention includes the physical quantity sensor according to the
aspect of the invention and a control circuit that controls driving
of the physical quantity sensor.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the effect of the
physical quantity sensor and to obtain an inertia measurement
device with high reliability.
A vehicle positioning device according to another aspect of the
invention includes the inertia measurement device according to the
aspect of the invention, a reception unit that receives a satellite
signal on which position information is superimposed from a
positioning satellite, an acquisition unit that acquires position
information of the reception unit based on the received satellite
signal, a computation unit that computes an attitude of the vehicle
based on inertia data output from the inertia measurement device,
and a calculation unit that calculates a position of the vehicle by
correcting the position information based on the calculated
attitude.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the effect of the
inertia measurement device and to obtain a vehicle positioning
device with high reliability.
A portable electronic apparatus according to another aspect of the
invention includes the physical quantity sensor according to the
aspect of the invention, a case that accommodates the physical
quantity sensor, a processing unit that is accommodated in the case
and processes output data from the physical quantity sensor, a
display that is accommodated in the case, and a translucent cover
that covers an opening of the case.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the effect of the
physical quantity sensor and to obtain a portable electronic
apparatus with high reliability.
An electronic apparatus according to another aspect of the
invention includes the physical quantity sensor according to the
aspect of the invention, a control circuit, and a correction
circuit.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the effect of the
physical quantity sensor and to obtain an electronic apparatus with
high reliability.
A vehicle according to another aspect of the invention includes the
physical quantity sensor according to the aspect of the invention
and an attitude control unit.
With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the effect of the
physical quantity sensor and to obtain a vehicle with high
reliability.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying
drawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements.
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a physical quantity sensor
according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG.
1.
FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating an element portion included in
the physical quantity sensor of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a reverse phase spring included
in the element portion of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is another enlarged plan view of the reverse phase spring
included in the element portion of FIG. 3.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vibration mode of
the element portion illustrated in FIG. 3.
FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating an element portion used for
comparison of Q values.
FIG. 8 is another plan view illustrating the element portion used
for comparison of Q values.
FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a physical
quantity sensor according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a fifth embodiment.
FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of an inertia measurement
device according to a seventh embodiment.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a substrate included in the
inertia measurement device illustrated in FIG. 14.
FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an overall system of a
vehicle positioning device according to an eighth embodiment of the
invention.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the vehicle
positioning device illustrated in FIG. 16.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to a ninth embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to a tenth embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to an eleventh embodiment.
FIG. 21 is a plan view illustrating a portable electronic apparatus
according to a twelfth embodiment.
FIG. 22 is a functional block diagram illustrating a schematic
configuration of the portable electronic apparatus illustrated in
FIG. 21.
FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating a vehicle according to a
thirteenth embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, a physical quantity sensor, an inertia measurement
device, a vehicle positioning device, a portable electronic
apparatus, an electronic apparatus, and a vehicle according to the
invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
First Embodiment
First, a physical quantity sensor according to a first embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a physical quantity sensor
according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view
taken along line A-A in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view illustrating
an element portion included in the physical quantity sensor of FIG.
1. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are enlarged plan views of a reverse phase
spring included in the element portion of FIG. 3, respectively.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vibration mode of
the element portion illustrated in FIG. 3. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are
plan views illustrating an element portion used for comparison of Q
values, respectively. In each drawing, the X-axis, Y-axis, and
Z-axis are illustrated as three axes orthogonal to each other. A
direction parallel to the X-axis is referred to as an "X-axis
direction", a direction parallel to the Y-axis is referred to as a
"Y-axis direction", and a direction parallel to the Z-axis is
referred to as a "Z-axis direction". The tip end side of the arrow
of each axis is also called "plus side", and the side opposite to
the tip end side is also called "minus side". In addition, the plus
side in the Z-axis direction is also referred to as "upper", and
the minus side in the Z-axis direction is also referred to as
"lower".
A physical quantity sensor 1 illustrated in FIG. is an angular
velocity sensor capable of detecting an angular velocity .omega.z
around the Z-axis. The physical quantity sensor 1 includes a
substrate 2, a lid 3, and an element portion 4.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the substrate 2 is formed in a plate
shape having a rectangular plan view shape. The substrate 2
includes a concave portion 21 which opens to the upper surface. The
concave portion 21 functions as a relief portion for preventing
(suppressing) contact between the element portion 4 and the
substrate 2. The substrate 2 includes a plurality of mounts 22
(221, 222, 223, 224, and 225) protruding from the bottom surface of
the concave portion 21. The element portion 4 is bonded to the
upper surface of these mounts 22. With this configuration, the
element portion 4 can be fixed to the substrate 2 in a state where
contact with the substrate 2 is prevented. The substrate 2 includes
grooves 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 which open to the upper
surface.
As the substrate 2, for example, a glass substrate composed of
glass materials (for example, borosilicate glass such as Tempax
glass (registered trademark), Pyrex glass (registered trademark))
containing movable ions (alkali metal ions, hereinafter represented
by Na+) such as sodium ions (Na+), lithium ions (Li+) or the like
can be used. With this configuration, for example, as will be
described later, the substrate 2 and the element portion 4 can be
subjected to anode bonding to be firmly bonded. Further, since the
substrate 2 having light transmitting property can be obtained, the
state of the element portion 4 can be visually recognized from the
outside of the physical quantity sensor 1 via the substrate 2.
However, the constituent material of the substrate 2 is not
particularly limited, and a silicon substrate, a ceramic substrate,
or the like may be used.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, wirings 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 78 are
disposed in the grooves 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28, respectively.
The wirings 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and are electrically connected to
the element portion 4, respectively. One end portions of the
wirings 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 78 are exposed to the outside of
the lid 3, respectively, and function as electrode pads P that make
electrical connection with external devices, respectively.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the lid 3 is in a form of a plate shape
having a rectangular plan view shape. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the
lid 3 includes a concave portion 31 which opens to the lower
surface. The lid 3 is bonded to the upper surface of the substrate
2 so as to accommodate the element portion 4 in the concave portion
31. An accommodation space S for accommodating the element portion
4 is formed inside the lid 3 and the substrate 2.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the lid 3 includes a communication hole
32 that communicates between the inside and the outside of the
accommodation space S. For that reason, it is possible to replace
the accommodation space S with a desired atmosphere via the
communication hole 32. A sealing member 33 is disposed in the
communication hole 32, and the communication hole 32 is
hermetically sealed by the sealing member 33. It is preferable that
the accommodation space S is in a reduced pressure state,
particularly in a vacuum state. With this configuration, the
viscous resistance decreases, and the element portion 4 can vibrate
efficiently.
As such a lid 3, for example, a silicon substrate can be used.
However, the lid 3 is not particularly limited, and for example, a
glass substrate or a ceramic substrate may be used. Although a
method of bonding the substrate 2 and the lid 3 is not particularly
limited and may be appropriately selected depending on materials of
the substrate 2 and the lid 3, for example, anodic bonding, active
bonding for bonding the bonding surfaces activated by plasma
irradiation, bonding with a bonding material such as glass frit,
and diffusion bonding for bonding the metal films formed on the
upper surface of the substrate 2 and the lower surface of the lid 3
and the like are included. In the first embodiment, the substrate 2
and the lid 3 are bonded via a glass frit 39 (low melting point
glass).
The element portion 4 is disposed in the accommodation space S and
is bonded to the upper surface of the mount 22. The element portion
4 can be formed by patterning a conductive silicon substrate doped
with impurities such as phosphorus (P), boron (B) or the like, by a
dry etching method (silicon deep etching). Hereinafter, the element
portion 4 will be described in detail. In the following
description, a straight line intersecting the center O of the
element portion 4 and extending in the Y-axis direction in plan
view from the Z-axis direction is also referred to as an "imaginary
straight line .alpha.".
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the shape of the element portion 4 is
symmetrical with respect to an imaginary straight line .alpha.. The
element portion 4 includes drive portions 41A and 41B disposed on
both sides of the imaginary straight line .alpha.. The drive
portion 41A includes a comb teeth-shaped movable drive electrode
411A and a fixed drive electrode 412A which is in the form of a
comb teeth shape and is disposed so as to be engaged with the comb
teeth-shaped movable drive electrode 411A. Similarly, the drive
portion 41B includes a comb teeth-shaped movable drive electrode
411B and a fixed drive electrode 412B which is in the form of a
comb teeth shape and is disposed so as to be engaged with the comb
teeth-shaped movable drive electrode 411B.
The fixed drive electrode 412A is positioned outside (side far from
the imaginary straight line .alpha.) the movable drive electrode
411A, and the fixed drive electrode 412B is positioned outside
(side far from the imaginary straight line .alpha.) the movable
drive electrode 411B. The fixed drive electrodes 412A and 412B are
bonded to the upper surface of the mount 221, respectively, and are
fixed to the substrate 2. The movable drive electrodes 411A and
411B are electrically connected to the wiring 73, respectively, and
the fixed drive electrodes 412A and 412B are electrically connected
to the wiring 74, respectively.
The element portion 4 includes four fixed portions 42A disposed
around the drive portion 41A and four fixed portions 42B disposed
around the drive portion 41B. Each of the fixed portions 42A and
42B is bonded to the upper surface of the mount 222 and fixed to
the substrate 2.
The element portion 4 includes four drive springs 43A for
connecting the respective fixed portions 42A and the movable drive
electrode 411A and four drive springs 43B for connecting the fixed
portions 42B and the movable drive electrode 411B. Each of the
drive springs 43A is elastically deformed in the X-axis direction
so that displacement of the movable drive electrode 411A in the
X-axis direction is permitted and each of the drive springs 43B is
elastically deformed in the X-axis direction so that displacement
of the movable drive electrode 411B in the X-axis direction is
permitted.
When a driving voltage is applied between the movable drive
electrodes 411A and 411B and the fixed drive electrodes 412A and
412B via the wirings 73 and 74, electrostatic attractive forces are
generated between the movable drive electrode 411A and the fixed
drive electrode 412A and between the movable drive electrode 411B
and the fixed drive electrode 412B, the movable drive electrode
411A vibrates in the X-axis direction while elastically deforming
the drive spring 43A in the X-axis direction, and the movable drive
electrode 411B vibrates in the X-axis direction while elastically
deforming the drive spring 43B in the X-axis direction. Since the
drive portions 41A and 41B are disposed symmetrically with respect
to the imaginary straight line .alpha., the movable drive
electrodes 411A and 411B vibrate in reverse phases in the X-axis
direction so as to alternately repeat approaching and separating
from each other. For that reason, vibrations of the movable drive
electrodes 411A and 411B are canceled, and vibration leakage can be
reduced. In the following description, this vibration mode is also
referred to as a "drive vibration mode".
In the physical quantity sensor 1 of the first embodiment, although
an electrostatic drive method in which the drive vibration mode is
excited by electrostatic attractive force is used, the method of
exciting the drive vibration mode is not particularly limited, and
examples thereof include a piezoelectric drive method, an
electromagnetic drive method using a Lorentz force of a magnetic
field, and the like can also be applied.
The element portion 4 includes detection portions 44A and 44B
disposed between the drive portions 41A and 41B. The detection
portion 44A includes a movable detection electrode 441A which is
provided with a plurality of electrode fingers disposed in a comb
teeth shape and fixed detection electrodes 442A and 443A which are
disposed to engage with the electrode fingers of the movable
detection electrode 441A provided with the plurality of electrode
fingers disposed in a comb teeth shape. The fixed detection
electrodes 442A and 443A are disposed to be aligned in the Y-axis
direction, the fixed detection electrode 442A is positioned on the
plus side in the Y-axis direction and the fixed detection electrode
443A is positioned on the minus side in the Y-axis direction with
respect to the center of the movable detection electrode 441A. The
fixed detection electrodes 442A and 443A are disposed in pairs so
as to sandwich the movable detection electrodes 441A from both
sides in the X-axis direction.
The movable detection electrode 441A has a different mass from the
movable drive electrode 411A. In the first embodiment, the mass of
the movable detection electrode 441A is larger than the mass of the
movable drive electrode 411A, but is not limited thereto, and the
mass of the movable detection electrode 441A may be equal to the
mass of the movable drive electrode 411A or may be smaller than the
mass of the movable drive electrode 411A.
The detection portion 44B includes a movable detection electrode
441B which is provided with a plurality of electrode fingers
disposed in a comb teeth shape and fixed detection electrodes 442B
and 443B which are disposed to engage with the electrode fingers of
the movable detection electrode 441B provided with the plurality of
electrode fingers disposed in a comb teeth shape. The fixed
detection electrodes 442B and 443B are disposed to be aligned in
the Y-axis direction, the fixed detection electrode 442B is
positioned on the plus side in the Y-axis direction and the fixed
detection electrode 443B is positioned on the minus side in the
Y-axis direction with respect to the center of the movable
detection electrode 441B. The fixed detection electrodes 442B and
443B are disposed in pairs so as to sandwich the movable detection
electrodes 441B from both sides in the X-axis direction.
The movable detection electrode 441B has a different mass from the
movable drive electrode 411B. In the first embodiment, the mass of
the movable detection electrode 441B is larger than the mass of the
movable drive electrode 411B, but is not limited thereto, and the
mass of the movable detection electrode 441B may be equal to the
mass of the movable drive electrode 411B or may be smaller than the
mass of the movable drive electrode 411B.
Each of the movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B is
electrically connected to the wiring 73, each of the fixed
detection electrodes 442A and 443B is electrically connected to the
wiring 75, and each of the fixed detection electrodes 443A and 442B
is electrically connected to the wiring 76. When the physical
quantity sensor 1 is driven, an electrostatic capacitance Ca is
formed between the movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed
detection electrode 442A and between the movable detection
electrode 441B and the fixed detection electrode 443B, and an
electrostatic capacitance Cb is formed between the movable
detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrode 443A and
between the movable detection electrode 441B and the fixed
detection electrode 442B.
The element portion 4 includes two fixed portions 451 and 452
disposed between the detection portions 44A and 44B. The fixed
portions 451 and 452 are respectively bonded to the upper surface
of the mount 224 and fixed to the substrate 2. The fixed portions
451 and 452 are aligned in the Y-axis direction and is disposed to
be spaced apart from each other. In the first embodiment, the
movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B and the movable detection
electrodes 441A and 441B are electrically connected to the wiring
73 via the fixed portions 451 and 452.
The element portion 4 includes four detection springs 46A for
connecting the movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed
portions 42A, 451, and 452, and four detection springs 46B for
connecting the movable detection electrode 441B and the fixed
portions 42B, 451, and 452. Each of the detection springs 46A is
elastically deformed in the X-axis direction so that displacement
of the movable detection electrode 441A in the X-axis direction is
permitted and each of the detection springs 46A is elastically
deformed in the Y-axis direction so that displacement of the
movable detection electrode 441A in the Y-axis direction is
permitted. Similarly, each of the detection springs 46B is
elastically deformed in the X-axis direction so that displacement
of the movable detection electrode 441B in the X-axis direction is
permitted and each of the detection springs 46B is elastically
deformed in the Y-axis direction so that displacement of the
movable detection electrode 441B in the Y-axis direction is
permitted.
The element portion 4 includes a reverse phase spring 47A which is
positioned between the drive portion 41A and the detection portion
44A and connects the movable drive electrode 411A and the movable
detection electrode 441A, and a reverse phase spring 47B which is
positioned between the drive portion 41B and the detection portion
44B and connects the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable
detection electrode 441B. The reverse phase spring 47A is
elastically deformed in the X-axis direction, so that the movable
detection electrode 441A can be displaced in the X-axis direction
with respect to the movable drive electrode 411A. Similarly, the
reverse phase spring 47B is elastically deformed in the X-axis
direction, so that the movable detection electrode 441B can be
displaced in the X-axis direction with respect to the movable drive
electrode 411B.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the reverse phase spring 47A includes a
spring main body 471A, a beam 477A connecting the spring main body
471A and the movable drive electrode 411A, and a beam 478A
connecting the spring main body 471A and the movable detection
electrode 441A. The spring main body 471A includes an arm 472A
which has a shape extending in the Y-axis direction and elastically
deformable in the X-axis direction and an arm 473A which has a
shape extending in the Y-axis direction and elastically deformable
in the X-axis direction. The arms 472A and 473A are disposed to be
spaced apart by a gap in the X-axis direction, the beam 477A is
connected to the central portion of the arm 472A, and the beam 478A
is connected to the central portion of the arm 473A. The spring
main body 471A includes a connection portion 474A connecting one
ends of the arms 472A and 473A to each other and a connection
portion 475A connecting the other ends of the arms 472A, 473A to
each other. Accordingly, the spring main body 471A has a frame-like
shape with a central portion opened.
As illustrated in FIG. 5, the reverse phase spring 47B has the same
configuration as that of the reverse phase spring 47A, and includes
a spring main body 471B, a beam 477B connecting the spring main
body 471B and the movable drive electrode 411B, and a beam 478B
connecting the spring main body 471B and the movable detection
electrode 441B.
Here, as illustrated in FIG. 6, in the drive vibration mode, since
vibration of the movable drive electrode 411A is transmitted to the
movable detection electrode 441A via the reverse phase spring 47A,
the movable detection electrode 441A vibrates in the X-axis
direction in conjunction with vibration of the movable drive
electrode 411A. Similarly, since vibration of the movable drive
electrode 411B is transmitted to the movable detection electrode
441B via the reverse phase spring 47B, the movable detection
electrode 441B vibrates in the X-axis direction in conjunction with
the vibration of the movable drive electrode 411B. As described
above, since the movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B vibrate in
reverse phases in the X-axis direction, the movable detection
electrodes 441A and 441B also vibrate in reverse phases in the
X-axis direction so as to alternately repeat approaching and
separating from each other. For that reason, the vibrations of the
movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B are canceled, and
vibration leakage to the substrate 2 can be reduced.
Furthermore, in the drive vibration mode, the movable detection
electrode 441A vibrates in reverse phase in the X-axis direction so
as to alternately repeat approaching and separating from the
movable drive electrode 411A by using elastic deformation of the
reverse phase spring 47A. Similarly, the movable detection
electrode 441B vibrates in reverse phase in the X-axis direction so
as to alternately repeat approaching and separating from the
movable drive electrode 411B by using elastic deformation of the
reverse phase spring 47B. With this configuration, at least a
portion of the vibrations of the movable detection electrode 441A
and the movable drive electrode 411A is canceled and at least a
portion of the vibrations of the movable detection electrode 441B
and the movable drive electrode 411B is canceled. Accordingly, as
compared with a case where the movable detection electrode 441A and
the movable drive electrode 411A and the movable detection
electrode 441B and the movable drive electrode 411B vibrate in the
same phase, it is possible to more effectively reduce vibration
leakage to the substrate 2. In order to vibrate the movable
detection electrode 441A and the movable drive electrode 411A in
reverse phases in the drive vibration mode, for example, the spring
constant of the reverse phase spring 47A positioned therebetween
may be adjusted, and in order to vibrate the movable detection
electrode 441B and the movable drive electrode 411B in reverse
phases, for example, the spring constant of the reverse phase
spring 47B positioned therebetween may be adjusted.
The larger the difference between the resonance frequency f1 in the
reverse phase mode in which the movable detection electrode 441A
and the movable drive electrode 411A, and the movable detection
electrode 441B and the movable drive electrode 411B vibrate in
reverse phases, respectively, and the resonance frequency f2 in the
in-phase mode in which the movable detection electrode 441A and the
movable drive electrode 411A, and the movable detection electrode
441B and the movable drive electrode 411B vibrate in the same
phase, respectively, the easier it is to vibrate in the reverse
phase mode, and the harder the in-phase mode is to be coupled (that
is, the reverse phase mode becomes dominant). Specifically, for
example, in a case where the resonance frequency f1 in the reverse
phase mode is about 30 kHz, the resonance frequency f2 in the
in-phase mode is preferably separated from the resonance frequency
by 3 kHz or more (that is, 10% or more). With this configuration,
it is difficult for the in-phase mode to be sufficiently coupled,
and it is possible to more stably drive in the reverse phase
mode.
The expression "vibrating the movable detection electrode 441A
(441B) and the movable drive electrode 411A (411B) in a reverse
phase" means not only the case where vibrations other than
vibration in the reverse phase mode are not coupled, but also the
case where if the reverse phase mode is dominant, other vibration
modes (for example, the in-phase mode described above) may be
coupled. Further, for example, not only the case where there is no
phase difference between vibrations of the movable detection
electrode 441A and the movable drive electrode 411A but also the
case where there is a phase difference between the vibrations are
included. The case where there is no phase difference means, for
example, that the time when the movable drive electrode 411A is
displaced to the plus side in the X-axis direction coincides with
the time when the movable detection electrode 441A displaces toward
the minus side in the X-axis direction. Further, the case where
there is a phase difference means, for example, that the movable
detection electrode 441A is displaced to the minus side in the
X-axis direction from the time after the time when the movable
drive electrode 411A is displaced to the plus side in the X-axis
direction.
When the angular velocity .omega.z is applied to the physical
quantity sensor 1 during driving in the drive vibration mode as
described above, the movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B
vibrate (this vibration is also referred to as "detection vibration
mode") in reverse phases in the Y-axis direction while elastically
deforming the detection springs 46A and 46B in the Y-axis direction
as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 6 by the Coriolis force. In the
detection vibration mode, since the movable detection electrodes
441A and 441B vibrate in the Y-axis direction, the gap between the
movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrodes
442A and 443A and the gap between the movable detection electrode
441B and the fixed detection electrodes 442B and 443B change and
the electrostatic capacitances Ca and Cb change, respectively,
accompanying the gap change. For that reason, the angular velocity
.omega.z can be obtained based on changes in the electrostatic
capacitances Ca and Cb.
In the detection vibration mode, when the electrostatic capacitance
Ca increases, the electrostatic capacitance Cb decreases, and on
the contrary, when the electrostatic capacitance Ca decreases, the
electrostatic capacitance Cb increases. For that reason, by
performing difference computation (subtraction processing: Ca-Cb)
between a detection signal (signal corresponding to magnitude of
the electrostatic capacitance Ca) output from a QV amplifier
connected to the wiring 75 and a detection signal (signal
corresponding to magnitude of the electrostatic capacitance Cb)
output from the QV amplifier connected to the wiring 76, noise can
be canceled, and the angular velocity .omega.z can be detected more
accurately.
Here, in the drive vibration mode, amplitude of the movable
detection electrode 441A becomes larger than amplitude of the
movable drive electrode 411A due to expansion and contraction of
the reverse phase spring 47A, and amplitude of the movable
detection electrode 441B becomes larger than amplitude of the
movable drive electrode 411B due to expansion and contraction of
the reverse phase spring 47B. For that reason, it is possible to
increase the amplitudes of the movable detection electrodes 441A
and 441B in the drive vibration mode, so that a larger Coriolis
force acts by an amount of amplitude increase. Accordingly,
detection sensitivity of the angular velocity .omega.z is improved.
Since the movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B can be
vibrated greatly with a small driving force, power consumption can
be reduced.
Further, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the element portion 4 includes a
frame 48 positioned at the center portion (between detection
portions 44A and 44B) thereof. The frame 48 has an "H" shape and
includes a defective portion 481 (concave portion) positioned on
the plus side in the Y-axis direction and a defective portion 482
(concave portion) positioned on the minus side in the Y-axis
direction. A fixed portion 451 is disposed inside and outside of
the defective portion 481, and the fixed portion 452 is disposed
inside and outside the defective portion 482. With this
configuration, the fixed portions 451 and 452 can be formed long in
the Y-axis direction, a bonding area with the substrate 2 is
increased correspondingly, and bonding strength between the
substrate 2 and the element portion 4 is increased.
The element portion 4 includes a frame spring 488 which is
positioned between the fixed portion 451 and the frame 48 and
connects these components, and a frame spring 489 which is
positioned between the fixed portion 452 and the frame 48 and
connects these components.
The element portion 4 includes a connection spring 40A which is
positioned between the frame 48 and the movable detection electrode
441A and connects these components and a connection spring 40B
which is positioned between the frame 48 and the movable detection
electrode 441B and connects these components. The connection spring
40A supports the movable detection electrode 441A together with the
detection spring 46A, and the connection spring 40B supports the
movable detection electrode 441B together with the detection spring
46B. For that reason, the movable detection electrodes 441A and
441B can be supported in a stable attitude, and unnecessary
vibration (spurious) of the movable detection electrodes 441A and
441B can be reduced.
In the drive vibration mode, the elastic deformation of the
connection springs 40A and 40B is performed so that vibration of
the movable bodies 4A and 4B is permitted, and in the detection
vibration mode, the connection springs 40A and 40B and the frame
springs 488 and 489 are elastically deformed and the frame 48 is
rotated about the center O, so that vibration of the movable
detection electrodes 441A and 441B in the Y-axis direction is
permitted.
The element portion 4 includes monitor portions 49A and 49B for
detecting vibration states of the movable drive electrodes 411A and
411B in the drive vibration mode. The monitor portion 49A includes
a movable monitor electrode 491A disposed on the movable detection
electrode 441A and provided with a plurality of electrode fingers
disposed in a comb teeth shape, and fixed monitor electrodes 492A
and 493A which are provided with a plurality of electrode fingers
disposed in a comb teeth shape and disposed to be engaged with the
electrode fingers of the movable monitor electrode 491A. The fixed
monitor electrode 492A is positioned on the plus side in the X-axis
direction with respect to the movable monitor electrode 491A and
the fixed monitor electrode 493A is positioned on the minus side in
the X-axis direction with respect to the movable monitor electrode
491A.
Similarly, the monitor portion 49B includes a movable monitor
electrode 491B disposed on the movable detection electrode 441B and
provided with a plurality of electrode fingers disposed in a comb
teeth shape, and fixed monitor electrodes 492B and 493B which are
provided with a plurality of electrode fingers disposed in a comb
teeth shape and disposed to be engaged with the electrode fingers
of the movable monitor electrode 491B. The fixed monitor electrode
492B is positioned on the minus side in the X-axis direction with
respect to the movable monitor electrode 491B and the fixed monitor
electrode 493B is positioned on the plus side in the X-axis
direction with respect to the movable monitor electrode 491B.
These fixed monitor electrodes 492A, 493A, 492B, and 493B are
bonded to the upper surface of the mount 225, respectively, and
fixed to the substrate 2. The movable monitor electrodes 491A and
491B are electrically connected to the wiring 73, respectively, the
fixed monitor electrodes 492A and 492B are electrically connected
to the wiring 77, respectively, and the fixed monitor electrodes
493A and 493B are electrically connected to the wiring 78,
respectively. The wirings 77 and 78 are connected to the QV
amplifier (electric charge voltage conversion circuit),
respectively. When the physical quantity sensor 1 is driven, an
electrostatic capacitance Cc is formed between the movable monitor
electrode 491A and the fixed monitor electrode 492A and between the
movable monitor electrode 491B and the fixed monitor electrode 492B
and an electrostatic capacitance Cd is formed between the movable
monitor electrode 491A and the fixed monitor electrode 493A and the
movable monitor electrode 491B and the fixed monitor electrode
493B.
As described above, in the drive vibration mode, since the movable
detection electrodes 441A and 441B vibrate in the X-axis direction,
the gap between the movable monitor electrode 491A and the fixed
monitor electrodes 492A and 493A and the gap between the movable
monitor electrode 491B and the fixed monitor electrodes 492B and
493B change, respectively, and the electrostatic capacitances Cc
and Cd change, respectively, according to the gap changes. For that
reason, it is possible to detect the vibration state (in
particular, amplitude in the X-axis direction) of the movable
bodies 4A and 4B based on changes in the electrostatic capacitances
Cc and Cd.
In the drive vibration mode, when the electrostatic capacitance Cc
increases, the electrostatic capacitance Cd decreases, and on the
contrary, when the electrostatic capacitance Cc decreases, the
electrostatic capacitance Cd increases. For that reason, by
performing difference computation (subtraction processing: Cc-Cd)
between a detection signal (signal corresponding to magnitude of
the electrostatic capacitance Cc) output from the QV amplifier
connected to the wiring 77 and a detection signal (signal
corresponding to magnitude of the electrostatic capacitance Cd)
output from the QV amplifier connected to the wiring 78, noise can
be canceled and the vibration state of the movable bodies 4A and 4B
can be detected more accurately.
The vibration state (amplitude) of the movable bodies 4A and 4B
detected using the outputs from the monitor portions 49A and 49B is
fed back to a drive circuit that applies a voltage V2 to the
movable bodies 4A and 4B. The drive circuit changes the frequency
and the duty ratio of the voltage V2 so that amplitudes of the
movable bodies 4A and 4B become target values. With this
configuration, the movable bodies 4A and 4B can be more reliably
vibrated at a predetermined amplitude, and detection accuracy of
the angular velocity .omega.z is improved.
The physical quantity sensor 1 has been described as above. As
described above, the physical quantity sensor 1 includes the
movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B (drive vibrator), the
movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B (detection vibrator),
the reverse phase spring 47A (elastic deformation portion) which is
disposed between the movable drive electrode 411A and the movable
detection electrode 441A in plan view and is elastically deformable
in the X-axis direction (first direction) in which the movable
drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A are
aligned, and the reverse phase spring 47B (elastic deformation
portion) which is disposed between the movable drive electrode 411B
and the movable detection electrode 441B in plan view and is
elastically deformable in the X-axis direction (first direction) in
which the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable detection
electrode 441B are aligned. Then, the movable drive electrode 411A
and the movable detection electrode 441A vibrate in reverse phases
in the X-axis direction, and the movable drive electrode 411B and
the movable detection electrode 441B vibrate in reverse phases in
the X-axis direction. That is, the movable drive electrode 411A and
the movable detection electrode 441A vibrate so as to alternately
repeat approaching and separating from each other in the X-axis
direction, and the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable
detection electrode 441B vibrate so as to alternately repeat
approaching and separating from each other in the X-axis
direction.
With this configuration, at least a portion of the vibrations of
the movable detection electrode 441A and the movable drive
electrode 411A is canceled and at least a portion of the vibrations
of the movable detection electrode 441B and the movable drive
electrode 411B is canceled. Accordingly, as compared with the case
where the movable detection electrode 441A and the movable drive
electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441B and the
movable drive electrode 411B vibrate in the same phase, it is
possible to more effectively reduce vibration leakage to the
substrate 2. For that reason, the decrease in the Q value is
suppressed, and the physical quantity sensor 1 having excellent
vibration characteristics is obtained.
Here, a comparison result of the Q value of the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the first embodiment with the Q value of another
configuration is illustrated. As in the first embodiment, Sample 1
illustrated in the following Table 1 has a configuration in which
the reverse phase springs 47A and 47B are included and the movable
drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A and
the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable detection
electrode 441B respectively vibrate in reverse phase in the X-axis
direction. As illustrated in FIG. 7, sample 2 has a configuration
in which in-phase springs 50A and 50B are included and the movable
drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A and
the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable detection
electrode 441B, respectively vibrate in the same phase in the
X-axis direction. As illustrated in FIG. 8, Sample 3 has a
configuration in which beams 51A and 51B that do not substantially
elastically deform in the X-axis direction are included and the
movable drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode
441A, the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable detection
electrode 441B vibrate in the same phase in the X-axis direction.
From Table 1, it can be seen that the Q value of Sample 1 is larger
than the Q value of Samples 2 and 3. For that reason, it is clear
that the effect described above can be exhibited.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 sample 1 2 3 Q value 170,000 140,000
140,000
As described above, in the physical quantity sensor 1, the mass of
the movable drive electrode 411A is different from the mass of the
movable detection electrode 441A, and the mass of the movable drive
electrode 411B is different from the mass of the movable detection
electrode 441B. With this configuration, it becomes easier to
adjust the amplitudes of the movable detection electrodes 441A and
441B. In particular, in the first embodiment, the mass of the
movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B is smaller than the mass of
the movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B. For that reason,
inertia of the movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B can be
enhanced, and the amplitudes of the movable drive electrodes 411A
and 411B can be increased.
Further, as described above, in the physical quantity sensor 1, the
amplitude at which the movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B
vibrate in the X-axis direction is larger than the amplitude at
which the movable drive electrodes 411A and 411B vibrate in the
X-axis direction. For that reason, the Coriolis force acting on the
movable detection electrodes 441A and 441B can be increased, and
detection sensitivity of the angular velocity .omega.z is
improved.
As described above, in the physical quantity sensor 1, the reverse
phase spring 47A (elastic deformation portion) includes the spring
main body 471A (elastic deformation portion main body), the beam
477A (first beam) connecting the spring main body 471A and the
movable drive electrode 411A, and the beam 478A (second beam)
connecting the spring main body 471A and the movable detection
electrode 441A. Similarly, the reverse phase spring 47B (elastic
deformation portion) includes the spring main body 471B (elastic
deformation portion main body), the beam 477B (first beam)
connecting the spring main body 471B and the movable drive
electrode 411B, and the beam 478B (second beam) connecting the
spring main body 471B and the movable detection electrode 441B.
With this configuration, the configuration of the reverse phase
springs 47A and 47B becomes relatively simple.
As described above, in the physical quantity sensor 1, the spring
main body 471A includes the arm 472A (first arm) of which the
longitudinal direction is along the Y-axis direction (second
direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction) and which is
elastically deformable in the X-axis direction, the arm 473A
(second arm) of which the longitudinal direction is along the
Y-axis, which is disposed to be spaced apart from the arm 472A by a
gap in the X-axis direction, and which is elastically deformable in
the X-axis direction, the connection portion 474A (first connection
portion) connecting the one end sides of the arm 472A and the arm
473A with each other, and the connection portion 475A (second
connection portion) connecting the other end sides of the arm 472A
and the arm 473A with each other. The same applies to the spring
main body 471B. With this configuration, the configuration of the
spring main bodies 471A and 471B becomes relatively simple and
sufficient elasticity in the X-axis direction is obtained with the
configuration.
As described above, in the physical quantity sensor 1, the reverse
phase springs 47A and 47B have a spring shape. With this
configuration, the configuration of the reverse phase springs 47A
and 47B becomes simple.
Second Embodiment
Next, a physical quantity sensor according to a second embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a physical
quantity sensor according to a second embodiment.
The physical quantity sensor 1 according to the second embodiment
is the same as the physical quantity sensor 1 according to the
first embodiment described above except that the configuration of
the element portion 4 is mainly different.
In the following description, regarding the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the second embodiment, description will be mainly made
on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and
description of same matters will be omitted. In FIG. 9, the same
reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of
the first embodiment described above.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, in the element portion 4 of the second
embodiment, a pair of reverse phase springs 47A is disposed. One of
the reverse phase springs 47A connects the ends of the movable
drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A on
the plus side in the Y-axis direction to each other and the other
reverse phase spring 47A connects the ends of the movable drive
electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A on the
minus side in the Y-axis direction to each other. Further, the
fixed portion 42A (42A'), the drive spring 43A (43A') for
connecting the fixed portion 42A' and the movable drive electrode
411A, and the detection spring 46A (46A') for connecting the fixed
portion 42A' and the movable detection electrode 441A are disposed
between the pair of reverse phase springs 47A.
Similarly, in the element portion 4 of the second embodiment, a
pair of reverse phase springs 47B is disposed. One of the reverse
phase springs 47B connects the ends of the movable drive electrode
411B and the movable detection electrode 441B on the plus side in
the Y-axis direction to each other and the other reverse phase
spring 47B connects the ends of the movable drive electrode 411B
and the movable detection electrode 441B on the minus side in the
Y-axis direction to each other. Further, the fixed portion 42B
(42B'), the drive spring 43B (43B') for connecting the fixed
portion 42B' and the movable drive electrode 411B, and the
detection spring 46B (46B') for connecting the fixed portion 42B'
and the movable detection electrode 441B are disposed between the
pair of reverse phase springs 47B.
According to such a configuration, the fixed portions 42A and 42B
can be disposed near the center O of the element portion 4, as
compared with the configuration of the first embodiment described
above, for example. For that reason, it becomes difficult for
external stress to be transmitted to the element portion 4, so that
it is possible to suppress a decrease in detection accuracy of the
angular velocity .omega.z.
The physical quantity sensor 1 of the second embodiment has been
described as above. Even with such a second embodiment, it is
possible to achieve the same effects as those of the first
embodiment described above.
Third Embodiment
Next, a physical quantity sensor according to a third embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a third embodiment.
The physical quantity sensor 1 according to the third embodiment is
the same as the physical quantity sensor 1 according to the first
embodiment described above except that the configuration of the
element portion 4 is mainly different.
In the following description, regarding the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the third embodiment, description will be mainly made
on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and
description of same matters will be omitted. In FIG. 10, the same
reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of
the first embodiment described above.
As illustrated in FIG. 10, in the element portion 4 of the third
embodiment, two reverse phase springs 47A are disposed to be
aligned in the Y-axis direction between the movable drive electrode
411A and the movable detection electrode 441A. That is, the element
portion 4 includes the plurality of reverse phase springs 47A.
According to such a configuration, as compared with the
configuration of the first embodiment, it is possible to relieve
stress concentration on the connection portion between the reverse
phase spring 47A and the movable drive electrode 411A and stress
concentration on the connection portion between the reverse phase
spring 47A and the movable detection electrode 441A by an amount
corresponding to the larger number of the reverse phase springs
47A. For that reason, it is possible to enhance impact resistance
of the physical quantity sensor 1. Further, since the number of
places where the movable drive electrode 411A and the movable
detection electrode 441A are supported is increased, the movable
drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode 441A can
be more stably vibrated in the X-axis direction in the drive
vibration mode.
Similarly, in the element portion 4 of the third embodiment, two
reverse phase springs 47B are disposed to be aligned in the Y-axis
direction between the movable drive electrode 411B and the movable
detection electrode 441B. That is, the element portion 4 includes
the plurality of reverse phase springs 47B. According to such a
configuration, the same effect as that of the reverse phase spring
47A described above can be exhibited.
The physical quantity sensor 1 of the third embodiment has been
described as above. Even with such a third embodiment, the same
effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be
exhibited. In the third embodiment, although the element portion 4
includes two reverse phase springs 47A, the number of the reverse
phase springs 47A is not limited thereto, and may be three or more.
The same applies to the number of reverse phase springs 47B.
Fourth Embodiment
Next, a physical quantity sensor according to a fourth embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a fourth embodiment.
The physical quantity sensor 1 according to the fourth embodiment
is the same as the physical quantity sensor 1 according to the
first embodiment described above except that the configuration of
the element portion 4 is mainly different.
In the following description, regarding the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the fourth embodiment, description will be mainly made
on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and
description of same matters will be omitted. In FIG. 11, the same
reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of
the first embodiment described above.
As illustrated in FIG. 11, in the element portion 4 of the fourth
embodiment, the reverse phase spring 47A includes two spring main
bodies 471A. Specifically, the reverse phase spring 47A includes
two spring main bodies 471A (471A' and 471A'') disposed to be
spaced apart by a gap in the X-axis direction, the beam 477A
connecting the spring main body 471A' and the movable drive
electrode 411A, the beam 478A connecting the spring main body
471A'' and the movable detection electrode 441A, and the beam 479A
connecting the spring main bodies 471A' and 471A'' to each other.
That is, the reverse phase spring 47A includes a plurality of
spring main bodies 471A disposed in series. According to such a
configuration, as compared with the configuration of the first
embodiment, a deformation amount of the reverse phase spring 47A in
the X-axis direction can be increased by an amount corresponding to
the larger number of the spring main bodies 471A. For that reason,
in the drive vibration mode, the amplitude of the movable detection
electrode 441A in the X-axis direction is increased, and the
detection sensitivity of the angular velocity .omega.z is
improved.
Similarly, in the element portion 4 of the fourth embodiment, the
reverse phase spring 47B includes two spring main bodies 471B.
Specifically, the reverse phase spring 47B includes two spring main
bodies 471B (471B' and 471B'') disposed to be spaced apart by a gap
in the X-axis direction, the beam 477B connecting the spring main
body 471B' and the movable drive electrode 411B, the beam 478B
connecting the spring main body 471B'' and the movable detection
electrode 441B, and the beam 479B connecting the spring main bodies
471B' and 471B'' to each other. That is, the reverse phase spring
47B includes a plurality of spring main bodies 471B disposed in
series. According to such a configuration, the same effect as that
of the described above reverse phase spring 47B can be
exhibited.
The physical quantity sensor 1 of the fourth embodiment has been
described as above. Even with such a fourth embodiment, the same
effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be
exhibited. In the fourth embodiment, although the reverse phase
spring 47A includes two spring main bodies 471A, the number of the
spring main bodies 471A is not limited thereto, and may be three or
more. The same applies to the number of the reverse phase springs
47B.
Fifth Embodiment
Next, a physical quantity sensor according to a fifth embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a fifth embodiment.
The physical quantity sensor 1 according to the fifth embodiment is
the same as the physical quantity sensor 1 according to the first
embodiment described above except that the configuration of the
element portion 4 is mainly different.
In the following description, regarding the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the fifth embodiment, description will be mainly made
on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and
description of same matters will be omitted. In FIG. 12, the same
reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of
the first embodiment described above.
The physical quantity sensor 1 illustrated in FIG. is an angular
velocity sensor capable of detecting angular velocity .omega.y
about the Y-axis. In such a physical quantity sensor 1, the fixed
detection electrodes 442A, 443A, 442B, and 443B are omitted from
the configuration of the first embodiment described above, the
detection portion 44A is constituted by the movable detection
electrode 441A, and the detection portion 44B is constituted by the
movable detection electrode 441B.
Instead, the physical quantity sensor 1 includes a fixed detection
electrode 81 which is disposed on the bottom surface of the concave
portion 21 and disposed opposite to the movable detection electrode
441A, and a fixed detection electrode 82 which is disposed on the
bottom surface of the concave portion 21 and disposed opposite to
the movable detection electrode 441B. Although not illustrated, the
fixed detection electrode 81 is electrically connected to the
wiring 75 and the fixed detection electrode 82 is electrically
connected to the wiring 76. When the physical quantity sensor 1 is
driven, the electrostatic capacitance Ca is formed between the
movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrode
81 and the electrostatic capacitance Cb is formed between the
movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrode
82.
With such a configuration, when the angular velocity .omega.y is
applied to the physical quantity sensor 1 while being driven in the
drive vibration mode, the movable detection electrode vibrates in
reverse phase in the Z-axis direction due to the Coriolis force
(see arrow in FIG. 12). For that reason, the gap between the
movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrode
81 and the gap between the movable detection electrode 441B and the
fixed detection electrode 82 change, respectively, and the
electrostatic capacitances Ca and Cb change according to gap
change. Accordingly, the angular velocity .omega.y can be obtained
based on changes in the electrostatic capacitances Ca and Cb.
The physical quantity sensor 1 of the fifth embodiment has been
described as above. Even with such a fifth embodiment, the same
effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be
exhibited.
Sixth Embodiment
Next, a physical quantity sensor according to a sixth embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating an element portion of a
physical quantity sensor according to a sixth embodiment.
The physical quantity sensor 1 according to the sixth embodiment is
the same as the physical quantity sensor 1 according to the first
embodiment described above except that the configuration of the
element portion 4 is mainly different.
In the following description, regarding the physical quantity
sensor 1 of the sixth embodiment, description will be mainly made
on the differences from the first embodiment described above, and
description of same matters will be omitted. In FIG. 13, the same
reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of
the first embodiment described above.
The physical quantity sensor 1 illustrated in FIG. 13 has a
configuration in which the vehicle 4B (one side of imaginary
straight line .alpha.) is mainly omitted from the configuration of
the first embodiment described above. Specifically, the physical
quantity sensor 1 of the sixth embodiment includes the drive
portion 41A including the movable drive electrode 411A and the
fixed drive electrode 412A, the detection portion 44A including the
movable detection electrode 441A and the fixed detection electrodes
442A and 443A, the four fixed portions 42A disposed around the
drive portion 41A, the drive spring 43A for connecting the fixed
portion 42A and the movable drive electrode 411A, the fixed portion
45A provided so that the detection portion 44A is positioned
between the fixed portion 45A and the drive portion 41A, the
detection spring 46A for connecting the fixed portions 422A and 45A
and the movable detection electrode 441A, the connection spring 40A
for connecting the fixed portion 45A and the movable detection
electrode 441A, the reverse phase spring 47A for connecting the
movable drive electrode 411A and the movable detection electrode
441A, and the monitor portion 49A including the movable monitor
electrode 491A and fixed monitor electrodes 492A and 493A.
According to such a configuration, in the drive vibration mode, the
vibration between the movable drive electrode 411A and the movable
detection electrode 441A is canceled, and vibration leakage can be
reduced. Further, as compared with the configuration of the first
embodiment, the size of the element portion 4 can be reduced to
about half, and the size of the physical quantity sensor 1 can be
reduced.
The physical quantity sensor 1 of the sixth embodiment has been
described as above. Even with such a sixth embodiment, the same
effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be
exhibited.
Seventh Embodiment
Next, an inertia measurement device according to a seventh
embodiment will be described.
FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of an inertia measurement
device according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 15 is a perspective
view of a substrate included in the inertia measurement device
illustrated in FIG. 14.
The inertia measurement device 2000 (IMU: Inertial Measurement
Unit) illustrated in FIG. 14 is a device that detects the attitude
and behavior (inertial momentum) of a vehicle (mounted device) such
as an automobile or a robot. The inertia measurement device 2000
functions as a so-called six-axis motion sensor including
three-axis acceleration sensors and three-axis angular velocity
sensors.
The inertia measurement device 2000 is a rectangular parallelepiped
having a substantially square planar shape. Screw holes 2110 as
fixed portions are formed in the vicinity of two vertices
positioned in the diagonal direction of the square. Through two
screws in the two screw holes 2110, the inertia measurement device
2000 can be fixed to the mounted surface of the mounted object such
as an automobile. The size of the inertia measurement device 2000
can be reduced to a size that can be mounted on a smartphone or a
digital camera, for example, by selection of parts or design
change.
The inertia measurement device 2000 has a configuration in which an
outer case 2100, a bonding member 2200, and a sensor module 2300
are included and the sensor module 2300 is inserted in the outer
case 2100 with the bonding member 2200 interposed therebetween.
Further, the sensor module 2300 includes an inner case 2310 and a
substrate 2320.
Similarly to the overall shape of the inertia measurement device
2000, the outer shape of the outer case 2100 is a rectangular
parallelepiped having a substantially square planar shape, and
screw holes 2110 are formed in the vicinity of two vertices
positioned in the diagonal direction of the square. In addition,
the outer case 2100 has a box shape and the sensor module 2300 is
accommodated therein.
The inner case 2310 is a member for supporting the substrate 2320,
and has a shape so as to fit inside the outer case 2100. A concave
portion 2311 for preventing contact with the substrate 2320 and an
opening 2312 for exposing a connector 2330 described later are
formed in the inner case 2310. Such an inner case 2310 is bonded to
the outer case 2100 via the bonding member 2200 (for example, a
packing impregnated with adhesive). The substrate 2320 is bonded to
the lower surface of the inner case 2310 via an adhesive.
As illustrated in FIG. 15, a connector 2330, an angular velocity
sensor 2340z for measuring the angular velocity around the Z-axis,
an acceleration sensor 2350 for measuring acceleration in each axis
directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis and the like
are mounted on the upper surface of the substrate 2320. An angular
velocity sensor 2340x for measuring the angular velocity about the
X-axis and an angular velocity sensor 2340y for measuring the
angular velocity around the Y-axis are mounted on the side surface
of the substrate 2320. The angular velocity sensors 2340z, 2340x,
and 2340y are not particularly limited, and for example, a
vibration gyro sensor using a Coriolis force can be used. In
particular, any one of the configurations of the first to fourth
embodiments described above can be used for measuring the angular
velocity in the Z-axis direction. The acceleration sensor 2350 is
not particularly limited, and for example, a capacitance type
acceleration sensor can be used.
A control IC 2360 is mounted on the lower surface of the substrate
2320. The control IC 2360 is a micro controller unit (MCU), which
includes a storing unit including a nonvolatile memory, an A/D
converter, and the like, and controls each unit of the inertia
measurement device 2000. In the storing unit, programs defining the
order and contents for measuring the acceleration and angular
velocity, programs for digitizing detected data and incorporating
the detected data into packet data, accompanying data, and the like
are stored. A plurality of electronic components are mounted on the
substrate 2320 in addition to the control IC 2360.
The inertia measurement device 2000 (inertia measurement device)
has been described as above. Such an inertia measurement device
2000 includes the angular velocity sensors 2340z, 2340x, and 2340y
and the acceleration sensors 2350 as the physical quantity sensor,
and the control IC 2360 (control circuit) for controlling driving
of each of these sensors 2340z, 2340x, 2340y, and 2350. With this
configuration, the effect of the physical quantity sensor can be
achieved, and the inertia measurement device 2000 with high
reliability can be obtained.
Eighth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle positioning device according to an eighth
embodiment will be described.
FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating the entire system of a
vehicle positioning device according to an eighth embodiment. FIG.
17 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the vehicle
positioning device illustrated in FIG. 16.
A vehicle positioning device 3000 illustrated in FIG. 16 is a
device which is used by being mounted on a vehicle and performs
positioning of the vehicle. The vehicle is not particularly
limited, and may be any of a bicycle, an automobile (including a
four-wheeled automobile and a motorcycle), a train, an airplane, a
ship, and the like, but in the eighth embodiment, the vehicle is
described as a four-wheeled automobile. The vehicle positioning
device 3000 includes an inertia measurement device 3100 (IMU), a
computation processing unit 3200, a GPS reception unit 3300, a
receiving antenna 3400, a position information acquisition unit
3500, a position synthesis unit 3600, a processing unit 3700, a
communication unit 3800, and a display 3900. As the inertia
measurement device 3100, for example, the inertia measurement
device 2000 of the fourth embodiment described above can be
used.
The inertia measurement device 3100 includes a tri-axis
acceleration sensor 3110 and a tri-axis angular velocity sensor
3120. The computation processing unit 3200 receives acceleration
data from the acceleration sensor 3110 and angular velocity data
from the angular velocity sensor 3120, performs inertial navigation
computation processing on these data, and outputs inertial
navigation positioning data (data including acceleration and
attitude of the vehicle).
The GPS reception unit 3300 receives a signal (GPS carrier wave,
satellite signal on which position information is superimposed)
from the GPS satellite via the receiving antenna 3400. Further, the
position information acquisition unit 3500 outputs GPS positioning
data representing the position (latitude, longitude, altitude),
speed, direction of the vehicle positioning device 3000 (vehicle)
based on the signal received by the GPS reception unit 3300. The
GPS positioning data also includes status data indicating a
reception state, a reception time, and the like.
Based on inertial navigation positioning data output from the
computation processing unit 3200 and the GPS positioning data
output from the position information acquisition unit 3500, the
position synthesis unit 3600 calculates the position of the
vehicle, more specifically, the position on the ground where the
vehicle is traveling. For example, even if the position of the
vehicle included in the GPS positioning data is the same, as
illustrated in FIG. 17, if the attitude of the vehicle is different
due to the influence of inclination of the ground or the like, the
vehicle is traveling at different positions on the ground. For that
reason, it is impossible to calculate an accurate position of the
vehicle with only GPS positioning data. Therefore, the position
synthesis unit 3600 calculates the position on the ground where the
vehicle is traveling, using inertial navigation positioning data
(in particular, data on the attitude of the vehicle). This
determination can be made comparatively easily by computation using
a trigonometric function (inclination .theta. with respect to the
vertical direction).
The position data output from the position synthesis unit 3600 is
subjected to predetermined processing by the processing unit 3700
and displayed on the display 3900 as a positioning result. Further,
the position data may be transmitted to the external device by the
communication unit 3800.
The vehicle positioning device 3000 has been described as above. As
described above, such a vehicle positioning device 3000 includes
the inertia measurement device 3100, the GPS reception unit 3300
(reception unit) that receives a satellite signal on which position
information is superimposed from a positioning satellite, the
position information acquisition unit 3500 (acquisition unit) that
acquires position information of the GPS reception unit 3300 based
on the received satellite signal, the computation processing unit
3200 (computation unit) that computes the attitude of the vehicle
based on the inertial navigation positioning data (inertia data)
output from the inertia measurement device 3100, and the position
synthesis unit 3600 (calculation unit) that calculates the position
of the vehicle by correcting position information based on the
calculated attitude. With this configuration, the effect of the
inertia measurement device can be achieved, and the vehicle
positioning device 3000 with high reliability can be obtained.
Ninth Embodiment
Next, an electronic apparatus according to a ninth embodiment will
be described.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to a ninth embodiment.
The mobile type (or notebook type) personal computer 1100
illustrated in FIG. 18 is a personal computer to which the
electronic apparatus according to the invention is applied. In FIG.
18, the personal computer 1100 is constituted with a main body 1104
including a keyboard 1102 and a display unit 1106 including a
display 1108, and the display unit 1106 is supported so as to be
rotatable with respect to the main body 1104 via a hinge
structure.
In such a personal computer 1100, the physical quantity sensor 1, a
control circuit 1110 for controlling driving of the physical
quantity sensor 1, a correction circuit 1120 for correcting the
physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 1, for
example, based on environmental temperature, are built in. The
physical quantity sensor 1 is not particularly limited, but any of
the embodiments described above can be used, for example.
Such a personal computer 1100 (electronic apparatus) includes the
physical quantity sensor 1, the control circuit 1110, and the
correction circuit 1120. For that reason, the effect of the
physical quantity sensor 1 described above can be achieved and high
reliability can be exhibited.
Tenth Embodiment
Next, an electronic apparatus according to a tenth embodiment will
be described.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to a tenth embodiment.
The mobile phone 1200 (including PHS) illustrated in FIG. 19 is a
mobile phone to which the electronic apparatus according to the
invention is applied. In FIG. 19, the mobile phone 1200 includes an
antenna (not illustrated), a plurality of operation buttons 1202,
an earpiece 1204, and a mouthpiece 1206, and a display 1208 is
disposed between the operation button 1202 and the earpiece
1204.
In such a mobile phone 1200, the physical quantity sensor 1, a
control circuit 1210 for controlling driving of the physical
quantity sensor 1, a correction circuit 1220 for correcting the
physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 1, for
example, based on environmental temperature, are built in. The
physical quantity sensor 1 is not particularly limited, but any of
the embodiments described above can be used, for example.
Such a mobile phone 1200 (electronic apparatus) includes the
physical quantity sensor 1, the control circuit 1210, and the
correction circuit 1220. For that reason, the effect of the
physical quantity sensor 1 described above can be achieved and high
reliability can be exhibited.
Eleventh Embodiment
Next, an electronic apparatus according to an eleventh embodiment
will be described.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic apparatus
according to an eleventh embodiment.
A digital still camera 1300 illustrated in FIG. is a digital still
camera to which the electronic apparatus according to the invention
is applied. In FIG. 20, a display 1310 is provided on the rear
surface of a case 1302, and the display 1310 is configured to
perform display based on an imaging signal from the CCD, and the
display 1310 functions as a viewfinder for displaying a subject as
an electronic image. A light reception unit 1304 including an
optical lens (imaging optical system) and a CCD or the like is
provided on the front side (back side in the figure) of the case
1302. When a photographer confirms a subject image displayed on the
display 1310 and presses a shutter button 1306, the imaging signal
of the CCD at that time is transferred to and stored in the memory
1308.
In such a digital still camera 1300, the physical quantity sensor
1, a control circuit 1320 for controlling driving of the physical
quantity sensor 1, a correction circuit 1330 for correcting the
physical quantity detected by the physical quantity sensor 1, for
example, based on environment temperature, are built in. The
physical quantity sensor 1 is not particularly limited, but any of
the embodiments described above can be used, for example.
Such a digital still camera 1300 (electronic apparatus) includes
the physical quantity sensor 1, the control circuit 1320, and the
correction circuit 1330. For that reason, the effect of the
physical quantity sensor 1 described above can be achieved and high
reliability can be exhibited.
In addition to the personal computer and mobile phone of the
embodiments described above and the digital still camera of the
eleventh embodiment, the electronic apparatus can be applied to,
for example, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, a clock (including
smart watch), an ink jet type discharging device (for example, an
ink jet printer), a laptop personal computer, a TV, a wearable
terminals such as HMD (head mounted display), a video camera, a
video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an
electronic diary (including with communication function), an
electronic dictionary, a calculator, an electronic game machines, a
word processor, a work station, a videophone, a security TV
monitor, an electronic binoculars, a POS terminal, medical
equipment (for example, electronic clinical thermometer, blood
pressure monometer, blood glucose meter, electrocardiogram
measurement device, ultrasonic diagnostic device, electronic
endoscope), a fish finder, various measuring instruments, mobile
terminal base station equipment, instruments (for example,
instruments of vehicles, aircraft, and ships), a flight simulator,
a network server, and the like.
Twelfth Embodiment
Next, a portable electronic apparatus according to a twelfth
embodiment will be described.
FIG. 21 is a plan view illustrating a portable electronic apparatus
according to a twelfth embodiment. FIG. 22 is a functional block
diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the portable
electronic apparatus illustrated in FIG. 21.
A watch type activity meter 1400 (active tracker) illustrated in
FIG. 21 is a wristwatch device to which the portable electronic
apparatus according to the invention is applied. The activity meter
1400 is attached to a part (subject) such as the user's wristwatch
by a band 1401. The activity meter 1400 includes a display 1402 for
digital display and can perform wireless communication. The
physical quantity sensor 1 described above is incorporated in the
activity meter 1400 as a sensor for measuring acceleration and a
sensor for measuring angular velocity.
The activity meter 1400 includes a case 1403 accommodating the
physical quantity sensor 1, a processing unit 1410 which is
accommodated in the case 1403 and is for processing output data
from the physical quantity sensor 1, the display 1402 accommodated
in the case 1403, and a translucent cover 1404 covering the opening
of the case 1403. A bezel 1405 is provided outside the translucent
cover 1404. A plurality of operation buttons 1406 and 1407 are
provided on the side surface of the case 1403.
As illustrated in FIG. 22, the acceleration sensor 1408 serving as
the physical quantity sensor 1 measures acceleration in each of the
three axis directions which intersect (ideally orthogonal to) each
other, and outputs a signal (acceleration signal) according to the
magnitude and direction of the detected three-axis acceleration. An
angular velocity sensor 1409 measures angular velocity in each of
the three axis directions intersecting (ideally orthogonal to) each
other, and outputs a signal (angular velocity signal) according to
the magnitude and direction of the detected three-axis angular
velocity.
In the liquid crystal display (LCD) constituting the display 1402,
depending on various detection modes, for example, position
information using a GPS sensor 1411 and a geomagnetic sensor 1412,
exercise information such as the amount of exercise using the
acceleration sensor 1408 and the angular velocity sensor 1409
included in the physical quantity sensor 1, biometric information
such as a pulse rate using a pulse sensor 1413 or the like, and
time information such as current time, and the like are displayed.
The environmental temperature using a temperature sensor 1414 can
also be displayed.
A communication unit 1415 performs various controls for
establishing communication between a user terminal and an
information terminal (not illustrated). The communication unit 1415
is configure to include a transceiver compatible with the short
range wireless communication standard such as a Bluetooth
(registered trademark) (including BTLE: Bluetooth Low Energy),
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (registered trademark), Zigbee
(registered trademark), near field communication (NFC), ANT+
(registered trademark) or the like, and a connector compatible with
a communication bus standard such as the universal serial bus (USB)
or the like.
The processing unit 1410 (processor) is constituted by, for
example, a micro processing unit (MPU), a digital signal processor
(DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the
like. The processing unit 1410 executes various processing based on
the program stored in a storing unit 1416 and a signal input from
an operation unit 1417 (for example, operation buttons 1406 and
1407). Processing by the processing unit 1410 includes data
processing for each output signal of the GPS sensor 1411, the
geomagnetic sensor 1412, a pressure sensor 1418, the acceleration
sensor 1408, the angular velocity sensor 1409, the pulse sensor
1413, the temperature sensor 1414, and the clocking unit 1419,
display processing for causing the display 1402 to display an
image, sound output processing for causing a sound output unit 1420
to output sound, communication processing for performing
communication with the information terminal via the communication
unit 1415, and power control processing for supplying power from a
battery 1421 to each unit, and the like.
Such an activity meter 1400 can have at least the following
functions.
1. Distance: Measure the total distance from the start of
measurement with highly accurate GPS function.
2. Pace: Display a current running pace from pace distance
measurement.
3. Average speed: Calculate an average speed and display the
average speed from the start of running to the present.
4. Altitude: Measure and display altitude with GPS function.
5. Stride: Measure and display the stride even in a tunnel where
GPS radio waves do not reach.
6. Pitch: Measure and display the number of steps per minute.
7. Heart rate: The heart rate is measured and displayed by the
pulse sensor.
8. Gradient: Measure and display the gradient of the ground in
training and trail runs in the mountains.
9. Auto lap: Automatically perform lap measurement when running for
a fixed distance set in advance or for a fixed time.
10. Exercise consumption calorie: Display calorie consumption.
11. Step count: Display the total number of steps from the start of
the exercise.
Such an activity meter 1400 (portable electronic apparatus)
includes the physical quantity sensor 1, the case 1403
accommodating the physical quantity sensor 1, the processing unit
1410 which is accommodated in the case 1403 and performs processing
output data from the physical quantity sensor 1, the display 1402
accommodated in the case 1403, and the translucent cover 1404
covering the opening portion of the case 1403. For that reason, the
effect of the physical quantity sensor 1 described above can be
achieved and high reliability can be exhibited.
The activity meter 1400 can be widely applied to a running watch, a
runner's watch, a runner's watch for multiple sports such as
duathlon and triathlon, an outdoor watch, and a GPS watch equipped
with a satellite positioning system such as the GPS.
In the above description, although description is made by using the
global positioning system (GPS) as a satellite positioning system,
other global navigation satellite system (GNSS) may be used. For
example, one or more of satellite positioning systems among
satellite positioning systems such as European
geostationary-satellite navigation overlay service (EGNOS), quasi
zenith satellite system (QZSS), global navigation satellite system
(GLONASS), GALILEO, Beidou navigation satellite system (Bei Dou)
may be used. Also, a stationary satellite type satellite-based
augmentation system (SBAS) such as wide area augmentation system
(WAAS) or European geostationary-satellite navigation overlay
service (EGNOS) may be utilized in at least one of the satellite
positioning systems.
Thirteenth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle according to a thirteenth embodiment will be
described.
FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating a vehicle according to a
thirteenth embodiment.
An automobile 1500 illustrated in FIG. 23 is an automobile to which
the vehicle according to the invention is applied. In FIG. 23, the
physical quantity sensor 1 functioning as at least one of an
acceleration sensor and an angular velocity sensor (preferably a
composite sensor capable of measuring both of acceleration and
angular velocity) is built in the automobile 1500, and the attitude
of an automobile body 1501 can be detected by the physical quantity
sensor 1. The detection signal of the physical quantity sensor 1 is
supplied to an automobile body attitude control device 1502
(attitude control unit), and the automobile body attitude control
device 1502 detects the attitude of the automobile body 1501 based
on the signal, and can control hardness of the suspension or can
control the brakes of individual wheels 1503 according to the
measured result. Here, as the physical quantity sensor 1, for
example, the same physical quantity sensor as that of each of the
embodiments described above can be used.
Such an automobile 1500 (vehicle) includes the physical quantity
sensor 1 and an automobile body attitude control device 1502
(attitude control unit). For that reason, the effect of the
physical quantity sensor 1 described above can be achieved, and
high reliability can be exhibited.
The physical quantity sensor 1 can also be widely applied to a car
navigation system, a car air conditioner, an anti-lock braking
system (ABS), an air bag, a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS),
an engine control, and an electronic control unit (ECU) such as a
battery monitor of a hybrid car or an electric automobile.
Also, the vehicle is not limited to the automobile 1500, but can
also be applied to an airplane, a rocket, an artificial satellite,
a ship, an automated guided vehicle (AGV), a biped walking robot,
unmanned airplanes such as a drone, and the like.
Although the physical quantity sensor, the inertia measurement
device, the vehicle positioning device, the portable electronic
apparatus, the electronic apparatus, and the vehicle according to
the invention have been described based on the illustrated
embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto. The
configuration of each unit can be replaced with any configuration
having the same function. In addition, any other constituent
element may be added to the invention. Further, the embodiments
described above may be appropriately combined.
In the embodiments described above, the physical quantity sensor
that detects the angular velocity has been described, but is not
limited thereto. The physical quantity sensor may be one that
detects acceleration, for example. Alternatively, physical quantity
sensor may be one that detects both acceleration and angular
velocity.
Although the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are orthogonal to
each other in the embodiments described above, the invention is not
limited thereto as long as the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis
intersect each other. For example, the X-axis may be slightly
inclined with respect to the normal direction of the YZ plane, the
Y-axis may be slightly inclined with respect to the normal
direction of the XZ plane or the Z-axis may be slightly inclined
with respect to the normal direction of the XY plane. Incidentally,
"slightly" means the range in which the physical quantity sensor
can exhibit its effect, and a specific inclination angle (numerical
value) varies depending on a configuration and the like.
* * * * *