U.S. patent number 10,758,692 [Application Number 15/668,603] was granted by the patent office on 2020-09-01 for breathing assistance apparatus with serviceability features.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited. The grantee listed for this patent is Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited. Invention is credited to Christopher Malcolm Crone, Samuel Robertson Frame, Jae Chul Han, Jack Che-Wei Hsu, Kevin Peter O'Donnell, Christopher Simon James Quill.
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00000.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00001.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00002.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00003.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00004.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00005.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00006.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00007.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00008.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00009.png)
![](/patent/grant/10758692/US10758692-20200901-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent |
10,758,692 |
Frame , et al. |
September 1, 2020 |
Breathing assistance apparatus with serviceability features
Abstract
A breathing assistance apparatus is configured with features
that improve serviceability of the apparatus. The apparatus can
include animations to provide instruction regarding correcting
easily-identified fault conditions and to provide instruction
regarding routine maintenance routines. The apparatus also can be
configured with top level control menus that are obscured in a
manner to limit manipulation of the top level control elements by
unauthorized users.
Inventors: |
Frame; Samuel Robertson (New
Plymouth, NZ), Crone; Christopher Malcolm (Auckland,
NZ), Quill; Christopher Simon James (Auckland,
NZ), O'Donnell; Kevin Peter (Auckland, NZ),
Hsu; Jack Che-Wei (Manukau, NZ), Han; Jae Chul
(Auckland, NZ) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited |
Auckland |
N/A |
NZ |
|
|
Assignee: |
Fisher & Paykel Healthcare
Limited (Auckland, NZ)
|
Family
ID: |
49301132 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/668,603 |
Filed: |
August 3, 2017 |
Prior Publication Data
|
|
|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20180015245 A1 |
Jan 18, 2018 |
|
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
|
14505298 |
Oct 2, 2014 |
9737675 |
|
|
|
PCT/NZ2013/000060 |
Apr 5, 2013 |
|
|
|
|
61620676 |
Apr 5, 2012 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
16/024 (20170801); A61M 16/16 (20130101); A61M
16/0003 (20140204); A61M 16/0875 (20130101); G16H
40/40 (20180101); A61M 16/161 (20140204); A61M
16/1005 (20140204); A61M 16/1095 (20140204); A61M
16/0672 (20140204); A61M 16/105 (20130101); A61M
16/0051 (20130101); A61M 16/109 (20140204); G16H
20/40 (20180101); A61M 16/0057 (20130101); A61M
16/1075 (20130101); A61M 2205/27 (20130101); A61M
16/0816 (20130101); A61M 2205/36 (20130101); A61M
2205/14 (20130101); A61M 2205/18 (20130101); A61M
16/107 (20140204); A61M 2205/3334 (20130101); A61M
2205/3375 (20130101); A61M 2205/12 (20130101); A61M
2230/435 (20130101); A61M 2205/3386 (20130101); A61M
2205/75 (20130101); A61M 2016/003 (20130101); A61M
2230/42 (20130101); A61M 2016/1025 (20130101); A61M
2016/0039 (20130101); G16H 40/63 (20180101); A61M
2202/0208 (20130101); A61M 2205/3368 (20130101); A61M
2205/502 (20130101); A61M 2205/581 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
16/00 (20060101); A61M 16/06 (20060101); A61M
16/10 (20060101); A61M 16/16 (20060101); G16H
20/40 (20180101); A61M 16/08 (20060101); G16H
40/40 (20180101); G16H 40/63 (20180101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WO 2009/058081 |
|
May 2009 |
|
WO |
|
WO 2010/031125 |
|
Mar 2010 |
|
WO |
|
Other References
PCT International Search Report for PCT/NZ2013/000060 dated Jul.
22, 2013, 10 pages. cited by applicant .
PCT Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority for
PCT/NZ2013/000060 completed Jul. 22, 2013, 7 pages. cited by
applicant .
PCT International Preliminary Report on Patentability with PCT
Written Opinion for PCT/NZ2013/000060 dated Dec. 9, 2014, 8 pages.
cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Douglas; Steven O
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Knobbe, Martens, Olson & Bear,
LLP
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 14/505,298, entitled "Breathing Assistance Apparatus with
Serviceability Features," filed Oct. 2, 2014, which is a
continuation of International Application No. PCT/NZ2013/000060,
entitled "Breathing Assistance Apparatus with Serviceability
Features," filed Apr. 5, 2013, which claims the benefit of priority
to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/620,676, filed on Apr. 5,
2012. Each of the above-referenced applications is incorporated by
reference herein in its entirety.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A breathing assistance apparatus configured to be connected to a
conduit to provide a humidified flow of gas to a user via a user
breathing interface, the breathing assistance apparatus comprising:
a flow generator configured to be connected to a humidifier
chamber; a display screen adapted to provide visual information to
a user; and a controller configured to: monitor one or more
characteristics of use; detect an occurrence of a triggering event
at least partly based on the monitored characteristics of use;
select a series of image frames depicting an animated action;
provide the series of image frames to the display; and transmit at
least one audible cue corresponding to an occurrence of an action
in the series of image frames, the animated action configured to
instruct a user to make an adjustment to the apparatus based upon
the animated action to address the occurrence of the triggering
event by providing visual cues in the series of image frames
indicating a region of interest and wherein the at least one
audible cue and the occurrence of the action are configured to be
presented substantially simultaneously.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the triggering event comprises
usage exceeding an upper limit of time.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the animated action comprises
steps for replacing a filter.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the animated action comprises
a sequence that repeats until the triggering event is
corrected.
5. The apparatus claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a button
and depression of the button stops the display of the series of
image frames.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a humidifier
chamber connected to the flow generator.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising the conduit
connected to the apparatus.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the conduit comprises a heated
conduit.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising the user breathing
interface connected to the conduit.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the triggering event
comprises detection of at least one of a faulty heater wire, a
faulty conduit temperature sensor, or a disconnected conduit.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the animated action comprises
steps for replacing the conduit.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises an increase in resistance to flow.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the animated action comprises
steps for unbending the conduit, unclogging the user breathing
interface, or checking that a correct user breathing interface is
connected to the conduit.
14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during a
disinfection mode and wherein the animated action comprises steps
for removing the oxygen supply and wherein the controller is
configured to shut off power to a disinfection conduit heater until
the triggering event is corrected.
15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises: at least one of: usage exceeding an upper limit of time,
detecting a faulty heater wire, detecting a faulty conduit
temperature sensor, detecting a disconnected conduit, a reduction
in resistance to flow, an increase in resistance to flow, detecting
an oxygen level outside of a desired oxygen level, detecting a low
water supply level, detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during
disinfection mode, detecting disconnection of an oxygen supply,
detecting depletion or prolonged interruption of an oxygen supply,
failing to detect a breathing pattern, or a breathing rate
exceeding a predetermined breathing rate; and the animated action
comprises a sequence that repeats until the triggering event is
corrected.
16. An electronic method of controlling a breathing assistance
apparatus, the breathing assistance apparatus configured to connect
to a conduit to provide a humidified flow of gas to a user via a
user breathing interface, the electronic method comprising:
monitoring one or more characteristics of use; detecting an
occurrence of a triggering event, the detection of the triggering
event being at least partly based on the monitored characteristics
of use; selecting a series of image frames depicting an animated
action; providing the series of image frames to the display; and
transmitting at least one audible cue corresponding to an
occurrence of an action in the series of image frames; wherein the
animated action is configured to instruct a user to make an
adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated action to
address the occurrence of the triggering event by providing visual
cues in the series of image frames indicating a region of interest
and wherein the audible cue and the occurrence of the action are
configured to be presented substantially simultaneously.
17. The electronic method of claim 16, wherein the audible cue is
configured to approximate a sound produced when the action
occurs.
18. The electronic method of claim 16, wherein the visual cues
comprise flashing lights surrounding the region of interest.
19. The electronic method of claim 16, wherein the series of image
frames comprise a first subset of image frames depicting the
apparatus with a first level of detail and a second subset of image
frames depicting a second level of detail, the second level of
detail being greater than the first level of detail.
20. The electronic method of claim 19, wherein the second subset of
image frames presents a zoomed-in depiction of a portion of the
apparatus that includes the region of interest.
21. The electronic method of claim 16, wherein the one or more
characteristics of use include at least one of usage time, heater
wire status, oxygen supply status, temperature sensor status,
conduit status, water level, flow rate, resistance to flow, oxygen
level, breathing rate, gas temperature, or heater plate power.
22. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the audible cue is configured
to approximate a sound produced when the action occurs.
23. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the visual cues comprise
flashing lights surrounding the region of interest.
24. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the series of image frames
comprise a first subset of image frames depicting the apparatus
with a first level of detail and a second subset of image frames
depicting a second level of detail, the second level of detail
being greater than the first level of detail.
25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the second subset of image
frames presents a zoomed-in depiction of a portion of the apparatus
that includes the region of interest.
26. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more
characteristics of use include at least one of usage time, heater
wire status, oxygen supply status, temperature sensor status,
conduit status, water level, flow rate, resistance to flow, oxygen
level, breathing rate, gas temperature, or heater plate power.
Description
BACKGROUND
Field
The present disclosure generally relates to a gases supply and
gases humidification apparatus. More particularly, features,
aspects and advantages of the present disclosure relate to such
apparatuses that can coach a user regarding the correction of a
fault condition.
Description of Related Art
A variety of machines can be used to assist with the breathing of a
patient. Some of these machines are used among a plurality of users
and are used almost continuously. Some of the machines are used by
very few users and are used intermittently. These machines can
deliver a heated and/or humidified flow of breathing gases to the
user.
The machines may be operated by individuals and trained health
professionals. From time to time, the machine may experience a
condition that requires correction. For example, a breathing
conduit could become detached or a breathing conduit could become
at least partially blocked. In most instances, such conditions
would be indicated by a numerical fault code. Such numerical fault
codes would require the user or operator to consult a look-up table
or call a technician. Often, this technique of correcting an easily
corrected problem can be more time consuming than desired.
SUMMARY
Accordingly, a breathing apparatus comprises a flow generator, a
humidifier chamber connected to the flow generator, a conduit
connected to the humidifier generator, and a user breathing
interface connected to the conduit. The apparatus also comprises a
display screen adapted to provide visual information to a user. The
apparatus monitors one or more characteristic of use and, upon a
triggering event occurring, the apparatus provides a series of
image frames such as, for example, graphics, recorded images,
visual descriptions, visual directions, still images, and/or videos
to the display. The series of image frames depict one or more still
graphics and/or animated actions such that the user can make an
adjustment to the apparatus based upon the image frames to address
the occurrence of the triggering event.
In a first aspect, a breathing assistance apparatus is provided
that includes a flow generator, a humidifier chamber connected to
the flow generator, a conduit connected to the flow generator, a
user breathing interface connected to the conduit, and a display
screen adapted to provide visual information to a user. The
apparatus can advantageously be configured to monitor one or more
characteristics of use; and, upon an occurrence of a triggering
event, to provide a series of image frames to the display. The
series of image frames can depict an animated action that is
configured to instruct a user to make an adjustment to the
apparatus based upon the animated action to address the occurrence
of the triggering event.
In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a button and depression
of the button stops the display of the series of image frames. In
some embodiments, the animated action includes a sequence that
repeats until the triggering event is corrected.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises usage exceeding
an upper limit of time. In a further embodiment, the animated
action includes steps for replacing a filter.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises detection of at
least one of a faulty heater wire, a faulty conduit temperature
sensor, or a disconnected conduit. The animated action includes
steps for replacing a breathing conduit.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises a reduction in
resistance to flow. The animated action includes steps for
reseating a chamber, reconnecting a conduit, or reconnecting an
interface to the conduit.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises an increase in
resistance to flow. The animated action includes steps for
unbending a conduit, unclogging an interface, or checking that the
correct interface is connected to the conduit.
In some embodiments, triggering event comprises detecting an oxygen
level outside of a desired oxygen level. The animated action
includes steps for adjusting the oxygen supply.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises detecting a low
water supply level. The animated action includes steps for
replenishing the water supply.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises detecting a
presence of an oxygen supply during disinfection mode. The animated
action includes steps for removing the oxygen supply. In a further
embodiment, the apparatus is adapted to shut off power to a
disinfection conduit heater until the triggering event is
corrected.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises detecting
disconnection, depletion, or prolonged interruption of an oxygen
supply. The animated action includes steps for reconnecting the
oxygen supply.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises failing to
detect a breathing pattern. The animated action includes steps for
reattaching a user interface.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises a breathing
rate exceeding a predetermined breathing rate. The animated action
includes illustrating the breathing rate.
In some embodiments, the triggering event comprises one of usage
exceeding an upper limit of time, detecting a faulty heater wire,
detecting a faulty conduit temperature sensor, detecting a
disconnected conduit, a reduction in resistance to flow, an
increase in resistance to flow, detecting an oxygen level outside
of a desired oxygen level, detecting a low water supply level,
detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during disinfection mode,
detecting disconnection of an oxygen supply, detecting depletion or
prolonged interruption of an oxygen supply, failing to detect a
breathing pattern, or a breathing rate exceeding a predetermined
breathing rate; and the animated action comprises a sequence that
repeats until the triggering event is corrected.
In a second aspect, some embodiments provide for a breathing
assistance apparatus that includes a flow generator, a humidifier
chamber coupled to the flow generator, a conduit coupled to the
flow generator, a user breathing interface connected to the
conduit, a controller electrically coupled to the apparatus, a
display screen electrically coupled to the controller and adapted
to provide visual information to a user. The apparatus is
configured to monitor one or more characteristics of use and to
detect an occurrence of a triggering event using the controller,
the detection of the triggering event being at least partly based
on the monitored characteristics of use. The apparatus is also
configured to select a series of image frames depicting an animated
action and to provide the series of image frames to the display.
The animated action can advantageously be configured to instruct a
user to make an adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated
action to address the occurrence of the triggering event by
providing visual cues in the series of image frames indicating a
region of interest and at least one audible cue corresponding to an
occurrence of an action in the series of image frames wherein the
audible cue and the occurrence of the action are configured to be
presented substantially simultaneously.
In some embodiments of the second aspect, the audible cue is
configured to approximate a sound produced when the action occurs.
In some embodiments of the second aspect, the visual cues comprise
flashing lights surrounding the region of interest.
In some embodiments of the second aspect, the series of image
frames comprises a first subset of image frames depicting the
apparatus with a first level of detail and a second subset of image
frames depicting a second level of detail, the second level of
detail being greater than the first level of detail. In a further
embodiment, the second subset of image frames presents a zoomed-in
depiction of a portion of the apparatus that includes the region of
interest.
In some embodiments, the one or more characteristics of use
includes at least one of usage time, heater wire status, oxygen
supply status, temperature sensor status, conduit status, water
level, flow rate, resistance to flow, oxygen level, breathing rate,
gas temperature, or heater plate power.
In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a button and depression
of the button stops the display of the series of image frames. In
some embodiments, the animated action includes a sequence that
repeats until the triggering event is corrected.
In a third aspect, a method of indicating an alarm on a breathing
assistance apparatus is provided. The method can include detecting
an occurrence of a triggering event using a controller of the
apparatus. The method can include selecting an animated action
corresponding to the detected occurrence of the triggering event.
The method can include displaying on a display of the apparatus a
series of image frames depicting the animated action. The method
can include detecting a correction of the triggering event using a
controller of the apparatus. The method can include ending the
display of the series of image frames upon detection of the
correction of the triggering event. The series of image frames can
advantageously be configured to instruct a user to make an
adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated action to
address the occurrence of the triggering event.
In a fourth aspect, a method of indicating an alarm on a breathing
assistance apparatus is provided. The method can include detecting
a triggering event using a controller of the apparatus. The method
can include selecting an animated action corresponding to the
detected triggering event. The method can include displaying on a
display of the apparatus a series of image frames depicting the
animated action. The method can include emitting an audible noise
with a speaker of the apparatus. The method can include detecting a
correction of the triggering event using a controller of the
apparatus. The method can include ending the display of the series
of image frames and the emission of the audible noise upon
detection of the correction of the triggering event. The series of
image frames can advantageously be configured to instruct a user to
make an adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated action
to address the triggering event by providing visual cues in the
series of image frames indicating a region of interest and at least
one audible cue corresponding to an occurrence of an action in the
series of image frames. The audible cue and the occurrence of the
action can advantageously be configured to be presented
substantially simultaneously.
In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the audible cue is
configured to approximate a sound produced when the action occurs.
In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the visual cues comprise
flashing lights surrounding the region of interest.
In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the series of image
frames comprises a first subset of image frames depicting the
apparatus with a first level of detail and a second subset of image
frames depicting a second level of detail, the second level of
detail being greater than the first level of detail. In a further
embodiment, the second subset of image frames presents a zoomed-in
depiction of a portion of the apparatus that includes the region of
interest.
In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method can include
monitoring one or more characteristics of use. In a further
embodiment, the one or more characteristics of use includes at
least one of usage time, heater wire status, oxygen supply status,
temperature sensor status, conduit status, water level, flow rate,
resistance to flow, oxygen level, breathing rate, gas temperature,
or heater plate power.
In summary, the disclosure may be described according to the
following numbered clauses:
Clause 1. A breathing assistance apparatus comprising: a flow
generator; a humidifier chamber connected to the flow generator; a
conduit connected to the flow generator; a user breathing interface
connected to the conduit; and a display screen adapted to provide
visual information to a user, wherein the apparatus is configured
to monitor one or more characteristics of use, and upon an
occurrence of a triggering event to provide a series of image
frames to the display, the series of image frames depicting an
animated action configured to instruct a user to make an adjustment
to the apparatus based upon the animated action to address the
occurrence of the triggering event.
Clause 2. The apparatus of Clause 1, further comprising a button
and depression of the button stops the display of the series of
image frames.
Clause 3. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises usage exceeding an upper limit of time.
Clause 4. The apparatus of Clause 3, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replacing a filter.
Clause 5. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detection of at least one of a faulty heater wire, a
faulty conduit temperature sensor, or a disconnected conduit.
Clause 6. The apparatus of Clause 5, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replacing a breathing conduit.
Clause 7. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises a reduction in resistance to flow.
Clause 8. The apparatus of Clause 7, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reseating a chamber, reconnecting a conduit or
reconnecting an interface to the conduit.
Clause 9. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises an increase in resistance to flow.
Clause 10. The apparatus of Clause 9, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for unbending a conduit, unclogging an interface or
checking that the correct interface is connected to the
conduit.
Clause 11. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detecting an oxygen level outside of a desired oxygen
level.
Clause 12. The apparatus of Clause 11, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for adjusting the oxygen supply.
Clause 13. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detecting a low water supply level.
Clause 14. The apparatus of Clause 13, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replenishing the water supply.
Clause 15. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during
disinfection mode.
Clause 16. The apparatus of Clause 15, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for removing the oxygen supply.
Clause 17. The apparatus of Clause 16, wherein the apparatus also
shuts off power to a disinfection conduit heater until the
triggering event is corrected.
Clause 18. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises detecting disconnection, depletion or prolonged
interruption of an oxygen supply.
Clause 19. The apparatus of Clause 18, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reconnecting the oxygen supply.
Clause 20. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises failing to detect a breathing pattern.
Clause 21. The apparatus of Clause 20, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reattaching a user interface.
Clause 22. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises a breathing rate exceeding a predetermined breathing
rate.
Clause 23. The apparatus of Clause 22, wherein the animated action
comprises illustrating the breathing rate.
Clause 24. The apparatus of any of Clauses 3-23, wherein the
animated action comprises a sequence that repeats until the
triggering event is corrected.
Clause 24. The apparatus of Clause 1, wherein the triggering event
comprises one of usage exceeding an upper limit of time, detecting
a faulty heater wire, detecting a faulty conduit temperature
sensor, detecting a disconnected conduit, a reduction in resistance
to flow, an increase in resistance to flow, detecting an oxygen
level outside of a desired oxygen level, detecting a low water
supply level, detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during
disinfection mode, detecting disconnection of an oxygen supply,
detecting depletion or prolonged interruption of an oxygen supply,
failing to detect a breathing pattern, or a breathing rate
exceeding a predetermined breathing rate; and the animated action
comprises a sequence that repeats until the triggering event is
corrected.
Clause 25. A breathing assistance apparatus comprising: a flow
generator; a humidifier chamber coupled to the flow generator; a
conduit coupled to the flow generator; a user breathing interface
connected to the conduit; a controller electrically coupled to the
apparatus; and a display screen electrically coupled to the
controller and adapted to provide visual information to a user,
wherein the apparatus is configured to: monitor one or more
characteristics of use; detect an occurrence of a triggering event
using the controller, the detection of the triggering event being
at least partly based on the monitored characteristics of use;
select a series of image frames depicting an animated action; and
provide the series of image frames to the display, wherein the
animated action is configured to instruct a user to make an
adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated action to
address the occurrence of the triggering event by providing visual
cues in the series of image frames indicating a region of interest
and at least one audible cue corresponding to an occurrence of an
action in the series of image frames wherein the audible cue and
the occurrence of the action are configured to be presented
substantially simultaneously.
Clause 26. The apparatus of Clause 25, wherein the audible cue is
configured to approximate a sound produced when the action
occurs.
Clause 27. The apparatus of Clause 25, wherein the visual cues
comprise flashing lights surrounding the region of interest.
Clause 28. The apparatus of Clause 25, wherein the series of image
frames comprises a first subset of image frames depicting the
apparatus with a first level of detail and a second subset of image
frames depicting a second level of detail, the second level of
detail being greater than the first level of detail.
Clause 29. The apparatus of Clause 28, wherein the second subset of
image frames presents a zoomed-in depiction of a portion of the
apparatus that includes the region of interest.
Clause 30. The apparatus of Clause 25, wherein the one or more
characteristics of use includes at least one of usage time, heater
wire status, oxygen supply status, temperature sensor status,
conduit status, water level, flow rate, resistance to flow, oxygen
level, breathing rate, gas temperature, or heater plate power.
Clause 31. The apparatus of Clause 25, wherein the triggering event
comprises one of usage exceeding an upper limit of time, detecting
a faulty heater wire, detecting a faulty conduit temperature
sensor, detecting a disconnected conduit, a reduction in resistance
to flow, an increase in resistance to flow, detecting an oxygen
level outside of a desired oxygen level, detecting a low water
supply level, detecting a presence of an oxygen supply during
disinfection mode, detecting disconnection of an oxygen supply,
detecting depletion or prolonged interruption of an oxygen supply,
failing to detect a breathing pattern, or a breathing rate
exceeding a predetermined breathing rate; and the animated action
comprises a sequence that repeats until the triggering event is
corrected.
Clause 32. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replacing a filter.
Clause 33. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replacing a breathing conduit.
Clause 34. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reseating a chamber, reconnecting a conduit or
reconnecting an interface to the conduit.
Clause 35. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for unbending a conduit, unclogging an interface or
checking that the correct interface is connected to the
conduit.
Clause 36. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for adjusting the oxygen supply.
Clause 37. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for replenishing the water supply.
Clause 38. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for removing the oxygen supply.
Clause 39. The apparatus of Clause 38, wherein the apparatus also
shuts off power to a disinfection conduit heater until the
triggering event is corrected.
Clause 40. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reconnecting the oxygen supply.
Clause 41. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises steps for reattaching a user interface.
Clause 42. The apparatus of Clause 31, wherein the animated action
comprises illustrating the breathing rate.
Clause 43. A method of indicating an alarm on a breathing
assistance apparatus, the method comprising: detecting an
occurrence of a triggering event using a controller of the
apparatus; selecting an animated action corresponding to the
detected occurrence of the triggering event; displaying on a
display of the apparatus a series of image frames depicting the
animated action; detecting a correction of the triggering event
using a controller of the apparatus; and ending the display of the
animated action upon detection of the correction of the triggering
event, wherein the series of image frames are configured to
instruct a user to make an adjustment to the apparatus based upon
the animated action to address the occurrence of the triggering
event.
Clause 44. A method of indicating an alarm on a breathing
assistance apparatus, the method comprising: detecting a triggering
event using a controller of the apparatus; selecting an animated
action corresponding to the detected triggering event; displaying
on a display of the apparatus a series of image frames depicting
the animated action; emitting an audible noise with a speaker of
the apparatus; detecting a correction of the triggering event using
a controller of the apparatus; and ending the display of the
animated action and the emission of the audible noise upon
detection of the correction of the triggering event, wherein the
animated action is configured to instruct a user to make an
adjustment to the apparatus based upon the animated action to
address the triggering event by providing visual cues in the series
of image frames indicating a region of interest and at least one
audible cue corresponding to an occurrence of an action in the
series of image frames wherein the audible cue and the occurrence
of the action are configured to be presented substantially
simultaneously.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other features, aspects, and advantages will now be
described with reference to the drawings of some embodiments, which
embodiments are intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope
of the disclosure, and in which figures:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus that provides a
humidified and heated flow of fluid to a user or patient.
FIG. 2 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the apparatus of
FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of the portion of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of the portion of FIG. 2
awaiting connection of a disinfection conduit for a disinfection
mode.
FIG. 5 illustrates the portion of FIG. 4 with the disinfection
conduit connected.
FIGS. 6A-6D illustrates a display flow for the apparatus in a
primary mode.
FIG. 7 illustrates a disinfection mode display flow for the
apparatus.
FIGS. 8A-8D illustrate a series of images used in an animation
showing how to replace a filter of the apparatus.
FIGS. 9A-9C illustrate another display flow for the apparatus in a
secondary mode.
FIG. 10 illustrates a fault condition correction display flow for
the apparatus.
FIG. 11 illustrates a series of images used in an animation showing
how to connect a breathing circuit of the apparatus.
FIGS. 12A-12M illustrate a series of images used in an example
animation showing a chamber installation sequence.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 illustrates an apparatus 20 that provides a humidified and
heated flow of fluid to a user or patient 10. The illustrated
apparatus 20 comprises a high-flow breathing assistance apparatus;
however, features, aspects, and advantages of some embodiments can
be used with other types of apparatus used to supply a humidified
and/or heated flow of fluid (e.g., gases or air) to the user or
patient 10. For example, features, aspects, and advantages of some
embodiments can be used with CPAP machines, insufflation
humidifiers for laparoscopic or other surgical procedures,
respiratory humidifiers, humidifiers for noninvasive ventilation
applications, humidifiers for invasive ventilation applications,
infant resuscitation devices, and the like. The apparatus can be
configured as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No.
12/138,594, filed on Jun. 13, 2008, U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 11/916,503, filed on Jun. 29, 2006, and/or U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/246,328, filed on Sep. 18, 2002, each of
which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 20 can include a display 40
configured to display a series of images in succession that
illustrate an animated action. The animated action can be used to
instruct a user on how to perform a particular action. The series
of images can be displayed in response to a triggering event and
the animated action can be configured to present one or more
methods of responding to the triggering event. The apparatus 20 can
be configured to detect various triggering events and to
automatically display a corresponding series of images. For
example, the apparatus 20 can be configured to detect when a
chamber is not correctly installed (e.g., the triggering event). In
response, the apparatus 20 can display a series of images
identifying the location of the problem, the element of the
apparatus that triggered the event, and a method of correcting the
problem (e.g., the animated action).
In some embodiments, the series of images displayed on the display
40 can include flashing lights, coloring, shading, or other similar
visual cues to indicate the element or location of the triggering
event. For example, if a conduit is not properly connected, the
conduit can be displayed as flashing red, having a colored outline,
glowing in a pulsating fashion, having an arrow pointing to the
conduit, or the like. The animated action can display a method of
properly connecting the conduit, after which the conduit can be
displayed as flashing green, having a different colored outline,
glowing in a relatively constant fashion, or the like to indicate a
change from an incorrect to a correct configuration. In some
embodiments, no words are used such that the visual images can
communicate corrective actions to any user independent of language
or technical background. In some embodiments, a user can choose to
display written instructions and/or provide audible instructions in
addition to the visual images. However, these written and/or
audible instructions are not generally necessary because the visual
images provide universal visual instructions as described herein
below.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 20 can be configured to provide
audible cues that correspond to the series of images presented on
the display 40. For example, when an element of the apparatus 20 is
illustrated as being "clicked" into place, the apparatus can emit a
sound indicating that a corresponding sound should be heard when
the user performs the action being illustrated. In some
embodiments, the audible cue can be configured to approximate or
simulate the sound a user would hear when performing the animated
action. In some embodiments, the timing of the emitted sound
corresponds to the timing of the animated action, such that at the
time when the animated action displays the action that produces a
sound, the apparatus can emit the corresponding audible cue.
With continued reference to FIG. 1, the apparatus 20 comprises a
flow generating apparatus 22. The illustrated flow generating
apparatus 22 can be connected to a patient interface 24 with a
flexible conduit 26. The patient interface 24 can be any suitable
patient interface. For example, but without limitation, the patient
interface 24 can comprise noninvasive interfaces including, but not
limited to, adult nasal cannula, infant nasal cannula, full face
masks, combination oral/nasal masks, nasal masks, nasal pillows,
high flow cannula, or the like. In some configurations, the patient
interface 24 can comprise invasive or minimally invasive interfaces
including, but not limited to, endotracheal tubes, insufflation
devices, or the like. In some configurations, adaptors and
connectors can be provided for coupling to tracheotomy devices and
masks.
In the illustrated configuration, the flexible conduit 26 can
comprise a heating element 30 and a sensing element 32. In some
configurations, the sensing element 32 can be positioned at an end
portion of the flexible conduit 26 closest to the patient interface
24. In some configurations, the sensing element 32 is positioned
within the lumen defined by the flexible conduit 26 such that the
sensing element 32 is exposed to the fluid being carried within the
lumen. The sensing element 32 can sense a characteristic or
attribute of the fluid being carried within the lumen. In some
configurations, the sensing element 32 is arranged and configured
to sense the temperature of the fluid passing through the lumen. In
some configurations, the heating element 30 and the sensing element
32 can be arranged as described in co-pending U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 12/777,370, published as U.S. Publication No.
2010/0218763 on Sep. 2, 2010, which is hereby incorporated herein
by reference in its entirety.
The end of the flexible conduit 26 closest to the flow generating
apparatus 22 comprises a connector 34. The connector 34 can be
configured to establish both a pneumatic connection between the
flow generating apparatus 22 and the lumen of the flexible conduit
26 and an electrical connection between at least the heating
element 30 of the flexible conduit 26 and the flow generating
apparatus 22. In some configurations, the connector 34 facilitates
establishing both the pneumatic connection and the electrical
connection in a single step. In some configurations, the connector
34 can be configured as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,953,354,
issued on Oct. 11, 2005 and entitled "Connector for Breathing
Circuits," which patent is hereby incorporated herein by reference
in its entirety.
With continued reference to FIG. 1, the flow generating apparatus
22 comprises a user control interface 36. The user control
interface 36 enables interaction between the user, patient 10, or
another person (e.g., without limitation, health professionals,
distributors, or the like) and the flow generating apparatus 22.
The illustrated user control interface 36 comprises a display
screen 40. The display screen 40 can be any suitable display
screen. In some configurations, the display screen 40 comprises an
organic light-emitting diode (OLED) screen. In some configurations,
the display screen 40 can comprise a full color display with a
pixel count of between about 6,000 pixels and about 500,000 pixels.
In some configurations, the display screen 40 can comprise a pixel
count of about 20,480 pixels. In some configurations, the display
screen can comprise a screen size of about 128 pixels by about 160
pixels (vertical by horizontal). In some configurations, the
display screen can be about 1.8 inches diagonally to about 4 inches
diagonally. To reduce heat transferred from the screen to other
components of the apparatus 22, the screen can be run with a black
screen (e.g., most of the pixels are inactive during operation of
the apparatus 22).
The illustrated user interface 36 comprises five different keys: a
power key/button 42, a mute key/button 44, an up arrow key/button
46, a down arrow key/button 50 and a mode key/button 52. In some
configurations, the user interface 36 can include some combination
of mechanical keys, electro-mechanical keys, and touch-sensitive
capabilities such as where the display 40 comprises a touch-screen
and navigation through a menu structure or other suitable manner of
device operation can be provided via the display 40. In some
configurations, a joystick, a toggle, or the like can be provided
for navigation through a menu structure or other suitable manner of
device operation.
With reference to FIG. 2, the illustrated flow generating apparatus
22 comprises an outer housing 60. The outer housing 60 contains a
flow generator (not shown). The flow generator can be any suitable
component or components for generating a source of pressurized air,
which generates a flow of gases through the conduit 26. As shown in
FIG. 2, the housing 60 can define an inlet to the flow generator,
which inlet is covered with a filter cover 62. The filter cover 62
can contain a replaceable filter element 64 that overlies the inlet
to the flow generator such that it filters a flow of air that
passes into the housing through openings in the filter cover
62.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, a first end of an oxygen supply
conduit 66 can be connected to the filter cover 62. A second end of
the oxygen supply conduit 66 can have a fitting 68 used to connect
to a supply conduit from a wall supply or the like, as shown in
FIG. 1. Returning to FIG. 2, the filter cover 62 or a region
contained between the filter cover and the flow generator can
define a mixing region for ambient air and the oxygen supplied
through the conduit 66.
With reference to FIG. 3, flow from the flow generator (not shown)
passes into and through a chamber 70. An outlet port 72 (see FIG.
4) from the flow generator connects to an inlet port (not shown) of
the chamber 70. A water supply can be contained within the chamber
70 such that the flow passes over the surface of the water supply
to be humidified. An outlet port of the chamber 70 connects to an
inlet end 74 of an elbow 76. The elbow has an outlet end 78 that
connects to the conduit 26 as described above.
The chamber 70 rests atop a heater plate 80 (see FIG. 4) or other
suitable heating element. The heater plate 80 can be controlled by
the apparatus 22 such that the water contained within the chamber
70 can be heated to a suitable level. The water contained within
the chamber 70 can be replenished from a feed set and water bag
configuration, if desired.
In some configurations, the apparatus 22 can comprise one or more
temperature sensors that are positioned downstream of the
humidification chamber 70. In some configurations, two temperature
sensors can be positioned within the elbow 76. Output from the
temperature sensor in the elbow 76 and information regarding the
heater plate duty cycle can be used in connection with an algorithm
to detect the humidity. A system can be used such as that disclosed
in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/328,521, filed on
Apr. 27, 2010 and WO2009/145646, filed on May 27, 2009 and
published on Dec. 3, 2009, each of which is hereby incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
The apparatus 22 also can comprise an airflow sensor that is
positioned upstream of the flow generator as well as a temperature
sensor that is positioned upstream of the humidification chamber
70. In some configurations, the temperature sensor is positioned
upstream of the flow generator as well. In some configurations, an
oxygen sensor also can be positioned upstream of the humidification
chamber or the flow generator. In some configurations, an
ultrasound principle can be used to detect the oxygen content in
the air based upon the detected humidity level can improve the
detection of oxygen content. In some configurations, a system can
be used such as that disclosed in U.S. Provisional Patent
Application No. 61/620,595, filed on Apr. 5, 2012, which is hereby
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The apparatus 22 also comprises a suitable controller, which
includes memory and other components used for sensing various
characteristics of flows and operation of the apparatus. Moreover,
the apparatus 22 can comprise a speaker or other audible alert
generator.
With reference to FIG. 5, in order to disinfect the apparatus 22
between users, for example, a disinfection conduit 82 can be
connected to the outlet 72 from the flow generator and to the
outlet 78 of the elbow 76. The disinfection conduit 82 can include
a heater coil 84 that is electrically connected to the electrical
connection with a connector that is similar to, or the same as, the
connector 34 described above. A filter cap 86 can be positioned
over the inlet end 74 of the elbow 76.
Start-Up Operation
With reference now to FIGS. 6A-6D, control and operation of some
features, aspects, and advantages of the illustrated apparatus 20
will be described. As will be described, the illustrated apparatus
20 can be operated in at least two main modes. In the illustrated
configuration, the apparatus 20 has a primary mode that can be used
in multiple-user applications and a secondary mode that can be used
in single-user applications, for example but without limitation. In
some configurations, the apparatus 20 can be used in the primary
mode with multiple users and under generally continuous use
conditions and in the secondary mode with a small number of users
and under intermittent use. In other words, the apparatus 20 can be
used in the primary mode in a setting such as a hospital or other
healthcare facility and the same apparatus 20 can be used in the
secondary mode in a setting such as a home. Such a configuration is
advantageous in that a smaller number of machines need to be
stocked for supply by distributors because of the ability to
customize the machine to the end user.
In the description below, either the primary mode or the secondary
mode may be referred to as the default mode but the apparatus 22
need not default to this mode at start up. In some configurations,
the apparatus 20 comprises a disinfection mode for use between
users. In some configurations, the apparatus 20 also can comprise a
youth sub-mode that can be configured for use with younger users.
In some configurations, the apparatus 20 can comprise a youth
sub-mode for each of the primary mode and the secondary mode, which
youth sub-modes can be configured for use with younger users. In
some configurations, at least one of the primary mode and the
secondary mode can include a conduit drying sub-mode, breathing
pattern feedback sub-mode, a night-use sub-mode, and/or a transport
mode. In some configurations, the secondary mode can include one or
more of the conduit drying sub-mode and the night use sub-mode. Any
of these modes and sub-modes, or even some other mode of operation,
can be the startup mode. In some embodiments, the apparatus 20 can
be configured to request an input of the desired mode or sub-mode
of operation such that there is no generally pre-specified
operational mode.
With reference now to FIG. 6A, the apparatus 22 starts with the
depression of the power button 42. See S-1. In some configurations,
the power button 42 can be pressed and held for at least a minimum
period of time in order to start the apparatus 22. Upon starting,
one or more start screens can be presented on the screen or display
40 of the apparatus 22. See S-2. In some configurations, activation
of the apparatus 22 also can be indicated audibly. For example, the
apparatus 20 can include a speaker that emits a single solid tone,
a series of tones, a recorded or synthesized voice, music, a chime,
or other such noise or series of noises, for example but without
limitation.
With continued reference to FIG. 6A, when in the primary mode or
the primary mode's youth sub-mode, following the display of the
start screens, the illustrated configuration presents a screen that
indicates the last event. See S-3. As illustrated, if a successful
disinfection was the last event, then the apparatus 22 can indicate
the number of completed disinfection cycles and the time since the
last disinfection cycle, for example but without limitation. Also,
a graphical indicator can be presented of whether the apparatus 22
has been recently disinfected. In the illustrated embodiment, for
example but without limitation, there is a green light on a traffic
light. If the last event was not a successful disinfection, then a
different graphical indicator can be presented (e.g., an amber
light on a traffic light). In some configurations, such as the
illustrated configuration, the display will alternate between the
number of disinfection cycles completed and the time since the last
disinfection cycle.
After a period of time, the apparatus 22 begins a warm-up
procedure. In some configurations, during the warm-up procedure,
the heating element 30 is energized, which heats a water supply in
the chamber 70. With continued reference to FIG. 6A, a swirling
icon indicates the warm-up procedure is underway. See S-4. In some
configurations, the swirling icon comprises multiple stationary
images that, when played in series, provide the appearance of a
revolving circle animation. Other configurations also can be used
to create an animation indicative of on-going warm-up. The
animation, however, advantageously provides a visual indicator of
on-going activity. In some embodiments, the animation can include
text, sound, or some combination of images, animation, text, and/or
sound.
With continued reference to FIG. 6A, once the warm-up procedure has
been completed, the swirling icon (see S-4) changes to a check-mark
(i.e., tick). See S-5. The completion of the warm-up procedure also
can be indicated by an audible tone or range of tones (e.g.,
ascending scale of tones), a recorded voice or synthesized voice, a
chime, a series of tones, or the like. In the illustrated
configuration, the display 40 also shows a graphical depiction of
values for dew point temperature, flow rate, and oxygen alarm
level. This can be referred to as the main screen, the multiple
value screen, or the summary screen. In some embodiments, the main
screen can include additional or different information including,
but not limited to, an indication of a mode or sub-mode (e.g.,
transport mode indicators, youth sub-mode indicators, feedback
sub-mode indicators), values for other parameters, disinfection
information, or the like.
Advantageously, the multiple values shown on the screen are
concurrently displayed to provide a simple review of these values.
The readings can advantageously be displayed in other than a
straight line to improve readability. In other words, to aid
reading, one or more of the multiple values are offset relative to
the others of the multiple values. For example but without
limitation, in the illustrated configuration (see S-5), the
temperature is illustrated higher on the screen than the flow rate
and the flow rate is illustrated higher on the screen than the
oxygen alarm level. The display also can be provided with a screen
saver (see S-6) that displays after a set period of display
inactivity. In some embodiments, the screen saver can include
additional information, animations, or the like.
The menus and display screens of the apparatus 22 can
advantageously be configured to be graphics-based instead of, or in
addition to, being text-based. By displaying information, options,
menus, instructions, and the like in a graphical manner, the
display can be utilized in situations where different languages are
spoken and/or where multiple languages are spoken. This can reduce
or eliminate a need to translate instructions or information when
the apparatus is used in various locations. This can also reduce or
eliminate misunderstandings or mistakes that occur due to language
differences or inaccurate translations of text-based
information.
Mode Selection and High Level Settings
With reference to FIG. 6B, from the main screen (see S-5) a key
combination can be used to enter a top-level control menu, until
ready to use. See S-7. In the illustrated configuration, the key
combination comprises pressing the top three buttons (e.g., mute
key 44, up arrow key 46, down arrow key 50) for at least a minimum
period of time. In some configurations, the minimum period of time
is 10 seconds. Other key combinations and minimum periods of time
can be used.
In the illustrated configuration, the top-level control mode is
accessible in the default mode (e.g., the primary mode or the
secondary mode). The top-level control menu is used by individuals
other than the user or patient 10. For example, the top-level
control menu can be used by someone other than the ultimate
user/patient 10 or the healthcare provider. In some configurations,
the top-level control menu can be used by individuals authorized by
the owner, distributor, or manufacture of the apparatus 22 such
that various set points can be established for the owner that are
not available for use by the user (e.g., the user 10 is unaware of
the top-level control menu and/or the key combination used to
access the top-level control menu).
Upon entry into the top-level control menu, the illustrated
apparatus 22 enters a mode adjustment screen. See S-8. The mode
adjustment screen allows changing between the primary mode and the
secondary mode. The mode adjustment screen presents information
regarding the current mode (e.g., primary mode ("Primary"),
secondary mode ("Secondary"), etc.).
While the mode adjustment screen is presented (see S-8), pressing
and holding the up and down arrow keys together for a preset period
of time unlocks the mode for adjustment. See S-9. The up arrow key
46 and the down arrow key 50 enable changing between available
modes. Once a mode has been selected, pressing the mode button 52
reboots the machine in the selected mode. In some embodiments, the
apparatus 22 only reboots when the selected mode is different from
the previous mode.
In the illustrated configuration, while in the mode adjustment
screen (see S-8), pressing the mode button 52 activates a language
adjustment screen. See S-10. While the language adjustment screen
is presented, pressing and holding the up arrow key 46 and the down
arrow key 50 together for at least a minimum period of time unlocks
the language adjustment selection. See S-11. The up arrow key 46
and the down arrow key 50 enable changing between languages. Once a
language has been identified, pressing the mode button 52 confirms
the identified language setting.
In the illustrated configuration, while in the language adjustment
screen (see S-10), pressing the mode button 52 activates a target
limit adjustment screen. See S-12. While the target limit
adjustment screen is presented, pressing and holding the up arrow
key 46 and the down arrow key 50 together for at least a minimum
period of time unlocks the target limit adjustment. See S-13. In
the target limit adjustment screen, the limits (e.g., lower limit
and upper limit) between which target values can be set will be
adjustable. Thus, if an owner or provider of the apparatus 22
desires that the flow target be selected from within a range
between 15 L/min and 30 L/min at all times, those values can be set
using the target limit adjustment screen.
While any of a number of parameters can be monitored and/or
adjusted, the illustrated embodiment demonstrates monitoring,
using, setting and/or adjusting the dew point temperature, the flow
rate, the oxygen level, the oxygen setting, and the disinfection
setting, for example but without limitation. In the illustrated
configuration, the oxygen level is merely detected and is not
adjusted by the apparatus 22. In some embodiments, the values
defining the range are locked and, when in the target limit
adjustment screen (see S-12), depressing the up arrow key 46 and
the down arrow key 50 together for a set period of time can unlock
the values for adjustment. The unlocking of the values can be
audibly indicated through the speaker (e.g., a solid tone, series
of tones, music, chime, click, or the like).
With continued reference to FIG. 6B, in the illustrated
configuration, the lower limit for the temperature range can be
adjusted while the upper limit is not adjustable. In some
configurations, the upper limit is about 37 C. The lower limit, in
the illustrated configuration can be about 31 C. In some
configurations, the temperature can be adjusted in increments of 3
C and, as such, the lower limit temperature can be set to 31 C, 34
C or 37 C. In the illustrated configuration, both the upper limit
and the lower limit of the flow rate range can be adjusted. The
flow range can be adjusted in 5 L/min increments between about 50
and about 15. In the illustrated configuration, the oxygen alarm
level can be adjusted in 5% increments between about 90 and about
0. In some configurations, there is no lower limit for the oxygen
alarm level. The oxygen alarm level does not change the level of
oxygen supplied but is used to provide an alarm if the level of
oxygen being supplied is outside of a specified level.
In the illustrated configuration, the oxygen setting can be used to
indicate whether the oxygen source is 100% bottle oxygen or a lower
fraction from a concentrator which also has an argon content, for
example. See S-13.2. The oxygen concentration can be set and can
range between about 20% and about 100%. Typically, the oxygen
concentration can range between about 90% and about 95%. Pressing
the up and down buttons allows the user to select the oxygen source
and/or to adjust the oxygen concentration. Pressing the mode button
can lock-in or confirm the selection and/or toggle the selection of
the oxygen source. See S-13.4.
With continued reference to FIG. 6B, the disinfection setting can
be used to require a user to acknowledge a disinfection warning
(e.g., by pressing the mode button 52) when the apparatus is being
restarted in a defined disinfection state. See S-13.6. For example,
when an apparatus is turned on without being disinfected prior to
being shut off the last time it was in use, an amber or orange
indicator light can be displayed during startup. If disinfection
acknowledgement is selected, the user will be required to
acknowledge the warning by pressing the mode button 52 when the
indicator is displayed before resuming normal operation or startup.
This can be set to force an acknowledgement on the part of the
person operating the apparatus 22 that no disinfection mode has
been run on the apparatus 22 since it was last used. In other
words, the person operating the apparatus must consciously depress
the mode button 52 to acknowledge this information. Using the up
and down arrows can alternatively select and deselect this setting.
Pressing the mode button confirms the selection. See S-13.8.
In some embodiments, the person changing the settings is alerted to
the value being changed by a visual indicator. In the illustrated
configuration, the number being adjusted changes between a colored
number and a white number. In this manner, the number being
adjusted appears to be pulsating or blinking. For example, as the
user uses the mode button 52 to cycle from "temperature lower
limit" to "flow lower limit" to "flow upper limit" to "oxygen alarm
upper limit," the number being adjusted has the appearance of
blinking due to being displayed in more than one color in
succession.
In some embodiments, pressing the mode button allows the user to
cycle through the settings screens. When adjustments have been
made, the apparatus 22 reverts to the swirling icon (see S-4) or
the summary screen (see S-5) after an inactivity period has elapsed
or after a particular key combination is pressed (e.g., holding
down the mute, up, and down buttons for at least a minimum period
of time).
Value Level Settings
As discussed above, on the main multiple value screen (see S-5) of
the illustrated embodiment, the display screen 40 can illustrate
current dew point temperature, current flow rate and current oxygen
level, for example but without limitation. These values are based
upon real time readings. In some embodiments, the readings are made
during warm up as well as during use. During any changes to the
readings (e.g., until set points have been reached), the numbers
flash between a white illustration and a colored illustration to
provide a visual pulsing effect such as that described above. Once
a set point value (e.g., the target value) has been obtained, the
number will go solid.
With reference to FIG. 6C, in any mode, when not on the main screen
(e.g., when on the temperature target screen and/or the flow target
screen), depressing the mode button will cycle among a plurality of
values. The values can be represented by smaller icons or other
shapes that, when selected, increase in size and possibly detail.
The plurality of smaller icons or other shapes facilitate an
expandable scrolling menu that allows a large number of values to
be displayed even on a smaller display screen 40. See S-18.1. While
the illustrated configuration depicts a temperature target screen
(S-14), a flow rate target screen (S-15) and an oxygen level alarm
target screen (S-16), any number of additional screens can be
presented. For example, the apparatus 22 can display a day/night
sub-mode screen, a transport mode screen, or the like. Each of
these screens can be used to select a value within the preset range
(e.g., the range specified in S-12 and S13). In some
configurations, a default setting for the dew point temperature
target is 37 C.
In any mode, when not on the main screen, depressing the up and
down arrows together for at least a minimum period of time will
allow the user to adjust the temperature target (S-17) and/or the
flow rate target (S-18). In some configurations, these values are
locked and depressing the up arrow key 46 and the down arrow key 50
at the same time for at least a minimum period of time can unlock
the values. The unlocking of the values for adjustment can be
audibly indicated (e.g., a solid tone, series of tones, click,
voice, music, chimes, etc.).
Once unlocked, the values for the target temperature and the target
flow rate can be adjusted within the preset range of values using
the up arrow key and the down arrow key. See S-17 and S-18. For
example, in some configurations, the dew point temperature can be
adjusted between 31 C and 37 C. For example, 31 C might be used if
delivery of the flow is through a mask, while 37 C might be used
where upper airway is bypassed (e.g., tracheotomy) and 34 C might
be used for a small, petite patient receiving nasal gas delivery.
By way of further example, the flow rate may be adjusted within a
range of about 15 L/min. and 50 L/min. While not illustrated, the
oxygen level at which the apparatus will alarm can be adjusted
within a range of 20% and 90% (i.e., any adjustment of oxygen
levels will be made at the wall valve or another valve).
When on the temperature adjustment screen, pressing the mode button
52 for at least a minimum period of time (e.g., at least about 5
seconds) can display the transport mode screens. See S-17.1 and
S-17.2. The up and down arrows can be used to alternate between
selecting the normal mode or the transport mode. Pressing the mode
button again confirms the selection. In the transport mode, the
temperature setting for the heater plate can be reduced (e.g.,
typically to about 31 C from about 37 C in the normal mode). In
some embodiments, entering the transport mode can cause the
apparatus 22 to reduce or minimize power usage by the heater plate
80, motors, and the like. The reduction or minimization of power
can be done to reduce power consumption when connected to a
universal power supply ("UPS") for transportation from one location
to another when the apparatus cannot or will not be plugged into an
electrical socket. When in transport mode, the apparatus 22 can
have a countdown timer with a preset period of time (e.g., about 30
minutes), after the expiration of which the apparatus 22
automatically reverts to a normal mode of operation. The screen can
display the temperature setting and the countdown timer indicating
when the apparatus will automatically revert to a normal mode of
operation. In some embodiments, the countdown timer can be reset by
the user if the transportation will last longer than the timer
provides. In some embodiments, the apparatus reverts to the mode of
operation it was in prior to being put into the transportation
mode. In some embodiments, the transportation mode screen (S-17.2)
can display other information or indicators, such as a flow rate,
an oxygen setting, a youth-sub mode, or the like.
In some embodiments, the apparatus 22 can be configured to enter
transport mode when connected to a UPS. The apparatus 22 can be
configured to understand and communicate appropriate handshake
protocols with UPS systems so as to recognize when it is connected
to a UPS rather than an electrical wall socket. In some
embodiments, the apparatus 22 can remain in transport mode until
disconnected from the UPS and/or connected to an electrical wall
socket.
Following adjustment, the selected value will be locked after a set
period of time (e.g., five or seven seconds) or when the mode
button 52 is pressed to move to the next screen. After a preset
period of time, when adjustments have been made, the apparatus 22
reverts to the swirling icon (see S-4) or the summary screen (see
S-5) after an inactivity period has elapsed or when a defined key
combination has been pressed.
Youth Sub-Mode
In either the primary mode or the secondary mode, at any time
during warm-up (see S-4) or after the apparatus is ready for use
and when the main screen is visible (see S-5), the apparatus 22
enters a youth sub-mode when the mode button 52 is pressed for at
least a minimum period of time (e.g., about 10 seconds), as
illustrated in FIG. 6D. After each disinfection, which should be
performed after use and prior to a subsequent patient/user, the
apparatus 22 can be configured to require depression of the mode
button 52 to enter the youth sub-mode. This forces an
acknowledgement on the part of the person operating the apparatus
22 that the settings have changed. In other words, the person
operating the apparatus must consciously depress and hold the mode
button 52.
Upon entry into the youth sub-mode, one or more entrance screen can
be provided. See S-19. At least one entrance screen, in some
embodiments, is distinct from the default mode entrance screen. In
the illustrated configuration, attention-getting animations are
provided on the youth sub-mode entrance screen. The animations in
the illustrated configuration are a butterfly and a bird. The
butterfly and the bird move onto the screen. In some
configurations, the butterfly and the bird can move inward from the
edges of the screen to attract attention.
The apparatus 22, when first entering the youth sub-mode, can
adjust the target temperature and/or the target flow rate. In some
configurations, the target temperature is adjusted to a level lower
than the level available in the default (e.g., primary or
secondary) mode, which was discussed above. In some configurations,
the target temperature in the youth sub-mode is about 34 C. The
target flow rate can be set to the flow rate closest to the prior
setting in the default (e.g., primary or secondary) mode. If the
prior flow was above the youth sub-mode range, then the highest
flow in the range will be selected. If the prior flow was within
the youth sub-mode range, then the prior flow will be used. In some
configurations, if the target flow rate set in the default (e.g.,
primary or secondary) mode is above about 20 L/min, the target flow
rate will adjust to 20 L/min in the youth sub-mode. If the
apparatus 22 has been used in the youth sub-mode previously, the
apparatus 22 will recall the settings from the prior use in the
youth sub-mode and set the targets according to the prior settings.
See S-20.
An additional animation (e.g., an eye and water bag) also can be
provided to remind the person operating the apparatus 22 that the
water supply should be monitored because there may be no water out
alarm in the youth sub-mode. See S-21. Because the youth sub-mode
involves lower flow rates, the rate of evaporation is slower than
at higher flow rates. Because there may be no humidity sensor,
detection of low water conditions can be based upon a comparison of
the energy required to operate with a full chamber and the energy
required to run with no water in the chamber. In the default (e.g.,
primary or secondary) mode, if the current state is trending toward
no water, then an alarm is issued. At low flow rates, the
difference may be not large enough to detect reliably. The
detection is based upon the duty cycle applied to the heater plate.
Because less water is evaporated at low flow rates, the change may
be too subtle to reliably and repeatably detect.
Following the depiction of the animations, the new target settings
will be presented. See S-22. In addition, the swirling icon
discussed above can be presented to demonstrate visually that the
apparatus 22 is still warming up. Upon completion of the warm up,
the swirling icon can be replaced with a check-mark (i.e., tick).
See S-23. As discussed above, after a period of inactivity, a
screen saver mode can be entered. See S-24.
Feedback Sub-Mode
In any of the primary mode, the secondary mode, or the associated
youth sub-modes, the apparatus 22 can comprise a feedback sub-mode.
The feedback sub-mode can be selected by the user or can be
automatically selected by the apparatus. For example, if a detected
breathing rate exceeds a predetermined breathing rate, the
apparatus can enter the feedback sub-mode to assist the user in
attaining a desired breathing pattern or breathing rate. The
feedback sub-mode can provide visual and/or audible cues to coach a
patient/user to obtain the desired breathing pattern or breathing
rate.
Disinfection Mode
After shutdown, the disinfection conduit 82 can be connected to the
apparatus 22. On one end, the disinfection conduit 82 has the same
connector as the patient conduit 26. On the other end, the
disinfection conduit 82 is sized and configured to mate to the
outlet 72 from the flow generator. The heater wire 84 with the same
resistance as the heater wire 30 in the patient conduit 26 can be
installed within the disinfection conduit 82. In some embodiments,
the disinfection conduit 82 does not include a temperature sensor.
The disinfection conduit 82 can be coaxial in construction with an
insulating sleeve surrounding the conduit that defines the flow
path such that insulating air can be trapped between the inner
conduit and the outer sleeve.
The filter cap 86 can be joined to the end of the disinfection
conduit 82 opposite to the connector with the heater wire
connection. The cap 86 can be joined by a strap to the disinfection
conduit 82 to reduce the likelihood of the cap 86 being lost
between uses. During disinfection, the cap 86 can be installed over
the inlet 74 to the elbow 76, as will be described below.
In some embodiments, the elbow 76 is mechanically cleaned (e.g.,
bottle brush) and chemically cleaned before the disinfection
conduit 82 is connected to the elbow 76. The disinfection conduit
82 is connected to the outlet of the flow generator and the outlet
72 of the elbow 76 such that flow through the elbow 76 is reversed
relative to the norm.
The cap 86 can be installed over the other end of the elbow 76. The
cap 86 is secured with an outer sleeve that overlaps an outer
surface of the port. The cap comprises a filter medium and a
protruding member. The protruding member reduces the likelihood of
the cap being installed on the outlet from the flow generator
because the protruding member contacts a non-return valve
positioned within the outlet from the pressurized air source. The
protruding member also decreases the size of the flow path to
increase the velocity of the airflow through a non-heated region
disposed between the end of the heated disinfection conduit 82 and
the discharge point of the filter cap 86. In addition, the rapid
expansion of the higher speed airflow as it exits the cap 86 causes
a rapid decrease in temperature of the air. Thus, there is a high
disinfection temperature right up until the discharge point of the
filter cap 86, following which the temperature drops
dramatically.
With reference to FIG. 7, with disinfection conduit 82 installed,
the apparatus 22 is turned on by pressing the power key 42. See
U-1. The system detects the disinfection conduit 82 because the
temperature sensor is not included in the disinfection conduit 82
but the resistance of the heater wire 84 is detected. Because of
the detection of the presence of the disinfection conduit 82, the
disinfection mode begins and start screens are provided to the
display 40. See U-2. Other manners of starting the disinfection
mode also can be used.
The display then presents a swirling icon similar to that described
above to indicate that the apparatus 22 is warming up. See U-3. In
some embodiments, the swirling icon has a different color to
indicate that the apparatus 22 is warming up for disinfection mode
instead of normal operation. In some configurations, other
animations or indicators can be used.
The apparatus 22 monitors usage conditions and, when a target usage
limit has been reached, the apparatus 22 provides a suggestion to
replace the inlet air filter. See U-4. As shown in FIGS. 8A-8D, in
the illustrated configuration, the apparatus 22 presents an
animation illustrating removal and replacement of the air
filter.
The animation presents the cover being removed, the old filter
being removed, the new filter being inserted and the cover being
replaced. The animation can comprise a plurality of frames that
show slight movement from one frame to the next such that
presenting the frames in series provides a visual animation. In
some embodiments, a portion of the image sequence presents a
"zoomed-in" display of a portion of the apparatus, such as the
filter cover in FIG. 8C. This may be advantageous to show detailed
visual information and/or to present detailed visual information on
a relatively small display or a display with relatively few pixels
(e.g., a display with a relatively low resolution). In some
embodiments, the apparatus 22 can be configured to produce an
audible cue or sound at the time in the animation when the filter
cover is shown as being closed, the audible cue being used to
indicate that a sound should be produced when the filter cover is
correctly closed. Other animations and/or audible cues can be
used.
Returning to FIG. 7, the apparatus 22 can be configured to request
an acknowledgment of an indication to replace the filter. In the
illustrated configuration, the apparatus 22 requests pressing of
the mode button 52 in order to proceed with disinfection.
Accordingly, the suggestion to replace the air filter is
acknowledged through the pressing of the mode button 52.
As discussed above, during start-up, a colored swirling icon can be
used. See U-3. Following start-up, the system monitors temperature
in the elbow 76 to detect whether the temperature is rising fast
enough in accordance with a disinfection mode. Because the
disinfection conduit 82 has a heater 84 and because the airflow is
being heated by the heater 84 prior to delivery to the sensor in
the elbow 76, the temperature profile varies relative to having a
breathing conduit 26 with a heater 30 positioned after the elbow 76
and a chamber 70 positioned before the elbow 76.
During the disinfection process, a counter is used to show
progress. See U-5. The counter can count down the amount of time
remaining in the disinfection mode. Pressing the mode button 52
will present a graphical display that updates to show progress of
the disinfection. See U-6. The graphical display can be temperature
over time and a colored bar can be presented to graphically depict
the amount of time over a set temperature (e.g., 90 C). In some
embodiments, this is a display that dynamically updates as the
disinfection cycle progresses. At the end of the disinfection
cycle, the display alternates between announcing a successful
completion and the total number of successful disinfections. In
some embodiments, announcing the successful completion can comprise
displaying visual information, emitting a sound, or some
combination of both visual and audible cues.
Secondary Mode
As discussed above, the apparatus 22 can be operated in a secondary
mode, which can be designed for more intermittent use (e.g., home
use). With reference to FIGS. 9A-9C, in the secondary mode, the
apparatus 22 operates in many ways similar to the operation of the
apparatus 22 in the primary mode. One of the differences, however,
relates to the setting of values.
With reference to FIG. 9A, in the illustrated embodiment, the
display screen 40 either illustrates the swirling icon (see T-1)
discussed above or a checkmark (i.e., tick) (see T-2) also
discussed above. As discussed above, current dew point temperature,
current flow rate and current oxygen level, for example but without
limitation, can be monitored by the apparatus. These values are
based upon real time readings. In some embodiments, the readings
are made during warm up as well as during use.
In the secondary mode, when the swirling icon (T-1) or the
checkmark (T-2) is presented, depressing the mode button 52 will
cycle among a plurality of values (T-4, T-5, and T-6), similar to
the process depicted in FIG. 6C. The values can be represented by
smaller icons or other shapes that, when selected, increase in size
and possibly detail. The plurality of smaller icons or other shapes
facilitate an expandable scrolling menu that allows a large number
of values to be displayed even on a smaller display screen 40, as
shown in S-18.1.
While the illustrated configuration depicts a temperature target
screen (T-4), a flow rate target screen (T-5) and an oxygen level
alarm screen (T-6), any number of additional screens can be
presented. In some configurations, a screen can be provided for
night-use sub-mode. In the night use sub-mode, non-alarming noises
are quieted or cancelled and the brightness of the display screen
40 is adjusted. In some configurations, the apparatus also can
display the number of hours, the average hours per day and a value
that can be used by a doctor to confirm that accurate numbers are
being provided by the user. Moreover, compliance data can be
exported using any suitable technique. For example, a serial cable
can be plugged into a data port and a USB based modem. Each of
these screens can be used to review data or select a value within a
preset range. In some embodiments, in the secondary mode, the
values are not locked and are easily adjusted without performing an
unlocking operation, which can be different from the primary mode
as described with reference to FIG. 6C. After a period of
inactivity, when adjustments have been made, the apparatus 22
reverts to the swirling icon (see T-1) or the checkmark screen (see
T-2).
Comparing FIGS. 6A-6D with FIGS. 9A-9C, another distinction can be
shown between the youth sub-mode in the primary mode and the youth
sub-mode in the secondary mode. In particular, during warm up
(S-22), (T-7) and following warm up (S-23), (T-8), in the primary
mode, data is presented regarding various characteristics of
operation while, in the secondary mode, the screen does not present
the data. This is similar to the screen shown after warm up in the
secondary mode (compare S-5 and T-2). While it is possible to
present the data in the secondary mode, such data may be less
relevant to an intermittent, home-type of user.
Drying Mode in Secondary Mode
Following use in the secondary mode, the user presses the power
button 42. Upon shut-down, an audible alert is made and the
apparatus 22 enters a drying mode. During drying mode, the
apparatus 22 turns off power to the heater plate 80, increases the
temperature in the conduit 26 by increasing the heat generated by
the heater wire 30 and the flow rate is changed to an appropriate
value. In some applications, the flow rate is set to about 15 L/min
in default mode (e.g., primary mode or secondary mode) or about 10
L/min in the youth sub-modes.
In some configurations, during the drying sub-mode, the apparatus
22, including the conduit 26, is controlled to maintain total
enthalpy below a desired enthalpy limit as measured at the
patient/user end of the conduit 26. For example, as the chamber
cools, the temperature of the conduit 26 can be increased by
increasing the heat output of the conduit heater wire 30. In some
configurations, the enthalpy limit is less than about 194 kJ/kg dry
gas when averaged over 30 seconds. In some configurations, the
enthalpy limit is about 194 kJ/Kg dry gas when averaged over 30
seconds.
The drying sub-mode continues for a drying period. At the end of
the drying period, the apparatus 22 shuts down.
Fault Conditions
During operation in any of the modes or sub-modes, a number of
operating conditions for the apparatus 22 are monitored for fault
conditions. Each fault condition that is correctable by a user can
be configured to have one or more animations showing the problem
and/or how to fix the problem. As described above with respect to
replacing the filter (see FIGS. 8A-8D), each animation can comprise
a plurality of frames that show slight movement from one frame to
the next such that presenting the frames in series provides a
visual animation. While certain animations will be discussed below,
other animations can be used. Accordingly, the apparatus 22 can be
configured to detect fault conditions, select an appropriate
animation to display, and detect when the fault condition has been
corrected. The selected animation can highlight or indicate the
location or components causing the fault condition, illustrate how
to correct the fault condition, and provide indicators of success
in correcting the fault condition. In some embodiments, the
animation only proceeds to a following step when the current step
is completed. In some embodiments, the animation is repeated until
the fault condition is corrected. In some embodiments, the
animation is automatically stopped when the fault condition is
corrected. When a fault condition occurs, the apparatus 22 can
provide an alarm that can include any combination of audible sounds
and visual indicators. The alarm can continue until the fault
condition is corrected. For example, the alarm can be configured to
automatically cease when the apparatus 22 detects that the problem
has been fixed.
In some embodiments, the animations can include a series of images
that present "zoomed-in" pictures or animations of the apparatus
22. For example, for selected parts of the animation, the zoomed-in
animation can show sections of the apparatus 22 in more detail to
illustrate elements that may otherwise be unclear on a display 40
with a relatively low resolution, such as the display 40 that may
be included on the apparatus 22. For example, the series of images
can include a first subset of images depicting the apparatus 22
with a first level of detail and a second subset of images
depicting a second level of detail, the second level of detail
being greater than the first level of detail. This second level of
detail can be a zoomed-in depiction of the apparatus, and the
zoomed-in depiction can be configured to include a region of
interest on the apparatus 22 meriting attention.
In some configurations, noises or audible cues can be used in
conjunction with the animations. The audible cues can be timed to
coincide with the display of actions in the animations. In some
embodiments, the audible cues are configured to simulate or
approximate a sound that would be produced when the animated action
occurs.
In some configurations, flashing lights, colors, glowing effects,
and/or other visual cues can be presented in the animations to
indicate portions of the address meriting attention (e.g., showing
a glowing red effect around a region of interest). These components
may be in fault or may be one of the causes of the fault condition
that triggered the animation. The visual cues can also be used to
indicate the corrected problem, such as how a component should be
positioned when it is in the correct location (e.g., showing a
glowing green effect around the corrected region of interest). For
example, the chamber 70 can be animated to glow red when not
properly seated in the apparatus 22, and the animation can
illustrate the chamber being correctly positioned and the glowing
changing to a green effect.
With reference to FIGS. 8A-8D, if the apparatus 22 detects that a
filter replacement is warranted (e.g., if the apparatus 22 detects
that it has been in use without a filter replacement for over a
minimum number of hours, an example of which is described with
reference to U-4 in FIG. 7), the apparatus 22 can display a series
of images depicting removal and replacement of a filter. For
example, FIGS. 8A-8D depict removal of the filter cover, exposing
the filter. Beginning at the bottom of FIG. 8A and into FIG. 8B,
the series of images depict the used filter being removed from the
apparatus. Beginning at the bottom of FIG. 8B and into FIG. 8C, the
series of images depict the new filter being installed into the
apparatus. Once the filter is installed, the series of images
depict closing the filter cover. The series of images include a
zoomed-in depiction of the filter cover being fastened onto the
apparatus housing starting in FIG. 8C and into FIG. 8D. The
zoomed-in series of images present the filter cover and housing in
greater detail to provide more information to the user to enable
the user to better close and secure the filter cover in place. In
some embodiments, the apparatus 22 can play an audible cue (e.g., a
clicking noise or other appropriate sound) to coincide with the
depiction of the filter cover being correctly seated or locked-in,
as illustrated in the final image in FIG. 8D. The audible cue can
be configured to provide the user with an indication of an expected
sound to be produced when the animated action is performed
correctly.
With reference to FIG. 10, if a disconnection from the conduit
heater wire is detected, the apparatus indicates a removal of the
circuit. See W-1. There can be an audible alarm (e.g., three short
monotones, single tone, series of tones, chime, music, etc.) that
indicates a disconnection of the circuit. The display can show an
animation of the circuit being removed and being reconnected. Some
of the images from such an animation are shown in FIG. 11. For
example, the series of images in FIG. 11 depict the circuit being
removed from the apparatus by disengaging the connector from the
outlet end of the elbow and lifting the circuit. In some
embodiments, the apparatus 22 can emit an audible cue when the
circuit is depicted as being removed from the apparatus. The
audible cue can be configured to approximate or simulate a sound
that would be produced when disengaging the circuit from the
apparatus.
If a loss of resistance to flow is detected (e.g., a system leak, a
dislodged interface, a dislodged chamber, etc.), there can be an
audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone, series of
tones, chime, music, etc.) that indicates a leak in the system. The
display 40 can show an animation or a series of animations. For
example but without limitation, the animations can demonstrate
reseating the chamber and reseating the interface to the circuit.
Similarly, if the apparatus is in the youth sub-mode and an adult
cannula is connected, the system indicates a possible leak and
issues an audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone,
series of tones, chime, music, etc.). The apparatus 22 also can
present an illustration showing the connection of the youth
sub-mode cannula (e.g., infant cannula).
If a higher than expected resistance to flow is detected (e.g., a
system blockage), there can be an audible alarm (e.g., three short
monotones, single tone, series of tones, chime, music, etc.) that
indicates a blockage in the system. See W-3. The display 40 can
show an animation or a series of animations. For example but
without limitation, the animations can demonstrate unkinking a
hose, determining if the youth sub-mode interface is installed in
the default primary mode or secondary mode, unclogging a nasal
cannula, or the like.
If oxygen content is detected above the set level, the system can
issue an audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone,
series of tones, chime, music, etc.) and can present an animation
illustrating how to decrease the flow of oxygen at the wall
connection. See W-4. Similarly, if oxygen content is detected below
the set level, the system can issue an audible alarm (e.g., three
short monotones, single tone, series of tones, chime, music, etc.)
and can present an animation illustrating how to increase the flow
of oxygen at the wall connection. See W-5.
If the water level is detected to be low or empty, the system can
issue an audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone,
series of tones, chime, music, etc.) and can present an animation
illustrating how to remove a depleted water bag and attach a new
water bag. See W-6.
If an oxygen supply is detected during operation in the
disinfection mode, the apparatus 22 can issue an audible alarm
(e.g., three short monotones, single tone, series of tones, chime,
music, etc.) and can present an animation illustrating how to
remove the oxygen supply. See W-7. In some embodiments, when such a
condition is presented, power is not provided to the conduit heater
84 until after the condition has been rectified.
The apparatus 22 might alarm if the apparatus 22 detects a
disconnection, depletion or prolonged interruption of the oxygen
supply (e.g., if the oxygen level drops below a certain percentage
for a preset period of time, if there is a sudden drop or change in
the oxygen level or both). In some configurations, the alarm
triggering thresholds indicative of oxygen level events can be
different in different modes or sub-modes. In some embodiments,
when such a condition is presented, the apparatus can issue an
audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone, series of
tones, chime, music, etc.) and the display can present an animation
illustrating how to check the connection of the oxygen supply.
The apparatus 22 also might alarm if user breathing is no longer
detected. In some embodiments, when such a condition is presented,
the apparatus can issue an audible alarm (e.g., three short
monotones, single tone, series of tones, chime, music, etc.) and
the display can present an animation illustrating how to check for
a displaced user interface, a disconnected user interface or an
adverse clinical event.
The apparatus 22 might alarm if a user breathing rate exceeds a
predetermined limit. In some embodiments, when such a condition is
presented, the apparatus can issue an audible alarm (e.g., three
short tones) and the display can present an animation demonstrating
the breathing rate, for example but without limitation.
Any number of other fault conditions also can be detected and other
alarms can ensue from such fault conditions. For example, but
without limitation, the apparatus 22 might alarm if the target dew
point temperature cannot be reached, if the target flow rate cannot
be reached, or if there is another operating condition that should
be checked and/or corrected. Any or all of these can be indicated
with an audible alarm (e.g., three short monotones, single tone,
series of tones, chime, music, etc.) and/or an animation or other
fault code screen. See W-8. In some embodiments, the audible alarm
can be accompanied by animations and the animations and/or the
audible alarms can stop automatically when the apparatus 22 detects
that the fault conditions has been fixed. Accordingly, the
apparatus 22 can be configured to automatically detect the presence
and rectification of fault conditions.
The display also can show an international symbol for alarm (e.g.,
a symbol compliant with IEC 60601-1-8). See W-9. If the mute button
is depressed during the alarm, a mute symbol is displayed on the
screen and the sound from the alarm can be disabled for a set
period of time (e.g., 120 seconds). See W-10. Once any fault
condition is resolved, an audible notification can result (e.g.,
three climbing scale tones) and the system can revert to normal
operation.
Thus, in some configurations, the apparatus 22 is configured to
prompt users to perform maintenance tasks and troubleshooting
through the use of animations or other graphical displays. For
example, the apparatus can indicate a desire for a filter
replacement as well as coach an individual through changing the
filter with a visual representation of the actions to be taken. By
way of other examples, the apparatus 22 can indicate how to perform
disinfection or how to clean the device.
Moreover, in some configurations, the apparatus 22 can recognize
certain fault conditions with the apparatus 20 and coach a person
to correct the recognized fault through a video animation of the
corrective action or corrective actions desired. For example, where
several different causes can underlie a detected loss of resistance
to flow, the apparatus 22 can demonstrate several connections and
other components to check to restore the anticipated resistance to
flow. Where fault codes are primarily used in the apparatus 22 to
indicate fault conditions (e.g., E14), it may be problematic for
the user 10 to know how to correct the fault based solely upon the
fault codes provided by the apparatus 22. Thus, presentation of
animations, visual cues, and audible cues can facilitate the
rectification of fault conditions.
FIGS. 12A-12M illustrates a series of images used in an example
animation showing a chamber installation sequence. The animation
can be used to indicate a region of interest causing the fault
condition. As an example, this is illustrated in FIGS. 12A and 12B
which, when alternated, display a flashing glowing region
surrounding the chamber. In some embodiments, the flashing glowing
region surrounding the chamber is red, but other colors can be
used. The animation can continue and display another glowing region
indicating an action to be taken by the user. An example of this is
shown in FIGS. 12C and 12D which, when alternated, display a
flashing glowing region surrounding the user's fingers where force
should be applied to the chamber. The flashing glowing region can
be colored green to show that this is a correct action, and other
colors may be used. The animation can show the result of performing
the action indicated in FIGS. 12C-12E, by showing the chamber slide
into place in the apparatus (shown in FIGS. 12F-12M). The animation
can zoom-in to the apparatus to show greater detail. For example,
the animation can zoom-in beginning in FIG. 12F to show the finger
guard move into place once the chamber is clear of the guard (as
shown in FIG. 12L). Prior to the chamber being clear of the guard,
the animation can show the finger guard with a flashing glowing
region surrounding it (as shown when FIGS. 121 and 12J are
presented in an alternating fashion), and the flashing glowing
region can be a first color (e.g., red). When the chamber is
correctly positioned, as shown in FIG. 12L, the finger guard can be
shown with a differently colored (e.g., green) flashing glowing
region (as shown when FIGS. 12L and 12M are presented in an
alternating fashion). The animation can be accompanied by an
audible cue, such as a clicking sound, when the finger guard moves
into position in FIG. 12L. The audible cue can be configured to
approximate or simulate the sound of the finger guard clicking into
position when the chamber is correctly positioned.
Although the disclosure herein has been presented in terms of some
embodiments, other embodiments apparent to those of ordinary skill
in the art also are within the scope of this disclosure. Thus,
various changes and modifications may be made without departing
from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. For instance, various
components may be repositioned as desired. Moreover, not all of the
features, aspects and advantages are necessarily required to
practice embodiments encompassed by this disclosure. Accordingly,
the scope of each of the claimed inventions is intended to be
defined only by the claims that follow.
* * * * *