U.S. patent number 10,549,500 [Application Number 14/757,694] was granted by the patent office on 2020-02-04 for adhesive tape having a stitch-bonded nonwoven carrier.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Coroplast Fritz Muller GmbH & Co. KG. The grantee listed for this patent is Coroplast Fritz Muller GmbH & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Christoph Lodde, Guido Vorwerk, Gulay Wittig.
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United States Patent |
10,549,500 |
Wittig , et al. |
February 4, 2020 |
Adhesive tape having a stitch-bonded nonwoven carrier
Abstract
An adhesive tape includes a carrier having a stitch bonded
nonwoven and an adhesive layer that is applied to one side of the
carrier, wherein the stitch bonded nonwoven is formed from fibers,
which are stitched with sewing threads. The adhesive tape has
improved abrasion resistance while simultaneously avoiding
flagging. The sewing threads may have a thread linear density of at
least 80 dtex.
Inventors: |
Wittig; Gulay (Bochum,
DE), Vorwerk; Guido (Warendorf, DE), Lodde;
Christoph (Hozwickede, DE) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Coroplast Fritz Muller GmbH & Co. KG |
Wuppertal |
N/A |
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
Coroplast Fritz Muller GmbH &
Co. KG (Wuppertal, DE)
|
Family
ID: |
56097741 |
Appl.
No.: |
14/757,694 |
Filed: |
December 23, 2015 |
Prior Publication Data
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|
|
Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20160176155 A1 |
Jun 23, 2016 |
|
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
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Dec 23, 2014 [DE] |
|
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10 2014 119 521 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06M
15/643 (20130101); D06M 15/263 (20130101); D06M
15/693 (20130101); D06M 15/564 (20130101); B32B
5/10 (20130101); B32B 27/308 (20130101); B32B
2307/554 (20130101); B32B 2307/204 (20130101); B32B
27/12 (20130101); B32B 2262/0261 (20130101); B32B
5/022 (20130101); B32B 2262/0276 (20130101); B32B
2307/5825 (20130101); B32B 2307/712 (20130101); B32B
2307/50 (20130101); B32B 2405/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B32B
5/10 (20060101); B32B 5/02 (20060101); B32B
27/12 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;442/335,150 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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102006006405 |
|
Aug 2007 |
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DE |
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202008013541 |
|
Jan 2009 |
|
DE |
|
0 668 336 |
|
Aug 2001 |
|
EP |
|
Other References
Search Report from corresponding French application No. FR 1553595
dated Jan. 5, 2018 (6 pgs). cited by applicant .
Coroplast Tapes Catalogue 2016, (96 pages). cited by applicant
.
Coroplast Adhesive Tape, Wire Harness Tapes, Fields of Application
information, undated, (3 pages). cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Choi; Peter Y
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Brinks Gilson & Lione
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. An adhesive tape comprising a carrier having a stitch bonded
nonwoven and an adhesive layer applied to one side of the carrier,
wherein the stitch bonded nonwoven consists of fibers and sewing
threads forming a fiber structure, the sewing threads having a
thread linear density between 84 dtex and 167 dtex and being sewn
through the fibers and stitched into the fibers with a stitch
length between 1.0 mm and 1.6 mm, wherein the fibers comprise long
fibers having a fiber length L.sub.1 between 60 mm and 120 mm and
short fibers having a fiber length L.sub.2 between 35 mm and 55 mm,
wherein a percentage of the long fibers is between 60% and 80%, and
a percentage of the short fibers is between 20% and 40%, wherein
the long fibers and short fibers are only bonded by mechanical
attachment by stitch bonding within the fiber structure, except of
a bonding by adhesive in the tape.
2. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein at least some of
the sewing threads are made in part or completely of polyamide.
3. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein at least some of
the sewing threads are made in part or completely of polyester
(PES).
4. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the sewing
threads are stitched into the stitch bonded nonwoven with a
fineness between F 14 and F 22.
5. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
tape has an abrasion resistance that is greater than 1500 rub
cycles in accordance with standard LV 312.
6. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
tape has a Class D noise reduction rating in accordance with
standard LV 312.
7. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
tape has a tensile strength between 55 N/cm and 120 N/cm in
accordance with standard LV 312.
8. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the stitch
bonded nonwoven has a tear propagation resistance of at least 30000
mN in accordance with standard LV 312.
9. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the stitch
bonded nonwoven has an elongation at break between 20% and 60% in
accordance with standard LV 312.
10. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the stitch
bonded nonwoven has a tensile strength between 45 N/cm and 120 N/cm
in accordance with standard LV 312.
11. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein at least some
of the fibers of the stitch bonded nonwoven are made in part or
completely of polyester (PES).
12. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the long fibers
have a fiber linear density between 2 dtex and 5 dtex.
13. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the short
fibers have a fiber linear density between 5 dtex and 8 dtex.
14. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the stitch
bonded nonwoven has a grammage between 200 g/m.sup.2 and 260
g/m.sup.2.
15. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the stitch
bonded nonwoven has a thickness between 1.0 mm and 1.6 mm.
16. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
layer has an application weight between 100 g/m.sup.2 and 150
g/m.sup.2.
17. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
layer comprises pressure-sensitive adhesives.
18. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
tape has an elongation at break between 25% and 45% in accordance
with standard LV 312.
19. The adhesive tape according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive
layer comprises a UV-cured polyacrylate.
20. An adhesive tape comprising a carrier having a stitch bonded
nonwoven and an adhesive layer applied to one side of the carrier,
wherein the stitch bonded nonwoven consists of fibers and sewing
threads forming a fiber structure, the sewing threads having a
thread linear density between 84 dtex and 167 dtex and being sewn
through the fibers and stitched into the fibers with a stitch
length between 1.0 mm and 1.6 mm, wherein the fibers comprise long
fibers having a fiber length L.sub.1 between 60 mm and 120 mm and
short fibers having a fiber length L.sub.2 between 35 mm and 55 mm,
wherein a percentage of the long fibers is between 60% and 80%, and
a percentage of the short fibers is between 20% and 40%, wherein
the long fibers and short fibers are only bonded by mechanical
attachment by stitch bonding within the fiber structure, except of
a bonding by adhesive in the tape; wherein all threads are made
from the same material and completely consist of a polyamide or a
polyester.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority to German Patent Application No.
10 2014 119 521.3, filed Dec. 23, 2014.
FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention relates to an adhesive tape including a carrier
having a stitch bonded nonwoven and an adhesive layer that is
applied to one side of the carrier, wherein the stitch bonded
non-woven is formed from fibers, which are stitched with sewing
threads.
A stitch bonded nonwoven is understood to refer to a textile fiber
structure including a plurality of fiber layers that are stitched
to one another by means of sewing thread.
BACKGROUND
An adhesive tape having a carrier that is formed from a stitch
bonded nonwoven is known, for example from EP 0 668 336 B2. In
addition, an adhesive tape of the above mentioned type is also sold
under the product name, Coroplast 8579 X. The known types of
adhesive tape are suitable for wrapping cable harnesses in motor
vehicles, for example in order to avoid abrasion. Abrasion is
caused when cables come into contact with the chassis or other
parts, for example. The adhesive tapes of the type specified must
meet the requirements of the unified standards in terms of their
performance characteristics, in particular the Norm LV 312 (October
2009). This standard classifies adhesive tapes in terms of their
properties for use in the automotive industry, preferably for
bundling and wrapping cables and automotive wiring harnesses. The
above mentioned standard was prepared by representatives from the
automotive manufacturers, AUDI AG, BMW AG, Daimler AG, Porsche AG
and Volkswagen AG. When the LV 312 standard is mentioned below, the
corresponding October 2009 version is meant.
The performance characteristics of adhesive tapes include, for
example, the adhesive strength on the reverse side of the tape and
the unwinding force, as well as the ability to tear said tape
manually. Additional performance characteristics include the
adhesive strength on specific materials, the thickness, the
elongation at break, the tensile strength, the tear propagation
resistance and the abrasion resistance.
There are adhesive tapes with different abrasion properties,
depending on the area of application.
To date, the convention has been to increase the thickness of the
carrier material in order to improve, which is to say, reduce the
abrasion. In so doing, however, it is necessary to take into
account the fact that the stiffness of the adhesive tape will
increase as a result, which makes the adhesive tape more prone to
flagging. Flagging is the tendency for the end of an adhesive tape
to stick out.
The object of the invention is to improve the usage properties of
adhesive tapes known to date of the above-described type. In
particular, an adhesive tape is to be provided having improved
abrasion properties while maintaining a high noise damping.
BRIEF SUMMARY
An object of the invention is to improve the performance
characteristics of previously known adhesive tapes of the above
mentioned type. In particular, an adhesive tape having improved
abrasion resistance while simultaneously avoiding flagging is
disclosed herein.
In one embodiment, the sewing threads have a thread linear density
of at least 80 dtex. As such, adhesive tapes having a nonwoven
according to the invention may be thinner than adhesive tapes of
the above mentioned type. As a result, the abrasion resistance and
the tensile strength of the adhesive tape can be advantageously
improved.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sewing threads
have a thread linear density in the range of 80 dtex to 170 dtex,
preferably in a range of 84 dtex to 167 dtex. Here, it has been
shown that the tensile strength of the adhesive tape according to
the invention can be adjusted by means of the thread size: The
larger the thread size, the higher the force that must be applied
in order to tear the adhesive tape (tensile strength) along the
direction in which the adhesive tape extends. Larger thread sizes
also have the advantage that the adhesive strength on reverse side
of the tape can be reduced. It is also conceivable that stitch
bonded nonwovens could be produced with sewing threads having a
thread linear density of up to 220 dtex and even up to 330
dtex.
At least a portion of the sewing threads, and preferably all of the
sewing threads, may advantageously be made in part or completely of
polyester (PES), preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Threads made of polyester are tear-resistant and weatherproof. In
addition, the hygroscopic property of such threads, i.e. the
tendency of fibers to absorb moisture, is advantageously low.
Furthermore, it is thereby possible to produce adhesive tapes in
which a greater tensile strength must be applied in order to tear
the tape along the direction said tape extends, as compared to
adhesive tapes of the type specified above.
In addition, it can be advantageous that at least a portion of the
sewing threads, or even all of the sewing threads, are made in part
or completely of polyamide. Polyamide threads that are stitched
into the stitch bonded nonwoven can improve the tensile strength of
the adhesive tape according to the invention as compared to the
adhesive tapes of the prior art.
The sewing threads can be stitched into the stitch bonded nonwoven
with a stitch length s in a range of 0.8 mm to 2.4 mm. In this
case, stitch length is understood to refer to the spacing between
the insertion point of the sewing needle into the raw fiber
structure that forms the raw nonwoven and the exit of said needle.
As such, stitching having a stitch length in a range of 1.0 mm to
1.6 mm, in particular in a range of 1.1 mm to 1.2 mm, represents a
preferred range for stitching the sewing threads with the stitch
bonded nonwoven. The "longitudinal stability", i.e. the resistance
of the stitch bonded nonwoven against tearing along the direction
in which said nonwoven extends, can be adjusted using the stitch
length.
In particular, the sewing threads in the stitch bonded nonwoven can
be stitched with a fineness in a range of F 7 to F 28, and
preferably stitched in a range of F 14 to F 22.
The fineness F is indicated in units of n/25 mm and is a measure of
the stitch density, wherein n is the number of stitch-forming
needles. Said fineness is based on the "English fineness number,"
which, in a numbering system used in a knitting machine, indicates
the number n of needles per one English inch (25.4 mm), and thus
the stitch density. As such, this fineness F has been standardized
in DIN ISO 8188:2009-02, "Textile machinery and
accessories--Pitches of knitting machines."
Insofar as the sewing threads are commonly used to reinforce the
stitch bonded nonwoven and to prevent individual fibers from being
torn out when the adhesive tape is removed from the tape roll, the
"transverse stability" perpendicular to the direction in which the
adhesive tape extends can be advantageously adjusted using the
fineness F.
The adhesive tape advantageously has an abrasion resistance in the
Class D to Class E range in accordance with the LV 312 standard.
This means that the adhesive tape can withstand, in particular, at
least 1500 rub cycles, and preferably a number of rub cycles in a
range of 1600 to 8000. An overview of the abrasion resistance
ratings in accordance with the LV 312 standard (October 2009) is
presented in the following Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Classification according to abrasion
properties in accordance with LV 312 (10/2009). Abrasion rating
Requirement A no abrasion protection <100 rub cycles B low
degree of abrasion protection 100-499 rub cycles C average degree
of abrasion protection 500-999 rub cycles D high degree of abrasion
protection 1,000-4,999 rub cycles E very degree of abrasion
protection 5,000-14,999 rub cycles F extremely high degree of
abrasion 15,000-29,999 rub cycles G abrasion protection for special
.gtoreq.30,000 rub cycles
The adhesive tape according to the invention may, in particular,
have a Class D noise reduction rating in accordance with the LV 312
standard. This categorization corresponds to a noise reduction that
is greater than 10 dB(A) through and including 15 dB(A). An
overview of the noise reduction rating system in accordance with
the LV 312 standard (October 2009) is presented in the following
Table 2.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Classification according to noise abating
properties in accordance with LV 312 (10/2009). Noise reduction
rating Requirement A no noise reduction 0 to .ltoreq. 2 dB(A) B low
degree of noise reduction >2 to .ltoreq. 5 dB(A) C average
degree of noise >5 to .ltoreq. 10 dB(A) D high degree of noise
reduction >10 to .ltoreq. 15 dB(A) E very high degree of noise
>15 dB(A)
In addition, it can be advantageous that the adhesive tape have a
tensile strength in the range of 55 N/cm to 120 N/cm in accordance
with the LV 312 standard. As such, the tensile strength is a
measure of the resilience of the adhesive tape.
In particular, the stitch bonded nonwoven has a tear propagation
resistance of at least 30,000 mN in accordance with the LV 312
standard. The tear propagation resistance is hereby an influencing
factor in the stability of the stitch bonded nonwoven as a carrier
material for an adhesive tape.
The stitch bonded nonwoven preferably has an elongation at break in
the range of 20% to 60% in accordance with the LV 312 standard.
Like the tear propagation resistance, the elongation at break is an
influencing factor in the stability of the stitch bonded nonwoven
as a carrier material for an adhesive tape.
The stitch bonded nonwoven advantageously has a tensile strength in
the range of 45 N/cm to 120 N/cm in accordance with the LV 312
standard.
In addition, it can be advantageous that at least a portion of the
fibers of the nonwoven, and preferably all of the fibers, are made
in part or completely of polyester (PES), in particular
polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyester fibers are advantageous
since such fibers are of low thickness, and have a high resilience
and elongation at break, a very good dielectric behavior, low water
absorption as well as low wear, for example.
The stitch bonded nonwoven preferably contains long fibers, wherein
the long fibers have a fiber length in the range of 60 mm to 120
mm. The stitch bonded nonwoven may be made exclusively of different
types of long fibers or a combination of long and short fibers. It
is also conceivable that the stitch bonded nonwoven is made
exclusively of short fibers. As such, the short fibers preferably
have a fiber length in the range of 35 mm to 55 mm. The definition
of long fibers and short fibers pursuant to the application thus
differs from the definition used for natural fibers, according to
which, short fibers have a length in the range of 40 mm to 100 mm,
and long fibers have a length greater than 100 mm.
The thickness of a nonwoven can be adjusted by means of the
percentage of long fibers and short fibers: The greater the
percentage of long fibers contained in the nonwoven, the smaller
the thickness of the nonwoven at the same grammage. In addition,
the values for the elongation at break and the tensile strength
increases as the percentage of long fibers in the nonwoven
increases.
The long fibers advantageously have a fiber linear density in the
range of 2 dtex to 5 dtex. In addition or alternatively, in
particular, the short fibers have a fiber linear density in the
range of 5 dtex to 8 dtex. Such fine fibers may have a lower
intrinsic stability than thicker fibers of the same material. As a
result, they can be better connected to other fibers. The basis for
this is that the effective contact surface of such fibers, which is
based on the ratio of fiber surface to fiber volume, is greater
than it is in thicker fibers. This creates an increased level of
stability in the nonwoven. In addition, fibers having similar fiber
strengths as those of the long and short fibers are easier to
connect with one another than fibers having different fiber
strengths. Furthermore, similar strengths and associated bending
behavior, both types of fibers advantageously have a similar
connection behavior as adjacent fibers (provided it is the same
material). It therefore follows that both types of fibers are able
to influence the properties of the nonwoven formed therefrom in a
similar manner, in particular the stability of said nonwoven.
In particular, the percentage of long fibers lies in a range of 60%
to 80% and accordingly, the percentage of short fibers lies in a
range of 40% to 20%. It follows that the properties of the stitch
bonded nonwoven can be influenced more by the long fibers than by
the short fibers.
In addition, it may be advantageous that the stitch bonded nonwoven
has a grammage in the range of 200 g/m.sup.2 to 260 g/m.sup.2,
preferably in a range of 210 g/m.sup.2 to 250 g/m.sup.2.
The stitch bonded nonwoven preferably has a thickness in a range of
1 mm to 1.6 mm, preferably in a range of 1.2 mm to 1.4 mm.
The adhesive layer advantageously has an application weight in the
range of 100 g/m2 to 150 g/m2. In particular, said layer hereby
includes additional pressure-sensitive adhesives, preferably a
UV-cured polyacrylate.
In particular, the adhesive tape has an elongation at break in the
range of 25% to 45% in accordance with the LV 312 standard.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention shall be explained in greater detail based on the
exemplary embodiments depicted in the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-section of an adhesive tape according
to the invention having a stitch bonded nonwoven according to the
invention,
FIG. 2a is a schematically depicted cross-section of a first
embodiment of a stitch bonded nonwoven according to the invention
having long fibers,
FIG. 2b is a view of a long fiber and a short fiber of the stitch
bonded nonwoven according to the invention, and
FIG. 3 is a top view of a stitch bonded nonwoven during
production.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS AND THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED
EMBODIMENTS
In the various Figures in the drawings, the same parts are
designated using the same reference characters.
Concerning the following description, it is claimed that the
invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and
therefore, is not limited to all or a plurality of described
combinations of features but rather, each individual partial
feature of the/each exemplary embodiment is significant to the
subject matter of the invention, separate from all other partial
features described within this context, both individually and in
combination with any features of another exemplary embodiment.
The parameters for the properties of the stitch bonded nonwoven 2
and of the adhesive tape 1 presented in the description are
determined in accordance with the LV 312 standard (October 2009).
These parameters for the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 include the
thickness D1, the elongation at break, the tensile strength, the
tear propagation resistance and the ability to tear said tape
manually. These parameters for the adhesive tape 1 include the
thickness D2, the elongation at break, the tensile strength, the
adhesive strength on Stahl, the adhesive strength on the reverse
side of the tape, the unwinding force, the ability to tear said
tape manually, the noise reduction and the abrasion resistance. The
above mentioned classification of the last two parameters is
provided below.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic depiction of an adhesive tape 1 according
to the invention, including a carrier 6 that is formed from a
stitch bonded nonwoven 2, and an adhesive layer 7 that is applied
to one side of the carrier 6. The carrier 6 is made exclusively of
the stitch bonded nonwoven 2. The stitch bonded nonwoven 2
preferably includes a textile nonwoven material, which is a
textiles sheeting material made of an ordered layering and/or
non-ordered layering of fibers 3, 4. The nonwoven material may be
made of longitudinal fibers that extend in the longitudinal
direction of the tape and transverse fibers that extend
perpendicular to the longitudinal fibers, or said material may be
made of a disorganized layer of fibers.
The stitch bonded nonwoven 2 advantageously contains two types of
fibers, i.e. long fibers 3 and short fibers 4. In particular, the
fiber linear density of the long fibers 3 lies in the range of 2
dtex to 5 dtex. In addition or alternatively, in particular, the
fiber linear density of the short fibers 4 lies in the range of 5
dtex to 8 dtex. In order to form the stitch bonded nonwoven 2, the
long fibers 3 and/or the short fibers 4 are advantageously stitched
with sewing threads 5. The sewing threads 5 are hereby
advantageously sewn into the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 with stitch
lengths of 1.2 mm.
The thread material of the sewing threads 5 may be made in part of
completely of textile fibers. For example, yarns may be used,
wherein yarns made of staple fibers or filaments may be used. A
staple fiber yarn is made of endlessly long fibers, which are
twisted during spinning. A filament yarn is made of filaments. A
filament is a fiber of unlimited length (in accordance with the DIN
60,000 standard (October 1990)) or which has a length of at least
1,000 mm (in accordance with the DIN 60001 standard (October
1990)). Fibers of limited length, on the other hand, are referred
to as spinning fibers. Spinning fibers, in turn, can be divided
into staple fibers that can actually be spun and very short flock
fibers, wherein the limit lies at 15 mm. The sewing threads 5 may
also be produced as spinning fibers.
Smooth yarns are preferably used for the sewing threads 5, in
particular so-called pre-oriented yarn or so-called fully-drawn
yarn).
A filament yarn is produced by twisting the individual filaments.
Thus the sewing threads 5 are preferably formed from 36 filaments.
In general, the sewing threads may contain 5 of 24 to 144
filaments.
A stitch bonded nonwoven 2 is produced as schematically depicted in
FIG. 3, for example. As such, FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a
stitch bonded nonwoven 2, which has been produced having fineness F
3 if the value of K is 25.4 mm. According to the "English fineness
number", the number n of needles 9, 9', 9'' per segment K of one
English inch (25.4 mm), and thus the stitch density, are indicated.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic depiction of a stitch bonded nonwoven 2,
in which at least n=3 needles 9, 9', 9'' disposed over a segment K
were used to produce the stitch bonded nonwoven 2. According to the
invention, fineness in the range of F 14 to F 22 is preferred.
For example, two sewing thread systems (e.g. two bars) are used to
produce a stitch bonded nonwoven 2, in order to form stitches
through a raw nonwoven 2a. A single bar or triple bar system is
also possible, however. In the case of a two bar system, a sewing
thread 5 is fed through a first set of movable sewing thread guides
8, 8', 8'', which is passed through a first guide bar (not shown
here) for an interacting, complete threaded engagement with the
needles 9, 9', 9'', etc. over the width of the raw nonwoven 2a.
In order to produce the meshes in the stitch bonded nonwoven 2, the
sewing thread 5, in engagement with the needles 9, 9', 9'', is
moved during operation, which needles, in turn, guide the sewing
thread 5 through the raw nonwoven 2a in a back and forth motion. As
a result, an array of interacting sewing thread stitches 10 is
formed, which extends in rows that are spaced apart from one
another along the raw nonwoven 2a.
By way of example, but not limiting the claims of this application,
the interacting sewing thread stitches 10 may be held in a complete
chain-stitch configuration, although other stitching arrangements
may be used such as tricot stitches and the like.
In particular, the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 may be produced using
the "Maliwatt" stitch bonding technology. According to the Maliwatt
method, a raw nonwoven 2a is reinforced in that said nonwoven is
formed as a provided, transversely paneled fibrous web, or a
random-fiber nonwoven, by stitching in one or more thread systems.
To this end, a system including a compound needle and lock wire
pierces the fiber sample and draws one or two inserted sewing
threads 5 through the raw nonwoven 2a that is to be reinforced in a
reverse movement. The preceding stitch is then cut off and the
goods removed downward.
In particular, the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 has a grammage in the
range of 210 g/m2 to 250 g/m2. In addition, the stitch bonded
nonwoven 2 preferably has a thickness D1 in the range of 1.2 mm to
1.4 mm. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the sewing
threads 5 are stitched in with a fineness of F 14. A percentage of
the fibers 3, 4 or all of the fibers 3, 4 are preferably made in
part or completely of plastic, preferably polyethylene
terephthalate.
The percentage of long fibers 3 preferably lies in a range of 60%
to 80% and accordingly, the percentage of short fibers 4 preferably
lies in a range of 40% to 20%. In particular as such, the long
fibers 3 have a length L1 in the range of 60 mm to 100 mm, and
their length L preferably lies in a range of 70 mm to 80 mm. In an
especially preferred embodiment, said length is 76 mm. The short
fibers 4 contained in the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 preferably have
a fiber length L2 in the range of 35 mm to 55 mm.
The adhesive layer 7 of the adhesive tape 1 preferably includes
pressure-sensitive adhesives, in particular based on a
polyacrylate, which may be used due to its good aging resistance.
As a rule, these acrylic adhesives may be applied either as a
dispersion, or as hot melt adhesives that are cured by means of UV
radiation. In principle, it is also possible to use acrylates in
solvents or to use acrylate monomer mixtures or acrylate
prepolymers. These are polymerized and cured after application if
needed, either thermally or by means of UV radiation. In addition,
it is also possible to use other adhesive class such as adhesives
based on synthetic rubber, for example such as SIS (styrene
isoprene styrene copolymer) or SSS (styrene butadiene styrene block
copolymer), or silicon or polyurethane-based adhesives.
The following Table 3 presents the properties of three different
embodiments of the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 according to the
invention, each having different sewing threads 5. Here, the
indication, "PES Virgin" in Table 3 for the fiber material 3, 4 and
the sewing thread 5 means that the fibers 3, 4 and the sewing
thread 5 are preferably made of non-recycled polyester.
Accordingly, the indication, "PA" in Table 3 for the material of
the sewing thread 5 means that the sewing thread 5 is made of a
polyamide. In particular, these sewing threads 5 are made in part
of completely of homopolyamides, for example PA 6.6 (PA made of
hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid
[NH--(CH2)6-NH--CO--(CH2)4-CO]n) or PA 6 (PA made of caprolactam
[NH--(CH2)5-CO]n). Homopolyamides are derived from an amino acid or
a lactam or, respectively, a diamine and a dicarboxylic acid.
The sewing threads 5 may also be made in part of completely of
freshly prepared or recycled polyester (PES), polyamide (PA),
polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (PUR) or even
rayon.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Properties of the stitch bonded nonwovens 2
according to the invention. PET stitch bonded Design 3 nonwoven
Design 1 Design 2 84 dtex Design 4 230 g/m.sup.2 84 dtex 110 dtex
thread 167 dtex standard thread thread PA 6.6 thread fineness n/25
F 14 F 14 F 14 F 14 F 14 mm thread linear dtex 76 84 110 84 167
density Number of No. 36 36 36 36 36 filaments Length of mm 1.2 1.2
1.2 1.2 1.2 stitch Thread -- PES PES PES PA 6.6 PES material Virgin
Virgin Virgin Virgin Fiber -- PES PES PES PES PES material Virgin
Virgin Virgin Virgin Virgin Fiber unit dtex 3.3 2.0-5.0 2.0-5.0
2.0-5.0 2.0-5.0 Long fibers Fiber unit dtex 6.7 5.0-8.0 5.0-8.0
5.0-8.0 5.0-8.0 Short fibers Fiber length mm 76 76 76 76 76 Long
fibers Fiber length mm 51 51 51 51 51 Short fibers Percentage of %
60-80 60-80 60-80 60-80 60-80 long fibers Percentage of % 40-20
40-20 40-20 40-20 40-20 short fibers Thread weight g/m.sup.2 230
+/- 20 230 +/- 20 230 +/- 20 230 +/- 20 230 +/- 20 Thickness mm
1.2-1.4 1.2-1.4 1.2-1.4 1.2-1.4 1.2-1.4 Elongation at % 15-30 20-35
25-40 20-40 25-50 break Tensile N/cm 35-45 45-55 50-65 65-95 65-75
strength Tear mN 25,000 30,000 35,000 cannot be cannot be
propagation measured measured resistance Can be torn LV not not not
not not manually 312 applicable applicable applicable applicable
applicable
In a first exemplary embodiment, the adhesive tape 1 according to
the invention has sewing threads 5 having a thread linear density
of 84 dtex. This stitch bonded nonwoven 2 corresponds to design 1,
84 dtex thread in column 4 of the Table 3. For a stitch bonded
nonwoven 2 of this kind, the elongation at break preferably lies in
a range of 20% to 35%. In particular, the tensile strength lies in
a range of 45 N/cm to 55 N/cm. The tear propagation resistance
advantageously lies in a range of 30,000 mN. As such, the stitch
bonded nonwoven 2 preferably cannot be torn manually. The use of
the exemplary stitch bonded nonwoven 2 results in an adhesive tape
1 having the features as specified in the following Table 4, Column
4.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Properties of the adhesive tapes. Adhesive
Adhesive Adhesive tape of Adhesive Standard tape of tape of Design
3 tape of adhesive Design 1 Design 2 84 dtex Design 4 tape 84 dtex
110 dtex thread PA 167 dtex 8579X thread thread 6.6 thread Carrier
g/m.sup.2 230 230 230 230 230 material Type of -- Acrylate Acrylate
Acrylate Acrylate Acrylate adhesive Adhesive g/m.sup.2 100-150
100-150 100-150 100-150 100-150 application Thickness mm 1.5-1.8
1.5-1.8 1.5-1.8 1.5-1.8 1.5-1.8 Elongation % 25 30-40 28-42 25-42
28-45 at break Tensile N/cm 47-52 55-65 71-79 80-95 82-98 strength
Adhesive N/cm 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.3 strength on steel Adhesive N/cm
4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4 strength reverse side of the tape Unwinding N
5.5 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.5 force Ability to be LV not not not not not torn
manually 312 applicable applicable applicable applicable applicable
Noise LV D D D D D reduction 312 rating Abrasion rub 1,200-1,500
1,700-2,100 4,700-5,100 5,500-6,100 6,300-7,400 resistance cycles
LV 312 Abrasion LV D D D-E D-E D-E resistance 312 rating
As such, in particular with a carrier material having a grammage of
230 g/m2 and an adhesive application of 100 g/m2 to 150 g/m2, the
adhesive tape 1 of Design 1 has an elongation at break of 30% to
40%. The tensile strength lies in a range of 55 N/cm to 65 N/cm. In
particular, the tensile strength is greater than 98 N/cm,
preferably in a range of 115 N/cm to 125 N/cm, wherein the
elongation at break is preferably 60%. The adhesive strength on
steel lies at 5.4 N/cm, and the adhesive strength on the reverse
side of the tape lies at 4.4 N/cm. An unwinding force of 5.6 N must
be applied in order to unwind the adhesive tape 1 from the tape
roll. As such, the adhesive tape 1 cannot be torn manually. The
noise reduction lies in the Class D range. The abrasion resistance
also lies in the Class D range, which corresponds to a range of
1,700 rub cycles to 2100 rub cycles. In a second exemplary
embodiment, the adhesive tape 1 according to the invention has
sewing threads 5 having a thread linear density of 110 dtex. This
stitch bonded nonwoven 2 corresponds to Design 2, 110 dtex thread
in column 5 of Table 3. The elongation at break for a stitch bonded
nonwoven 2 of this kind lies in a range of 25% to 40%. The tensile
strength lies in a range of 50 N/cm to 65 N/cm. The tear
propagation resistance lies at 35,000 mN. As such, the stitch
bonded nonwoven 2 cannot be torn manually. The use of the stitch
bonded nonwoven 2 results in an adhesive tape 1 having the
properties presented in Table 4, column 5.
In the case of the adhesive tape 1 having the stitch bonded
nonwoven Design 2, the carrier material has a grammage of 230 g/m2,
and the adhesive application lies in the range of 100 g/m2 to 150
g/m2. The adhesive tape has an elongation at break of 28% to 42%.
The tensile strength lies in a range of 71 N/cm to 79 N/cm.
The adhesive strength on steel preferably lies at 5.2 N/cm and the
adhesive strength on the reverse side of the tape lies at 4.3 N/cm.
An unwinding force of 5.5 N must be applied in order to unwind the
adhesive tape 1 from the tape roll. The adhesive tape 1 cannot be
torn manually. The noise reduction lies in the Class D range. The
abrasion resistance lies in the Class D to Class E range. This
corresponds to approximately 4,700 rub cycles to 5,100 rub
cycles.
As such, in the case of stitch bonded nonwovens 2 of Design 1 and
Design 2, sewing threads 5, which are formed from polyester, are
advantageously used.
In the case of the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 of Design 3, a sewing
thread 5 made of polyamide is used.
Design 3, Table 4 corresponds to a third exemplary embodiment. As
such, the adhesive tape 1 according to the invention has sewing
threads 5 having a thread linear density of 84 dtex. This stitch
bonded nonwoven 2 corresponds to Design 3, 84 dtex thread in column
6 of Table 3. In the case of a stitch bonded nonwoven 2 of this
kind, the elongation at break lies in a range of 20% to 40%. The
tensile strength lies in a range of 65 N/cm to 95 N/cm. The tear
propagation resistance lies in a range that cannot be measured. The
stitch bonded nonwoven 2 cannot be torn manually. The use of the
stitch bonded nonwoven 2 results in as adhesive tape 1 having the
features as specified in Table 4, Column 6.
As such, with a carrier material having a grammage of 230 g/m2 and
an adhesive application of 100 g/m2 to 150 g/m2, the adhesive tape
1 of Design 4 has an elongation at break of 28% to 45%. The tensile
strength lies in a range of 80 N/cm to 95 N/cm. The adhesive
strength on steel lies at 5.4 N/cm, and the adhesive strength on
the reverse side of the tape lies at 4.3 N/cm. An unwinding force
of 5.3 N must be applied in order to unwind the adhesive tape 1
from the tape roll. The adhesive tape 1 cannot be torn manually.
Die noise reduction lies in the Class D range. The abrasion
resistance lies in the Class D to Class E range. This corresponds
to approximately 5500 rub cycles to 6100 rub cycles.
In a fourth exemplary embodiment, which corresponds to Design 4,
167 dtex thread, the adhesive tape 1 according to the invention has
sewing threads 5 having a thread linear density of 167 dtex. Sewing
threads 5 made of polyester are used. The properties of this stitch
bonded nonwoven 2 are presented in column 7 of Table 3. In the case
of a stitch bonded nonwoven 2 of this kind, the elongation at break
lies in a range of 25% to 50%. The tensile strength lies in a range
of 65 N/cm to 75 N/cm. The tear propagation resistance lies in a
range that cannot be measured. The stitch bonded nonwoven 2 cannot
be torn manually. The use of the stitch bonded nonwoven 2 results
in as adhesive tape 1 having the features as specified in Table 4,
Column 7.
As such, with a carrier material having a grammage of 230 g/m2 and
an adhesive application of 100 g/m2 to 150 g/m2, the adhesive tape
1 of Design 4 has an elongation at break of 28% to 45%. The tensile
strength lies in a range of 82 N/cm to 98 N/cm. The adhesive
strength on steel lies at 5.3 N/cm, and the adhesive strength on
the reverse side of the tape lies at 4.4 N/cm. An unwinding of 5.5
N must be applied in order to unwind the adhesive tape 1 from the
tape roll. The adhesive tape 1 cannot be torn manually. The noise
reduction lies in the Class D range. The abrasion resistance lies
in the Class D to Class E range. This corresponds to approximately
6,300 rub cycles to 7,400 rub cycles.
While the above description constitutes the preferred embodiment of
the present invention, it will be appreciated that the invention is
susceptible to modification, variation and change without departing
from the proper scope and fair meaning of the accompanying
claims.
* * * * *