U.S. patent number 10,477,484 [Application Number 15/862,275] was granted by the patent office on 2019-11-12 for multi-link transmit power control for a plurality of uplink beam pairs.
This patent grant is currently assigned to QUALCOMM Incorporated. The grantee listed for this patent is QUALCOMM Incorporated. Invention is credited to Sony Akkarakaran, Kaushik Chakraborty, Shengbo Chen, Makesh Pravin John Wilson, Tao Luo, Xiao feng Wang.
United States Patent |
10,477,484 |
Akkarakaran , et
al. |
November 12, 2019 |
Multi-link transmit power control for a plurality of uplink beam
pairs
Abstract
Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to
wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless communication
device may receive one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands. The plurality of TPC commands may relate to an uplink
channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs. The
wireless communication device may determine the uplink channel
transmit power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at
least in part on the plurality of TPC commands. Numerous other
aspects are provided.
Inventors: |
Akkarakaran; Sony (Poway,
CA), Luo; Tao (San Diego, CA), John Wilson; Makesh
Pravin (San Diego, CA), Wang; Xiao feng (San Diego,
CA), Chakraborty; Kaushik (San Diego, CA), Chen;
Shengbo (San Diego, CA) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
QUALCOMM Incorporated |
San Diego |
CA |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
QUALCOMM Incorporated (San
Diego, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
63445745 |
Appl.
No.: |
15/862,275 |
Filed: |
January 4, 2018 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20180262993 A1 |
Sep 13, 2018 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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62469933 |
Mar 10, 2017 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W
52/42 (20130101); H04W 52/146 (20130101); H04W
52/54 (20130101); H04W 52/325 (20130101); H04W
52/346 (20130101); H04W 52/362 (20130101); H04W
52/327 (20130101); H04W 52/14 (20130101); H04W
52/545 (20130101); H04W 88/08 (20130101); H04W
88/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H04W
52/14 (20090101); H04W 52/54 (20090101); H04W
52/36 (20090101); H04W 52/34 (20090101); H04W
52/32 (20090101); H04W 52/42 (20090101); H04W
88/08 (20090101); H04W 88/02 (20090101) |
Field of
Search: |
;455/522 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Other References
International Search Report and Written
Opinion--PCT/US2018/012614--ISA/EPO--dated Apr. 20, 2018. cited by
applicant .
Samsung: "UL Power Control Aspects", 3GPP Draft; R1-1702964 UL
Power Control Aspects Samsung, 3rd Generation Partnership Project
(3GPP), Mobile Competence Centre; 650, Route Des Lucioles; F-06921
Sophia-Antipolis Cedex; France, vol. RAN WG1, Athens, Greece; Feb.
13, 2017-Feb. 17, 2017 Feb. 12, 2017 (Feb. 12, 2017), XP051210107,
pp. 1-4, Retrieved from the Internet:
URL:http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Meetings_3GPP SYNC/RAN1/Docs/
[retrieved on Feb. 12, 2017]. cited by applicant.
|
Primary Examiner: Sobutka; Philip
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Harrity & Harrity, LLP
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS UNDER 35 U.S.C. .sctn.
119
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application
62/469,933 filed on Mar. 10, 2017 entitled "TECHNIQUES AND
APPARATUSES FOR MULTI-LINK TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL," which is
incorporated by reference herein.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of wireless communications, comprising: receiving, by a
wireless communication device, one or more downlink control
information (DCI) transmissions including a plurality of transmit
power control (TPC) commands, the plurality of TPC commands
relating to an uplink channel transmit power for a plurality of
uplink beam-pairs, a first TPC command, of the plurality of TPC
commands, corresponding to a first type of channel, and a second
TPC command, of the plurality of TPC commands, corresponding to a
second type of channel; and determining, by the wireless
communication device, the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the
plurality of TPC commands.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein data is transmitted on the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs using the uplink channel transmit
power.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs is associated with a corresponding TPC command of the
plurality of TPC commands.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more DCI transmissions
include the plurality of TPC commands in a sequence corresponding
to a sequence of link indices.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs are associated with a single base station.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs are associated with multiple base stations.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of TPC
commands is associated with a corresponding cell identifier and
information identifying a corresponding uplink beam-pair.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein uplink channel transmit powers
for two or more of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are
determined based at least in part on a single TPC command of the
plurality of TPC commands.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein a transmit power level for the
uplink channel transmit power is determined based at least in part
on a power control step-size.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein a first uplink beam-pair, of the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs, is associated with a first power
control step-size and a second uplink beam-pair, of the plurality
of uplink beam-pairs, is associated with a second power control
step-size, the second power control step-size being different from
the first power control step-size.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of TPC commands
are received via a unicast transmission.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of TPC commands
are received via a multicast transmission.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of TPC commands
are for a plurality of wireless communication devices.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one TPC command, of
the plurality of TPC commands, is extracted by the wireless
communication device from the multicast transmission.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the multicast transmission does
not include a set of padding bits, a quantity of TPC bits of the
multicast transmission being associated with a quantity of TPC
commands of the plurality of TPC commands.
16. The method of claim 12, wherein the multicast transmission
includes a set of padding bits, the set of padding bits including
information associated with the plurality of TPC commands.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the set of padding bits is set
to a static value.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the uplink channel transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is determined based at
least in part on a mapping of bits of the multicast transmission to
uplink beam-pairs of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs are associated with a plurality of types of channels,
the plurality of types of channels including at least one of: a
physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared
channel (PUSCH), a sounding reference signal (SRS) channel, a
scheduling request (SR) channel, or a beam recovery (BR) indicator
channel.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first type of channel is
one of the plurality of types of channels; and wherein the second
type of channel is another one of the plurality of types of
channels.
21. A wireless communication device for wireless communication,
comprising: memory; and one or more processors coupled to the
memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to:
receive one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands, the plurality of TPC commands relating to an uplink
channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs, a
first TPC command, of the plurality of TPC commands, corresponding
to a first type of channel, and a second TPC command, of the
plurality of TPC commands, corresponding to a second type of
channel; and determine the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the
plurality of TPC commands.
22. The wireless communication device of claim 21, wherein data is
transmitted on the plurality of uplink beam-pairs using the uplink
channel transmit power.
23. The wireless communication device of claim 21, wherein each of
the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is associated with a
corresponding TPC command of the plurality of TPC commands.
24. The wireless communication device of claim 21, wherein the
plurality of TPC commands are received via a multicast
transmission.
25. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions
for wireless communication, the instructions comprising: one or
more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of
a wireless communication device, cause the one or more processors
to: receive one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands, the plurality of TPC commands relating to an uplink
channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs, a
first TPC command, of the plurality of TPC commands, corresponding
to a first type of channel, and a second TPC command, of the
plurality of TPC commands, corresponding to a second type of
channel; and determine the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the
plurality of TPC commands.
26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25,
wherein data is transmitted on the plurality of uplink beam-pairs
using the uplink channel transmit power.
27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25,
wherein each of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is associated
with a corresponding TPC command of the plurality of TPC
commands.
28. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25,
wherein the plurality of TPC commands are received via a multicast
transmission.
29. An apparatus for wireless communications, comprising: means for
receiving one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands, the plurality of TPC commands relating to an uplink
channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs, a
first TPC command, of the plurality of TPC commands, corresponding
to a first type of channel, and a second TPC command, of the
plurality of TPC commands, corresponding to a second type of
channel; and means for determining the uplink channel transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part
on the plurality of TPC commands.
30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein data is transmitted on the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs using the uplink channel transmit
power.
Description
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless
communication, and more particularly to techniques and apparatuses
for multi-link transmit power control.
BACKGROUND
Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide
various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data,
messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems
may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting
communication with multiple users by sharing available system
resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such
multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access
(CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems,
frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal
frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier
frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division
synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and
Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of
enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
(UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP).
A wireless communication network may include a number of base
stations (BSs) that can support communication for a number of user
equipment (UEs). A UE may communicate with a BS via the downlink
and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the
communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or
reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the
BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be
referred to as a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP), a radio head,
a transmit receive point (TRP), a new radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B,
and/or the like.
The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various
telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that
enables different wireless communication devices to communicate on
a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. New radio
(NR), which may also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements
to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP). NR is designed to better support mobile
broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency,
lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and
better integrating with other open standards using OFDM with a
cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM
and/or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fourier transform
spread ODFM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well as supporting
beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna
technology, and carrier aggregation. However, as the demand for
mobile broadband access continues to increase, there exists a need
for further improvements in LTE and NR technologies. Preferably,
these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access
technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these
technologies.
SUMMARY
In some aspects, a method for wireless communication may include
receiving, by a wireless communication device, one or more downlink
control information (DCI) transmissions including a plurality of
transmit power control (TPC) commands. The plurality of TPC
commands may relate to an uplink channel transmit power for a
plurality of uplink beam-pairs. The method may include determining,
by the wireless communication device, the uplink channel transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part
on the plurality of TPC commands.
In some aspects, a wireless communication device for wireless
communication may include a memory and one or more processors
coupled to the memory. The memory and the one or more processors
may be configured to receive one or more DCI transmissions
including a plurality of TPC command. The plurality of TPC commands
may relate to an uplink channel transmit power for a plurality of
uplink beam-pairs. The memory and the one or more processors may be
configured to determine the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the
plurality of TPC commands.
In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may
store one or more instructions for wireless communication. The one
or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of a
wireless communication device, may cause the one or more processors
to receive one or more DCI transmissions including a plurality of
TPC commands. The plurality of TPC commands may relate to an uplink
channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs. The
one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more
processors, may cause the one or more processors to determine the
uplink channel transmit power for the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs based at least in part on the plurality of TPC
commands.
In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may
include means for receiving one or more DCI transmissions including
a plurality of TPC commands. The plurality of TPC commands may
relate to an uplink channel transmit power for a plurality of
uplink beam-pairs. The apparatus may include means for determining
the uplink channel transmit power for the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs based at least in part on the plurality of TPC
commands.
Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer
program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user
equipment, wireless communication device, access point, and
processing system as substantially described herein with reference
to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and
technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in
order that the detailed description that follows may be better
understood. Additional features and advantages will be described
hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be
readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other
structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present
disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the
scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts
disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation,
together with associated advantages will be better understood from
the following description when considered in connection with the
accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the
purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of
the limits of the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
So that the manner in which the above-recited features of the
present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular
description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to
aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It
is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only
certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to
be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit
to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in
different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a
wireless communication network, in accordance with certain aspects
of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example
of a base station in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a
wireless communication network, in accordance with certain aspects
of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a
frame structure in a wireless communication network, in accordance
with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating two example
subframe formats with the normal cyclic prefix, in accordance with
certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed
radio access network (RAN), in accordance with certain aspects of
the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 illustrates an example physical architecture of a
distributed RAN, in accordance with certain aspects of the present
disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a downlink
(DL)-centric subframe, in accordance with certain aspects of the
present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of an uplink
(UL)-centric subframe, in accordance with certain aspects of the
present disclosure.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless
communication device performing multi-link transmit power control,
in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for
example, by a wireless communication device, in accordance with
various aspects of the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for
example, by a wireless communication device, in accordance with
various aspects of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This
disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and
should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or
function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these
aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and
complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to
those skilled in the art. Based at least in part on the teachings
herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of
the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure
disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined
with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus
may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of
the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the
disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which
is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and
functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of
the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any
aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or
more elements of a claim. The word "exemplary" is used herein to
mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect
described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed
as preferred or advantageous over another aspect. Several aspects
of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference
to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and
techniques will be described in the following detailed description
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks,
modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc.
(collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be
implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof.
Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software
depends upon the particular application and design constraints
imposed on the overall system.
An access point ("AP") may comprise, be implemented as, or known as
NodeB, Radio Network Controller ("RNC"), eNodeB (eNB), Base Station
Controller ("BSC"), Base Transceiver Station ("BTS"), Base Station
("BS"), Transceiver Function ("TF"), Radio Router, Radio
Transceiver, Basic Service Set ("BSS"), Extended Service Set
("ESS"), Radio Base Station ("RBS"), Node B (NB), gNB, 5G NB, NR
BS, Transmit Receive Point (TRP), or some other terminology.
An access terminal ("AT") may comprise, be implemented as, or be
known as an access terminal, a subscriber station, a subscriber
unit, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a user
terminal, a user agent, a user device, user equipment (UE), a user
station, a wireless node, or some other terminology. In some
aspects, an access terminal may comprise a cellular telephone, a
smart phone, a cordless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol
("SIP") phone, a wireless local loop ("WLL") station, a personal
digital assistant ("PDA"), a tablet, a netbook, a smartbook, an
ultrabook, a handheld device having wireless connection capability,
a Station ("STA"), or some other suitable processing device
connected to a wireless modem. Accordingly, one or more aspects
taught herein may be incorporated into a phone (e.g., a cellular
phone, a smart phone), a computer (e.g., a desktop), a portable
communication device, a portable computing device (e.g., a laptop,
a personal data assistant, a tablet, a netbook, a smartbook, an
ultrabook), wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart glasses,
smart bracelet, smart wristband, smart ring, smart clothing, etc.),
medical devices or equipment, biometric sensors/devices, an
entertainment device (e.g., music device, video device, satellite
radio, gaming device, etc.), a vehicular component or sensor, smart
meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global
positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is
configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. In some
aspects, the node is a wireless node. A wireless node may provide,
for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area
network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or
wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered
machine-type communication (MTC) UEs, which may include remote
devices that may communicate with a base station, another remote
device, or some other entity. Machine type communications (MTC) may
refer to communication involving at least one remote device on at
least one end of the communication and may include forms of data
communication which involve one or more entities that do not
necessarily need human interaction. MTC UEs may include UEs that
are capable of MTC communications with MTC servers and/or other MTC
devices through Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN), for example.
Examples of MTC devices include sensors, meters, location tags,
monitors, drones, robots/robotic devices, etc. MTC UEs, as well as
other types of UEs, may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband
internet of things) devices.
It is noted that while aspects may be described herein using
terminology commonly associated with 3G and/or 4G wireless
technologies, aspects of the present disclosure can be applied in
other generation-based communication systems, such as 5G and later,
including NR technologies.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network 100 in which aspects of
the present disclosure may be practiced. The network 100 may be an
LTE network or some other wireless network, such as a 5G or NR
network. Wireless network 100 may include a number of BSs 110
(shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network
entities. A BS is an entity that communicates with user equipment
(UEs) and may also be referred to as a base station, a NR BS, a
Node B, a gNB, a 5G NB, an access point, a TRP, etc. Each BS may
provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In
3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to a coverage area of a BS and/or a
BS subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context
in which the term is used.
A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico
cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may
cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers
in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service
subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic
area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service
subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic
area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having
association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber
group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro
BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for
a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the
example shown in FIG. 1, a BS 110a may be a macro BS for a macro
cell 102a, a BS 110b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102b, and a
BS 110c may be a femto BS for a femto cell 102c. A BS may support
one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base
station", "NR BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "node B", "5G NB", and
"cell" may be used interchangeably herein.
In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the
geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a
mobile BS. In some examples, the BSs may be interconnected to one
another and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not
shown) in the access network 100 through various types of backhaul
interfaces such as a direct physical connection, a virtual network,
and/or the like using any suitable transport network.
Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay
station is an entity that can receive a transmission of data from
an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of
the data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay
station may also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other
UEs. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a relay station 110d may
communicate with macro BS 110a and a UE 120d in order to facilitate
communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. A relay station may also
be referred to as a relay BS, a relay base station, a relay,
etc.
Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes
BSs of different types, e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay
BSs, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmit
power levels, different coverage areas, and different impact on
interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may
have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 Watts) whereas pico
BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs may have lower transmit power levels
(e.g., 0.1 to 2 Watts).
A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may provide
coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 may
communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also
communicate with one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a
wireless or wireline backhaul.
UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be dispersed throughout
wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE
may also be referred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile
station, a subscriber unit, a station, etc. A UE may be a cellular
phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a
wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device,
a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL)
station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a
smartbook, an ultrabook, medical device or equipment, biometric
sensors/devices, wearable devices (smart watches, smart clothing,
smart glasses, smart wrist bands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring,
smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video
device, or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor,
smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global
positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is
configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. Some UEs
may be considered evolved or enhanced machine-type communication
(eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones,
remote devices, such as sensors, meters, monitors, location tags,
etc., that may communicate with a base station, another device
(e.g., remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may
provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a
wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via a
wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered
Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. Some UEs may be considered a
Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included inside a
housing 120' that houses components of UE 120, such as processor
components, memory components, and/or the like.
In FIG. 1, a solid line with double arrows indicates desired
transmissions between a UE and a serving BS, which is a BS
designated to serve the UE on the downlink and/or uplink. A dashed
line with double arrows indicates potentially interfering
transmissions between a UE and a BS.
In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a
given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a
particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT
may also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface,
etc. A frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a frequency
channel, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given
geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless
networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks
may be deployed.
In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled,
wherein a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station) allocates
resources for communication among some or all devices and equipment
within the scheduling entity's service area or cell. Within the
present disclosure, as discussed further below, the scheduling
entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring,
and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That
is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities utilize
resources allocated by the scheduling entity.
Base stations are not the only entities that may function as a
scheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE may function as
a scheduling entity, scheduling resources for one or more
subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs). In this
example, the UE is functioning as a scheduling entity, and other
UEs utilize resources scheduled by the UE for wireless
communication. A UE may function as a scheduling entity in a
peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and/or in a mesh network. In a mesh
network example, UEs may optionally communicate directly with one
another in addition to communicating with the scheduling
entity.
Thus, in a wireless communication network with a scheduled access
to time-frequency resources and having a cellular configuration, a
P2P configuration, and a mesh configuration, a scheduling entity
and one or more subordinate entities may communicate utilizing the
scheduled resources.
As indicated above, FIG. 1 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 1.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a design of base station 110 and UE
120, which may be one of the base stations and one of the UEs in
FIG. 1. Base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a
through 234t, and UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a
through 252r, where in general T.gtoreq.1 and R.gtoreq.1.
At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from
a data source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more
modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in
part on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE,
process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at
least in part on the MCS(s) selected for the UE, and provide data
symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 220 may also process system
information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning
information (SRPI), etc.) and control information (e.g., CQI
requests, grants, upper layer signaling, etc.) and provide overhead
symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also
generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., the CRS)
and synchronization signals (e.g., the primary synchronization
signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A
transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230
may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data
symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the
reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol
streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator
232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM,
etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may
further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and
upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T
downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t may be
transmitted via T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.
According to certain aspects described in more detail below, the
synchronization signals can be generated with location encoding to
convey additional information.
At UE 120, antennas 252a through 252r may receive the downlink
signals from base station 110 and/or other base stations and may
provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a through
254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g.,
filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to
obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the
input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A
MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all R
demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the
received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A
receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the
detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink
260, and provide decoded control information and system information
to a controller/processor 280. A channel processor may determine
RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.
On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and
process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g.,
for reports comprising RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.) from
controller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generate
reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols
from transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor
266 if applicable, further processed by modulators 254a through
254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to base
station 110. At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120
and other UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by
demodulators 232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable,
and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded
data and control information sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238
may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded
control information to controller/processor 240. Base station 110
may include communication unit 244 and communicate to network
controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network controller 130
may include communication unit 294, controller/processor 290, and
memory 292.
In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included
in a housing. Controllers/processors 240 and 280 and/or any other
component(s) in FIG. 2 may direct the operation at base station 110
and UE 120, respectively, to perform transmit power control during
multi-link operation. For example, controller/processor 280 and/or
other processors and modules at UE 120, may perform or direct
operations of UE 120 to perform transmit power control during
multi-link operation. For example, controller/processor 280 and/or
other controllers/processors and modules at UE 120 may perform or
direct operations of, for example, example process 1000 of FIG. 10,
process 1100 of FIG. 11, and/or other processes as described
herein. In some aspects, one or more of the components shown in
FIG. 2 may be employed to perform example process 1000, process
1100, and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base
station 110 and UE 120, respectively. A scheduler 246 may schedule
UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
In some aspects, UE 120 may include means for receiving one or more
DCI transmissions including a plurality of TPC commands, means for
determining the uplink channel transmit power for the plurality of
uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the plurality of TPC
commands, and/or the like. In some aspects, such means may include
one or more components of UE 120 described in connection with FIG.
2.
As indicated above, FIG. 2 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 2.
FIG. 3 shows an example frame structure 300 for FDD in a
telecommunications system (e.g., LTE). The transmission timeline
for each of the downlink and uplink may be partitioned into units
of radio frames. Each radio frame may have a predetermined duration
(e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)) and may be partitioned into 10
subframes with indices of 0 through 9. Each subframe may include
two slots. Each radio frame may thus include 20 slots with indices
of 0 through 19. Each slot may include L symbol periods, e.g.,
seven symbol periods for a normal cyclic prefix (as shown in FIG.
3) or six symbol periods for an extended cyclic prefix. The 2L
symbol periods in each subframe may be assigned indices of 0
through 2L-1.
While some techniques are described herein in connection with
frames, subframes, slots, and/or the like, these techniques may
equally apply to other types of wireless communication structures,
which may be referred to using terms other than "frame,"
"subframe," "slot," and/or the like in 5G NR. In some aspects, a
wireless communication structure may refer to a periodic
time-bounded communication unit defined by a wireless communication
standard and/or protocol.
In certain telecommunications (e.g., LTE), a BS may transmit a
primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary
synchronization signal (SSS) on the downlink in the center of the
system bandwidth for each cell supported by the BS. The PSS and SSS
may be transmitted in symbol periods 6 and 5, respectively, in
subframes 0 and 5 of each radio frame with the normal cyclic
prefix, as shown in FIG. 3. The PSS and SSS may be used by UEs for
cell search and acquisition. The BS may transmit a cell-specific
reference signal (CRS) across the system bandwidth for each cell
supported by the BS. The CRS may be transmitted in certain symbol
periods of each subframe and may be used by the UEs to perform
channel estimation, channel quality measurement, and/or other
functions. The BS may also transmit a physical broadcast channel
(PBCH) in symbol periods 0 to 3 in slot 1 of certain radio frames.
The PBCH may carry some system information. The BS may transmit
other system information such as system information blocks (SIBs)
on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in certain subframes.
The BS may transmit control information/data on a physical downlink
control channel (PDCCH) in the first B symbol periods of a
subframe, where B may be configurable for each subframe. The BS may
transmit traffic data and/or other data on the PDSCH in the
remaining symbol periods of each subframe.
In other systems (e.g., such NR or 5G systems), a Node B may
transmit these or other signals in these locations or in different
locations of the subframe.
As indicated above, FIG. 3 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 3.
FIG. 4 shows two example subframe formats 410 and 420 with the
normal cyclic prefix. The available time frequency resources may be
partitioned into resource blocks. Each resource block may cover 12
subcarriers in one slot and may include a number of resource
elements. Each resource element may cover one subcarrier in one
symbol period and may be used to send one modulation symbol, which
may be a real or complex value.
Subframe format 410 may be used for two antennas. A CRS may be
transmitted from antennas 0 and 1 in symbol periods 0, 4, 7, and
11. A reference signal is a signal that is known a priori by a
transmitter and a receiver and may also be referred to as pilot. A
CRS is a reference signal that is specific for a cell, e.g.,
generated based at least in part on a cell identity (ID). In FIG.
4, for a given resource element with label Ra, a modulation symbol
may be transmitted on that resource element from antenna a, and no
modulation symbols may be transmitted on that resource element from
other antennas. Subframe format 420 may be used with four antennas.
A CRS may be transmitted from antennas 0 and 1 in symbol periods 0,
4, 7, and 11 and from antennas 2 and 3 in symbol periods 1 and 8.
For both subframe formats 410 and 420, a CRS may be transmitted on
evenly spaced subcarriers, which may be determined based at least
in part on cell ID. CRSs may be transmitted on the same or
different subcarriers, depending on their cell IDs. For both
subframe formats 410 and 420, resource elements not used for the
CRS may be used to transmit data (e.g., traffic data, control data,
and/or other data).
The PSS, SSS, CRS and PBCH in LTE are described in 3GPP TS 36.211,
entitled "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);
Physical Channels and Modulation," which is publicly available.
An interlace structure may be used for each of the downlink and
uplink for FDD in certain telecommunications systems (e.g., LTE).
For example, Q interlaces with indices of 0 through Q-1 may be
defined, where Q may be equal to 4, 6, 8, 10, or some other value.
Each interlace may include subframes that are spaced apart by Q
frames. In particular, interlace q may include subframes q, q+Q,
q+2Q, etc., where q.di-elect cons.{0, . . . , Q-1}.
The wireless network may support hybrid automatic retransmission
request (HARQ) for data transmission on the downlink and uplink.
For HARQ, a transmitter (e.g., a BS) may send one or more
transmissions of a packet until the packet is decoded correctly by
a receiver (e.g., a UE) or some other termination condition is
encountered. For synchronous HARQ, all transmissions of the packet
may be sent in subframes of a single interlace. For asynchronous
HARQ, each transmission of the packet may be sent in any
subframe.
A UE may be located within the coverage of multiple BSs. One of
these BSs may be selected to serve the UE. The serving BS may be
selected based at least in part on various criteria such as
received signal strength, received signal quality, path loss,
and/or the like. Received signal quality may be quantified by a
signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio (SINR), or a reference
signal received quality (RSRQ), or some other metric. The UE may
operate in a dominant interference scenario in which the UE may
observe high interference from one or more interfering BSs.
While aspects of the examples described herein may be associated
with LTE technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be
applicable with other wireless communication systems, such as NR or
5G technologies.
New radio (NR) may refer to radios configured to operate according
to a new air interface (e.g., other than Orthogonal Frequency
Divisional Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based air interfaces) or fixed
transport layer (e.g., other than Internet Protocol (IP)). In
aspects, NR may utilize OFDM with a CP (herein referred to as
cyclic prefix OFDM or CP-OFDM) and/or SC-FDM on the uplink, may
utilize CP-OFDM on the downlink and include support for half-duplex
operation using TDD. In aspects, NR may, for example, utilize OFDM
with a CP (herein referred to as CP-OFDM) and/or discrete Fourier
transform spread orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
(DFT-s-OFDM) on the uplink, may utilize CP-OFDM on the downlink and
include support for half-duplex operation using TDD. NR may include
Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) service targeting wide bandwidth
(e.g., 80 megahertz (MHz) and beyond), millimeter wave (mmW)
targeting high carrier frequency (e.g., 60 gigahertz (GHz)),
massive MTC (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible MTC
techniques, and/or mission critical targeting ultra reliable low
latency communications (URLLC) service.
A single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHZ may be supported.
NR resource blocks may span 12 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier
bandwidth of 75 kilohertz (kHz) over a 0.1 ms duration. Each radio
frame may include 50 subframes with a length of 10 ms.
Consequently, each subframe may have a length of 0.2 ms. Each
subframe may indicate a link direction (e.g., DL or UL) for data
transmission and the link direction for each subframe may be
dynamically switched. Each subframe may include DL/UL data as well
as DL/UL control data. UL and DL subframes for NR may be as
described in more detail below with respect to FIGS. 7 and 8.
Beamforming may be supported and beam direction may be dynamically
configured. MIMO transmissions with precoding may also be
supported. MIMO configurations in the DL may support up to 8
transmit antennas with multi-layer DL transmissions up to 8 streams
and up to 2 streams per UE. Multi-layer transmissions with up to 2
streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells may
be supported with up to 8 serving cells. Alternatively, NR may
support a different air interface, other than an OFDM-based
interface. NR networks may include entities such central units or
distributed units.
The RAN may include a central unit (CU) and distributed units
(DUs). A NR BS (e.g., gNB, 5G Node B, Node B, transmit receive
point (TRP), access point (AP)) may correspond to one or multiple
BSs. NR cells can be configured as access cells (ACells) or data
only cells (DCells). For example, the RAN (e.g., a central unit or
distributed unit) can configure the cells. DCells may be cells used
for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity, but not used for
initial access, cell selection/reselection, or handover. In some
cases, DCells may not transmit synchronization signals--in some
case cases DCells may transmit SS. NR BSs may transmit downlink
signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based at least in part on
the cell type indication, the UE may communicate with the NR BS.
For example, the UE may determine NR BSs to consider for cell
selection, access, handover, and/or measurement based at least in
part on the indicated cell type.
As indicated above, FIG. 4 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 4.
FIG. 5 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed
RAN 500, according to aspects of the present disclosure. A 5G
access node 506 may include an access node controller (ANC) 502.
The ANC may be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 500. The
backhaul interface to the next generation core network (NG-CN) 504
may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface to neighboring
next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) may terminate at the ANC. The
ANC may include one or more TRPs 508 (which may also be referred to
as BSs, NR BSs, Node Bs, 5G NBs, APs, gNB, or some other term). As
described above, a TRP may be used interchangeably with "cell."
The TRPs 508 may be a distributed unit (DU). The TRPs may be
connected to one ANC (ANC 502) or more than one ANC (not
illustrated). For example, for RAN sharing, radio as a service
(RaaS), and service specific AND deployments, the TRP may be
connected to more than one ANC. A TRP may include one or more
antenna ports. The TRPs may be configured to individually (e.g.,
dynamic selection) or jointly (e.g., joint transmission) serve
traffic to a UE.
The local architecture of RAN 500 may be used to illustrate
fronthaul definition. The architecture may be defined that support
fronthauling solutions across different deployment types. For
example, the architecture may be based at least in part on transmit
network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and/or jitter).
The architecture may share features and/or components with LTE.
According to aspects, the next generation AN (NG-AN) 510 may
support dual connectivity with NR. The NG-AN may share a common
fronthaul for LTE and NR.
The architecture may enable cooperation between and among TRPs 508.
For example, cooperation may be preset within a TRP and/or across
TRPs via the ANC 502. According to aspects, no inter-TRP interface
may be needed/present.
According to aspects, a dynamic configuration of split logical
functions may be present within the architecture of RAN 500. The
PDCP, RLC, MAC protocol may be adaptably placed at the ANC or
TRP.
According to certain aspects, a BS may include a central unit (CU)
(e.g., ANC 502) and/or one or more distributed units (e.g., one or
more TRPs 508).
As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 5.
FIG. 6 illustrates an example physical architecture of a
distributed RAN 600, according to aspects of the present
disclosure. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 602 may host
core network functions. The C-CU may be centrally deployed. C-CU
functionality may be offloaded (e.g., to advanced wireless services
(AWS)), in an effort to handle peak capacity.
A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 604 may host one or more ANC
functions. Optionally, the C-RU may host core network functions
locally. The C-RU may have distributed deployment. The C-RU may be
closer to the network edge.
A distributed unit (DU) 606 may host one or more TRPs. The DU may
be located at edges of the network with radio frequency (RF)
functionality.
As indicated above, FIG. 6 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 6.
FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 showing an example of a DL-centric subframe
or wireless communication structure. The DL-centric subframe may
include a control portion 702. The control portion 702 may exist in
the initial or beginning portion of the DL-centric subframe. The
control portion 702 may include various scheduling information
and/or control information corresponding to various portions of the
DL-centric subframe. In some configurations, the control portion
702 may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH), as indicated in
FIG. 7. In some aspects, the control portion 702 may include legacy
PDCCH information, shortened PDCCH (sPDCCH) information), a control
format indicator (CFI) value (e.g., carried on a physical control
format indicator channel (PCFICH)), one or more grants (e.g.,
downlink grants, uplink grants, etc.), and/or the like.
The DL-centric subframe may also include a DL data portion 704. The
DL data portion 704 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of
the DL-centric subframe. The DL data portion 704 may include the
communication resources utilized to communicate DL data from the
scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) to the subordinate entity (e.g.,
UE). In some configurations, the DL data portion 704 may be a
physical DL shared channel (PDSCH).
The DL-centric subframe may also include an UL short burst portion
706. The UL short burst portion 706 may sometimes be referred to as
an UL burst, an UL burst portion, a common UL burst, a short burst,
an UL short burst, a common UL short burst, a common UL short burst
portion, and/or various other suitable terms. In some aspects, the
UL short burst portion 706 may include one or more reference
signals. Additionally, or alternatively, the UL short burst portion
706 may include feedback information corresponding to various other
portions of the DL-centric subframe. For example, the UL short
burst portion 706 may include feedback information corresponding to
the control portion 702 and/or the data portion 704. Non-limiting
examples of information that may be included in the UL short burst
portion 706 include an ACK signal (e.g., a physical uplink control
channel (PUCCH) ACK, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) ACK,
an immediate ACK), a NACK signal (e.g., a PUCCH NACK, a PUSCH NACK,
an immediate NACK), a scheduling request (SR), a buffer status
report (BSR), a HARQ indicator, a channel state indication (CSI), a
channel quality indicator (CQI), a sounding reference signal (SRS),
a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), PUSCH data, and/or various
other suitable types of information. The UL short burst portion 706
may include additional or alternative information, such as
information pertaining to random access channel (RACH) procedures,
scheduling requests, and various other suitable types of
information.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, the end of the DL data portion 704 may be
separated in time from the beginning of the UL short burst portion
706. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, a
guard period, a guard interval, and/or various other suitable
terms. This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL
communication (e.g., reception operation by the subordinate entity
(e.g., UE)) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the
subordinate entity (e.g., UE)). The foregoing is merely one example
of a DL-centric wireless communication structure, and alternative
structures having similar features may exist without necessarily
deviating from the aspects described herein.
As indicated above, FIG. 7 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 7.
FIG. 8 is a diagram 800 showing an example of an UL-centric
subframe or wireless communication structure. The UL-centric
subframe may include a control portion 802. The control portion 802
may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the UL-centric
subframe. The control portion 802 in FIG. 8 may be similar to the
control portion 702 described above with reference to FIG. 7. The
UL-centric subframe may also include an UL long burst portion 804.
The UL long burst portion 804 may sometimes be referred to as the
payload of the UL-centric subframe. The UL portion may refer to the
communication resources utilized to communicate UL data from the
subordinate entity (e.g., UE) to the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or
BS). In some configurations, the control portion 802 may be a
physical DL control channel (PDCCH).
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the end of the control portion 802 may be
separated in time from the beginning of the UL long burst portion
804. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap,
guard period, guard interval, and/or various other suitable terms.
This separation provides time for the switch-over from DL
communication (e.g., reception operation by the scheduling entity)
to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the scheduling
entity).
The UL-centric subframe may also include an UL short burst portion
806. The UL short burst portion 806 in FIG. 8 may be similar to the
UL short burst portion 706 described above with reference to FIG.
7, and may include any of the information described above in
connection with FIG. 7. The foregoing is merely one example of an
UL-centric wireless communication structure, and alternative
structures having similar features may exist without necessarily
deviating from the aspects described herein.
In some circumstances, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs)
may communicate with each other using sidelink signals. Real-world
applications of such sidelink communications may include public
safety, proximity services, UE-to-network relaying,
vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, Internet of Everything
(IoE) communications, IoT communications, mission-critical mesh,
and/or various other suitable applications. Generally, a sidelink
signal may refer to a signal communicated from one subordinate
entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2)
without relaying that communication through the scheduling entity
(e.g., UE or BS), even though the scheduling entity may be utilized
for scheduling and/or control purposes. In some examples, the
sidelink signals may be communicated using a licensed spectrum
(unlike wireless local area networks, which typically use an
unlicensed spectrum).
In one example, a wireless communication structure, such as a
frame, may include both UL-centric subframes and DL-centric
subframes. In this example, the ratio of UL-centric subframes to
DL-centric subframes in a frame may be dynamically adjusted based
at least in part on the amount of UL data and the amount of DL data
that are transmitted. For example, if there is more UL data, then
the ratio of UL-centric subframes to DL-centric subframes may be
increased. Conversely, if there is more DL data, then the ratio of
UL-centric subframes to DL-centric subframes may be decreased.
As indicated above, FIG. 8 is provided merely as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
regard to FIG. 8.
A wireless communication device, such as a user equipment (e.g., UE
120) and/or the like, may operate in a new radio (NR) network. The
wireless communication device may utilize multiple links for
operation in the NR network. For example, the wireless
communication device may monitor a PDCCH associated with multiple
beam-pair links. Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless
communication device may transmit uplink data using multiple
beam-pair links. For example, the wireless communication device may
transmit a set of PUCCHs, a set of PUSCHs, a set of SRSs, and/or
the like using multiple uplink beam-pair links. An uplink beam-pair
may refer to a beam for uplink transmission transmitted by the
wireless communication device and a corresponding beam for uplink
reception at an access point, such as BS 110. Similarly, a downlink
beam-pair may refer to a beam for downlink transmission by a base
station or access point to a wireless communication device and a
corresponding beam for downlink reception at the wireless
communication device.
The wireless communication device may transmit repetitions of a
particular channel using multiple uplink beam-pair links. For
example, the wireless communication device may transmit a first
repetition of a PUCCH using a first uplink beam-pair and a second
repetition of the PUCCH using a second uplink beam-pair.
Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless communication device
may transmit a PUCCH using a first uplink beam-pair and a PUSCH
using a second uplink beam-pair.
The wireless communication device may transmit data using multiple
uplink beam-pairs to a single cell. Additionally, or alternatively,
the wireless communication device may transmit different uplink
beam-pairs to different cells. For example, when the wireless
communication device is operating in a coordinated multipoint
(CoMP) mode, the wireless communication device may transmit data
using a first uplink beam-pair to a first cell and a second uplink
beam-pair to a second cell. In this way, the wireless communication
device may utilize multiple beam-pair links to provide redundancy
in data transmission and reception, thereby improving a robustness
to errors associated with a particular beam-pair link relative to
operating in a single link mode. However, using transmit power
control signaling for a single link may result in incorrect gain
settings, interference conditions, and/or the like when applied to
multiple links.
Techniques and apparatuses, described herein, permit a wireless
communication device to determine an uplink channel transmit power
for a plurality of uplink beam-pairs. For example, based at least
in part on receiving one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands from one or more access points, the wireless communication
device may determine the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs, and may transmit data on the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs using the determined uplink channel
transmit power. In this way, power control may be achieved for
multi-link communication.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 of multi-link
transmit power control. As shown in FIG. 9, example 900 may include
a BS 110 and a UE 120.
As further shown in FIG. 9, and by reference number 910, UE 120 may
receive a multicast transmission conveying one or more DCI
transmissions including a plurality of TPC commands. In some
aspects, UE 120 may receive one or more DCI transmissions including
the plurality of TPC commands. For example, UE 120 may receive one
or more DCI transmissions with a plurality of indicators of a
plurality of transmit powers.
As further shown in FIG. 9, and by reference number 920, UE 120 may
determine a plurality of transmit powers for a plurality of uplink
beam-pairs. For example, UE 120 may determine a common transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs. Additionally, or
alternatively, UE 120 may determine a plurality of different
transmit powers for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs.
Additionally, or alternatively, UE 120 may determine a first
transmit power for a first uplink beam-pair and a second transmit
power for a plurality of second uplink beam-pairs.
As further shown in FIG. 9, and by reference numbers 930-1 and
930-2, UE 120 may transmit a plurality of uplink beam-pairs with a
plurality of transmit powers. For example, UE 120 may transmit a
first uplink beam-pair with a first transmit power using a first
antenna, antenna element, or antenna element array, and may
transmit a second uplink beam-pair with a second transmit power
using a second antenna, antenna element, or antenna element array.
In some aspects, UE 120 may transmit the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs to a plurality of BSs 110. For example, UE 120 may
transmit using a first uplink beam-pair or a first set of uplink
beam-pairs to a first BS 110, a second uplink beam-pair or a second
set of uplink beam-pairs to a second BS 110, and/or the like. In
some aspects, UE 120 may transmit a plurality of types of channels
based at least in part on the plurality of transmit powers. For
example, the plurality of types of channels may include at least
one of an uplink channel, a supplemental uplink channel, and/or the
like. In this case, each uplink channel (e.g., the uplink channel
and the supplemental uplink channel) may be associated with a
single downlink channel, and may be controlled by different TPC
commands sent on the single downlink channel.
As indicated above, FIG. 9 is provided as an example. Other
examples are possible and may differ from what was described with
respect to FIG. 9.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000
performed, for example, by a wireless communication device, in
accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example
process 1000 is an example where a wireless communication device
(e.g., UE 120) performs multi-link transmit power control.
As shown in FIG. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may include
receiving one or more DCI transmissions including one or more TPC
commands (block 1010). For example, the wireless communication
device may receive the one or more DCI transmissions, including the
one or more TPC commands, from one or more access points (e.g., one
or more BSs 110). In some aspects, the one or more TPC commands may
relate to an uplink channel transmit power for a plurality of
uplink beam-pairs. In some aspects, the wireless communication
device may receive a single DCI transmission that conveys multiple
TPC commands. For example, an access point may transmit multiple
TPC commands that correspond to a sequence of link indices for a
set of links in a single DCI transmission, and the wireless
communication device may receive the single DCI transmission and
extract the TPC commands to determine uplink transmit power for
each uplink beam-pair link. Additionally, or alternatively, the
wireless communication device may receive multiple DCI
transmissions (e.g., via multiple downlink beam-pair links), and
the wireless communication device may extract TPC commands from
each DCI transmission. In this case, each TPC command associated
with each DCI transmission transmitted via each downlink beam-pair
may relate to an uplink transmit power for an uplink beam-pair
associated, for example based at least in part on beam
correspondence or reciprocity, with the downlink beam-pair on which
the DCI transmission was received. Additionally, or alternatively,
the wireless communication device may receive a single TPC command
relating to an uplink transmit power for multiple uplink
beam-pairs, a combination of a TPC command relating to multiple
uplink beam-pairs and a TPC command relating to a single uplink
beam-pair, and/or the like.
In some aspects, the wireless communication device may receive the
one or more DCI transmissions via a unicast transmission. For
example, an access point (e.g., BS 110) may transmit a unicast
transmission directed to the wireless communication device to
convey the one or more TPC commands. Additionally, or
alternatively, the wireless communication device may receive the
one or more DCI transmissions via a multicast transmission. For
example, an access point (e.g., BS 110) may transmit a multicast
transmission directed to multiple wireless communication devices to
convey the one or more TPC commands to the multiple wireless
communication devices (e.g., a single TPC command directed to
multiple wireless communication devices, multiple TPC commands
directed to multiple wireless communication devices, and/or the
like). In this case, the wireless communication device may extract
TPC bits of a TPC command based at least in part on information
identifying a portion of the multicast transmission for utilization
by the wireless communication device. In some aspects, the one or
more DCI transmissions conveyed via the multicast transmission may
be dynamically updated based at least in part on a change to a
quantity of links. In some aspects, the multicast transmission may
be transmitted by an access point without padding bits.
Additionally, or alternatively, the multicast transmission may be
transmitted by the access point with padding bits, which the
wireless communication device may utilize for verification (e.g., a
cyclic redundancy check (CRC)).
In some aspects, the one or more DCI transmissions is a single DCI
transmission that includes the one or more TPC commands. In some
aspects, the one or more TPC commands includes a plurality of TPC
commands, and the single DCI transmission includes the plurality of
TPC commands in a sequence corresponding to a sequence of link
indices. In some aspects, the one or more TPC commands are received
via a unicast transmission.
In some aspects, the one or more TPC commands are received via a
multicast transmission, and the multicast transmission includes the
one or more TPC commands for a plurality of wireless communication
devices. In some aspects, at least one TPC command, of the one or
more TPC commands, is extracted by the wireless communication
device from the multicast transmission. In some aspects, the
multicast transmission does not include a set of padding bits, and
a quantity of TPC bits of the multicast transmission is associated
with a quantity of TPC commands of the one or more TPC commands. In
some aspects, the multicast transmission includes a set of padding
bits, and the set of padding bits includes information associated
with the one or more TPC commands. In some aspects, the set of
padding bits is set to a static value. In some aspects, the uplink
channel transmit power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is
determined based at least in part on a mapping of bits of the
multicast transmission to uplink beam-pairs of the plurality of
uplink beam-pairs.
As further shown in FIG. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may
include determining an uplink channel transmit power for a
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the one or
more TPC commands (block 1020). For example, the wireless
communication device may determine the uplink channel transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part
on the one or more TPC commands. In some aspects, the wireless
communication device may determine a transmit power level for the
uplink transmit power is determined based at least in part on a
power control step-size. In some aspects, the one or more power
control step-sizes may set based at least in part on a
specification, or may be configured by the network or an access
point (e.g., using a master information block (MIB), a master
system information block (MSIB), a system information block (SIB),
a DCI message, radio resource control (RRC) configuration message,
or the like). For example, the wireless communication device may be
configured with a single power control step-size for multiple
uplink beam-pairs, multiple power control step-sizes for multiple
uplink beam-pairs, and/or the like.
In some aspects, data is transmitted on the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs using the determined uplink channel transmit power. In
some aspects, each of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is
associated with a corresponding TPC command of the one or more TPC
commands. In some aspects, the one or more DCI transmissions are a
plurality of DCI transmissions, and each DCI transmission, of the
plurality of DCI transmissions includes a TPC command of the one or
more TPC commands. In some aspects, each DCI transmission, of the
plurality of DCI transmissions, includes information identifying a
corresponding uplink beam-pair of the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs. In some aspects, the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are
associated with a single base station. In some aspects, the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs are associated with multiple base
stations, and the information identifying the corresponding uplink
beam-pair includes a cell identifier.
In some aspects, uplink channel transmit powers for two or more of
the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are determined based at least in
part on a single TPC command of the one or more TPC commands. In
some aspects, a power control step-size is determined for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the one or
more TPC commands. In some aspects, a first uplink beam-pair, of
the plurality of uplink beam-pairs, is associated with a first
power control step-size, a second uplink beam-pair, of the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs, is associated with a second power
control step-size, and the second power control step-size is
different from the first power control step-size. In some aspects,
the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are associated with a plurality
of types of channels, and the plurality of types of channels
include at least one of a PUCCH, a PUSCH, a sounding reference
signal (SRS) channel, a scheduling request (SR) channel, a beam
recovery (BR) indicator channel, and/or the like. In some aspects,
a first TPC command, of the one or more TPC commands, corresponds
to a first type of channel of the plurality of types of channels,
and a second TPC command, of the one or more TPC commands,
corresponds to a second type of channel of the plurality of types
of channels.
Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single
aspect or any combination of aspects described above.
Although FIG. 10 shows example blocks of process 1000, in some
aspects, process 1000 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks,
different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those
depicted in FIG. 10. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of
the blocks of process 1000 may be performed in parallel.
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100
performed, for example, by a wireless communication device, in
accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example
process 1100 is an example where a wireless communication device
(e.g., UE 120) performs multi-link transmit power control.
As shown in FIG. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include
receiving one or more downlink control information (DCI)
transmissions including a plurality of transmit power control (TPC)
commands (block 1110). For example, the wireless communication
device may receive the one or more DCI transmissions including the
plurality of TPC commands from at least one access point (e.g., a
BS 110). In some aspects, the plurality of TPC commands relate to
an uplink channel transmit power for a plurality of uplink
beam-pairs. For example, the plurality of TPC commands may relate
to a plurality of uplink channel transmit powers for the plurality
of uplink beam-pairs.
As further shown in FIG. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may
include determining the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part on the
plurality of TPC commands (block 1120). For example, the wireless
communication device may determine the uplink channel transmit
power for the plurality of uplink beam-pairs based at least in part
on the plurality of TPC commands.
Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single
aspect or any combination of aspects described below.
In some aspects, data is transmitted on the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs using the uplink channel transmit power.
In some aspects, each of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs is
associated with a corresponding TPC command of the plurality of TPC
commands.
In some aspects, the one or more DCI transmissions includes the
plurality of TPC commands in a sequence corresponding to a sequence
of link indices.
In some aspects, the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are associated
with a single base station.
In some aspects, the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are associated
with multiple base stations.
In some aspects, each of the plurality of TPC commands is
associated with a corresponding cell identifier and information
identifying a corresponding uplink beam-pair.
In some aspects, uplink channel transmit powers for two or more of
the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are determined based at least in
part on a single TPC command of the plurality of TPC commands.
In some aspects, a transmit power level for the uplink channel
transmit power is determined based at least in part on a power
control step-size.
In some aspects, a first uplink beam-pair, of the plurality of
uplink beam-pairs, is associated with a first power control
step-size and a second uplink beam-pair, of the plurality of uplink
beam-pairs, is associated with a second power control step-size,
and the second power control step-size is different from the first
power control step-size.
In some aspects, the plurality of TPC commands are received via a
unicast transmission.
In some aspects, the plurality of TPC commands are received via a
multicast transmission.
In some aspects, the plurality of TPC commands are for a plurality
of wireless communication devices.
In some aspects, at least one TPC command, of the plurality of TPC
commands, is extracted by the wireless communication device from
the multicast transmission.
In some aspects, the multicast transmission does not include a set
of padding bits, and the set of padding bits includes information
associated with the plurality of TPC commands.
In some aspects, the multicast transmission includes a set of
padding bits, and the set of padding bits includes information
associated with the plurality of TPC commands.
In some aspects, the set of padding bits is set to a static
value.
In some aspects, the uplink channel transmit power for the
plurality of uplink beam-pairs is determined based at least in part
on a mapping of bits of the multicast transmission to uplink
beam-pairs of the plurality of uplink beam-pairs.
In some aspects, the plurality of uplink beam-pairs are associated
with a plurality of types of channels, and the plurality of types
of channels include a PUCCH, a PUSCH, an SRS channel, an SR
channel, a BR indicator channel, and/or the like.
In some aspects, a first TPC command, of the plurality of TPC
commands, corresponds to a first type of channel of the plurality
of types of channels, and a second TPC command, of the plurality of
TPC commands, corresponds to a second type of channel of the
plurality of types of channels.
Although FIG. 11 shows example blocks of process 1100, in some
aspects, process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks,
different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those
depicted in FIG. 11. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of
the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.
In this way, a wireless communication device (e.g., UE 120) may
control a transmit power for multiple uplink beam-pairs when
operating in a multi-link mode.
The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but
is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the
precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible
in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice
of the aspects.
As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly
construed as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and
software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware,
firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.
Some aspects are described herein in connection with thresholds. As
used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being
greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold,
less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal
to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, and/or the like.
It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, described herein,
may be implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or a
combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized
control hardware or software code used to implement these systems
and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation
and behavior of the systems and/or methods were described herein
without reference to specific software code--it being understood
that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems
and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description
herein.
Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the
claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations
are not intended to limit the disclosure of possible aspects. In
fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not
specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the
specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may
directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of possible
aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every
other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to "at least one
of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items,
including single members. As an example, "at least one of: a, b, or
c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well
as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a,
a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and
c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c).
No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as
critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as
used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one
or more items, and may be used interchangeably with "one or more."
Furthermore, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are
intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items,
unrelated items, a combination of related and unrelated items,
etc.), and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Where
only one item is intended, the term "one" or similar language is
used. Also, as used herein, the terms "has," "have," "having,"
and/or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the
phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based, at least in part, on"
unless explicitly stated otherwise.
* * * * *
References