U.S. patent number 10,319,165 [Application Number 16/196,548] was granted by the patent office on 2019-06-11 for wireless locking device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to NOKE, INC.. The grantee listed for this patent is NOKE, INC.. Invention is credited to David P. Gengler, Cameron Gibbs, Arthur Healey.
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United States Patent |
10,319,165 |
Gengler , et al. |
June 11, 2019 |
Wireless locking device
Abstract
An electronic locking device can be configured to become active
from a low power state, receive physical input to unlock, and
provide access to a replaceable power supply. An electronic locking
device can use a combination of physical input and discovery of an
authorized mobile device to enable transition from a locked state
to an unlocked state. Authorization can be internally stored or
externally obtained through a service. An electronic locking device
can match a series of physical interactions to a series of stored
interactions to enable transition from a locked state to an
unlocked state, when an authorized device is unavailable. An
electronic locking device can provide access to a replaceable power
supply when a latch is released.
Inventors: |
Gengler; David P. (Draper,
UT), Healey; Arthur (Centerville, UT), Gibbs; Cameron
(Draper, UT) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
NOKE, INC. |
Lehi |
UT |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
NOKE, INC. (Lehi, UT)
|
Family
ID: |
55301766 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/196,548 |
Filed: |
November 20, 2018 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20190088057 A1 |
Mar 21, 2019 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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15669807 |
Aug 4, 2017 |
10176656 |
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14610578 |
Aug 29, 2017 |
9747739 |
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62038774 |
Aug 18, 2014 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G07C
9/00571 (20130101); E05B 67/00 (20130101); E05B
2047/0095 (20130101); G07C 2009/00746 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G07C
9/00 (20060101); E05B 67/00 (20060101); E05B
47/00 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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204002132 |
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Dec 2014 |
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CN |
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2607582 |
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Jun 2013 |
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EP |
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20100049321 |
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May 2010 |
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KR |
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WO2007020574 |
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Feb 2007 |
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WO |
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WO2013170292 |
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Nov 2013 |
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WO |
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WO2013189721 |
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Dec 2013 |
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WO |
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|
Primary Examiner: Foxx; Chico A
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Phillips, Ryther & Winchester
Flanagan; Justin K.
Claims
The invention claimed is:
1. An electronic locking system, comprising: a locking mechanism to
transition between a locked state and an unlocked state; a touch
sensor to detect user input touch interactions as one of short
input interactions and long input interactions based on a duration
of each detected user input touch interaction; a status indicator
to indicate whether each detected touch input interaction is
detected as a short input interaction or a long input interaction;
and an electronic controller to determine that a detected series of
short and long input interactions matches an unlock code defined as
an ordered series of interspersed short and long input
interactions, and wherein the locking mechanism is configured to
transition from the locked state to the unlocked state based on
determination that the detected series of short and long input
interactions match the stored unlock code.
2. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the status
indicator comprises a light.
3. The electronic locking system of claim 1, further comprising a
wireless interface to receive an unlock instruction from an
authorized mobile device, and wherein the locking mechanism is
configured to transition from the locked state to the unlocked
state based on the received unlock instruction.
4. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the locking
mechanism is configured as part of a padlock to secure a
shackle.
5. The electronic locking system of claim 1, further comprising a
power supply module configured to remain in a low power state until
a first input interaction is detected via the touch sensor.
6. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the touch
sensor comprises a light sensor that detects manual user touch
inputs that at least partially block the light sensor for durations
corresponding to short input interactions and long input
interactions.
7. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the touch
sensor comprises one of a resistive touch sensor and a capacitive
touch sensor.
8. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the touch
sensor comprises a button.
9. The electronic locking system of claim 1, wherein the status
indicator comprises an audible indicator.
10. A method of operating an electronic lock, comprising:
detecting, via a touch sensor, user input touch interactions as one
of short input interactions and long input interactions based on a
duration of each detected user input touch interaction; indicating,
via a status indicator, whether each detected touch input
interaction is detected as a short input interaction or a long
input interaction; determining, via an electronic controller, that
a detected series of short and long input interactions matches an
unlock code defined as an ordered series of interspersed short and
long input interactions; and transitioning the locking mechanism
from the locked state to the unlocked state based on determination
that the detected series of short and long input interactions
matches the stored unlock code.
11. An electronic lock, comprising: a lock body; a locking
mechanism to transition between a locked state and an unlocked
state; a sensor to detect: manual user inputs as short input
interactions that each have a duration of time less than a
threshold value, and manual user inputs as long input interactions
that each have a duration of time longer than the threshold value;
a storage medium to store an unlock code defined as an ordered
series of short and long input interactions; and a controller to:
compare a series of short and long input interactions detected by
the sensor with the stored unlock code; transition the locking
mechanism from the locked state to the unlocked state based on a
determination that a detected series of short and long input
interactions match the stored unlock code.
12. The electronic lock of claim 11, further comprising a status
indicator to indicate whether each detected input interaction is
detected as a short input interaction or a long input
interaction.
13. The electronic lock of claim 12, wherein the status indicator
comprises one of a light as a visual status indicator and an
audible status indicator.
14. The electronic lock of claim 11, wherein the electronic lock
further comprises a shackle.
15. The electronic lock of claim 14, wherein the electronic lock is
a padlock, and wherein the shackle comprises a U-shaped shackle, at
least one side of which is released from the lock body when the
locking mechanism is in an unlocked state.
16. The electronic lock of claim 15, wherein the shackle is secured
proximate two ends of the shackle when the locking mechanism is in
the locked state.
17. The electronic lock of claim 11, wherein the electronic lock
comprises a U-lock padlock.
18. The electronic lock of claim 11, further comprising a power
supply module configured to remain in a low power state until a
first input interaction is detected via the sensor.
19. The electronic lock of claim 11, wherein the sensor comprises a
light sensor that detects manual user inputs that at least
partially block the light sensor for durations corresponding to
short input interactions and long input interactions.
20. The electronic lock of claim 11, wherein the sensor comprises
one of a resistive touch sensor and a capacitive touch sensor.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to locking devices and more
specifically to locking devices configured to communicate over
wireless channels.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic locking
device consistent with embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 2 is an exploded diagram illustrating the electronic locking
device of FIG. 1 consistent with embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 3 is a system diagram illustrating a system configured to
provide services to the electronic locking device of FIG. 1
consistent with embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 4 is an illustration of a user interface for configuring a
secondary unlocking interaction consistent with embodiments
disclosed herein.
FIG. 5 is an illustration of a user interface for authorizing a
user to unlock an electronic locking device consistent with
embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method for unlocking an
electronic lock consistent with embodiments disclosed herein.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating an alternative method for
unlocking an electronic lock consistent with embodiments disclosed
herein.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a mobile device consistent with embodiments
disclosed herein.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a computing system consistent with
embodiments disclosed herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A detailed description of systems and methods consistent with
embodiments of the present disclosure is provided below. While
several embodiments are described, it should be understood that the
disclosure is not limited to any one embodiment, but instead
encompasses numerous alternatives, modifications, and equivalents.
In addition, while numerous specific details are set forth in the
following description in order to provide a thorough understanding
of the embodiments disclosed herein, some embodiments can be
practiced without some or all of these details. Moreover, for the
purpose of clarity, certain technical material that is known in the
related art has not been described in detail in order to avoid
unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure.
Techniques, apparatus, and methods are disclosed that enable an
electronic locking device to become active from a low power state
(such as a sleep state or a zero power state), receive physical
input to unlock (such as through a physical interface), and provide
access to a replaceable power supply. In a first embodiment, an
electronic locking device can use a combination of physical input
and discovery of an authorized mobile device to enable transition
from a locked state to an unlocked state. The electronic locking
device can receive a physical input, causing the electronic locking
device to transition from a low power state to an active state. The
electronic locking device can determine if a wireless device is
present. If a wireless device is present, the electronic locking
device can determine whether the wireless device is authorized to
unlock the electronic locking device. If the wireless device is
authorized, the electronic locking device can transition to an
unlocked state.
For example, an electronic lock can be placed on a locker. A user
pushes on a u-bend at the top of the electronic lock and on a
bottom of a cylinder of the lock, causing the u-bend to move toward
the cylinder of the lock. The movement of the u-bend can cause an
end of the u-bend to contact an electronic switch. The switch can
provide a signal that causes a processor in the electronic lock to
transition from a sleep state to an awake state. The processor can
cause a Bluetooth.TM. low power beacon to be transmitted. A
smartphone configured with an application to access a lock service
can respond to the beacon. As part of the response and/or
negotiation, the smartphone can provide an authorization payload
(e.g., a token, key, and/or code) proving authorization to access
the electronic lock. Upon verifying the authorization (e.g., by
pre-configuration or contacting a service over a second
communication channel), the electronic lock can transition from a
locked state to an unlocked state and release a locking mechanism
(e.g., as shown in FIG. 2). In one example, the lock can be
re-engaged by resetting the u-bend into the cylinder of the lock
and pressing the u-bend into the cylinder. The pressing of the
u-bend can cause the switch to activate and the lock to transition
from an unlocked state to a locked state and lock the locking
mechanism.
In some embodiments, the electronic lock does not require physical
input. The electronic lock can send out a beacon over a long
duration interval to conserve battery power (e.g., one-second
intervals). A mobile device can respond to the beacon and prove
authorization to access the electronic lock. Upon confirmation of
the authorization, the electronic lock can transition from a locked
state to an unlocked state and release a locking mechanism.
In a second embodiment, an electronic locking device can match a
series of long and/or short physical interactions to a series of
stored interactions to enable the transition from a locked state to
an unlocked state. The electronic locking device can detect a first
physical interaction that causes it to transition from a low power
state to an active state. In some embodiments, an indicator (such
as an LED light or sound) can indicate the transition is complete.
A user can then interact with the locking device through a series
of long and/or short physical input interactions. When a series of
physical input actions matches a stored set of input actions, the
electronic locking device can transition from a locked state to an
unlocked state and release a locking mechanism.
For example, an electronic padlock can be placed on a hasp to
secure a shed door. A user can touch a capacitive touch sensing
front panel to cause the electronic padlock to wake from a sleep
state. The electronic padlock can flash a green light and/or sound
a short beep to indicate the lock is ready for input. Having set a
stored code of long touches and short touches beforehand (such as
through an application on a smartphone or a locking service), a
user can repeat the code to the lock by touching the capacitive
touch sensing front panel. If the input code matches the stored
code, the lock can transition from a locked state to an unlocked
state and release a captured shackle (also known as a shank). When
a user determines that the electronic padlock should be locked
again, the user can replace the shackle and touch the touch sensing
front panel to cause the electronic padlock to transition to a
locked state from an unlocked state and recapture the shackle.
Various sensors can be used to provide input to the electronic
locking device alone or in combination through a physical
interface. Physical inputs can include use of accelerometers (e.g.,
activated by shaking and/or movement of a lock), light sensors
(e.g., activated by waving a hand between a light source and/or the
lock), infrared sensors (e.g., activated by waving a hand in front
of the lock), front buttons (e.g., activated by pushing on a front
of the lock body), shank buttons (e.g., activated by pushing the
shank into the lock body), switches (e.g., activated by pushing a
spring-loaded switch to a second position that returns to a first
position), capacitive touch sensors (e.g., activated by touching a
panel and/or lock body), resistive touch sensors (e.g., activated
by pressing on a panel), light-based touch sensors (e.g., activated
by breaking a beam across the lock body), etc. A combination of
sensors also can be used. In one embodiment, a light sensor is used
in combination with an accelerometer. The lock can remain in a low
power state until both the light sensor detects a change in light
and the accelerometer detects shaking of the device. This
combination can help preserve battery power, such as on occasions
when a lock is in a backpack. A sole accelerometer input might
cause the lock to wake up when the backpack is jostled during
walking or riding a bike. With both sensors, however, the light may
remain dim while in the backpack, causing the lock to remain in a
low power state. Electronic inputs can include use of wireless
local area network interface (also known as WiFi.TM.),
Bluetooth.TM., ZigBee.TM., ethernet, USB.TM., Long Term Evolution
(LTE.TM.), near field communication (NFC), etc.
In some embodiments, the electronic padlock can first attempt to
connect to an authorized electronic device. For example, after
receiving the input from a capacitive touch sensor, the electronic
padlock can transmit one or more Bluetooth.TM. beacons indicating
the lock is awake. After receiving no response, the electronic
padlock can then indicate to a user that it is available for
physical input attempts by lighting the green light and/or sounding
the short beep. In one embodiment, the lock can continue to send
out Bluetooth.TM. beacons. In other embodiments, the electronic
padlock may use an indicator and a user must wait a set amount of
time (such as one second) before the padlock is ready to receive
input.
In some embodiments, the electronic padlock can be reset so that
another code can be attempted. In an embodiment, if an input code
is incorrectly input, the lock will reset if no activity is sensed
for two seconds. In one embodiment, an extra-long press held for
two seconds will reset the electronic padlock. In other
embodiments, the electronic padlock gives an indication of success
or failure by emitting a red light and/or long beep.
In a third embodiment, an electronic locking device can provide
access to a replaceable power supply. The electronic locking device
can include a hole in which a small rod can be inserted (e.g., a
paper clip). The rod can contact a latch mechanism that releases a
latch on a battery cover of the electronic locking device. When the
latch is released, the battery cover can be removed. In some
embodiments, the latch is self-locking such that when the battery
cover is replaced, the latch locks automatically (e.g.,
mechanically, electrically, etc.).
It should be recognized that an electronic locking device can be a
lock. Locks can take various forms, such as a padlock as shown in
FIG. 1, having a horizontal cylindrical shape. Other shapes are
also possible, such as cubic shapes, trapezoid shapes, vertical
cylindrical shapes, etc.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an electronic locking
device 100 consistent with embodiments disclosed herein. The
electronic locking device 100 can be a padlock that includes a lock
body 102, a front end cap 104, a back end cap 106, and a shank 108.
An LED status light 110 can show status by displaying multiple
colors, multiple blink patterns, solid lights, and/or nothing. The
status light 110 can show states including waking up, going to
sleep, locked, unlocked, entry type (e.g., short or long),
successful password, unsuccessful password, communication speed,
communication status, channel, connectivity, and/or reset.
In some embodiments, the end caps 104 and 106 can be removed. In
one example, the end caps 104 and 106 can be removed when in an
unlocked state, but not when in a locked state. In another example,
the front end cap 104 can only be removed in an unlocked state, but
the back end cap 106 can be removed to expose a removable battery
(such as described above). Other combinations are also
possible.
Electronics can be housed inside the lock body 102, and antennas
can be built into the circuit boards and/or the external case (such
as the lock body 102, the end cap 104 or 106, or the shank 108). In
one embodiment, the front end cap 104 includes an antenna strip. In
another embodiment, the back end cap 106 is configured to be
transparent to wireless signals.
FIG. 2 shows an exploded diagram of an embodiment of the electronic
locking device shown in FIG. 1. In the embodiment shown, an
electronic locking device 200 can include two locking body gaskets
212, a locking body 202, a front end cap 204, a back end cap 206, a
controller board 214, a motor 216, a battery board 218, a battery
220, a shank 208, two shank gaskets 222, a shank guide 224, a
locking spindle 226, two ball bearings 228, a shank clip 230, a
shank spring 232, four sets of screws 234 and a retaining disc
236.
The locking body gaskets 212 can provide weather protection between
the locking body 202 and the end caps 204 and 206. In one
embodiment, the locking body gaskets 212 are made from silicone. In
an embodiment, the locking body gaskets 212 form a seal as the end
caps 204 and 206 are tightened by screwing the threaded end caps
204 and 206 onto the locking body 202.
The locking body 202 can be formed to receive components of the
electronic locking device 200. In some embodiments, the locking
body 202 includes two chambers 238 and 240 separated by a wall to
prevent tampering with the electronic locking device 200. A first
chamber 238 can house a locking mechanism that can only be accessed
when the electronic locking device 200 is unlocked. A second
chamber 240 (not shown) can house the battery 220 such that it can
be accessed even when the electronic locking device 200 lacks power
(e.g., a dead battery). The front end cap 204 can attach to and
cover the first chamber 238. The back end cap 206 can attach to and
cover the second chamber 240. The end caps 204 and 206 can attach
through various methods including threading (to screw a cap onto
the locking body 202), press-fit connections (to press such that a
ridge of one side connects to a valley on the other side), pins,
screws, latches, etc.
The controller board 214 can house a processor 242, memory,
computer-readable media, wireless interfaces, antennas 244, and
other supporting electronic components of the electronic locking
device 200. The controller board 214 can include a Bluetooth.TM.
low power interface and/or a WiFi.TM. interface. In one embodiment,
the Bluetooth.TM. low power interface allows communication channels
to be formed with mobile devices that are authorized to unlock the
electronic locking device 200. In another embodiment, the WiFi.TM.
interface allows channels to be formed with mobile devices that are
authorized to unlock the electronic locking device 200. In an
embodiment, the WiFi.TM. interface allows connection to a locking
service through an access point. A controller on the controller
board can then query the service as to whether a connected mobile
device is authorized to operate the electronic locking device 200
and/or grant permissions for operating the electronic locking
device 200 (e.g., unlock-only, lock-only, lock/unlock,
administrative access, granting permissions to other users, etc.).
In some embodiments, the controller causes permissions to be stored
locally on the electronic locking device 200. In other embodiments,
the controller queries a locking service to determine permissions.
In one embodiment, a hybrid is used such that permissions are
stored locally on the electronic locking device 200 and updated
from the locking service. In an embodiment, a hybrid authorization
service is used such that some permissions are stored locally
(e.g., unrestricted grantees) on the electronic locking device 200,
while other permissions are queried from the service (e.g.,
restricted grantees). In another embodiment, a hybrid approach is
used where the electronic locking device 200 first searches for
grantee permissions locally and, if not finding them, requests
permissions from the locking service. Other combinations are also
possible.
It should be recognized that when a mobile device is authorized to
unlock the electronic locking device 200, the authorization can be
provided through several means. In one embodiment, a mobile device
is "paired" (such as a Bluetooth.TM. pairing) such that the
electronic locking device 200 can connect with a paired mobile
device. Authorization to unlock is accomplished by the electronic
locking device 200 verifying a presence of a paired device. In
another embodiment, a pre-shared key can be used in a
challenge/response scenario. Authorization can be accomplished by
receiving a correct response to a challenge. The correct response
causes the electronic locking device 200 to transition into an
unlocked state. In yet another embodiment, an application can use a
wireless interface of a mobile device to communicate with a
service. Upon verifying credentials (such as a token) of the mobile
device and/or position of the mobile device (such as GPS location
and/or a beacon received from the electronic locking device 200),
the service can provide authorization for the electronic locking
device 200 to unlock.
The battery board 218 can reside in the second chamber 240 of the
locking body 202 and can provide connectivity and information about
the battery 220. In one embodiment, the battery board 218
determines remaining battery life and notifies the controller of
any problems. In an embodiment and if problems are detected, the
battery board 218 can report the problems to a controller on the
controller board 214. The controller can communicate with the
locking service over a WiFi.TM. communications channel and transmit
a message describing the problem. The locking service can then
communicate the problem to a user, such as through a text message,
an application notification, a phone call, an email, etc. The
battery board 218 can receive a battery 220 and be covered by an
back end cap 206.
The shank 208 can be used as part of a locking mechanism of the
electronic locking device 200. The shank 208 can be received by the
locking body 202. The shank 208 can have horizontal movement (e.g.,
play) reduced by the shank guide 224. The shank gaskets 222 can be
added to reduce play and aid in weatherproofing the locking body
202 at shank entrances. The shank guide 224 can also help contain
the locking spindle 226 within the locking body 202. The locking
spindle 226 can include raised and recessed portions that move the
ball bearings 228 outward from its axis. The locking spindle 226
can be controllably turned by the motor 216, controlled by the
processor 242 on the controller board 214. When turned at a first
angle relative to the locking body 202, the locking spindle 226 can
be in a locking state. When in a locking state, the locking spindle
226 can cause the ball bearings 228 to be pushed within recesses of
the shank 208. When the ball bearings 228 are present within the
recesses of the shank 208, the shank 208 is prevented from moving
out of a locked position (e.g., vertically) within the locking body
202. When turned at a second angle relative to the locking body
202, the locking spindle 226 can be in an unlocked state. When in
an unlocked state, the ball bearings 228 can be pushed into the
recesses of the locking spindle 226, and the shank 208 can move
(e.g., vertically). The shank clip 230 may be attached to a longer
end of the shank 208 to prevent the shank 208 from exiting the
locking body 202. The shank spring 232 can provide vertical lift
when transitioning to an unlocked state and/or resistance to
locking when transitioning to a locked state. The retaining disc
236 can be placed over the locking body 202 to enclose moving parts
within the locking body 202 and provide support to the moving parts
(e.g., the ball bearings 228, etc.).
Various fastening technologies can be used to hold together the
electronic locking device 200. In the embodiment shown, the four
sets of screws 234 are used to fasten circuit boards to the locking
body 202. The end caps 204 and 206 include threads that screw onto
the locking body 202. However, it should be recognized that other
fastening systems and/or devices can also be used.
FIG. 3 is a system diagram illustrating a system 300 configured to
provide services to the electronic locking device of FIG. 1
consistent with embodiments disclosed herein. An electronic lock
318 can communicate with a mobile device 320 and/or a lock
application service 316 (also known as a locking service) over an
Internet 314 as described above. The lock application service 316
can include load balancers 302 capable of decryption, application
servers 304, storage 306, control servers 310, and/or a logging
service 308 (which can include one or more logging servers).
In one example, a user can set up an account with the lock
application service 316 using an application on the mobile device
320. The user registers the electronic lock 318 with the lock
application service 316. The lock application service 316 can store
user credentials in storage 306 and associate the user credentials
with an electronic lock identifier for the electronic lock 318.
The user can then invite other users to join the lock application
service 316 and grant joined users permissions to the electronic
lock 318. Permissions can be restricted to days, times, number of
times unlocking is granted, a period of time, a repeating schedule,
and/or other restrictions on timing and use of the electronic lock
318. Permissions can be stored in storage 306.
Depending on the embodiment, permissions can be stored locally on
the electronic lock 318 and/or in the lock application service 316.
For example, when permissions are stored solely by the lock
application service 316, the electronic lock 318 can be
transitioned to an awake state by a user interaction and connect to
the mobile device 320 over Bluetooth.TM.. The mobile device 320 can
transmit credentials to the electronic lock 318. The electronic
lock 318 can send the credentials (or a message based on the
credentials, e.g., a cryptographic hash) to the lock application
service 316 for determination of whether the mobile device 320 is
authorized to unlock the electronic lock 318. The lock application
service 316 can transmit a message indicating authorization or
failure to the electronic lock 318 and log the attempt in the
logging service 308. If authorization is successful, the electronic
lock 318 can transition to an unlocked state and release the
locking mechanism. If authorization is not successful, the
electronic lock 318 can stay in the same state and provide an
indicator of the failure (e.g., light, sound, etc.).
In another example, when permissions are stored solely by the
electronic lock 318, the electronic lock 318 can be transitioned to
an awake state by a user interaction and connect to the mobile
device 320 over Bluetooth.TM.. The mobile device 320 can transmit
credentials to the electronic lock 318. The electronic lock 318 can
determine whether the credentials match credentials available
locally to the electronic lock 318. If a match is found and the
user is authorized, the electronic lock 318 can transition to an
unlocked state and release the locking mechanism. If the user is
not authorized, the electronic lock 318 can stay in the same state
and provide an indicator of the failure (e.g., light, sound,
etc.).
In one example, when permissions are stored by the electronic lock
318 and the lock application service 316, the electronic lock 318
can be transitioned to an awake state by a user interaction and
connect to the mobile device 320 over Bluetooth.TM.. The mobile
device 320 can transmit credentials to the electronic lock 318. The
electronic lock 318 can determine whether the credentials match
credentials available locally to the electronic lock 318. If a
match is found and the user is authorized, the electronic lock 318
can transition to an unlocked state and release the locking
mechanism. If no match is found, the electronic lock 318 can send
the credentials (or a message based on the credentials, e.g., a
cryptographic hash) to the lock application service 316 for
determination of whether the mobile device 320 is authorized to
unlock the electronic lock 318. The lock application service 316
can transmit a message indicating authorization or failure to the
electronic lock 318 and log the attempt in the logging service 308.
If authorization is successful, the electronic lock 318 can
transition to an unlocked state and release the locking mechanism.
If authorization is not successful, the electronic lock 318 can
stay in the same state and provide an indicator of the failure
(e.g., light, sound, etc.).
In an example, the electronic lock 318 can transition to an awake
state in response to a user interaction (such as pressing on the
shank). The electronic lock 318 can transmit a beacon over a first
communication channel (such as Bluetooth.TM.). The mobile device
320 can receive the beacon and transmit proof of receipt of the
beacon (or a message based on the beacon, e.g., a cryptographic
hash) to the lock application service 316 over a second
communication channel (e.g., WiFi.TM.). The lock application
service 316 can determine whether the mobile device 320 is
authorized to unlock the electronic lock 318. The lock application
service 316 can transmit a message indicating authorization, if
successful, to the electronic lock 318 over the second
communication channel (e.g., WiFi.TM.) and log the attempt in the
logging service 308. When an authorization message is received, the
electronic lock 318 can transition to an unlocked state and release
the locking mechanism. If authorization is not successful, the
electronic lock 318 can stay in the same state, and an application
on the mobile device 320 can provide an indicator of the failure
(e.g., light, sound, message, etc.). In some embodiments, the
beacon can be transmitted over the second communication channel and
only one communication channel is used.
Logged history can be made available to a user of the electronic
lock 318 (e.g., an owner, administrator, authorized user, etc.).
History can include various events, attempts, and permissions
related to the electronic lock 318. This can include current status
of the electronic lock 318 (locked, unlocked, battery power, etc.),
prior status of the electronic lock 318, user requests received,
failed attempts, successful attempts, network connectivity issues,
last updates, updated permissions, and/or other interactions with
the electronic lock 318 or the lock application service 316.
FIG. 4 is an illustration of a user interface 400 for configuring a
secondary unlocking interaction consistent with embodiments
disclosed herein. A user can access an application on a mobile
device. In some embodiments, the application can verify user
credentials with a locking service before access is allowed. In
other embodiments, an electronic lock can operate without a locking
service, and a direct connection with the lock is established
through a setup procedure (e.g., using an initial set of physical
interactions to access the device).
The application can enable a user to alter settings of an
electronic lock using the user interface 400 as shown in FIG. 4. A
user can alter a name of the lock, provide a photograph of the
lock, and set a series of physical interactions that will unlock
the lock. In the embodiment shown, a user can type a new name in a
name field 402. A picture can be added by clicking an add photo
button 404 and then taking a new photo or selecting an existing
photo (such as a photo stored on the mobile device). Added pictures
can then be displayed in a photo area 406. The series of physical
interactions can be displayed in an interaction settings field 408.
The series can be edited by using buttons below the interaction
settings field 408 (such as an insert short interaction button 410,
an insert long interaction button 412, and a delete button 414). A
save button 416 can cause settings displayed on the screen to be
stored and used in device and/or service configurations. A
navigation button 418 (such as a back button) can aid in moving
between user interfaces (or screens of a user interlace).
In some embodiments, physical interaction can be used as a backup
when an authorized mobile device is lost or unavailable. For
example, a user can set a series of three dots (e.g., short
pushes), three dashes (e.g., three long pushes), and three dots,
and click on the save button 416. When a mobile device is
unavailable, the user can push on the shank of the lock using the
series entered previously to open the lock (e.g., three clicks,
three holds, and three clicks). This interaction can allow the lock
to open.
In some embodiments, the lock can transition temporarily to
credential-free operation when the series is correctly entered. A
user can access settings (such as the user interface 400 in FIG. 4)
or add devices within a time threshold after the lock is opened
using the physical interaction method. In an embodiment, the series
of physical interactions can be used to reset the lock to a default
state. In some embodiments, a user can connect to the locking
service to request authorization, successfully perform the series
of physical interactions, and then receive access to the electronic
lock (as the electronic lock can report the successful interaction
to the locking service).
FIG. 5 is an illustration of a user interface for authorizing a
user to unlock an electronic locking device consistent with
embodiments disclosed herein. In an embodiment, the user can access
a settings screen 500 that allows an administrative user to define
permissions for an authorized user (and/or invite a new user to
accept permissions to the lock). A lock can be identified in a
title location 502 and a picture location 506. An authorized user
can be identified by a user identifier 504 (such as an email,
login, name, etc.). Permissions can be tailored to the user.
Permissions can be set for permanent or single use, or further
refined by days, times, and/or an expiration date. Permissions can
be entered by clicking a permanent button 506, a one time button
508, or a custom button 510. In the embodiment shown, the custom
button 510 can be used to enable a date selection input area 512 in
which days of weeks, times and/or an expiration date can be
entered. Once the permissions have been entered, the user can
activate the send button 514 to send an authorization or invitation
to share access to the lock.
In some embodiments, the settings screen 500 can include an edit
button 526 to enable editing of a current lock. In one embodiment,
an add button or plus button 528 can be used to add an additional
lock (e.g., pair a lock) to the application and/or mobile device.
In some embodiments, this authorization is sent by email to a user,
inviting the user to accept the permissions, download a mobile
application, and/or create an account with the service.
Other user interface screens can include a list of locks, a history
of interactions with the locks and/or service, lock settings,
and/or application settings. These screens can be accessed by a
menu row 524, including buttons 516, 518, 520 and 522.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method 600 for unlocking an
electronic lock consistent with embodiments disclosed herein. The
method 600 can be accomplished by the system 300 shown in FIG. 3,
including the electronic lock 318, the mobile device 320, and the
lock application service 316. In box 602, the lock detects physical
input from a user. In box 604, the physical input causes the lock
to transition from a low power state to an active state. In box
606, the lock can detect a mobile device (such as through a mobile
device responding to a beacon transmitted over a wireless channel).
In box 608, the lock can confirm authorization of the mobile device
to perform an action on the lock (e.g., open request). The
authorization can be based on direct communication with the mobile
device or communication through an intermediary (such as a locking
service). In box 610, upon successful confirmation of the
authorization, the lock can transition from a locked state to an
unlocked state. In box 612, the lock can release a locking
mechanism.
In some embodiments the operation in boxes 606-608 can be performed
by a locking service. For example, the mobile device can send a
message to a locking service that identifies a wireless beacon
received by the mobile device and credentials of a user of the
device. The receipt of the beacon can prove the mobile device is
within the physical proximity of the lock. The locking service can
confirm the authorization of the user to access the lock and
transmit a message to the lock to cause the lock to transition from
a locked state to an unlocked state.
In some embodiments, the active state is still a lower power state
than when operating a lock. Lock operation components (and/or other
components, such as wireless components) can be selectively
deactivated when not needed.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating an alternative method 700 for
unlocking an electronic lock consistent with embodiments disclosed
herein. The method 700 can be accomplished by the system 300 shown
in FIG. 3, including the electronic lock 318, the mobile device
320, and the lock application service 316. In box 702, the lock can
detect physical input from a user. In box 704 and in response to
the physical input, the lock can transition from a low power state
to an active state. In box 706, the lock can detect an input series
of long and/or short physical interactions with the device (e.g.,
long clicks with short clicks, long touches with short touches,
longer duration shakes and shorter duration shakes, etc.). In one
embodiment, a long duration interaction can last half a second or
longer, and a short duration interaction can be for less than half
a second. In another embodiment, a long duration interaction can
last more than one second, and a short duration interaction can be
for one second or less. In box 708, the input series can be matched
against a stored series that was configured prior to the input
series. In box 710 and when the input series matches the stored
series, the lock can transition from a locked state to an unlocked
state. In box 712, the lock can release a locking mechanism
allowing a physical unlocking of the lock from a captured object
(e.g., hatch, latch, cable, etc.).
It should be recognized that the electronic lock 318 can be
operated with or without the lock application service 316. When
operating without the lock application service 316, the lock or
application on a mobile device can provide locking services (such
as emailing authorization keys, peer-to-peer transfer of
authorization keys, etc.). Verification of authorization can be
performed onboard the lock by the processor.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a mobile device 800 consistent with
embodiments disclosed herein. The mobile device 800 can include
multiple antennas, a speaker, a non-volatile memory port, a
keyboard (electronic or physical), a microphone, a display (such as
an LCD screen), a touch screen, an application processor, a
graphics processor, and internal memory. The mobile device 800 can
connect to one or more wireless services through wireless protocols
such as LTE.TM. by the third generation partnership project
(3GPP).TM., WiFi.TM. as defined by IEEE 802.11 standards,
Bluetooth.TM. by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. (including Bluetooth.TM.
4.0/Bluetooth.TM. Low Power), etc. The mobile device 800 can
process instructions on its application processor and graphics
processor using internal memory and render one or more user
interfaces (which can include one or more screens) to the
display.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a computing system 900 consistent
with embodiments disclosed herein. The computing system 900 can be
viewed as an information passing bus that connects various
components. In the embodiment shown, the computing system 900
includes a processor 902 having logic for processing instructions.
Instructions can be stored in and/or retrieved from memory 906 and
a storage device 908 that includes a computer-readable storage
medium. Instructions and/or data can arrive from a network
interface 910 that can include wired 914 or wireless 912
capabilities. Instructions and/or data can also come from an I/O
interface 916 that can include such things as expansion cards,
secondary buses (e.g., USB, etc.), devices, etc. A user can
interact with the computing system 900 though a user interface
device 918 and a rendering interface 904 that allows the computer
to receive and provide feedback to the user.
Embodiments and implementations of the systems and methods
described herein may include various operations, which may be
embodied in machine-executable instructions to be executed by a
computer system. A computer system may include one or more
general-purpose or special-purpose computers (or other electronic
devices). The computer system may include hardware components that
include specific logic for performing the operations or may include
a combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware.
Computer systems and the computers in a computer system may be
connected via a network. Suitable networks for configuration and/or
use as described herein include one or more local area networks,
wide area networks, metropolitan area networks, and/or Internet or
IP networks, such as the World Wide Web, a private Internet, a
secure Internet, a value-added network, a virtual private network,
an extranet, an intranet, or even stand-alone machines that
communicate with other machines by physical transport of media. In
particular, a suitable network may be formed from parts or
entireties of two or more other networks, including networks using
disparate hardware and network communication technologies.
One suitable network includes a server and one or more clients;
other suitable networks may contain other combinations of servers,
clients, and/or peer-to-peer nodes, and a given computer system may
function both as a client and as a server. Each network includes at
least two computers or computer systems, such as the server and/or
clients. A computer system may include a workstation, laptop
computer, disconnectable mobile computer, server, mainframe,
cluster, so-called "network computer" or "thin client," tablet,
smartphone, personal digital assistant or other hand-held computing
device, "smart" consumer electronics device or appliance, medical
device, or a combination thereof.
Suitable networks may include communications or networking
software, such as the software available from Novell.RTM.,
Microsoft.RTM., and other vendors, and may operate using TCP/IP,
SPX, IPX, and other protocols over twisted pair, coaxial, or
optical fiber cables; telephone lines; radio waves; satellites;
microwave relays; modulated AC power lines; physical media
transfer; and/or other data transmission "wires" known to those of
skill in the art. The network may encompass smaller networks and/or
be connectable to other networks through a gateway or similar
mechanism.
Various techniques, or certain aspects or portions thereof, may
take the form of program code (i.e., instructions) embodied in
tangible media, such as floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, hard drives,
magnetic or optical cards, solid-state memory devices, a
nontransitory computer-readable storage medium, or any other
machine-readable storage medium wherein, when the program code is
loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the
machine becomes an apparatus for practicing the various techniques.
In the case of program code execution on programmable computers,
the computing device may include a processor, a storage medium
readable by the processor (including volatile and nonvolatile
memory and/or storage elements), at least one input device, and at
least one output device. The volatile and nonvolatile memory and/or
storage elements may be a RAM, an EPROM, a flash drive, an optical
drive, a magnetic hard drive, or other medium for storing
electronic data. One or more programs that may implement or utilize
the various techniques described herein may use an application
programming interface (API), reusable controls, and the like. Such
programs may be implemented in a high-level procedural or an
object-oriented programming language to communicate with a computer
system. However, the program(s) may be implemented in assembly or
machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a
compiled or interpreted language, and combined with hardware
implementations.
Each computer system includes one or more processors and/or memory;
computer systems may also include various input devices and/or
output devices. The processor may include a general-purpose device,
such as an Intel.RTM., AMD.RTM., or other "off-the-shelf"
microprocessor. The processor may include a special-purpose
processing device, such as ASIC, SoC, SiP, FPGA, PAL, PLA, FPLA,
PLD, or other customized or programmable device. The memory may
include static RAM, dynamic RAM, flash memory, one or more
flip-flops, ROM, CD-ROM, DVD, disk, tape, or magnetic, optical, or
other computer storage medium. The input device(s) may include a
keyboard, mouse, touch screen, light pen, tablet, microphone,
sensor, or other hardware with accompanying firmware and/or
software. The output device(s) may include a monitor or other
display, printer, speech or text synthesizer, switch, signal line,
or other hardware with accompanying firmware and/or software.
It should be understood that many of the functional units described
in this specification may be implemented as one or more components,
which is a term used to more particularly emphasize their
implementation independence. For example, a component may be
implemented as a hardware circuit comprising custom very large
scale integration (VLSI) circuits or gate arrays, or off-the-shelf
semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete
components. A component may also be implemented in programmable
hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays,
programmable array logic, programmable logic devices, or the
like.
Components may also be implemented in software for execution by
various types of processors. An identified component of executable
code may, for instance, comprise one or more physical or logical
blocks of computer instructions, which may, for instance, be
organized as an object, a procedure, or a function. Nevertheless,
the executables of an identified component need not be physically
located together, but may comprise disparate instructions stored in
different locations that, when joined logically together, comprise
the component and achieve the stated purpose for the component.
Indeed, a component of executable code may be a single instruction,
or many instructions, and may even be distributed over several
different code segments, among different programs, and across
several memory devices. Similarly, operational data may be
identified and illustrated herein within components, and may be
embodied in any suitable form and organized within any suitable
type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a
single data set, or may be distributed over different locations
including over different storage devices, and may exist, at least
partially, merely as electronic signals on a system or network. The
components may be passive or active, including agents operable to
perform desired functions.
Several aspects of the embodiments described will be illustrated as
software modules or components. As used herein, a software module
or component may include any type of computer instruction or
computer-executable code located within a memory device. A software
module may, for instance, include one or more physical or logical
blocks of computer instructions, which may be organized as a
routine, program, object, component, data structure, etc., that
perform one or more tasks or implement particular data types. It is
appreciated that a software module may be implemented in hardware
and/or firmware instead of or in addition to software. One or more
of the functional modules described herein may be separated into
sub-modules and/or combined into a single or smaller number of
modules.
In certain embodiments, a particular software module may include
disparate instructions stored in different locations of a memory
device, different memory devices, or different computers, which
together implement the described functionality of the module.
Indeed, a module may include a single instruction or many
instructions, and may be distributed over several different code
segments, among different programs, and across several memory
devices. Some embodiments may be practiced in a distributed
computing environment where tasks are performed by a remote
processing device linked through a communications network. In a
distributed computing environment, software modules may be located
in local and/or remote memory storage devices. In addition, data
being tied or rendered together in a database record may be
resident in the same memory device, or across several memory
devices, and may be linked together in fields of a record in a
database across a network.
Reference throughout this specification to "an example" means that
a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in
connection with the example is included in at least one embodiment
of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "in an
example" in various places throughout this specification are not
necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements,
compositional elements, and/or materials may be presented in a
common list for convenience. However, these lists should be
construed as though each member of the list is individually
identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual
member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of
any other member of the same list solely based on its presentation
in a common group without indications to the contrary. In addition,
various embodiments and examples of the present invention may be
referred to herein along with alternatives for the various
components thereof. It is understood that such embodiments,
examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as de facto
equivalents of one another, but are to be considered as separate
and autonomous representations of the present invention.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics
may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
In the following description, numerous specific details are
provided, such as examples of materials, frequencies, sizes,
lengths, widths, shapes, etc., to provide a thorough understanding
of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art
will recognize, however, that the invention may be practiced
without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods,
components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known
structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in
detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.
Although the foregoing has been described in some detail for
purposes of clarity, it will be apparent that certain changes and
modifications may be made without departing from the principles
thereof. It should be noted that there are many alternative ways of
implementing both the processes and apparatuses described herein.
Accordingly, the present embodiments are to be considered
illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be
limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the
scope and equivalents of the appended claims.
Those having skill in the art will appreciate that many changes may
be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without
departing from the underlying principles of the invention. The
scope of the present invention should, therefore, be determined
only by the following claims.
* * * * *
References