U.S. patent number 10,131,457 [Application Number 14/534,214] was granted by the patent office on 2018-11-20 for flexible containers and methods of making the same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company. The grantee listed for this patent is The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Marc Richard Bourgeois, Benjamin Jacob Clare, Donald Joseph Cox, Tadayoshi Ishihara, Joseph Craig Lester, Scott Kendyl Stanley, Jun You.
United States Patent |
10,131,457 |
Bourgeois , et al. |
November 20, 2018 |
Flexible containers and methods of making the same
Abstract
A method of expanding a structural support volume of a flexible
container can include dispensing a cryogenic fluid into at least
one structural support volume and sealing the at least one
structural support volume such that it has a closed volume prior to
complete conversion of the cryogenic fluid into a gas and expansion
of the structural support volume to a pressurized state. The
flexible container includes a product volume and at least a portion
of the structural support volume extends into the product volume
when the structural support volume is expanded.
Inventors: |
Bourgeois; Marc Richard
(Liberty Township, OH), Clare; Benjamin Jacob (Cincinnati,
OH), Lester; Joseph Craig (Liberty Township, OH),
Ishihara; Tadayoshi (West Chester, OH), Stanley; Scott
Kendyl (Mason, OH), You; Jun (West Chester, OH), Cox;
Donald Joseph (Hamilton, OH) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
The Procter & Gamble Company |
Cincinnati |
OH |
US |
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Assignee: |
The Procter & Gamble
Company (Cincinnati, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
52003045 |
Appl.
No.: |
14/534,214 |
Filed: |
November 6, 2014 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20150121810 A1 |
May 7, 2015 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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61900810 |
Nov 6, 2013 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B
39/007 (20130101); B65D 75/008 (20130101); B65B
31/00 (20130101); B65D 75/525 (20130101); B65B
31/006 (20130101); B65B 9/2049 (20130101); B65B
3/02 (20130101); B65B 1/02 (20130101); B65D
75/5872 (20130101); B65B 5/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65B
1/02 (20060101); B65B 31/00 (20060101); B65D
75/00 (20060101); B65D 75/52 (20060101); B65D
75/58 (20060101); B65B 39/00 (20060101); B65B
9/20 (20120101); B65B 3/02 (20060101); B65B
5/02 (20060101) |
Field of
Search: |
;53/434 ;206/522
;383/3 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
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Other References
US. Appl. No. 29/526,409, filed May 8, 2015, McGuire et al. cited
by applicant .
U.S. Appl. No. 15/094,118, filed Apr. 8, 2016, Stanley et al. cited
by applicant .
U.S. Appl. No. 15/466,898, filed Mar. 27, 2017, Arent et al. cited
by applicant .
U.S. Appl. No. 15/466,901, filed Mar. 27, 2017, McGuire et al.
cited by applicant .
"The Rigidified Standing Pouch--A Concept for Flexible Packaging",
Phillip John Campbell, A Thesis Written in Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Industrial Design,
North Carolina State University School of Design Raleigh, 1993, pp.
1-35. cited by applicant .
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|
Primary Examiner: Truong; Thanh
Assistant Examiner: Fry; Patrick
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Weirich; David M Camp; Jason J
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of expanding a structural support volume of a flexible
container, the method comprising: providing a blank for a flexible
container, wherein said flexible container has a top and a bottom,
and said flexible container is configured to stand-up with a
portion of its bottom resting on a horizontal surface, said blank
comprising: a product volume; a plurality of expandable structural
support volumes including middle structural support volumes that
are configured to be in a substantially vertical orientation when
said flexible container is resting on a horizontal surface; an
expansion port in fluid communication with at least one structural
support volume; and a pair of opposed panels that will form a front
and a back of the flexible container, the opposed panels being
relatively flat surfaces that overlie the product volume and are
free of expandable structural support volumes; dispensing a
cryogenic fluid into the structural support volumes through the
expansion port using a nozzle, wherein the nozzle is articulated
through the expansion port and at least partially into the
structural support volume to dispense the cryogenic fluid, and
wherein the nozzle articulates through a guide having a size and a
shape that is complementary to that of at least a portion of the
expansion port and the guide engages at least a portion of the
expansion port during dispensing of the cryogenic fluid; and
sealing the structural support volumes such that they have a closed
volume before complete conversion of the cryogenic fluid to a
gaseous state and expansion of the structural support volumes to an
expanded state.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nozzle articulates from a
non-dispensing position outside of the structural support volume to
a dispensing position in which a dispensing end of the nozzle
extends at least about 1 mm and at most about 25 mm into the
interior of the structural support volume.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the guide has a frusto-conical
shape.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein when expanded the structural
support volume has a gauge pressure of about 1 psi to about 30
psi.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least partially
expanding at least one structural support volume before dispensing
the cryogenic fluid.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the structural support volume is
at least partially expanded prior to dispensing the cryogenic fluid
using a gas.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein opposed walls of at least one
structural support volume are separated using mechanical grippers
prior to dispensing the cryogenic fluid.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic fluid is selected
from the group consisting of liquid nitrogen, liquid carbon
dioxide, liquid helium, liquid argon, and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein upon expansion to the pressurized
state, at least one structural support volume extends into at least
a portion of the product volume and reduces an available product
receiving volume of the product volume by about 10% to about
50%.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the nozzle is heated to a
temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 170.degree. C.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the product volume is filled
with product before dispensing the cryogenic fluid.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein an external force is applied to
the product volume after filling to achieve a pre-determined
product fill height, the external force is maintained during
dispensing of the cryogenic fluid into at least one structural
support volume to maintain the pre-determined product fill height,
the method further comprising releasing the external force after
sealing the at least one structural support volume.
13. The method of claim 1, further comprising sealing the product
volume.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the product volume and the
structural support volume are sealed at substantially the same
time.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the product volume and the
structural support volume are sealed in a single unit
operation.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the blank is configured so that
said middle structural support volumes will be disposed
substantially laterally outboard from the product volume.
Description
FIELD
The present disclosure relates in general to containers, and in
particular, to containers made from flexible material and methods
of making such containers.
BACKGROUND
Fluent products include liquid products and/or pourable solid
products. In various embodiments, a container can be used to
receive, contain, and dispense one or more fluent products. And, in
various embodiments, a container can be used to receive, contain,
and/or dispense individual articles or separately packaged portions
of a product. A container can include one or more product volumes.
A product volume can be configured to be filled with one or more
fluent products. A container receives a fluent product when its
product volume is filled. Once filled to a desired volume, a
container can be configured to contain the fluent product in its
product volume, until the fluent product is dispensed. A container
contains a fluent product by providing a barrier around the fluent
product. The barrier prevents the fluent product from escaping the
product volume. The barrier can also protect the fluent product
from the environment outside of the container. A filled product
volume is typically closed off by a cap or a seal. A container can
be configured to dispense one or more fluent products contained in
its product volume(s). Once dispensed, an end user can consume,
apply, or otherwise use the fluent product(s), as appropriate. In
various embodiments, a container may be configured to be refilled
and reused or a container may be configured to be disposed of after
a single fill or even after a single use. A container should be
configured with sufficient structural integrity, such that it can
receive, contain, and dispense its fluent product(s), as intended,
without failure.
A container for fluent product(s) can be handled, displayed for
sale, and put into use. A container can be handled in many
different ways as it is made, filled, decorated, packaged, shipped,
and unpacked. A container can experience a wide range of external
forces and environmental conditions as it is handled by machines
and people, moved by equipment and vehicles, and contacted by other
containers and various packaging materials. A container for fluent
product(s) should be configured with sufficient structural
integrity, such that it can be handled in any of these ways, or in
any other way known in the art, as intended, without failure.
A container can also be displayed for sale in many different ways
as it is offered for purchase. A container can be offered for sale
as an individual article of commerce or packaged with one or more
other containers or products, which together form an article of
commerce. A container can be offered for sale as a primary package
with or without a secondary package. A container can be decorated
to display characters, graphics, branding, and/or other visual
elements when the container is displayed for sale. A container can
be configured to be displayed for sale while laying down or
standing up on a store shelf, while presented in a merchandising
display, while hanging on a display hanger, or while loaded into a
display rack or a vending machine. A container for fluent
product(s) should be configured with a structure that allows it to
be displayed in any of these ways, or in any other way known in the
art, as intended, without failure.
A container can also be put into use in many different ways, by its
end user. A container can be configured to be held and/or gripped
by an end user, so a container should be appropriately sized and
shaped for human hands; and for this purpose, a container can
include useful structural features such as a handle and/or a
gripping surface. A container can be stored while laying down or
standing up on a support surface, while hanging on or from a
projection such as a hook or a clip, or while supported by a
product holder, or (for refillable or rechargeable containers)
positioned in a refilling or recharging station. A container can be
configured to dispense fluent product(s) while in any of these
storage positions or while being held by the user. A container can
be configured to dispense fluent product(s) through the use of
gravity, and/or pressure, and/or a dispensing mechanism, such as a
pump, or a straw, or through the use of other kinds of dispensers
known in the art. Some containers can be configured to be filled
and/or refilled by a seller (e.g. a merchant or retailer) or by an
end user. A container for fluent product(s) should be configured
with a structure that allows it to be put to use in any of these
ways, or in any other way known in the art, as intended, without
failure. A container can also be configured to be disposed of by
the end user, as waste and/or recyclable material, in various
ways.
One conventional type of container for fluent products is a rigid
container made from solid material(s). Examples of conventional
rigid containers include molded plastic bottles, glass jars, metal
cans, cardboard boxes, etc. These conventional rigid containers are
well-known and generally useful; however their designs do present
several notable difficulties.
First, some conventional rigid containers for fluent products can
be expensive to make. Some rigid containers are made by a process
shaping one or more solid materials. Other rigid containers are
made with a phase change process, where container materials are
heated (to soften/melt), then shaped, then cooled (to
harden/solidify). Both kinds of making are energy intensive
processes, which can require complex equipment.
Second, some conventional rigid containers for fluent products can
require significant amounts of material. Rigid containers that are
designed to stand up on a support surface require solid walls that
are thick enough to support the containers when they are filled.
This can require significant amounts of material, which adds to the
cost of the containers and can contribute to difficulties with
their disposal.
Third, some conventional rigid containers for fluent products can
be difficult to decorate. The sizes, shapes, (e.g. curved surfaces)
and/or materials of some rigid containers, make it difficult to
print directly on their outside surfaces. Labeling requires
additional materials and processing, and limits the size and shape
of the decoration. Overwrapping provides larger decoration areas,
but also requires additional materials and processing, often at
significant expense.
Fourth, some conventional rigid containers for fluent products can
be prone to certain kinds of damage. If a rigid container is pushed
against a rough surface, then the container can become scuffed,
which may obscure printing on the container. If a rigid container
is pressed against a hard object, then the container can become
dented, which may look unsightly. And if a rigid container is
dropped, then the container can rupture, which may cause its fluent
product to be lost.
Fifth, some fluent products in conventional rigid containers can be
difficult to dispense. When an end user squeezes a rigid container
to dispense its fluent product, the end user must overcome the
resistance of the rigid sides, to deform the container. Some users
may lack the hand strength to easily overcome that resistance;
these users may dispense less than their desired amount of fluent
product. Other users may need to apply so much of their hand
strength, that they cannot easily control how much they deform the
container; these users may dispense more than their desired amount
of fluent product.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure describes various embodiments of containers
made from flexible material. Because these containers are made from
flexible material, these containers can be less expensive to make,
can use less material, and can be easier to decorate, when compared
with conventional rigid containers. First, these containers can be
less expensive to make, because the conversion of flexible
materials (from sheet form to finished goods) generally requires
less energy and complexity, than formation of rigid materials (from
bulk form to finished goods). Second, these containers can use less
material, because they are configured with novel support structures
that do not require the use of the thick solid walls used in
conventional rigid containers. Third, these flexible containers can
be easier to print and/or decorate, because they are made from
flexible materials, and flexible materials can be printed and/or
decorated as conformable webs, before they are formed into
containers. Fourth, these flexible containers can be less prone to
scuffing, denting, and rupture, because flexible materials allow
their outer surfaces to deform when contacting surfaces and
objects, and then to bounce back. Fifth, fluent products in these
flexible containers can be more readily and carefully dispensed,
because the sides of flexible containers can be more easily and
controllably squeezed by human hands. Even though the containers of
the present disclosure are made from flexible material, they can be
configured with sufficient structural integrity, such that they can
receive, contain, and dispense fluent product(s), as intended,
without failure. Also, these containers can be configured with
sufficient structural integrity, such that they can withstand
external forces and environmental conditions from handling, without
failure. Further, these containers can be configured with
structures that allow them to be displayed and put into use, as
intended, without failure.
In accordance with an embodiment, a method of filling a product
volume of a flexible container comprising the product volume and at
least one structural support volume that at least partially extends
into the product volume when expanded can include filling the
product volume with a product to a first fill height, wherein the
product volume has a first product receiving volume during filling.
The method can further include applying an external force to the
flexible container to reduce the volume of the product volume from
the first product receiving volume to a second product receiving
volume and optionally raise a fill height of the product to a
second fill height. The at least one structural support member is
in an unexpanded state during filling and application of the
external force.
In accordance with an embodiment, a method of expanding at least
one structural support volume of a flexible container can include
dispensing a cryogenic fluid into the at least one structural
support volume and sealing the at least one structural support
volume such that it has a closed volume before complete conversion
of the cryogenic fluid to a gaseous state and expansion of the
structural support volume to the expanded state.
In accordance with an embodiment, a nozzle assembly for dispensing
a cryogenic fluid can include a guide having an opening through
which a nozzle can be disposed. The nozzle can actuate through the
opening from a non-dispensing position in which a dispensing tip of
the nozzle is disposed within the guide and a dispensing position
in which the dispensing tip of the nozzle is extended from the
guide.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1A illustrates a front view of an embodiment of a stand up
flexible container.
FIG. 1B illustrates a side view of the stand up flexible container
of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1C illustrates a top view of the stand up flexible container
of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1D illustrates a bottom view of the stand up flexible
container of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 1A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 1F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 1A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 1G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 1A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 2A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
frustum.
FIG. 2B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 2C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 2D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
2A.
FIG. 2E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 2A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 2F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 1A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 2G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 2A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 3A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
pyramid.
FIG. 3B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 3C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 3D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
3A.
FIG. 3E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 3A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 3F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 3A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 3G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 3A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 4A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
trigonal prism.
FIG. 4B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 4C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 4D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
4A.
FIG. 4E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 4A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 4F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 4A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 4G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 4A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 5A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
tetragonal prism.
FIG. 5B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 5A.
FIG. 5C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 5A.
FIG. 5D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
5A.
FIG. 5E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 5A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 5F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 5A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 5G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 5A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 6A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
pentagonal prism.
FIG. 6B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 6C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 6A.
FIG. 6D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
6A.
FIG. 6E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 6A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 6F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 6A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 6G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 6A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 7A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
cone.
FIG. 7B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 7A.
FIG. 7C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 7A.
FIG. 7D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
7A.
FIG. 7E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 7A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 7F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 7A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 7G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 7A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 8A illustrates a top view of a stand up flexible container
having a structural support frame that has an overall shape like a
cylinder.
FIG. 8B illustrates a front view of the container of FIG. 8A.
FIG. 8C illustrates a side view of the container of FIG. 8A.
FIG. 8D illustrates an isometric view of the container of FIG.
8A.
FIG. 8E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 8A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 8F illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 8A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 8G illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the stand up flexible container of FIG. 8A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 9A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container, having an overall shape like a
square.
FIG. 9B illustrates an end view of the flexible container of FIG.
9A.
FIG. 9C illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 9A, including an
asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 9D illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 9A, including an
internal structural support frame.
FIG. 9E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative embodiment
of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 9A, including an
external structural support frame.
FIG. 10A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container, having an overall shape like a
triangle.
FIG. 10B illustrates an end view of the flexible container of FIG.
10A.
FIG. 10C illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 10A,
including an asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 10D illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 10A,
including an internal structural support frame.
FIG. 10E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 10A,
including an external structural support frame.
FIG. 11A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container, having an overall shape like a
circle.
FIG. 11B illustrates an end view of the flexible container of FIG.
11A.
FIG. 11C illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 11A,
including an asymmetric structural support frame.
FIG. 11D illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 11A,
including an internal structural support frame.
FIG. 11E illustrates a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container of FIG. 11A,
including an external structural support frame.
FIG. 12A illustrates an isometric view of push-pull type
dispenser.
FIG. 12B illustrates an isometric view of dispenser with a flip-top
cap.
FIG. 12C illustrates an isometric view of dispenser with a screw-on
cap.
FIG. 12D illustrates an isometric view of rotatable type
dispenser.
FIG. 12E illustrates an isometric view of nozzle type dispenser
with a cap.
FIG. 13A illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser.
FIG. 13B illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser with a
lid.
FIG. 13C illustrates an isometric view of flip up straw
dispenser.
FIG. 13D illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser with bite
valve.
FIG. 14A illustrates an isometric view of pump type dispenser.
FIG. 14B illustrates an isometric view of pump spray type
dispenser.
FIG. 14C illustrates an isometric view of trigger spray type
dispenser.
FIG. 15 is a process flow chart of a process of forming a flexible
container in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a production line layout for a
method of forming a flexible container in accordance with an
embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 17A is a process flow chart of a process of filling a product
volume and expanding a structural support volume of a flexible
container in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 17B is a process flow chart of a process of filling a product
volume and expanding a structural support volume of a flexible
container in accordance with another embodiment of the
disclosure.
FIG. 18A is a schematic illustration of a flexible container having
an unfilled product volume and an unexpanded structural support
volume in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 18B is a schematic illustration of the flexible container of
FIG. 18A having the product volume filled, but an unexpanded
structural support volume.
FIG. 18C is a schematic illustration of the flexible container of
FIG. 18B after application of an external force to the flexible
container to reduce the product receiving volume of the product
volume.
FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of a volume reducing apparatus
in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.
FIG. 20A is a schematic illustration of a nozzle assembly in
accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, the nozzle being
in a non-dispensing position.
FIG. 20B is a schematic illustration of the nozzle assembly of FIG.
20A with the nozzle in a dispensing position.
FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration of a nozzle assembly engaged
with an expansion portion, the nozzle being in a non-dispensing
position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present disclosure describes various embodiments of containers
made from flexible material. Because these containers are made from
flexible material, these containers can be less expensive to make,
can use less material, and can be easier to decorate, when compared
with conventional rigid containers. First, these containers can be
less expensive to make, because the conversion of flexible
materials (from sheet form to finished goods) generally requires
less energy and complexity, than formation of rigid materials (from
bulk form to finished goods). Second, these containers can use less
material, because they are configured with novel support structures
that do not require the use of the thick solid walls used in
conventional rigid containers. Third, these flexible containers can
be easier to decorate, because their flexible materials can be
easily printed before they are formed into containers. Fourth,
these flexible containers can be less prone to scuffing, denting,
and rupture, because flexible materials allow their outer surfaces
to deform when contacting surfaces and objects, and then to bounce
back. Fifth, fluent products in these flexible containers can be
more readily and carefully dispensed, because the sides of flexible
containers can be more easily and controllably squeezed by human
hands. Alternatively, any embodiment of flexible containers, as
described herein, can be configured to dispense fluent products by
pouring the fluent products out of its product volume.
Even though the containers of the present disclosure are made from
flexible material, they can be configured with sufficient
structural integrity, such that they can receive, contain, and
dispense fluent product(s), as intended, without failure. Also,
these containers can be configured with sufficient structural
integrity, such that they can withstand external forces and
environmental conditions from handling, without failure. Further,
these containers can be configured with structures that allow them
to be displayed for sale and put into use, as intended, without
failure.
As used herein, the term "about" modifies a particular value, by
referring to a range equal to the particular value, plus or minus
twenty percent (+/-20%). For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, any disclosure of a particular value,
can, in various alternate embodiments, also be understood as a
disclosure of a range equal to about that particular value (i.e.
+/-20%).
As used herein, the term "ambient conditions" refers to a
temperature within the range of 15-35 degrees Celsius and a
relative humidity within the range of 35-75%.
As used herein, the term "approximately" modifies a particular
value, by referring to a range equal to the particular value, plus
or minus fifteen percent (+/-15%). For any of the embodiments of
flexible containers, disclosed herein, any disclosure of a
particular value, can, in various alternate embodiments, also be
understood as a disclosure of a range equal to approximately that
particular value (i.e. +/-15%).
As used herein, when referring to a sheet of material, the term
"basis weight" refers to a measure of mass per area, in units of
grams per square meter (gsm). For any of the embodiments of
flexible containers, disclosed herein, in various embodiments, any
of the flexible materials can be configured to have a basis weight
of 10-1000 gsm, or any integer value for gsm from 10-1000, or
within any range formed by any of these values, such as 20-800 gsm,
30-600 gsm, 40-400 gsm, or 50-200, etc.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"bottom" refers to the portion of the container that is located in
the lowermost 30% of the overall height of the container, that is,
from 0-30% of the overall height of the container. As used herein,
the term bottom can be further limited by modifying the term bottom
with a particular percentage value, which is less than 30%. For any
of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, a
reference to the bottom of the container can, in various alternate
embodiments, refer to the bottom 25% (i.e. from 0-25% of the
overall height), the bottom 20% (i.e. from 0-20% of the overall
height), the bottom 15% (i.e. from 0-15% of the overall height),
the bottom 10% (i.e. from 0-10% of the overall height), or the
bottom 5% (i.e. from 0-5% of the overall height), or any integer
value for percentage between 0% and 30%.
As used herein, the term "branding" refers to a visual element
intended to distinguish a product from other products. Examples of
branding include one of more of any of the following: trademarks,
trade dress, logos, icons, and the like. For any of the embodiments
of flexible containers, disclosed herein, in various embodiments,
any surface of the flexible container can include one or more
brandings of any size, shape, or configuration, disclosed herein or
known in the art, in any combination.
As used herein, the term "character" refers to a visual element
intended to convey information. Examples of characters include one
or more of any of the following: letters, numbers, symbols, and the
like. For any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed
herein, in various embodiments, any surface of the flexible
container can include one or more characters of any size, shape, or
configuration, disclosed herein or known in the art, in any
combination.
As used herein, the term "closed" refers to a state of a product
volume, wherein fluent products within the product volume are
prevented from escaping the product volume (e.g. by one or more
materials that form a barrier, and by a cap), but the product
volume is not necessarily hermetically sealed. For example, a
closed container can include a vent, which allows a head space in
the container to be in fluid communication with air in the
environment outside of the container.
As used herein, the term "deflation feature" refers to one or more
structural features provided with a flexible container and
configured for use in deflating some or all of the expanded
structural support volume(s) of the flexible container, by allowing
expansion material(s) inside of the structural support volume to
escape into the environment, so that the structural support volume
is no longer expanded. A deflation feature can be used when the
flexible container is ready to be disposed of (i.e. as waste,
compost, and/or recyclable material). Any of the flexible
containers disclosed herein can be configured with any number of
any kind of deflation feature, configured in any way disclosed
herein or known in the art.
One kind of deflation feature is a cutting device, which is a rigid
element that includes a point or edge configured to cut and/or
pierce through flexible material(s) that form at least part of a
structural support volume. As an example, a cutting device can be
included with a flexible container by attaching the device to any
portion of the outside (e.g. top, middle, side, bottom, etc.) of
the container with adhesive, or under a label, or any other way
known in the art, for externally attaching rigid elements to a
container. As another example, a cutting device can be included
with a flexible container by including the device with other
packaging material, such as attached to an outer carton, inside of
an overwrap layer, in between containers provided together, etc. As
still another example, a cutting device can be included with a
flexible container by including the device inside of any portion of
the container, such as in a product volume, in a structural support
volume, in a mixing chamber, in a dedicated space for the device,
in a base structure, or any other way known in the art, for
internally including rigid elements within a container. As yet
another example, a cutting device can be included with a flexible
container, by making the cutting device integral with or detachable
from another rigid element that is part of the container, such as a
rigid base structure, cap, dispenser, fitment, connecting element,
reinforcing element, or any other rigid element for containers
disclosed herein or known in the art. A cutting device can be
configured to be any convenient size and any workable shape and can
be used manually or through use of a tool. In addition to rigid
elements, flexible materials that can be turned into a rigid
cutting device through rolling up or folding flexible materials are
also envisioned.
Another kind of deflation feature is an exit channel, which can be
configured to be opened in material(s) that border or define at
least a portion of the fillable space of a structural support
volume. An exit channel can be an existing connection (e.g. seam,
seal, or joint) in the container, which is configured to fail (e.g.
separate and at least partially open) when exposed to opening
forces. An exit channel can also be formed with one or more points,
lines, and/or areas of weakness (e.g. thinned, scored, perforated,
frangible seal, etc.), which are configured to fail or to otherwise
be breached, when exposed to opening forces. An exit channel can be
protected by another material, such as an adhesive label, to ensure
the exit channel remains closed until the user wishes to deflate.
An exit channel can further be formed by configuring the container
with one or more tear initiation sites (such as a notch in an edge,
a pull-tab, etc.) such that a tear propagating from the site(s) can
open the flexible material. An exit channel can be configured to be
any convenient size and any workable shape and can be opened
manually (by grasping and pulling, by poking with a finger or
fingernail, or any other way) or through use of a tool or by
overpressurizing a structural support volume (through application
of compressive force or controlled environmental conditions) such
that the structural support volume fails when its expansion
material(s) burst out.
Still another kind of deflation feature is a valve, connected to
the fillable space of a structural support volume, wherein the
valve can be opened to the container's environment. Embodiments of
the present disclosure can use as a deflation feature, any and all
embodiments of valves (including materials, structures, and/or
features for valves, as well as any and all methods of making
and/or using such valves), as disclosed in the following patent
documents: U.S. nonprovisional patent application Ser. No.
13/379,655 filed Jun. 21, 2010, entitled "Collapsible Bottle,
Method Of Manufacturing a Blank For Such Bottle and Beverage-Filled
Bottle Dispensing System" in the name of Reidl, published as
US2012/0097634; U.S. nonprovisional patent application Ser. No.
10/246,893 filed Sep. 19, 2002, entitled "Bubble-Seal Apparatus for
Easily Opening a Sealed Package" in the name of Perell, et al.,
published as 20040057638; and U.S. Pat. No. 7,585,528 filed Dec.
16, 2002, entitled "Package having an inflated frame" in the name
of Ferri, et al., granted on Sep. 8, 2009; each of which is hereby
incorporated by reference.
As used herein, the term "directly connected" refers to a
configuration wherein elements are attached to each other without
any intermediate elements therebetween, except for any means of
attachment (e.g. adhesive).
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"dispenser" refers to a structure configured to dispense fluent
product(s) from a product volume and/or from a mixing volume to the
environment outside of the container. For any of the flexible
containers disclosed herein, any dispenser can be configured in any
way disclosed herein or known in the art, including any suitable
size, shape, and flow rate. For example, a dispenser can be a
push-pull type dispenser, a dispenser with a flip-top cap, a
dispenser with a screw-on cap, a rotatable type dispenser,
dispenser with a cap, a pump type dispenser, a pump spray type
dispenser, a trigger spray type dispenser, a straw dispenser, a
flip up straw dispenser, a straw dispenser with bite valve, a
dosing dispenser, etc. A dispenser can be a parallel dispenser,
providing multiple flow channels in fluid communication with
multiple product volumes, wherein those flow channels remain
separate until the point of dispensing, thus allowing fluent
products from multiple product volumes to be dispensed as separate
fluent products, dispensed together at the same time. A dispenser
can be a mixing dispenser, providing one or more flow channels in
fluid communication with multiple product volumes, with multiple
flow channels combined before the point of dispensing, thus
allowing fluent products from multiple product volumes to be
dispensed as the fluent products mixed together. As another
example, a dispenser can be formed by a frangible opening. As
further examples, a dispenser can utilize one or more valves and/or
dispensing mechanisms disclosed in the art, such as those disclosed
in: published US patent application 2003/0096068, entitled "One-way
valve for inflatable package"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,988,016 entitled
"Self-sealing container"; and U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,717, entitled
"Package having a fluid actuated closure"; each of which is hereby
incorporated by reference. Still further, any of the dispensers
disclosed herein, may be incorporated into a flexible container
either directly, or in combination with one or more other materials
or structures (such as a fitment), or in any way known in the art.
In some alternate embodiments, dispensers disclosed herein can be
configured for both dispensing and filling, to allow filling of
product volume(s) through one or more dispensers. In other
alternate embodiments, a product volume can include one or more
filling structure(s) (e.g. for adding water to a mixing volume) in
addition to or instead of one or more dispenser(s). Any location
for a dispenser, disclosed herein can alternatively be used as a
location for a filling structure. In some embodiments, a product
volume can include one or more filling structures in addition to
any dispenser(s). And, any location for a dispenser, disclosed
herein can alternatively be used as a location for an opening,
through which product can be filled and/or dispensed, wherein the
opening may be reclosable or non-reclosable, and can be configured
in any way known in the art of packaging. For example, an opening
can be: a line of weakness, which can be torn open; a zipper seal,
which can be pulled open and pressed closed (e.g. a press seal), or
opened and closed with a slider; openings with adhesive-based
closures; openings with cohesive-based closures; openings with
closures having fasteners (e.g. snaps, tin tie, etc.), openings
with closures having micro-sized fasteners (e.g. with opposing
arrays of interlocking fastening elements, such as hook, loops,
and/or other mating elements, etc.), and any other kind of opening
for packages or containers, with or without a closure, known in the
art.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"disposable" refers to a container which, after dispensing a
product to an end user, is not configured to be refilled with an
additional amount of the product, but is configured to be disposed
of (i.e. as waste, compost, and/or recyclable material). Part,
parts, or all of any of the embodiments of flexible containers,
disclosed herein, can be configured to be disposable.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"durable" refers to a container that is reusable more than
non-durable containers.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"effective base contact area" refers to a particular area defined
by a portion of the bottom of the container, when the container
(with all of its product volume(s) filled 100% with water) is
standing upright and its bottom is resting on a horizontal support
surface. The effective base contact area lies in a plane defined by
the horizontal support surface. The effective base contact area is
a continuous area bounded on all sides by an outer periphery.
The outer periphery is formed from an actual contact area and from
a series of projected areas from defined cross-sections taken at
the bottom of the container. The actual contact area is the one or
more portions of the bottom of the container that contact the
horizontal support surface, when the effective base contact area is
defined. The effective base contact area includes all of the actual
contact area. However, in some embodiments, the effective base
contact area may extend beyond the actual contact area.
The series of projected area are formed from five horizontal
cross-sections, taken at the bottom of the flexible container.
These cross-sections are taken at 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of the
overall height. The outer extent of each of these cross-sections is
projected vertically downward onto the horizontal support surface
to form five (overlapping) projected areas, which, together with
the actual contact area, form a single combined area. This is not a
summing up of the values for these areas, but is the formation of a
single combined area that includes all of these (projected and
actual) areas, overlapping each other, wherein any overlapping
portion makes only one contribution to the single combined
area.
The outer periphery of the effective base contact area is formed as
described below. In the following description, the terms convex,
protruding, concave, and recessed are understood from the
perspective of points outside of the combined area. The outer
periphery is formed by a combination of the outer extent of the
combined area and any chords, which are straight line segments
constructed as described below.
For each continuous portion of the combined area that has an outer
perimeter with a shape that is concave or recessed, a chord is
constructed across that portion. This chord is the shortest
straight line segment that can be drawn tangent to the combined
area on both sides of the concave/recessed portion.
For a combined area that is discontinuous (formed by two or more
separate portions), one or more chords are constructed around the
outer perimeter of the combined area, across the one or more
discontinuities (open spaces disposed between the portions). These
chords are straight lines segments drawn tangent to the outermost
separate portions of the combined area. These chords are drawn to
create the largest possible effective base contact area.
Thus, the outer periphery is formed by a combination of the outer
extent of the combined area and any chords, constructed as
described above, which all together enclose the effective base
area. Any chords that are bounded by the combined area and/or one
or more other chords, are not part of the outer periphery and
should be ignored.
Any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein,
can be configured to have an effective base contact area from 1 to
50,000 square centimeters (cm.sup.2), or any integer value for
cm.sup.2 between 1 and 50,000 cm.sup.2, or within any range formed
by any of the preceding values, such as: from 2 to 25,000 cm.sup.2,
3 to 10,000 cm.sup.2, 4 to 5,000 cm.sup.2, 5 to 2,500 cm.sup.2,
from 10 to 1,000 cm.sup.2, from 20 to 500 cm.sup.2, from 30 to 300
cm.sup.2, from 40 to 200 cm.sup.2, or from 50 to 100 cm.sup.2,
etc.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"expanded" refers to the state of one or more flexible materials
that are configured to be formed into a structural support volume,
after the structural support volume is made rigid by one or more
expansion materials. An expanded structural support volume has an
overall width that is significantly greater than the combined
thickness of its one or more flexible materials, before the
structural support volume is filled with the one or more expansion
materials. Examples of expansion materials include liquids (e.g.
water), gases (e.g. compressed air), fluent products, foams (that
can expand after being added into a structural support volume),
co-reactive materials (that produce gas), or phase change materials
(that can be added in solid or liquid form, but which turn into a
gas; for example, liquid nitrogen or dry ice), or other suitable
materials known in the art, or combinations of any of these (e.g.
fluent product and liquid nitrogen). In various embodiments,
expansion materials can be added at atmospheric pressure, or added
under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, or added to
provide a material change that will increase pressure to something
above atmospheric pressure. For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, its one or more flexible materials
can be expanded at various points in time, with respect to its
manufacture, sale, and use, including, for example: before or after
its product volume(s) are filled with fluent product(s), before or
after the flexible container is shipped to a seller, and before or
after the flexible container is purchased by an end user.
As used herein the term "fill height" refers to a height of the
product in the product volume as measured from a lower end of the
product volume in the filling arrangement to a top line of the
product. For example, the product volume can be filled from the
bottom of the container, such that the lower end of the product
volume in the filling arrangement is the top wall of the product
volume when the flexible container is standing upright. The product
volume can be filled from the top of the container, such that the
lower end of the product volume is the bottom wall of the product
volume when the flexible container is standing upright.
As used herein, when referring to a product volume of a flexible
container, the term "filling" refers to the introduction of a
product into the product volume, and the terms "fill" or "filled"
refers to a condition of the product volume wherein product has
been introduced thereto. The product volume need not be fully
occupied by product in order for the product volume to be
considered "filled", as there may, for example, be head space
within the product volume in addition to product. As used herein,
the term filled can be modified by using the term filled with a
particular percentage value, wherein 100% filled represents the
maximum capacity of the product volume. Alternately, the term
"filled" can be modified by using the term filled with a
qualitative or less-precise quantitative term that indicates an
approximate degree of fill of the product volume, such as partially
filled, fractionally filled, or mostly filled.
As used herein, the term "flat" refers to a surface that is without
significant projections or depressions.
As used herein, the term "flexible container" refers to a container
configured to have a product volume, wherein one or more flexible
materials form 50-100% of the overall surface area of the one or
more materials that define the three-dimensional space of the
product volume. For any of the embodiments of flexible containers,
disclosed herein, in various embodiments, the flexible container
can be configured to have a product volume, wherein one or more
flexible materials form a particular percentage of the overall area
of the one or more materials that define the three-dimensional
space, and the particular percentage is any integer value for
percentage between 50% and 100%, or within any range formed by any
of these values, such as: 60-100%, or 70-100%, or 80-100%, or
90-100%, etc. One kind of flexible container is a film-based
container, which is a flexible container made from one or more
flexible materials, which include a film.
For any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed
herein, in various embodiments, the middle of the flexible
container (apart from any fluent product) can be configured to have
an overall middle mass, wherein one or more flexible materials form
a particular percentage of the overall middle mass, and the
particular percentage is any integer value for percentage between
50% and 100%, or within any range formed by any of the preceding
values, such as: 60-100%, or 70-100%, or 80-100%, or 90-100%,
etc.
For any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed
herein, in various embodiments, the entire flexible container
(apart from any fluent product) can be configured to have an
overall mass, wherein one or more flexible materials form a
particular percentage of the overall mass, and the particular
percentage is any integer value for percentage between 50% and
100%, or within any range formed by any of the preceding values,
such as: 60-100%, or 70-100%, or 80-100%, or 90-100%, etc.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"flexible material" refers to a thin, easily deformable, sheet-like
material, having a flexibility factor within the range of
1,000-2,500,000 N/m. For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, in various embodiments, any of the
flexible materials can be configured to have a flexibility factor
of 1,000-2,500,000 N/m, or any integer value for flexibility factor
from 1,000-2,500,000 N/m, or within any range formed by any of
these values, such as 1,000-1,500,000 N/m, 1,500-1,000,000 N/m,
2,500-800,000 N/m, 5,000-700,000 N/m, 10,000-600,000 N/m,
15,000-500,000 N/m, 20,000-400,000 N/m, 25,000-300,000 N/m,
30,000-200,000 N/m, 35,000-100,000 N/m, 40,000-90,000 N/m, or
45,000-85,000 N/m, etc. Throughout the present disclosure the terms
"flexible material", "flexible sheet", "sheet", and "sheet-like
material" are used interchangeably and are intended to have the
same meaning. Examples of materials that can be flexible materials
include one or more of any of the following: films (such as plastic
films), elastomers, foamed sheets, foils, fabrics (including wovens
and nonwovens), biosourced materials, and papers, in any
configuration, as separate material(s), or as layer(s) of a
laminate, or as part(s) of a composite material, in a microlayered
or nanolayered structure, and in any combination, as described
herein or as known in the art.
As examples, flexible materials such as films and nonwovens, can be
made from one or more thermoplastic polymers, as described herein
and/or as known in the art. Thermoplastic polymers can include
polyolefins such as polyethylene and/or copolymers thereof,
including low density, high density, linear low density, or ultra
low density polyethylenes. Polypropylene and/or polypropylene
copolymers, including atactic polypropylene; isotactic
polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, and/or combinations
thereof can also be used. Polybutylene is also a useful
polyolefin.
Other suitable polymers include polyamides or copolymers thereof,
such as Nylon 6, Nylon 11, Nylon 12, Nylon 46, Nylon 66; polyesters
and/or copolymers thereof, such as maleic anhydride polypropylene
copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate; olefin carboxylic acid
copolymers such as ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene/maleic
acid copolymer, ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene/vinyl
acetate copolymers or combinations thereof; polyacrylates,
polymethacrylates, and/or their copolymers such as poly(methyl
methacrylates).
Other nonlimiting examples of polymers include polyesters,
polycarbonates, polyvinyl acetates, poly(oxymethylene), styrene
copolymers, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, poly(methyl
methacrylates), polystyrene/methyl methacrylate copolymers,
polyetherimides, polysulfones, and/or combinations thereof. In some
embodiments, thermoplastic polymers can include polypropylene,
polyethylene, polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene acrylic acid,
polyolefin carboxylic acid copolymers, polyesters, and/or
combinations thereof.
Biodegradable thermoplastic polymers also are contemplated for use
herein. Biodegradable materials are susceptible to being
assimilated by microorganisms, such as molds, fungi, and bacteria
when the biodegradable material is buried in the ground or
otherwise contacts the microorganisms Suitable biodegradable
polymers also include those biodegradable materials which are
environmentally-degradable using aerobic or anaerobic digestion
procedures, or by virtue of being exposed to environmental elements
such as sunlight, rain, moisture, wind, temperature, and the like.
The biodegradable thermoplastic polymers can be used individually
or as a combination of biodegradable or non-biodegradable polymers.
Biodegradable polymers include polyesters containing aliphatic
components. Among the polyesters are ester polycondensates
containing aliphatic constituents and poly(hydroxycarboxylic) acid.
The ester polycondensates include diacids/diol aliphatic polyesters
such as polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate co-adipate,
aliphatic/aromatic polyesters such as terpolymers made of butylenes
diol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid. The
poly(hydroxycarboxylic) acids include lactic acid based
homopolymers and copolymers, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), or other
polyhydroxyalkanoate homopolymers and copolymers. Such
polyhydroxyalkanoates include copolymers of PHB with higher chain
length monomers, such as C6-C12, and higher, polyhydroxyalkanaotes,
such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. RE 36,548 and 5,990,271,
polyglycolic acid, and polycaprolactone.
Non-limiting examples of suitable commercially available polymers
include Basell Profax PH-835 (a 35 melt flow rate Ziegler-Natta
isotactic polypropylene from Lyondell-Basell), Basell Metocene
MF-650W (a 500 melt flow rate metallocene isotactic polypropylene
from Lyondell-Basell), Polybond 3200 (a 250 melt flow rate maleic
anhydride polypropylene copolymer from Crompton), Exxon Achieve
3854 (a 25 melt flow rate metallocene isotactic polypropylene from
Exxon-Mobil Chemical), Mosten NB425 (a 25 melt flow rate
Ziegler-Natta isotactic polypropylene from Unipetrol), Danimer
27510 (a polyhydroxyalkanoate polypropylene from Danimer Scientific
LLC), Dow Aspun 6811A (a 27 melt index polyethylene polypropylene
copolymer from Dow Chemical), and Eastman 9921 (a polyester
terephthalic homopolymer with a nominally 0.81 intrinsic viscosity
from Eastman Chemical), any biosourced materials for example, from
Braskem, and acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate polymers, such as
Barex.
A thermoplastic polymer component of a flexible material can be a
single polymer species as described above or a blend of two or more
thermoplastic polymers as described above.
Also as examples, flexible materials can further include one or
more additives, as described herein and/or as known in the art.
Non-limiting examples of classes of such additives include
perfumes, dyes, pigments, nanoparticles, antistatic agents,
fillers, photoactives, and other classes of additives known in the
art, and combinations. The films disclosed herein can contain a
single additive or a mixture of any number of additives.
Contemplated fillers include, but are not limited to inorganic
fillers such as, for example, the oxides of magnesium, aluminum,
silicon, and titanium. These materials can be added as inexpensive
fillers or processing aides. Other inorganic materials that can
function as fillers include hydrous magnesium silicate, titanium
dioxide, calcium carbonate, clay, chalk, boron nitride, limestone,
diatomaceous earth, mica glass quartz, and ceramics. Additionally,
inorganic salts, including alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal
salts, phosphate salts, can be used. Additionally, alkyd resins can
also be added as fillers. Alkyd resins can comprise a polyol, a
polyacid or anhydride, and/or a fatty acid.
Additional contemplated additives include nucleating and clarifying
agents for the thermoplastic polymer. Specific examples, suitable
for polypropylene, for example, are benzoic acid and derivatives
(e.g. sodium benzoate and lithium benzoate), as well as kaolin,
talc and zinc glycerolate. Dibenzlidene sorbitol (DBS) is an
example of a clarifying agent that can be used. Other nucleating
agents that can be used are organocarboxylic acid salts, sodium
phosphate and metal salts (for example aluminum dibenzoate).
Contemplated nanoparticles include metals, metal oxides, allotropes
of carbon, clays, organically modified clays, sulfates, nitrides,
hydroxides, oxy/hydroxides, particulate water-insoluble polymers,
silicates, phosphates, and carbonates. Examples include silicon
dioxide, carbon black, graphite, graphene, fullerenes, expanded
graphite, carbon nanotubes, talc, calcium carbonate, bentonite,
montmorillonite, kaolin, zinc glycerolate, silica,
aluminosilicates, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, barium sulfate,
calcium sulfate, antimony oxide, feldspar, mica, nickel, copper,
iron, cobalt, steel, gold, silver, platinum, aluminum,
wollastonite, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide,
cerium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, tin oxide, iron oxides
(Fe2O3, Fe3O4) and mixtures thereof.
Thermoplastic polymers, and their variations, as disclosed herein
can be formed into a film and can comprise many different
configurations, depending on the film properties desired. The
properties of the film can be manipulated by varying, for example,
the thickness, or in the case of multilayered films, the number of
layers, the chemistry of the layers, i.e., hydrophobic or
hydrophilic, and the types of polymers used to form the polymeric
layers. The films disclosed herein can be multi-layer films. The
film can have at least two layers (e.g., a first film layer and a
second film layer). The first film layer and the second film layer
can be layered adjacent to each other to form the multi-layer film.
A multi-layer film can have at least three layers (e.g., a first
film layer, a second film layer and a third film layer). The second
film layer can at least partially overlie at least one of an upper
surface or a lower surface of the first film layer. The third film
layer can at least partially overlie the second film layer such
that the second film layer forms a core layer. It is contemplated
that multi-layer films can include additional layers (e.g., binding
layers, non-permeable layers, etc.). It will be appreciated that
multi-layer films can comprise from about 2 layers to about 1000
layers; in certain embodiments from about 3 layers to about 200
layers; and in certain embodiments from about 5 layers to about 100
layers, or any integer value for number of layers, in any of these
ranges. For multi-layer films, each respective layer can be made
from any material disclosed herein or known in the art, in any
manner disclosed herein or known in the art.
A multi-layer film can include a 3-layer arrangement wherein a
first film layer and a third film layer form the skin layers and a
second film layer is formed between the first film layer and the
third film layer to form a core layer. The third film layer can be
the same or different from the first film layer, such that the
third film layer can comprise a composition as described herein. It
will be appreciated that similar film layers could be used to form
multi-layer films having more than 3 layers. One embodiment for
using multi-layer films is to control the location of the oil. For
example, in a 3 layer film, the core layer may contain the oil
while the outer layer do not. Alternatively, the inner layer may
not contain oil and the outer layers do contain oil.
If incompatible layers are to be adjacent in a multi-layer film, a
tie layer can be positioned between them. The purpose of the tie
layer is to provide a transition and adequate adhesion between
incompatible materials. An adhesive or tie layer is typically used
between layers of layers that exhibit delamination when stretched,
distorted, or deformed. The delamination can be either microscopic
separation or macroscopic separation. In either event, the
performance of the film may be compromised by this delamination.
Consequently, a tie layer that exhibits adequate adhesion between
the layers is used to limit or eliminate this delamination.
A tie layer is generally useful between incompatible materials. For
instance, when a polyolefin and a copoly(ester-ether) are the
adjacent layers, a tie layer is generally useful.
The tie layer is chosen according to the nature of the adjacent
materials, and is compatible with and/or identical to one material
(e.g. nonpolar and hydrophobic layer) and a reactive group which is
compatible or interacts with the second material (e.g. polar and
hydrophilic layer).
Suitable backbones for the tie layer include polyethylene (low
density--LDPE, linear low density--LLDPE, high density--HDPE, and
very low density--VLDPE) and polypropylene.
The reactive group may be a grafting monomer that is grafted to
this backbone, and is or contains at least one alpha- or
beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydrides, or a
derivative thereof. Examples of such carboxylic acids and
anhydrides, which may be mono-, di-, or polycarboxylic acids, are
acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic
acid, crotonic acid, itaconic anhydride, maleic anhydride, and
substituted malic anhydride, e.g. dimethyl maleic anhydride.
Examples of derivatives of the unsaturated acids are salts, amides,
imides and esters e.g. mono- and disodium maleate, acrylamide,
maleimide, and diethyl fumarate.
A particularly tie layer is a low molecular weight polymer of
ethylene with about 0.1 to about 30 weight percent of one or more
unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized with ethylene,
e.g., maleic acid, fumaric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid,
vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, butadiene, carbon
monoxide, etc. Exemplary embodiments are acrylic esters, maleic
anhydride, vinyl acetate, and methyacrylic acid. Anhydrides can be
used as grafting monomers, for example maleic anhydride can be
used.
An exemplary class of materials suitable for use as a tie layer is
a class of materials known as anhydride modified ethylene vinyl
acetate sold by DuPont under the tradename Bynel.RTM., e.g.,
Bynel.RTM. 3860. Another material suitable for use as a tie layer
is an anhydride modified ethylene methyl acrylate also sold by
DuPont under the tradename Bynel.RTM., e.g., Bynel.RTM. 2169.
Maleic anhydride graft polyolefin polymers suitable for use as tie
layers are also available from Elf Atochem North America,
Functional Polymers Division, of Philadelphia, Pa. as
Orevac.TM..
Alternatively, a polymer suitable for use as a tie layer material
can be incorporated into the composition of one or more of the
layers of the films as disclosed herein. By such incorporation, the
properties of the various layers are modified so as to improve
their compatibility and reduce the risk of delamination.
Other intermediate layers besides tie layers can be used in the
multi-layer film disclosed herein. For example, a layer of a
polyolefin composition can be used between two outer layers of a
hydrophilic resin to provide additional mechanical strength to the
extruded web. Any number of intermediate layers may be used.
Examples of suitable thermoplastic materials for use in forming
intermediate layers include polyethylene resins such as low density
polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE),
ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA),
polypropylene, and poly(vinyl chloride). Polymeric layers of this
type can have mechanical properties that are substantially
equivalent to those described above for the hydrophobic layer.
In addition to being formed from the compositions described herein,
the films can further include additional additives. For example,
opacifying agents can be added to one or more of the film layers.
Such opacifying agents can include iron oxides, carbon black,
aluminum, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, talc and combinations
thereof. These opacifying agents can comprise about 0.1% to about
5% by weight of the film; and in certain embodiments, the
opacifying agents can comprise about 0.3% to about 3% of the film.
It will be appreciated that other suitable opacifying agents can be
employed and in various concentrations. Examples of opacifying
agents are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,653,523.
Furthermore, the films can comprise other additives, such as other
polymers materials (e.g., a polypropylene, a polyethylene, a
ethylene vinyl acetate, a polymethylpentene any combination
thereof, or the like), a filler (e.g., glass, talc, calcium
carbonate, or the like), a mold release agent, a flame retardant,
an electrically conductive agent, an anti-static agent, a pigment,
an antioxidant, an impact modifier, a stabilizer (e.g., a UV
absorber), wetting agents, dyes, a film anti-static agent or any
combination thereof. Film antistatic agents include cationic,
anionic, and/or, nonionic agents. Cationic agents include ammonium,
phosphonium and sulphonium cations, with alkyl group substitutions
and an associated anion such as chloride, methosulphate, or
nitrate. Anionic agents contemplated include alkylsulphonates.
Nonionic agents include polyethylene glycols, organic stearates,
organic amides, glycerol monostearate (GMS), alkyl
di-ethanolamides, and ethoxylated amines. Other filler materials
can comprise fibers, structural reinforcing agents, and all types
of biosourced materials such as oils (hydrogenated soy bean oil),
fats, starch, etc.
For any of the flexible materials, materials that are safe/approved
for food contact may be selected. Additionally, materials that are
approved for medical usage, or materials that can be sterilized
through retort, autoclave, or radiation treatment, or other
sterilization processes known in the art, may be used.
In various embodiments, part, parts, or all of a flexible material
can be coated or uncoated, treated or untreated, processed or
unprocessed, in any manner known in the art. In various
embodiments, parts, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or
substantially all, or nearly all, or all of a flexible material can
made of sustainable, bio-sourced, recycled, recyclable, and/or
biodegradable material. Part, parts, or about all, or approximately
all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the
flexible materials described herein can be partially or completely
translucent, partially or completely transparent, or partially or
completely opaque.
With regard to films and elastomers for use as flexible materials,
these can be formed in any manner known in the art, such as
casting, extruding (blown or flat; singly or with coextrusion),
calendering, depositing solution(s), skiving, etc. then slitting,
cutting, and/or converting the films and/or elastomers into the
desired sizes or shapes, as sheets or webs, as will be understood
by one skilled in the art. With regard to blown films, multiple
processes can be used including: collapsed bubble to create a
blocked film, and double and or triple bubble processes. Flexible
materials may further be subjected to any number or orienting,
tenter frame, tenter hook, stretching, or activation processes.
With regard to foamed sheets for use as flexible materials, these
can be formed in any manner known in the art, by mixing base
ingredients, adding the foaming mixture to a mold or shaping
apparatus, then curing, cutting, and/or converting the foam into
the desired sizes or shapes, as sheets or webs. With regard to
nonwoven fabrics, these can be formed in any manner known in the
art using spunbonded fibers and/or meltblown fibers, staple-length
and/or continuous fibers, with any layering, mixing, or other
combination known in the art. Other materials listed herein for use
as flexible materials can be made in any manner known in the
art.
The flexible materials used to make the containers disclosed herein
can be formed in any manner known in the art, and can be joined
together using any kind of joining or sealing method known in the
art, including, for example, heat sealing (e.g. conductive sealing,
impulse sealing, ultrasonic sealing, etc.), welding, crimping,
bonding, adhering, and the like, and combinations of any of
these.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"flexibility factor" refers to a material parameter for a thin,
easily deformable, sheet-like material, wherein the parameter is
measured in Newtons per meter, and the flexibility factor is equal
to the product of the value for the Young's modulus of the material
(measured in Pascals) and the value for the overall thickness of
the material (measured in meters).
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"fluent product" refers to one or more liquids and/or pourable
solids, and combinations thereof. Examples of fluent products
include one or more of any of the following: bites, bits, creams,
chips, chunks, crumbs, crystals, emulsions, flakes, gels, grains,
granules, jellies, kibbles, liquid solutions, liquid suspensions,
lotions, nuggets, ointments, particles, particulates, pastes,
pieces, pills, powders, salves, shreds, sprinkles, and the like,
either individually or in any combination. Throughout the present
disclosure the terms "fluent product" and "flowable product" are
used interchangeably and are intended to have the same meaning. Any
of the product volumes disclosed herein can be configured to
include one or more of any fluent product disclosed herein, or
known in the art, in any combination.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"formed" refers to the state of one or more materials that are
configured to be formed into a product volume, after the product
volume is provided with its defined three-dimensional space.
As used herein, the term "graphic" refers to a visual element
intended to provide a decoration or to communicate information.
Examples of graphics include one or more of any of the following:
colors, patterns, designs, images, and the like. For any of the
embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, in various
embodiments, any surface of the flexible container can include one
or more graphics of any size, shape, or configuration, disclosed
herein or known in the art, in any combination.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"height area ratio" refers to a ratio for the container, with units
of per centimeter (cm.sup.-1), which is equal to the value for the
overall height of the container (with all of its product volume(s)
filled 100% with water, and with overall height measured in
centimeters) divided by the value for the effective base contact
area of the container (with all of its product volume(s) filled
100% with water, and with effective base contact area measured in
square centimeters). For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, in various embodiments, any of the
flexible containers, can be configured to have a height area ratio
from 0.3 to 3.0 per centimeter, or any value in increments of 0.05
cm.sup.-1 between 0.3 and 3.0 per centimeter, or within any range
formed by any of the preceding values, such as: from 0.35 to 2.0
cm.sup.-1, from 0.4 to 1.5 cm.sup.-1, from 0.4 to 1.2 cm.sup.-1, or
from 0.45 to 0.9 cm.sup.-1, etc.
As used herein, the term "indicia" refers to one or more of
characters, graphics, branding, or other visual elements, in any
combination. For any of the embodiments of flexible containers,
disclosed herein, in various embodiments, any surface of the
flexible container can include one or more indicia of any size,
shape, or configuration, disclosed herein or known in the art, in
any combination.
As used herein, the term "indirectly connected" refers to a
configuration wherein elements are attached to each other with one
or more intermediate elements therebetween.
As used herein, the term "joined" refers to a configuration wherein
elements are either directly connected or indirectly connected.
As used herein, the term "lateral" refers to a direction,
orientation, or measurement that is parallel to a lateral
centerline of a container, when the container is standing upright
on a horizontal support surface, as described herein. A lateral
orientation may also be referred to a "horizontal" orientation, and
a lateral measurement may also be referred to as a "width."
As used herein, the term "like-numbered" refers to similar
alphanumeric labels for corresponding elements, as described below.
Like-numbered elements have labels with the same last two digits;
for example, one element with a label ending in the digits 20 and
another element with a label ending in the digits 20 are
like-numbered. Like-numbered elements can have labels with a
differing first digit, wherein that first digit matches the number
for its figure; as an example, an element of FIG. 3 labeled 320 and
an element of FIG. 4 labeled 420 are like-numbered. Like-numbered
elements can have labels with a suffix (i.e. the portion of the
label following the dash symbol) that is the same or possibly
different (e.g. corresponding with a particular embodiment); for
example, a first embodiment of an element in FIG. 3A labeled 320-a
and a second embodiment of an element in FIG. 3B labeled 320-b, are
like numbered.
As used herein, the term "longitudinal" refers to a direction,
orientation, or measurement that is parallel to a longitudinal
centerline of a container, when the container is standing upright
on a horizontal support surface, as described herein. A
longitudinal orientation may also be referred to a "vertical"
orientation. When expressed in relation to a horizontal support
surface for a container, a longitudinal measurement may also be
referred to as a "height", measured above the horizontal support
surface.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"middle" refers to the portion of the container that is located in
between the top of the container and the bottom of the container.
As used herein, the term middle can be modified by describing the
term middle with reference to a particular percentage value for the
top and/or a particular percentage value for the bottom. For any of
the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, a
reference to the middle of the container can, in various alternate
embodiments, refer to the portion of the container that is located
between any particular percentage value for the top, disclosed
herein, and/or any particular percentage value for the bottom,
disclosed herein, in any combination.
As used herein, the term "mixing volume" refers to a type product
volume that is configured to receive one or more fluent product(s)
from one or more product volumes and/or from the environment
outside of the container.
As used herein, when referring to a product volume, the term
"multiple dose" refers to a product volume that is sized to contain
a particular amount of product that is about equal to two or more
units of typical consumption, application, or use by an end user.
Any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein,
can be configured to have one or more multiple dose product
volumes. A container with only one product volume, which is a
multiple dose product volume, is referred to herein as a "multiple
dose container."
As used herein, the term "nearly" modifies a particular value, by
referring to a range equal to the particular value, plus or minus
five percent (+/-5%). For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, any disclosure of a particular value,
can, in various alternate embodiments, also be understood as a
disclosure of a range equal to approximately that particular value
(i.e. +/-5%).
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"non-durable" refers to a container that is temporarily reusable,
or disposable, or single use.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"non-fluent product" refers to materials, products, and/or articles
that are not liquids, pourable solids, or combinations or liquids
and pourable solids. Any of the flexible containers disclosed
herein can be configured for packaging one or more of any
non-fluent product disclosed herein, or known in the art, in any
combination. When used for non-fluent products, flexible
containers, as disclosed herein, can provide benefits associated
with partly or fully supporting and/or enclosing the non-fluent
product with primary and/or secondary packaging that includes one
or more structural support volumes, one or more structural support
members, and/or one or more structural support frames; for example,
so the non-fluent product can be supported and/or enclosed by
packaging that is self-supporting and/or standing upright, as will
be understood by one skilled in the art.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"nonstructural panel" refers to a layer of one or more adjacent
sheets of flexible material, the layer having an outermost major
surface that faces outward, toward the environment outside of the
flexible container, and an innermost major surface that faces
inward, toward product volume(s) disposed within the flexible
container; a nonstructural panel is configured such that, the
layer, does not independently provide substantial support in making
the container self-supporting and/or standing upright.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"overall height" refers to a distance that is measured while the
container is standing upright on a horizontal support surface, the
distance measured vertically from the upper side of the support
surface to a point on the top of the container, which is farthest
away from the upper side of the support surface. Any of the
embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, can be
configured to have an overall height from 2.0 cm to 100.0 cm, or
any value in increments of 0.1 cm between 2.0 and 100.0 cm, or
within any range formed by any of the preceding values, such as:
from 4.0 to 90.0 cm, from 5.0 to 80.0 cm, from 6.0 to 70.0 cm, from
7.0 to 60.0 cm, from 8.0 to 50.0 cm, from 9.0 to 40.0 cm, or from
10.0 to 30.0, etc.
As used herein, when referring to a sheet of flexible material, the
term "overall thickness" refers to a linear dimension measured
perpendicular to the outer major surfaces of the sheet, when the
sheet is lying flat. For any of the embodiments of flexible
containers, disclosed herein, in various embodiments, any of the
flexible materials can be configured to have an overall thickness
5-500 micrometers (.mu.m), or any integer value for micrometers
from 5-500, or within any range formed by any of these values, such
as 10-500 .mu.m, 20-400 .mu.m, 30-300 .mu.m, 40-200 .mu.m, 50-100
.mu.m, or 50-150 .mu.m, etc.
As used herein, the term "pre-expansion headspace" refers to the
amount of volume in a sealed product volume, before structural
support volumes are expanded, that is not occupied by a product,
but occupied by a gas, either the environment in which the product
is packed, or any other gas, such as modified atmosphere (e.g.
nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, etc.). In various
embodiments, the pre-expansion headspace can be reduced from an
initial, first pre-expansion headspace at the time of filling to a
second pre-expansion headspace by application of an external force
on the flexible package before the product volume is sealed. The
value selected for the second pre-expansion headspace along with
the product fill volume together determine whether the product
volume will be under pressure (greater than atmospheric), at
atmospheric pressure, or under a vacuum (pressure less than
atmospheric) upon expansion of the one or more structural support
volume that at least partially extends into the product volume.
As used herein, the term "post-expansion headspace" refers to the
amount of volume in a sealed product volume, after the structure
support volumes are expanded, that is not occupied by a product,
but occupied by a gas, either the environment in which the product
is packed, or any other gas, such as modified atmosphere (e.g.
nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide, etc.).
As used herein, the term "product fill volume" refers to the amount
of product introduced into the product volume of a container. This
value does not change after the process of filling the product
volume is complete.
As used herein, the term "product receiving volume" refers to an
available volume of the product volume for receiving a product. The
product receiving volume of a flexible container can change
depending on the state of the structural support volume (expanded
or unexpanded) and the amount of headspace provided for in the
product volume. When the structural support volume is in an
unexpanded state, the product receiving volume is equal to the
maximum total volume of the flexible container. In this state, the
product receiving volume is also referred to herein as the "first
product receiving volume." The maximum total volume of the flexible
container is a constant as determined by the geometry and amount of
flexible material used to create the container. In various
embodiments, product is introduced into the product volume when the
structural support volume is in an unexpanded state. During filling
the product is introduced into the product volume to a determined
product fill volume, which is less than the maximum total volume.
The remaining portion of the maximum total volume is consumed by
the first (initial) pre-expansion headspace. In various
embodiments, an external force can be applied to the flexible
container to reduce the product receiving volume, which in turn
reduces the first pre-expansion headspace to the second
pre-expansion headspace. The reduced product receiving volume
resulting from application of the external force is also referred
to herein as the "second product receiving volume." At least one
structural support volume can be arranged such that upon expansion,
at least a portion of the structural support volume extends into
the product volume, thereby changing the product receiving volume.
The product receiving volume after expansion of the at least one
structural support volume is also referred to herein as a "third
product receiving volume" or a "final product receiving volume."
The third (final) product receiving volume is equal to the product
fill volume plus a post-expansion headspace. In the product filled
and structural volume expanded state, the sum of the volume of the
expanded structural support volume extending into the product
volume, the product fill volume, and the product receiving volume
is equal to the maximum product volume.
As used herein, the term "product volume" refers to an enclosable
three-dimensional space that is configured to receive and directly
contain one or more fluent product(s), wherein that space is
defined by one or more materials that form a barrier that prevents
the fluent product(s) from escaping the product volume. By directly
containing the one or more fluent products, the fluent products
come into contact with the materials that form the enclosable
three-dimensional space; there is no intermediate material or
container, which prevents such contact. Throughout the present
disclosure the terms "product volume" and "product receiving
volume" are used interchangeably and are intended to have the same
meaning. Any of the embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed
herein, can be configured to have any number of product volumes
including one product volume, two product volumes, three product
volumes, four product volumes, five product volumes, six product
volumes, or even more product volumes. In some embodiments, one or
more product volumes can be enclosed within another product volume.
Any of the product volumes disclosed herein can have a product
volume of any size, including from 0.001 liters to 100.0 liters, or
any value in increments of 0.001 liters between 0.001 liters and
3.0 liters, or any value in increments of 0.01 liters between 3.0
liters and 10.0 liters, or any value in increments of 1.0 liters
between 10.0 liters and 100.0 liters, or within any range formed by
any of the preceding values, such as: from 0.001 to 2.2 liters,
0.01 to 2.0 liters, 0.05 to 1.8 liters, 0.1 to 1.6 liters, 0.15 to
1.4 liters, 0.2 to 1.2 liters, 0.25 to 1.0 liters, etc. A product
volume can have any shape in any orientation. A product volume can
be included in a container that has a structural support frame, and
a product volume can be included in a container that does not have
a structural support frame.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"resting on a horizontal support surface" refers to the container
resting directly on the horizontal support surface, without other
support.
As used herein, the term "sealed," when referring to a product
volume, refers to a state of the product volume wherein fluent
products within the product volume are prevented from escaping the
product volume (e.g. by one or more materials that form a barrier,
and by a seal), and the product volume is hermetically sealed.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"self-supporting" refers to a container that includes a product
volume and a structural support frame, wherein, when the container
is resting on a horizontal support surface, in at least one
orientation, the structural support frame is configured to prevent
the container from collapsing and to give the container an overall
height that is significantly greater than the combined thickness of
the materials that form the container, even when the product volume
is unfilled. Any of the embodiments of flexible containers,
disclosed herein, can be configured to be self-supporting. As
examples, self-supporting flexible containers of the present
disclosure can be used to form pillow packs, pouches, doy packs,
sachets, tubes, boxes, tubs, cartons, flow wraps, gusseted packs,
jugs, bottles, jars, bags in boxes, trays, hanging packs, blister
packs, or any other forms known in the art.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"single use" refers to a closed container which, after being opened
by an end user, is not configured to be reclosed. Any of the
embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, can be
configured to be single use.
As used herein, when referring to a product volume, the term
"single dose" refers to a product volume that is sized to contain a
particular amount of product that is about equal to one unit of
typical consumption, application, or use by an end user. Any of the
embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, can be
configured to have one or more single dose product volumes. A
container with only one product volume, which is a single dose
product volume, is referred to herein as a "single dose
container."
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the terms
"stand up," "stands up," "standing up", "stand upright", "stands
upright", and "standing upright" refer to a particular orientation
of a self-supporting flexible container, when the container is
resting on a horizontal support surface. This standing upright
orientation can be determined from the structural features of the
container and/or indicia on the container. In a first determining
test, if the flexible container has a clearly defined base
structure that is configured to be used on the bottom of the
container, then the container is determined to be standing upright
when this base structure is resting on the horizontal support
surface. If the first test cannot determine the standing upright
orientation, then, in a second determining test, the container is
determined to be standing upright when the container is oriented to
rest on the horizontal support surface such that the indicia on the
flexible container are best positioned in an upright orientation.
If the second test cannot determine the standing upright
orientation, then, in a third determining test, the container is
determined to be standing upright when the container is oriented to
rest on the horizontal support surface such that the container has
the largest overall height. If the third test cannot determine the
standing upright orientation, then, in a fourth determining test,
the container is determined to be standing upright when the
container is oriented to rest on the horizontal support surface
such that the container has the largest height area ratio. If the
fourth test cannot determine the standing upright orientation,
then, any orientation used in the fourth determining test can be
considered to be a standing upright orientation.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"stand up container" refers to a self-supporting container,
wherein, when the container (with all of its product volume(s)
filled 100% with water) is standing up, the container has a height
area ratio from 0.4 to 1.5 cm.sup.-1. Any of the embodiments of
flexible containers, disclosed herein, can be configured to be
stand up containers.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"structural support frame" refers to a rigid structure formed of
one or more structural support members, joined together, around one
or more sizable empty spaces and/or one or more nonstructural
panels, and generally used as a major support for the product
volume(s) in the flexible container and in making the container
self-supporting and/or standing upright. In each of the embodiments
disclosed herein, when a flexible container includes a structural
support frame and one or more product volumes, the structural
support frame is considered to be supporting the product volumes of
the container, unless otherwise indicated.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"structural support member" refers to a rigid, physical structure,
which includes one or more expanded structural support volumes, and
which is configured to be used in a structural support frame, to
carry one or more loads (from the flexible container) across a
span. A structure that does not include at least one expanded
structural support volume, is not considered to be a structural
support member, as used herein.
A structural support member has two defined ends, a middle between
the two ends, and an overall length from its one end to its other
end. A structural support member can have one or more
cross-sectional areas, each of which has an overall width that is
less than its overall length.
A structural support member can be configured in various forms. A
structural support member can include one, two, three, four, five,
six or more structural support volumes, arranged in various ways.
For example, a structural support member can be formed by a single
structural support volume. As another example, a structural support
member can be formed by a plurality of structural support volumes,
disposed end to end, in series, wherein, in various embodiments,
part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially
all, or nearly all, or all of some or all of the structural support
volumes can be partly or fully in contact with each other, partly
or fully directly connected to each other, and/or partly or fully
joined to each other. As a further example, a structural support
member can be formed by a plurality of support volumes disposed
side by side, in parallel, wherein, in various embodiments, part,
parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or
nearly all, or all of some or all of the structural support volumes
can be partly or fully in contact with each other, partly or fully
directly connected to each other, and/or partly or fully joined to
each other.
In some embodiments, a structural support member can include a
number of different kinds of elements. For example, a structural
support member can include one or more structural support volumes
along with one or more mechanical reinforcing elements (e.g.
braces, collars, connectors, joints, ribs, etc.), which can be made
from one or more rigid (e.g. solid) materials.
Structural support members can have various shapes and sizes. Part,
parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or
nearly all, or all of a structural support member can be straight,
curved, angled, segmented, or other shapes, or combinations of any
of these shapes. Part, parts, or about all, or approximately all,
or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of a structural support
member can have any suitable cross-sectional shape, such as
circular, oval, square, triangular, star-shaped, or modified
versions of these shapes, or other shapes, or combinations of any
of these shapes. A structural support member can have an overall
shape that is tubular, or convex, or concave, along part, parts, or
about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly
all, or all of a length. A structural support member can have any
suitable cross-sectional area, any suitable overall width, and any
suitable overall length. A structural support member can be
substantially uniform along part, parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
its length, or can vary, in any way described herein, along part,
parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or
nearly all, or all of its length. For example, a cross-sectional
area of a structural support member can increase or decrease along
part, parts, or all of its length. Part, parts, or all of any of
the embodiments of structural support members of the present
disclosure, can be configured according to any embodiment disclosed
herein, including any workable combination of structures, features,
materials, and/or connections from any number of any of the
embodiments disclosed herein.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"structural support volume" refers to a fillable space made from
one or more flexible materials, wherein the space is configured to
be at least partially filled with one or more expansion materials,
which create tension in the one or more flexible materials, and
form an expanded structural support volume. One or more expanded
structural support volumes can be configured to be included in a
structural support member. A structural support volume is distinct
from structures configured in other ways, such as: structures
without a fillable space (e.g. an open space), structures made from
inflexible (e.g. solid) materials, structures with spaces that are
not configured to be filled with an expansion material (e.g. an
unattached area between adjacent layers in a multi-layer panel),
and structures with flexible materials that are not configured to
be expanded by an expansion material (e.g. a space in a structure
that is configured to be a non-structural panel). Notably, in
various embodiments, any spaces defined by the unattached area
between adjacent layers in a multi-layer panel may contain any gas
or vapor composition of single or multiple chemistries including
air, nitrogen or a gas composition comprising, as examples, greater
than 80% nitrogen, greater than 20% carbon dioxide, greater than
10% of a noble gas, less than 15% oxygen; the gas or vapor
contained in such spaces may include water vapor at a relative
humidity of 0-100%, or any integer percentage value in this range.
Throughout the present disclosure the terms "structural support
volume" and "expandable chamber" are used interchangeably and are
intended to have the same meaning.
In some embodiments, a structural support frame can include a
plurality of structural support volumes, wherein some of or all of
the structural support volumes are in fluid communication with each
other. In other embodiments, a structural support frame can include
a plurality of structural support volumes, wherein some of or none
of the structural support volumes are in fluid communication with
each other. Any of the structural support frames of the present
disclosure can be configured to have any kind of fluid
communication disclosed herein.
As used herein, the term "substantially" modifies a particular
value, by referring to a range equal to the particular value, plus
or minus ten percent (+/-10%). For any of the embodiments of
flexible containers, disclosed herein, any disclosure of a
particular value, can, in various alternate embodiments, also be
understood as a disclosure of a range equal to approximately that
particular value (i.e. +/-10%).
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"temporarily reusable" refers to a container which, after
dispensing a product to an end user, is configured to be refilled
with an additional amount of a product, up to ten times, before the
container experiences a failure that renders it unsuitable for
receiving, containing, or dispensing the product. As used herein,
the term temporarily reusable can be further limited by modifying
the number of times that the container can be refilled before the
container experiences such a failure. For any of the embodiments of
flexible containers, disclosed herein, a reference to temporarily
reusable can, in various alternate embodiments, refer to
temporarily reusable by refilling up to eight times before failure,
by refilling up to six times before failure, by refilling up to
four times before failure, or by refilling up to two times before
failure, or any integer value for refills between one and ten times
before failure. Any of the embodiments of flexible containers,
disclosed herein, can be configured to be temporarily reusable, for
the number of refills disclosed herein.
As used herein, the term "thickness" refers to a measurement that
is parallel to a third centerline of a container, when the
container is standing upright on a horizontal support surface, as
described herein. A thickness may also be referred to as a
"depth."
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"top" refers to the portion of the container that is located in the
uppermost 20% of the overall height of the container, that is, from
80-100% of the overall height of the container. As used herein, the
term top can be further limited by modifying the term top with a
particular percentage value, which is less than 20%. For any of the
embodiments of flexible containers, disclosed herein, a reference
to the top of the container can, in various alternate embodiments,
refer to the top 15% (i.e. from 85-100% of the overall height), the
top 10% (i.e. from 90-100% of the overall height), or the top 5%
(i.e. from 95-100% of the overall height), or any integer value for
percentage between 0% and 20%.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"unexpanded" refers to the state of one or more materials that are
configured to be formed into a structural support volume, before
the structural support volume is made rigid by an expansion
material.
As used herein, when referring to a product volume of a flexible
container, the term "unfilled" refers to the state of the product
volume when it does not contain a fluent product.
As used herein, when referring to a flexible container, the term
"unformed" refers to the state of one or more materials that are
configured to be formed into a product volume, before the product
volume is provided with its defined three-dimensional space. For
example, an article of manufacture could be a container blank with
an unformed product volume, wherein sheets of flexible material,
with portions joined together, are laying flat against each
other.
As used herein, the term "unit operation" refers to a
transformation of a flexible material when forming a flexible
container that is performed while the web or sheet of flexible
material is held in registration with a single tool. The unit
operation can be performed with one or more tools, but registration
of the web or sheet is maintained throughout the unit operation
with a single tool despite the use of multiple tools. In an
embodiment, the unit operation can be accomplished, for example,
using a single tool or apparatus. For example, a sealing and
cutting transformation of the web or sheet can occur in a unit
operation using a single sealing apparatus having a sealing surface
that imparts a sealing surface for both sealing and cutting the
sealing apparatus. Additionally, the unit operation could consist
of multiple sealing and cutting tools that seal and cut while the
film is held in registration with one of the tools, for example the
sealing tool, during the entirety of the unit operation. Sealing
and cutting may happen within the unit operation simultaneously,
nearly simultaneously, or sequentially.
Flexible containers, as described herein, may be used across a
variety of industries for a variety of products. For example, any
embodiment of flexible containers, as described herein, may be used
across the consumer products industry, including any of the
following products, any of which can take any workable fluent
product form described herein or known in the art: baby care
products (e.g. soaps, shampoos, and lotions); beauty care products
for cleaning, treating, beautifying, and/or decorating human or
animal hair (e.g. hair shampoos, hair conditioners, hair dyes, hair
colorants, hair repair products, hair growth products, hair removal
products, hair minimization products, etc.); beauty care products
for cleaning, treating, beautifying, and/or decorating human or
animal skin (e.g. soaps, body washes, body scrubs, facial
cleansers, astringents, sunscreens, sun block lotions, lip balms,
cosmetics, skin conditioners, cold creams, skin moisturizers,
antiperspirants, deodorants, etc.); beauty care products for
cleaning, treating, beautifying, and/or decorating human or animal
nails (e.g. nail polishes, nail polish removers, etc.); grooming
products for cleaning, treating, beautifying, and/or decorating
human facial hair (e.g. shaving products, pre-shaving products,
after shaving products, etc.); health care products for cleaning,
treating, beautifying, and/or decorating human or animal oral
cavities (e.g. toothpaste, mouthwash, breath freshening products,
anti-plaque products, tooth whitening products, etc.); health care
products for treating human and/or animal health conditions (e.g.
medicines, medicaments, pharmaceuticals, vitamins, nutraceuticals,
nutrient supplements (for calcium, fiber, etc.), cough treatment
products, cold remedies, lozenges, treatments for respiratory
and/or allergy conditions, pain relievers, sleep aids,
gastrointestinal treatment products (for heartburn, upset stomach,
diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, etc.), purified water, treated
water, etc.); pet care products for feeding and/or caring for
animals (e.g. pet food, pet vitamins, pet medicines, pet chews, pet
treats, etc.); fabric care products for cleaning, conditioning,
refreshing and/or treating fabrics, clothes and/or laundry (e.g.
laundry detergents, fabric conditioners, fabric dyes, fabric
bleaches, etc.); dish care products for home, commercial, and/or
industrial use (e.g. dish soaps and rinse aids for hand-washing
and/or machine washing); cleaning and/or deodorizing products for
home, commercial, and/or industrial use (e.g. soft surface
cleaners, hard surface cleaners, glass cleaners, ceramic tile
cleaners, carpet cleaner, wood cleaners, multi-surface cleaners,
surface disinfectants, kitchen cleaners, bath cleaners (e.g. sink,
toilet, tub, and/or shower cleaners), appliance cleaning products,
appliance treatment products, car cleaning products, car
deodorizing products, air cleaners, air deodorizers, air
disinfectants, etc.), and the like.
As further examples, any embodiment of flexible containers, as
described herein, may be used across additional areas of home,
commercial, and/or industrial, building and/or grounds,
construction and/or maintenance, including any of the following
products, any of which can take any workable fluent product form
(e.g. liquid, granular, powdered, etc.) described herein or known
in the art: products for establishing, maintaining, modifying,
treating, and/or improving lawns, gardens, and/or grounds (e.g.
grass seeds, vegetable seeds, plant seeds, birdseed, other kinds of
seeds, plant food, fertilizer, soil nutrients and/or soil
conditions (e.g. nitrogen, phosphate, potash, lime, etc.), soil
sterilants, herbicides, weed preventers, pesticides, pest
repellents, insecticides, insect repellents, etc.); products for
landscaping use (e.g. topsoils, potting soils, general use soils,
mulches, wood chips, tree bark nuggets, sands, natural stones
and/or rocks (e.g. decorative stones, pea gravel, gravel, etc.) of
all kinds, man-made compositions based on stones and rocks (e.g.
paver bases, etc.)); products for starting and/or fueling fires in
grills, fire pits, fireplaces, etc. (e.g. fire logs, fire starting
nuggets, charcoal, lighter fluid, matches, etc.); lighting products
(e.g. light bulbs and light tubes or all kinds including:
incandescents, compact fluorescents, fluorescents, halogens, light
emitting diodes, of all sizes, shapes, and uses); chemical products
for construction, maintenance, remodeling, and/or decorating (e.g.
concretes, cements, mortars, mix colorants, concrete
curers/sealants, concrete protectants, grouts, blacktop sealants,
crack filler/repair products, spackles, joint compounds, primers,
paints, stains, topcoats, sealants, caulks, adhesives, epoxies,
drain cleaning/declogging products, septic treatment products,
etc.); chemical products (e.g. thinners, solvents, and
strippers/removers including alcohols, mineral spirits,
turpentines, linseed oils, etc.); water treatment products (e.g.
water softening products such as salts, bacteriostats, fungicides,
etc.); fasteners of all kinds (e.g. screws, bolts, nuts, washers,
nails, staples, tacks, hangers, pins, pegs, rivets, clips, rings,
and the like, for use with/in/on wood, metal, plastic, concrete,
concrete, etc.); and the like.
As further examples, any embodiment of flexible containers, as
described herein, may be used across the food and beverage
industry, including any of the following products, any of which can
take any workable fluent product form described herein or known in
the art: foods such as basic ingredients (e.g. grains such as rice,
wheat, corn, beans, and derivative ingredients made from any of
these, as well as nuts, seeds, and legumes, etc.), cooking
ingredients (e.g. sugar, spices such as salt and pepper, cooking
oils, vinegars, tomato pastes, natural and artificial sweeteners,
flavorings, seasonings, etc.), baking ingredients (e.g. baking
powders, starches, shortenings, syrups, food colorings, fillings,
gelatins, chocolate chips and other kinds of chips, frostings,
sprinkles, toppings, etc.), dairy foods (e.g. creams, yogurts, sour
creams, wheys, caseins, etc.), spreads (e.g. jams, jellies, etc.),
sauces (e.g. barbecue sauces, salad dressings, tomato sauces,
etc.), condiments (e.g. ketchups, mustards, relishes, mayonnaises,
etc.), processed foods (noodles and pastas, dry cereals, cereal
mixes, premade mixes, snack chips and snacks and snack mixes of all
kinds, pretzels, crackers, cookies, candies, chocolates of all
kinds, marshmallows, puddings, etc.); beverages such as water,
milks, juices, flavored and/or carbonated beverages (e.g. soda),
sports drinks, coffees, teas, spirits, alcoholic beverages (e.g.
beer, wine, etc.), etc.; and ingredients for making or mixing into
beverages (e.g. coffee beans, ground coffees, cocoas, tea leaves,
dehydrated beverages, powders for making beverages, natural and
artificial sweeteners, flavorings, etc.). Further, prepared foods,
fruits, vegetables, soups, meats, pastas, microwavable and or
frozen foods as well as produce, eggs, milk, and other fresh foods.
Any of the embodiments of flexible containers disclosed herein can
also be sterilized (e.g. by treatment with ultraviolet light or
peroxide-based compositions), to make the containers safe for use
in storing food and/or beverage. In any embodiment, the containers
can be configured to be suitable for retort processes.
As still further examples, any embodiment of flexible containers,
as described herein, may be used across the medical industry, in
the areas of medicines, medical devices, and medical treatment,
including uses for receiving, containing, storing and/or
dispensing, any of the following fluent products, in any form known
in the art: bodily fluids from humans and/or animals (e.g. amniotic
fluid, aqueous humour, vitreous humour, bile, blood, blood plasma,
blood serum, breast milk, cerebrospinal fluid, cerumen (earwax),
chyle, chime, endolymph (and perilymph), ejaculate, runny feces,
gastric acid, gastric juice, lymph, mucus (including nasal drainage
and phlegm), pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, pleural fluid,
pus, rheum, saliva, sebum (skin oil), semen, sputum, synovial
fluid, tears, sweat, vaginal secretion, vomit, urine, etc.); fluids
for intravenous therapy to human or animal bodies (e.g. volume
expanders (e.g. crystalloids and colloids), blood-based products
including blood substitutes, buffer solutions, liquid-based
medications (which can include pharmaceuticals), parenteral
nutritional formulas (e.g. for intravenous feeding, wherein such
formulas can include salts, glucose, amino acids, lipids,
supplements, nutrients, and/or vitamins); other medicinal fluids
for administering to human or animal bodies (e.g. medicines,
medicaments, nutrients, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, etc.) by
any suitable method of administration (e.g. orally (in solid,
liquid, or pill form), topically, intranasally, by inhalation, or
rectally. Any of the embodiments of flexible containers disclosed
herein can also be sterilized (e.g. by treatment with ultraviolet
light or peroxide-based compositions or through an autoclave or
retort process), to make the containers safe for use in sterile
medical environments.
As even further examples, any embodiment of flexible containers, as
described herein, may be used across any and all industries that
use internal combustion engines (such as the transportation
industry, the power equipment industry, the power generation
industry, etc.), including products for vehicles such as cars,
trucks, automobiles, boats, aircraft, etc., with such containers
useful for receiving, containing, storing, and/or dispensing, any
of the following fluent products, in any form known in the art:
engine oil, engine oil additives, fuel additives, brake fluids,
transmission fluids, engine coolants, power steering fluids,
windshield wiper fluids, products for vehicle care (e.g. for body,
tires, wheels, windows, trims, upholsteries, etc.), as well as
other fluids configured to clean, penetrate, degrease, lubricate,
and/or protect one or more parts of any and all kinds of engines,
power equipment, and/or transportation vehicles.
Any embodiment of flexible containers, as described herein, can
also be used for receiving, containing, storing, and/or dispensing,
non-fluent products, in any of the following categories: Baby Care
products, including disposable wearable absorbent articles,
diapers, training pants, infant and toddler care wipes, etc. and
the like; Beauty Care products including applicators for applying
compositions to human or animal hair, skin, and/or nails, etc. and
the like; Home Care products including wipes and scrubbers for all
kinds of cleaning applications and the like; Family Care products
including wet or dry bath tissue, facial tissue, disposable
handkerchiefs, disposable towels, wipes, etc. and the like;
Feminine Care products including catamenial pads, incontinence
pads, interlabial pads, panty liners, pessaries, sanitary napkins,
tampons, tampon applicators, wipes, etc. and the like; Health Care
products including oral care products such as oral cleaning
devices, dental floss, flossing devices, toothbrushes, etc. and the
like; Pet Care products including grooming aids, pet training aids,
pet devices, pet toys, etc. and the like; Portable Power products
including electrochemical cells, batteries, battery current
interrupters, battery testers, battery chargers, battery charge
monitoring equipment, battery charge/discharge rate controlling
equipment, "smart" battery electronics, flashlights, etc. and the
like; Small Appliance Products including hair removal appliances
(including, e.g. electric foil shavers for men and women, charging
and/or cleaning stations, electric hair trimmers, electric beard
trimmers, electric epilator devices, cleaning fluid cartridges,
shaving conditioner cartridges, shaving foils, and cutter blocks);
oral care appliances (including, e.g., electric toothbrushes with
accumulator or battery, refill brushheads, interdental cleaners,
tongue cleaners, charging stations, electric oral irrigators, and
irrigator clip on jets); small electric household appliances
(including, e.g., coffee makers, water kettles, handblenders,
handmixers, food processors, steam cookers, juicers, citrus
presses, toasters, coffee or meat grinders, vacuum pumps, irons,
steam pressure stations for irons and in general non electric
attachments therefore, hair care appliances (including, e.g.,
electric hair driers, hairstylers, hair curlers, hair
straighteners, cordless gas heated styler/irons and gas cartridges
therefore, and air filter attachments); personal diagnostic
appliances (including, e.g., blood pressure monitors, ear
thermometers, and lensfilters therefore); clock appliances and
watch appliances (including, e.g., alarm clocks, travel alarm
clocks combined with radios, wall clocks, wristwatches, and pocket
calculators), etc. and the like.
FIGS. 1A-1D illustrates various views of an embodiment of a stand
up flexible container 100. FIG. 1A illustrates a front view of the
container 100. The container 100 is standing upright on a
horizontal support surface 101.
In FIG. 1A, a coordinate system 110, provides lines of reference
for referring to directions in the figure. The coordinate system
110 is a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with an
X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis, wherein each axis is perpendicular
to the other axes, and any two of the axes define a plane. The
X-axis and the Z-axis are parallel with the horizontal support
surface 101 and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the horizontal
support surface 101.
FIG. 1A also includes other lines of reference, for referring to
directions and locations with respect to the container 100. A
lateral centerline 111 runs parallel to the X-axis. An XY plane at
the lateral centerline 111 separates the container 100 into a front
half and a back half. An XZ plane at the lateral centerline 111
separates the container 100 into an upper half and a lower half. A
longitudinal centerline 114 runs parallel to the Y-axis. A YZ plane
at the longitudinal centerline 114 separates the container 100 into
a left half and a right half. A third centerline 117 runs parallel
to the Z-axis. The lateral centerline 111, the longitudinal
centerline 114, and the third centerline 117 all intersect at a
center of the container 100.
A disposition with respect to the lateral centerline 111 defines
what is longitudinally inboard 112 and longitudinally outboard 113.
When a first location is nearer to the lateral centerline 111 than
a second location, the first location is considered to be disposed
longitudinally inboard 112 to the second location. And, the second
location is considered to be disposed longitudinally outboard 113
from the first location. The term lateral refers to a direction,
orientation, or measurement that is parallel to the lateral
centerline 111. A lateral orientation may also be referred to a
horizontal orientation, and a lateral measurement may also be
referred to as a width.
A disposition with respect to the longitudinal centerline 114
defines what is laterally inboard 115 and laterally outboard 116.
When a first location is nearer to the longitudinal centerline 114
than a second location, the first location is considered to be
disposed laterally inboard 115 to the second location. And, the
second location is considered to be disposed laterally outboard 116
from the first location. The term longitudinal refers to a
direction, orientation, or measurement that is parallel to the
longitudinal centerline 114. A longitudinal orientation may also be
referred to a vertical orientation.
A longitudinal direction, orientation, or measurement may also be
expressed in relation to a horizontal support surface for the
container 100. When a first location is nearer to the support
surface than a second location, the first location can be
considered to be disposed lower than, below, beneath, or under the
second location. And, the second location can be considered to be
disposed higher than, above, or upward from the first location. A
longitudinal measurement may also be referred to as a height,
measured above the horizontal support surface 100.
A measurement that is made parallel to the third centerline 117 is
referred to a thickness or depth. A disposition in the direction of
the third centerline 117 and toward a front 102-1 of the container
is referred to as forward 118 or in front of. A disposition in the
direction of the third centerline 117 and toward a back 102-2 of
the container is referred to as backward 119 or behind.
These terms for direction, orientation, measurement, and
disposition, as described above, are used for all of the
embodiments of the present disclosure, whether or not a support
surface, reference line, or coordinate system is shown in a
figure.
The container 100 includes a top 104, a middle 106, and a bottom
108, the front 102-1, the back 102-2, and left and right sides 109.
The top 104 is separated from the middle 106 by a reference plane
105, which is parallel to the XZ plane. The middle 106 is separated
from the bottom 108 by a reference plane 107, which is also
parallel to the XZ plane. The container 100 has an overall height
of 100-oh. In the embodiment of FIG. 1A, the front 102-1 and the
back 102-2 of the container are joined together at a seal 129,
which extends around the outer periphery of the container 100,
across the top 104, down the side 109, and then, at the bottom of
each side 109, splits outward to follow the front and back portions
of the base 190, around their outer extents.
The container 100 includes a structural support frame 140, a
product volume 150, a dispenser 160, panels 180-1 and 180-2, and a
base structure 190. A portion of panel 180-1 is illustrated as
broken away, in order to show the product volume 150. The product
volume 150 is configured to contain one or more fluent products.
The dispenser 160 allows the container 100 to dispense these fluent
product(s) from the product volume 150 through a flow channel 159
then through the dispenser 160, to the environment outside of the
container 100. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1A-1D, the dispenser 160
is disposed in the center of the uppermost part of the top 104,
however, in various alternate embodiments, the dispenser 160 can be
disposed anywhere else on the top 140, middle 106, or bottom 108,
including anywhere on either of the sides 109, on either of the
panels 180-1 and 180-2, and on any part of the base 190 of the
container 100. The structural support frame 140 supports the mass
of fluent product(s) in the product volume 150, and makes the
container 100 stand upright. The panels 180-1 and 180-2 are
relatively flat surfaces, overlaying the product volume 150, and
are suitable for displaying any kind of indicia. However, in
various embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately
all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of either or both
of the panels 180-1 and 180-2 can include one or more curved
surfaces. The base structure 190 supports the structural support
frame 140 and provides stability to the container 100 as it stands
upright.
The structural support frame 140 is formed by a plurality of
structural support members. The structural support frame 140
includes top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2, middle
structural support members 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, and 146-4, as well
as bottom structural support members 148-1 and 148-2.
The top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2 are disposed on
the upper part of the top 104 of the container 100, with the top
structural support member 144-1 disposed in the front 102-1 and the
top structural support member 144-2 disposed in the back 102-2,
behind the top structural support member 144-1. The top structural
support members 144-1 and 144-2 are adjacent to each other and can
be in contact with each other along the laterally outboard portions
of their lengths. In various embodiments, the top structural
support members 144-1 and 144-2 can be in contact with each other
at one or more relatively smaller locations and/or at one or more
relatively larger locations, along part, or parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
their overall lengths, so long as there is a flow channel 159
between the top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2, which
allows the container 100 to dispense fluent product(s) from the
product volume 150 through the flow channel 159 then through the
dispenser 160. The top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2
are not directly connected to each other. However, in various
alternate embodiments, the top structural support members 144-1 and
144-2 can be directly connected and/or joined together along part,
or parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all,
or nearly all, or all of their overall lengths.
The top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2 are disposed
substantially above the product volume 150. Overall, each of the
top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2 is oriented about
horizontally, but with its ends curved slightly downward. And,
overall each of the top structural support members 144-1 and 144-2
has a cross-sectional area that is substantially uniform along its
length; however the cross-sectional area at their ends are slightly
larger than the cross-sectional area in their middles.
The middle structural support members 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, and
146-4 are disposed on the left and right sides 109, from the top
104, through the middle 106, to the bottom 108. The middle
structural support member 146-1 is disposed in the front 102-1, on
the left side 109; the middle structural support member 146-4 is
disposed in the back 102-2, on the left side 109, behind the middle
structural support member 146-1. The middle structural support
members 146-1 and 146-4 are adjacent to each other and can be in
contact with each other along substantially all of their lengths.
In various embodiments, the middle structural support members 146-1
and 146-4 can be in contact with each other at one or more
relatively smaller locations and/or at one or more relatively
larger locations, along part, or parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
their overall lengths. The middle structural support members 146-1
and 146-4 are not directly connected to each other. However, in
various alternate embodiments, the middle structural support
members 146-1 and 146-4 can be directly connected and/or joined
together along part, or parts, or about all, or approximately all,
or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of their overall
lengths.
The middle structural support member 146-2 is disposed in the front
102-1, on the right side 109; the middle structural support member
146-3 is disposed in the back 102-2, on the right side 109, behind
the middle structural support member 146-2. The middle structural
support members 146-2 and 146-3 are adjacent to each other and can
be in contact with each other along substantially all of their
lengths. In various embodiments, the middle structural support
members 146-2 and 146-3 can be in contact with each other at one or
more relatively smaller locations and/or at one or more relatively
larger locations, along part, or parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
their overall lengths. The middle structural support members 146-2
and 146-3 are not directly connected to each other. However, in
various alternate embodiments, the middle structural support
members 146-2 and 146-3 can be directly connected and/or joined
together along part, or parts, or about all, or approximately all,
or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of their overall
lengths.
The middle structural support members 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, and
146-4 are disposed substantially laterally outboard from the
product volume 150. Overall, each of the middle structural support
members 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, and 146-4 is oriented about
vertically, but angled slightly, with its upper end laterally
inboard to its lower end. And, overall each of the middle
structural support members 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, and 146-4 has a
cross-sectional area that changes along its length, increasing in
size from its upper end to its lower end.
The bottom structural support members 148-1 and 148-2 are disposed
on the bottom 108 of the container 100, with the bottom structural
support member 148-1 disposed in the front 102-1 and the bottom
structural support member 148-2 disposed in the back 102-2, behind
the top structural support member 148-1. The bottom structural
support members 148-1 and 148-2 are adjacent to each other and can
be in contact with each other along substantially all of their
lengths. In various embodiments, the bottom structural support
members 148-1 and 148-2 can be in contact with each other at one or
more relatively smaller locations and/or at one or more relatively
larger locations, along part, or parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
their overall lengths. The bottom structural support members 148-1
and 148-2 are not directly connected to each other. However, in
various alternate embodiments, the bottom structural support
members 148-1 and 148-2 can be directly connected and/or joined
together along part, or parts, or about all, or approximately all,
or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of their overall
lengths.
The bottom structural support members 148-1 and 148-2 are disposed
substantially below the product volume 150, but substantially above
the base structure 190. Overall, each of the bottom structural
support members 148-1 and 148-2 is oriented about horizontally, but
with its ends curved slightly upward. And, overall each of the
bottom structural support members 148-1 and 148-2 has a
cross-sectional area that is substantially uniform along its
length.
In the front portion of the structural support frame 140, the left
end of the top structural support member 144-1 is joined to the
upper end of the middle structural support member 146-1; the lower
end of the middle structural support member 146-1 is joined to the
left end of the bottom structural support member 148-1; the right
end of the bottom structural support member 148-1 is joined to the
lower end of the middle structural support member 146-2; and the
upper end of the middle structural support member 146-2 is joined
to the right end of the top structural support member 144-1.
Similarly, in the back portion of the structural support frame 140,
the left end of the top structural support member 144-2 is joined
to the upper end of the middle structural support member 146-4; the
lower end of the middle structural support member 146-4 is joined
to the left end of the bottom structural support member 148-2; the
right end of the bottom structural support member 148-2 is joined
to the lower end of the middle structural support member 146-3; and
the upper end of the middle structural support member 146-3 is
joined to the right end of the top structural support member 144-2.
In the structural support frame 140, the ends of the structural
support members, which are joined together, are directly connected,
all around the periphery of their walls. However, in various
alternative embodiments, any of the structural support members
144-1, 144-2, 146-1, 146-2, 146-3, 146-4, 148-1, and 148-2 can be
joined together in any way described herein or known in the
art.
In alternative embodiments of the structural support frame 140,
adjacent structural support members can be combined into a single
structural support member, wherein the combined structural support
member can effectively substitute for the adjacent structural
support members, as their functions and connections are described
herein. In other alternative embodiments of the structural support
frame 140, one or more additional structural support members can be
added to the structural support members in the structural support
frame 140, wherein the expanded structural support frame can
effectively substitute for the structural support frame 140, as its
functions and connections are described herein. Also, in some
alternative embodiments, a flexible container may not include a
base structure.
FIG. 1B illustrates a side view of the stand up flexible container
100 of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1C illustrates a top view of the stand up flexible container
100 of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1D illustrates a bottom view of the stand up flexible
container 100 of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1E illustrates a perspective view of a container 100-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 100
of FIG. 1A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 140-1,
a first portion of the product volume 150-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 150-1a, and a dispenser 160-1. The embodiment of
FIG. 1E is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1A with like-numbered
terms configured in the same way, except that the frame 140-1
extends around about half of the container 100-1, directly
supporting a first portion of the product volume 150-1b, which is
disposed inside of the frame 140-1, and indirectly supporting a
second portion of the product volume 150-1a, which is disposed
outside of the frame 140-1. In various embodiments, any stand-up
flexible container of the present disclosure can be modified in a
similar way, such that: the frame extends around only part or parts
of the container, and/or the frame is asymmetric with respect to
one or more centerlines of the container, and/or part or parts of
one or more product volumes of the container are disposed outside
of the frame, and/or part or parts of one or more product volumes
of the container are indirectly supported by the frame.
FIG. 1F illustrates a perspective view of a container 100-2, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 100
of FIG. 1A, including an internal structural support frame 140-2, a
product volume 150-2, and a dispenser 160-2. The embodiment of FIG.
1F is similar to the embodiment of Figure lA with like-numbered
terms configured in the same way, except that the frame 140-2 is
internal to the product volume 150-2. In various embodiments, any
stand-up flexible container of the present disclosure can be
modified in a similar way, such that: part, parts, or all of the
frame (including part, parts, or all of one or more of any
structural support members that form the frame) are about,
approximately, substantially, nearly, or completely enclosed by one
or more product volumes.
FIG. 1G illustrates a perspective view of a container 100-3, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 100
of FIG. 1A, including an external structural support frame 140-3, a
product volume 150-3, and a dispenser 160-3. The embodiment of FIG.
1G is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1A with like-numbered terms
configured in the same way, except that the product volume 150-3 is
not integrally connected to the frame 140-3 (that is, not
simultaneously made from the same web of flexible materials), but
rather the product volume 150-3 is separately made and then joined
to the frame 140-3. The product volume 150-3 can be joined to the
frame in any convenient manner disclosed herein or known in the
art. In the embodiment of FIG. 1G, the product volume 150-3 is
disposed within the frame 140-3, but the product volume 150-3 has a
reduced size and a somewhat different shape, when compared with the
product volume 150 of FIG. 1A; however, these differences are made
to illustrate the relationship between the product volume 150-3 and
the frame 140-3, and are not required. In various embodiments, any
stand-up flexible container of the present disclosure can be
modified in a similar way, such that one or more the product
volumes are not integrally connected to the frame.
FIGS. 2A-8G illustrate embodiments of stand up flexible containers
having various overall shapes. Any of the embodiments of FIGS.
2A-8G can be configured according to any of the embodiments
disclosed herein, including the embodiments of FIGS. 1A-1G. Any of
the elements (e.g. structural support frames, structural support
members, panels, dispensers, etc.) of the embodiments of FIGS.
2A-8G, can be configured according to any of the embodiments
disclosed herein. While each of the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-8G
illustrates a container with one dispenser, in various embodiments,
each container can include multiple dispensers, according to any
embodiment described herein. FIGS. 2A-8G illustrate exemplary
additional/alternate locations for dispenser with phantom line
outlines. Part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or
substantially all, or nearly all, or all of each of the panels in
the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-8G is suitable to display any kind of
indicia. Each of the side panels in the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-8G
is configured to be a nonstructural panel, overlaying product
volume(s) disposed within the flexible container, however, in
various embodiments, one or more of any kind of decorative or
structural element (such as a rib, protruding from an outer
surface) can be joined to part, parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
any of these side panels. For clarity, not all structural details
of these flexible containers are shown in FIGS. 2A-8G, however any
of the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-8G can be configured to include any
structure or feature for flexible containers, disclosed herein. For
example, any of the embodiments of FIGS. 2A-8G can be configured to
include any kind of base structure disclosed herein.
FIG. 2A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
200 having a structural support frame 240 that has an overall shape
like a frustum. In the embodiment of FIG. 2A, the frustum shape is
based on a four-sided pyramid, however, in various embodiments, the
frustum shape can be based on a pyramid with a different number of
sides, or the frustum shape can be based on a cone. The support
frame 240 is formed by structural support members disposed along
the edges of the frustum shape and joined together at their ends.
The structural support members define a rectangular shaped top
panel 280-t, trapezoidal shaped side panels 280-1, 280-2, 280-3,
and 280-4, and a rectangular shaped bottom panel (not shown). Each
of the side panels 280-1, 280-2, 280-3, and 280-4 is about flat,
however in various embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
any of the side panels can be approximately flat, substantially
flat, nearly flat, or completely flat. The container 200 includes a
dispenser 260, which is configured to dispense one or more fluent
products from one or more product volumes disposed within the
container 200. In the embodiment of FIG. 2A, the dispenser 260 is
disposed in the center of the top panel 280-t, however, in various
alternate embodiments, the dispenser 260 can be disposed anywhere
else on the top, sides, or bottom, of the container 200, according
to any embodiment described or illustrated herein. FIG. 2B
illustrates a front view of the container 200 of FIG. 2A, including
exemplary additional/alternate locations for a dispenser, any of
which can also apply to the back of the container. FIG. 2C
illustrates a side view of the container 200 of FIG. 2A, including
exemplary additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as
phantom lines), any of which can apply to either side of the
container. FIG. 2D illustrates an isometric view of the container
200 of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 2E illustrates a perspective view of a container 200-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 200
of FIG. 2A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 240-1,
a first portion of the product volume 250-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 250-1a, and a dispenser 260-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 200. FIG. 2F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 200-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 200 of FIG. 2A, including an internal structural
support frame 240-2, a product volume 250-2, and a dispenser 260-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 200. FIG. 2G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 200-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 200 of FIG. 2A, including an external
structural support frame 240-3, a non-integral product volume 250-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 240-3, and a dispenser
260-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 200.
FIG. 3A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
300 having a structural support frame 340 that has an overall shape
like a pyramid. In the embodiment of FIG. 3A, the pyramid shape is
based on a four-sided pyramid, however, in various embodiments, the
pyramid shape can be based on a pyramid with a different number of
sides. The support frame 340 is formed by structural support
members disposed along the edges of the pyramid shape and joined
together at their ends. The structural support members define
triangular shaped side panels 380-1, 380-2, 380-3, and 380-4, and a
square shaped bottom panel (not shown). Each of the side panels
380-1, 380-2, 380-3, and 380-4 is about flat, however in various
embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or
substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side panels
can be approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat, or
completely flat. The container 300 includes a dispenser 360, which
is configured to dispense one or more fluent products from one or
more product volumes disposed within the container 300. In the
embodiment of FIG. 3A, the dispenser 360 is disposed at the apex of
the pyramid shape, however, in various alternate embodiments, the
dispenser 360 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides, or
bottom, of the container 300. FIG. 3B illustrates a front view of
the container 300 of FIG. 3A, including exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines), any of which can also apply to any side of the container.
FIG. 3C illustrates a side view of the container 300 of FIG. 3A.
FIG. 3D illustrates an isometric view of the container 300 of FIG.
3A.
FIG. 3E illustrates a perspective view of a container 300-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 300
of FIG. 3A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 340-1,
a first portion of the product volume 350-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 350-1a, and a dispenser 360-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 300. FIG. 3F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 300-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 300 of FIG. 3A, including an internal structural
support frame 340-2, a product volume 350-2, and a dispenser 360-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 300. FIG. 3G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 300-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 300 of FIG. 3A, including an external
structural support frame 340-3, a non-integral product volume 350-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 340-3, and a dispenser
360-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 300.
FIG. 4A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
400 having a structural support frame 440 that has an overall shape
like a trigonal prism. In the embodiment of FIG. 4A, the prism
shape is based on a triangle. The support frame 440 is formed by
structural support members disposed along the edges of the prism
shape and joined together at their ends. The structural support
members define a triangular shaped top panel 480-t, rectangular
shaped side panels 480-1, 480-2, and 480-3, and a triangular shaped
bottom panel (not shown). Each of the side panels 480-1, 480-2, and
480-3 is about flat, however in various embodiments, part, parts,
or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly
all, or all of the side panels can be approximately flat,
substantially flat, nearly flat, or completely flat. The container
400 includes a dispenser 460, which is configured to dispense one
or more fluent products from one or more product volumes disposed
within the container 400. In the embodiment of FIG. 4A, the
dispenser 460 is disposed in the center of the top panel 480-t,
however, in various alternate embodiments, the dispenser 460 can be
disposed anywhere else on the top, sides, or bottom, of the
container 400. FIG. 4B illustrates a front view of the container
400 of FIG. 4A, including exemplary additional/alternate locations
for a dispenser (shown as phantom lines), any of which can also
apply to any side of the container 400. FIG. 4C illustrates a side
view of the container 400 of FIG. 4A. FIG. 4D illustrates an
isometric view of the container 400 of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 4E illustrates a perspective view of a container 400-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 400
of FIG. 4A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 440-1,
a first portion of the product volume 450-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 450-1a, and a dispenser 460-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 400. FIG. 4F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 400-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 400 of FIG. 4A, including an internal structural
support frame 440-2, a product volume 450-2, and a dispenser 460-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 400. FIG. 4G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 400-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 400 of FIG. 4A, including an external
structural support frame 440-3, a non-integral product volume 450-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 440-3, and a dispenser
460-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 400.
FIG. 5A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
500 having a structural support frame 540 that has an overall shape
like a tetragonal prism. In the embodiment of FIG. 5A, the prism
shape is based on a square. The support frame 540 is formed by
structural support members disposed along the edges of the prism
shape and joined together at their ends. The structural support
members define a square shaped top panel 580-t, rectangular shaped
side panels 580-1, 580-2, 580-3, and 580-4, and a square shaped
bottom panel (not shown). Each of the side panels 580-1, 580-2,
580-3, and 580-4 is about flat, however in various embodiments,
part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially
all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side panels can be
approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat, or completely
flat. The container 500 includes a dispenser 560, which is
configured to dispense one or more fluent products from one or more
product volumes disposed within the container 500. In the
embodiment of FIG. 5A, the dispenser 560 is disposed in the center
of the top panel 580-t, however, in various alternate embodiments,
the dispenser 560 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides,
or bottom, of the container 500. FIG. 5B illustrates a front view
of the container 500 of FIG. 5A, including exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines), any of which can also apply to any side of the container
500. FIG. 5C illustrates a side view of the container 500 of FIG.
5A. FIG. 5D illustrates an isometric view of the container 500 of
FIG. 5A.
FIG. 5E illustrates a perspective view of a container 500-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 500
of FIG. 5A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 540-1,
a first portion of the product volume 550-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 550-1a, and a dispenser 560-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 500. FIG. 5F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 500-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 500 of FIG. 5A, including an internal structural
support frame 540-2, a product volume 550-2, and a dispenser 560-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 500. FIG. 5G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 500-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 500 of FIG. 5A, including an external
structural support frame 540-3, a non-integral product volume 550-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 540-3, and a dispenser
560-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 500.
FIG. 6A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
600 having a structural support frame 640 that has an overall shape
like a pentagonal prism. In the embodiment of FIG. 6A, the prism
shape is based on a pentagon. The support frame 640 is formed by
structural support members disposed along the edges of the prism
shape and joined together at their ends. The structural support
members define a pentagon shaped top panel 680-t, rectangular
shaped side panels 680-1, 680-2, 680-3, 680-4, and 680-5, and a
pentagon shaped bottom panel (not shown). Each of the side panels
680-1, 680-2, 680-3, 680-4, and 680-5 is about flat, however in
various embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately
all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side
panels can be approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat,
or completely flat. The container 600 includes a dispenser 660,
which is configured to dispense one or more fluent products from
one or more product volumes disposed within the container 600. In
the embodiment of FIG. 6A, the dispenser 660 is disposed in the
center of the top panel 680-t, however, in various alternate
embodiments, the dispenser 660 can be disposed anywhere else on the
top, sides, or bottom, of the container 600. FIG. 6B illustrates a
front view of the container 600 of FIG. 6A, including exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines), any of which can also apply to any side of the container
600. FIG. 6C illustrates a side view of the container 600 of FIG.
6A. FIG. 6D illustrates an isometric view of the container 600 of
FIG. 6A.
FIG. 6E illustrates a perspective view of a container 600-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 600
of FIG. 6A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 640-1,
a first portion of the product volume 650-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 650-1a, and a dispenser 660-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 600. FIG. 6F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 600-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 600 of FIG. 6A, including an internal structural
support frame 640-2, a product volume 650-2, and a dispenser 660-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 600. FIG. 6G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 600-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 600 of FIG. 6A, including an external
structural support frame 640-3, a non-integral product volume 650-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 640-3, and a dispenser
660-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 600.
FIG. 7A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
700 having a structural support frame 740 that has an overall shape
like a cone. The support frame 740 is formed by curved structural
support members disposed around the base of the cone and by
straight structural support members extending linearly from the
base to the apex, wherein the structural support members are joined
together at their ends. The structural support members define
curved somewhat triangular shaped side panels 780-1, 780-2, and
780-3, and a circular shaped bottom panel (not shown). Each of the
side panels 780-1, 780-2, and 780-3, is curved, however in various
embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or
substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side panels
can be approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat, or
completely flat. The container 700 includes a dispenser 760, which
is configured to dispense one or more fluent products from one or
more product volumes disposed within the container 700. In the
embodiment of FIG. 7A, the dispenser 760 is disposed at the apex of
the conical shape, however, in various alternate embodiments, the
dispenser 760 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides, or
bottom, of the container 700. FIG. 7B illustrates a front view of
the container 700 of FIG. 7A. FIG. 7C illustrates a side view of
the container 700 of FIG. 7A, including exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines), any of which can also apply to any side panel of the
container 700. FIG. 7D illustrates an isometric view of the
container 700 of FIG. 7A.
FIG. 7E illustrates a perspective view of a container 700-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 700
of FIG. 7A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 740-1,
a first portion of the product volume 750-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 750-1a, and a dispenser 760-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 700. FIG. 7F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 700-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 700 of FIG. 7A, including an internal structural
support frame 740-2, a product volume 750-2, and a dispenser 760-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 700. FIG. 7G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 700-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 700 of FIG. 7A, including an external
structural support frame 740-3, a non-integral product volume 750-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 740-3, and a dispenser
760-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 700.
FIG. 8A illustrates a front view of a stand up flexible container
800 having a structural support frame 840 that has an overall shape
like a cylinder. The support frame 840 is formed by curved
structural support members disposed around the top and bottom of
the cylinder and by straight structural support members extending
linearly from the top to the bottom, wherein the structural support
members are joined together at their ends. The structural support
members define a circular shaped top panel 880-t, curved somewhat
rectangular shaped side panels 880-1, 880-2, 880-3, and 880-4, and
a circular shaped bottom panel (not shown). Each of the side panels
880-1, 880-2, 880-3, and 880-4, is curved, however in various
embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately all, or
substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side panels
can be approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat, or
completely flat. The container 800 includes a dispenser 860, which
is configured to dispense one or more fluent products from one or
more product volumes disposed within the container 800. In the
embodiment of FIG. 8A, the dispenser 860 is disposed in the center
of the top panel 880-t, however, in various alternate embodiments,
the dispenser 860 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides,
or bottom, of the container 800. FIG. 8B illustrates a front view
of the container 800 of FIG. 8A, including exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines), any of which can also apply to any side panel of the
container 800. FIG. 8C illustrates a side view of the container 800
of FIG. 8A. FIG. 8D illustrates an isometric view of the container
800 of FIG. 8A.
FIG. 8E illustrates a perspective view of a container 800-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 800
of FIG. 8A, including an asymmetric structural support frame 840-1,
a first portion of the product volume 850-1b, a second portion of
the product volume 850-1a, and a dispenser 860-1, configured in the
same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1E, except based on the
container 800. FIG. 8F illustrates a perspective view of a
container 800-2, which is an alternative embodiment of the stand up
flexible container 800 of FIG. 8A, including an internal structural
support frame 840-2, a product volume 850-2, and a dispenser 860-2,
configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1F, except
based on the container 800. FIG. 8G illustrates a perspective view
of a container 800-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
stand up flexible container 800 of FIG. 8A, including an external
structural support frame 840-3, a non-integral product volume 850-3
joined to and disposed within the frame 840-3, and a dispenser
860-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 1G,
except based on the container 800.
In additional embodiments, any stand up flexible container with a
structural support frame, as disclosed herein, can be configured to
have an overall shape that corresponds with any other known
three-dimensional shape, including any kind of polyhedron, any kind
of prismatoid, and any kind of prism (including right prisms and
uniform prisms).
FIG. 9A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container 900, having an overall shape
like a square. FIG. 9B illustrates an end view of the flexible
container 900 of FIG. 9A. The container 900 is resting on a
horizontal support surface 901.
In FIG. 9B, a coordinate system 910, provides lines of reference
for referring to directions in the figure. The coordinate system
910 is a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, with an
X-axis, a Y-axis, and a Z-axis. The X-axis and the Z-axis are
parallel with the horizontal support surface 901 and the Y-axis is
perpendicular to the horizontal support surface 901.
FIG. 9A also includes other lines of reference, for referring to
directions and locations with respect to the container 100. A
lateral centerline 911 runs parallel to the X-axis. An XY plane at
the lateral centerline 911 separates the container 100 into a front
half and a back half. An XZ plane at the lateral centerline 911
separates the container 100 into an upper half and a lower half. A
longitudinal centerline 914 runs parallel to the Y-axis. A YZ plane
at the longitudinal centerline 914 separates the container 900 into
a left half and a right half. A third centerline 917 runs parallel
to the Z-axis. The lateral centerline 911, the longitudinal
centerline 914, and the third centerline 917 all intersect at a
center of the container 900. These terms for direction,
orientation, measurement, and disposition, in the embodiment of
FIGS. 9A-9B are the same as the like-numbered terms in the
embodiment of FIGS. 1A-1D.
The container 900 includes a top 904, a middle 906, and a bottom
908, the front 902-1, the back 902-2, and left and right sides 909.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 9A-9B, the upper half and the lower half
of the container are joined together at a seal 929, which extends
around the outer periphery of the container 900. The bottom of the
container 900 is configured in the same way as the top of the
container 900.
The container 900 includes a structural support frame 940, a
product volume 950, a dispenser 960, a top panel 980-t and a bottom
panel (not shown). A portion of the top panel 980-t is illustrated
as broken away, in order to show the product volume 950. The
product volume 950 is configured to contain one or more fluent
products. The dispenser 960 allows the container 900 to dispense
these fluent product(s) from the product volume 950 through a flow
channel 959 then through the dispenser 960, to the environment
outside of the container 900. The structural support frame 940
supports the mass of fluent product(s) in the product volume 950.
The top panel 980-t and the bottom panel are relatively flat
surfaces, overlaying the product volume 950, and are suitable for
displaying any kind of indicia.
The structural support frame 940 is formed by a plurality of
structural support members. The structural support frame 940
includes front structural support members 943-1 and 943-2,
intermediate structural support members 945-1, 945-2, 945-3, and
945-4, as well as back structural support members 947-1 and 947-2.
Overall, each of the structural support members in the container
900 is oriented horizontally. And, each of the structural support
members in the container 900 has a cross-sectional area that is
substantially uniform along its length, although in various
embodiments, this cross-sectional area can vary.
Upper structural support members 943-1, 945-1, 945-2, and 947-1 are
disposed in an upper part of the middle 906 and in the top 904,
while lower structural support members 943-2, 945-4, 945-3, and
947-2 are disposed in a lower part of the middle 906 and in the
bottom 908. The upper structural support members 943-1, 945-1,
945-2, and 947-1 are disposed above and adjacent to the lower
structural support members 943-2, 945-4, 945-3, and 947-2,
respectively.
In various embodiments, adjacent upper and lower structural support
members can be in contact with each other at one or more relatively
smaller locations and/or at one or more relatively larger
locations, along part, or parts, or about all, or approximately
all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of their overall
lengths, so long as there is a gap in the contact for the flow
channel 959, between the structural support members 943-1 and
943-2. In the embodiment of FIGS. 9A-9B, the upper and lower
structural support members are not directly connected to each
other. However, in various alternate embodiments, adjacent upper
and lower structural support members can be directly connected
and/or joined together along part, or parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
their overall lengths.
The ends of structural support members 943-1, 945-2, 947-1, and
945-1 are joined together to form a top square that is outward from
and surrounding the product volume 950, and the ends of structural
support members 943-2, 945-3, 947-2, and 945-4 are also joined
together to form a bottom square that is outward from and
surrounding the product volume 950. In the structural support frame
940, the ends of the structural support members, which are joined
together, are directly connected, all around the periphery of their
walls. However, in various alternative embodiments, any of the
structural support members of the embodiment of FIGS. 9A-9B can be
joined together in any way described herein or known in the
art.
In alternative embodiments of the structural support frame 940,
adjacent structural support members can be combined into a single
structural support member, wherein the combined structural support
member can effectively substitute for the adjacent structural
support members, as their functions and connections are described
herein. In other alternative embodiments of the structural support
frame 940, one or more additional structural support members can be
added to the structural support members in the structural support
frame 940, wherein the expanded structural support frame can
effectively substitute for the structural support frame 940, as its
functions and connections are described herein.
FIG. 9C illustrates a perspective view of a container 900-1, which
is an alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible
container 900 of FIG. 1A, including an asymmetric structural
support frame 940-1, a first portion of the product volume 950-1b,
a second portion of the product volume 950-1a, and a dispenser
960-1. The embodiment of FIG. 9C is similar to the embodiment of
FIG. 9A with like-numbered terms configured in the same way, except
that the frame 940-1 extends around about half of the container
900-1, directly supporting a first portion of the product volume
950-1b, which is disposed inside of the frame 940-1, and indirectly
supporting a second portion of the product volume 950-1a, which is
disposed outside of the frame 940-1. In various embodiments, any
self-supporting flexible container of the present disclosure can be
modified in a similar way, such that: the frame extends around only
part or parts of the container, and/or the frame is asymmetric with
respect to one or more centerlines of the container, and/or part or
parts of one or more product volumes of the container are disposed
outside of the frame, and/or part or parts of one or more product
volumes of the container are indirectly supported by the frame.
FIG. 9D illustrates a perspective view of a container 900-2, which
is an alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible
container 900 of FIG. 9A, including an internal structural support
frame 940-2, a product volume 950-2, and a dispenser 960-2. The
embodiment of FIG. 9D is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 9A with
like-numbered terms configured in the same way, except that the
frame 940-2 is internal to the product volume 950-2. In various
embodiments, any self-supporting flexible container of the present
disclosure can be modified in a similar way, such that: part,
parts, or all of the frame (including part, parts, or all of one or
more of any structural support members that form the frame) are
about, approximately, substantially, nearly, or completely enclosed
by one or more product volumes.
FIG. 9E illustrates a perspective view of a container 900-3, which
is an alternative embodiment of the stand up flexible container 900
of FIG. 9A, including an external structural support frame 940-3, a
product volume 950-3, and a dispenser 960-3. The embodiment of FIG.
9E is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 9A with like-numbered terms
configured in the same way, except that the product volume 950-3 is
not integrally connected to the frame 940-3 (that is, not
simultaneously made from the same web of flexible materials), but
rather the product volume 950-3 is separately made and then joined
to the frame 940-3. The product volume 950-3 can be joined to the
frame in any convenient manner disclosed herein or known in the
art. In the embodiment of FIG. 9E, the product volume 950-3 is
disposed within the frame 940-3, but the product volume 950-3 has a
reduced size and a somewhat different shape, when compared with the
product volume 950 of FIG. 9A; however, these differences are made
to illustrate the relationship between the product volume 950-3 and
the frame 940-3, and are not required. In various embodiments, any
self-supporting flexible container of the present disclosure can be
modified in a similar way, such that one or more the product
volumes are not integrally connected to the frame.
FIGS. 10A-11E illustrate embodiments of self-supporting flexible
containers (that are not stand up containers) having various
overall shapes. Any of the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E can be
configured according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein,
including the embodiments of FIGS. 9A-9E. Any of the elements (e.g.
structural support frames, structural support members, panels,
dispensers, etc.) of the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E, can be
configured according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein.
While each of the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E illustrates a
container with one dispenser, in various embodiments, each
container can include multiple dispensers, according to any
embodiment described herein. Part, parts, or about all, or
approximately all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of
each of the panels in the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E is suitable
to display any kind of indicia. Each of the top and bottom panels
in the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E is configured to be a
nonstructural panel, overlaying product volume(s) disposed within
the flexible container, however, in various embodiments, one or
more of any kind of decorative or structural element (such as a
rib, protruding from an outer surface) can be joined to part,
parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or
nearly all, or all of any of these panels. For clarity, not all
structural details of these flexible containers are shown in FIGS.
10A-11E, however any of the embodiments of FIGS. 10A-11E can be
configured to include any structure or feature for flexible
containers, disclosed herein.
FIG. 10A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container 1000 (that is not a stand up
flexible container) having a product volume 1050 and an overall
shape like a triangle. However, in various embodiments, a
self-supporting flexible container can have an overall shape like a
polygon having any number of sides. The support frame 1040 is
formed by structural support members disposed along the edges of
the triangular shape and joined together at their ends. The
structural support members define a triangular shaped top panel
1080-t, and a triangular shaped bottom panel (not shown). The top
panel 1080-t and the bottom panel are about flat, however in
various embodiments, part, parts, or about all, or approximately
all, or substantially all, or nearly all, or all of any of the side
panels can be approximately flat, substantially flat, nearly flat,
or completely flat. The container 1000 includes a dispenser 1060,
which is configured to dispense one or more fluent products from
one or more product volumes disposed within the container 1000. In
the embodiment of FIG. 10A, the dispenser 1060 is disposed in the
center of the front, however, in various alternate embodiments, the
dispenser 1060 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides, or
bottom, of the container 1000. FIG. 10A includes exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines). FIG. 10B illustrates an end view of the flexible container
1000 of FIG. 10B, resting on a horizontal support surface 1001.
FIG. 10C illustrates a perspective view of a container 1000-1,
which is an alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible
container 1000 of FIG. 10A, including an asymmetric structural
support frame 1040-1, a first portion of the product volume
1050-1b, a second portion of the product volume 1050-1a, and a
dispenser 1060-1, configured in the same manner as the embodiment
of FIG. 9C, except based on the container 1000. FIG. 10D
illustrates a perspective view of a container 1000-2, which is an
alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container
1000 of FIG. 10A, including an internal structural support frame
1040-2, a product volume 1050-2, and a dispenser 1060-2, configured
in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 9D, except based on
the container 1000. FIG. 10E illustrates a perspective view of a
container 1000-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
self-supporting flexible container 1000 of FIG. 10A, including an
external structural support frame 1040-3, a non-integral product
volume 1050-3 joined to and disposed within the frame 1040-3, and a
dispenser 1060-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment
of FIG. 9E, except based on the container 1000.
FIG. 11A illustrates a top view of an embodiment of a
self-supporting flexible container 1100 (that is not a stand up
flexible container) having a product volume 1150 and an overall
shape like a circle. The support frame 1140 is formed by structural
support members disposed around the circumference of the circular
shape and joined together at their ends. The structural support
members define a circular shaped top panel 1180-t, and a circular
shaped bottom panel (not shown). The top panel 1180-t and the
bottom panel are about flat, however in various embodiments, part,
parts, or about all, or approximately all, or substantially all, or
nearly all, or all of any of the side panels can be approximately
flat, substantially flat, nearly flat, or completely flat. The
container 1100 includes a dispenser 1160, which is configured to
dispense one or more fluent products from one or more product
volumes disposed within the container 1100. In the embodiment of
FIG. 11A, the dispenser 1160 is disposed in the center of the
front, however, in various alternate embodiments, the dispenser
1160 can be disposed anywhere else on the top, sides, or bottom, of
the container 1100. FIG. 11A includes exemplary
additional/alternate locations for a dispenser (shown as phantom
lines). FIG. 11B illustrates an end view of the flexible container
1100 of FIG. 10B, resting on a horizontal support surface 1101.
FIG. 11C illustrates a perspective view of a container 1100-1,
which is an alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible
container 1100 of FIG. 11A, including an asymmetric structural
support frame 1140-1, a first portion of the product volume
1150-1b, a second portion of the product volume 1150-1a, and a
dispenser 1160-1, configured in the same manner as the embodiment
of FIG. 9C, except based on the container 1100. FIG. 11D
illustrates a perspective view of a container 1100-2, which is an
alternative embodiment of the self-supporting flexible container
1100 of FIG. 11A, including an internal structural support frame
1140-2, a product volume 1150-2, and a dispenser 1160-2, configured
in the same manner as the embodiment of FIG. 9D, except based on
the container 1100. FIG. 11E illustrates a perspective view of a
container 1100-3, which is an alternative embodiment of the
self-supporting flexible container 1100 of FIG. 11A, including an
external structural support frame 1140-3, a non-integral product
volume 1150-3 joined to and disposed within the frame 1140-3, and a
dispenser 1160-3, configured in the same manner as the embodiment
of FIG. 9E, except based on the container 1100.
In additional embodiments, any self-supporting container with a
structural support frame, as disclosed herein, can be configured to
have an overall shape that corresponds with any other known
three-dimensional shape. For example, any self-supporting container
with a structural support frame, as disclosed herein, can be
configured to have an overall shape (when observed from a top view)
that corresponds with a rectangle, a polygon (having any number of
sides), an oval, an ellipse, a star, or any other shape, or
combinations of any of these.
FIGS. 12A-14C illustrate various exemplary dispensers, which can be
used with the flexible containers disclosed herein. FIG. 12A
illustrates an isometric view of push-pull type dispenser 1260-a.
FIG. 12B illustrates an isometric view of dispenser with a flip-top
cap 1260-b. FIG. 12C illustrates an isometric view of dispenser
with a screw-on cap 1260-c. FIG. 12D illustrates an isometric view
of rotatable type dispenser 1260-d. FIG. 12E illustrates an
isometric view of nozzle type dispenser with a cap 1260-d. FIG. 13A
illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser 1360-a. FIG. 13B
illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser with a lid 1360-b.
FIG. 13C illustrates an isometric view of flip up straw dispenser
1360-c. FIG. 13D illustrates an isometric view of straw dispenser
with bite valve 1360-d. FIG. 14A illustrates an isometric view of
pump type dispenser 1460-a, which can, in various embodiments be a
foaming pump type dispenser. FIG. 14B illustrates an isometric view
of pump spray type dispenser 1460-b. FIG. 14C illustrates an
isometric view of trigger spray type dispenser 1460-c.
Referring to FIG. 15, flexible containers in accordance with
embodiments of the disclosure can be formed by a series of unit
operations, steps, or transformations, including, for example,
folding one or more webs or sheets that includes at least two
layers of flexible material into the flexible container
configuration 2002, sealing and cutting the flexible materials to
define the seams of the flexible container 2004, filling the
product volume with product 2006, and expanding the at least one
structural support volume 2010. The folding process for forming the
flexible container configuration 2002 can optionally include one or
more sealing steps. The method can also include a headspace
reduction step 2008 for controlling the headspace and pressure of
the product volume upon expansion of the structural support volume
and a final sealing step 2012 in which one or more ports used to
fill the product volume and expand the structural support volumes
are sealed. Additional steps can be included in the method,
including, but not limited to, a sealing step for forming an inner
boundary of the at least one structural support volumes, a product
volume fill port formation step, a structural support volume
expansion port formation step, valve and venting formation steps,
and gusset forming, folding, and sealing steps. The gusset forming,
folding, and sealing steps can be performed, for example, as part
of the folding of the web or sheet into the flexible container
configuration.
FIG. 16 illustrates an embodiment of a production line 1500 for
performing a method of for forming a flexible container and in
particular a plurality of flexible containers from a web or sheet.
In embodiments utilizing one or more continuous webs, for example,
two webs, the product line 1500 can include a pair of unwind stands
1502a, 1502b for unwinding the first and second webs 1504a, 1504b,
in a controlled manner. The webs can optionally proceed through a
sealing station 1512, which can form complex non-linear seals
through two or more layers, for example, to define at least a
portion of an inner boundary of a structural support volume. The
web can then proceed to a folding station 1514 where the web is
configured into the flexible container blank. The folding station
can optionally include sealing stations within the folding station,
for example, used in a process of forming a gusset. The folding
station 1514 can be used to form one or more gussets as well as one
or more product filling ports and one or more expansion ports. The
folded web can then proceed to one or more additional sealing
stations 1532, 1534 where a perimeter seal is formed and the
package is singulated. The production line can advantageously
include at the one or more sealing stations 1532, 1534, a sealing
apparatus that can seal and cut the perimeter seal in a single unit
operation.
With a fully formed singulated flexible container blank completed,
the container can pass through a container blank processing station
1538 where each singulated container can be gripped for further
processing. The flexible container is gripped for transport at a
gripping station 1540. Next, the flexible container passes through
an opening and a filing station 1542 where a fluent product is
deposited into the product volume, for example, through a product
filling port. The flexible container can then pass through a
headspace reduction station 1544 where an external force is applied
to the flexible container. Alternatively, the headspace reduction
station 1544 can be incorporated into the filling station 1542.
Optionally, the product volume can be sealed at the headspace
reduction station 1544. The container then passes through an
expansion station 1546 where a cryogenic fluid is dispensed into
the at least one structural support volume to expand the structural
support volume. Optionally, the expansion station 1546 can be
incorporated into or disposed such that the headspace reduction
station 1544 can maintain the external force on the flexible
container during expansion of the structural support volume. The
container can then pass through a further sealing station 1548 to
seal the product volume if not previously sealed and seal the
structural support volume. The processes for filling the product
volume, reducing the headspace, and expanding the structural
support volumes are described in detail below.
The singulated flexible container blank having a product volume and
at least one structural support volume that extends at least
partially into the product volume can undergo a process for filling
the product volume and expanding the at least one structural
support volume. In one embodiment, the product volume is filled
prior to expanding the at least one structural support volume. It
has been found that filling the product volume before expansion of
the at least one structural support volume can be advantageous in
providing a simplified and more robust process for filling the
product volume and expanding the at least one structural support
volume. For example, filling the product volume before expanding
the at least one structural support volume can provide a flexible
container that is easier to grip during filling and can avoid
spillage or overfilling of the product volume with product that can
result when filling with the at least one structural support volume
expanded. Avoiding such spillage or overfilling can be advantageous
in providing a sealing region of the product volume that is free
from product. A sealing region that is contaminated with product
can be difficult to seal. However, some sealing methods, such as
ultrasonic sealing can be used to form and effective seal even with
contamination in the sealing region. It is contemplated herein that
some contamination of the sealing region may occur during the
filling process, even with the product volume being filled prior to
expansion of the at least one structural support volume. In such
instances, ultrasonic sealing may be used to seal a contaminated
seal region.
The process of filing the product volume and expanding the at least
one structural support volume generally includes filling the
product volume with product, applying an external force to the
product volume to reduce the product receiving volume, and
expanding the structural support volume. The flexible containers in
accordance with embodiments of the disclosure include a structural
support volume that at least partially extends into the product
volume. Accordingly, the available volume of the product volume
capable of receiving or containing product is reduced upon
expansion of the at least one structural support volume. The
process can include a step of applying an external force to the
product volume during filling to reduce the product receiving
volume and account for the reduction in the product receiving
volume that will result upon expansion of the structural support
volume, while considering the pressure desired within the
headspace.
The application of the external force to reduce the product
receiving volume can allows for the introduction of the product at
a lower fill height, which can then adjust a higher fill height in
a controlled manner to avoid contamination in the sealing region.
The application of the external force can also beneficially allow
for control over the desired pressure of the headspace in the
product volume while accounting for volume changes resulting from
expansion of the structural support volume.
For example, after filling of the product and expansion of the
structural support volumes, the flexible containers have a final
(third) product receiving volume. In various embodiments, the
second product receiving volume can be tailored, through the
application of the external force and reduction of the
pre-expansion headspace, to be equal to or substantially equal to
the final (third) product receiving volume. In such embodiments,
the product volume will be at atmospheric pressure after expansion
of the structural support volume. In other embodiments, the second
product receiving volume can be tailored to provide a desired
pressurized or vacuum state of the product volume after expansion
of the structural support volume. For example, if the second
product receiving volume is selected to be greater than the final
(third) product receiving volume, the product volume will be
pressurized (i.e. at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure)
after expansion of the structural support volume. If the second
product receiving volume is selected to be less than to the final
(third) product receiving volume, the product volume will be under
vacuum (i.e. at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure) after
expansion of the structural support volume.
Referring to FIGS. 17A and 17B, in an embodiment, the process for
filling the product volume and expanding the at least one
structural support volume can include filling the product volume
with a product, the product volume having a first product receiving
volume during filling, and the product being filled to a first fill
height 2012. The process can then include applying an external
force to the product volume 2014 to reduce the headspace in the
product volume and reduce the product receiving volume from the
first product receiving volume to the second product receiving
volume. If the external force is applied in a region containing the
product, the application of the external force will also result in
raising the product to a second fill height. As illustrated in
FIGS. 18A-18C, the expansion of the structural support volume 2037
causes the product receiving volume in the product volume to be
reduced from the first product receiving volume 2034 (shown in FIG.
18B) to the third product receiving volume 2035 (shown in FIG.
18C). Application of the external force prior to expansion of the
structural support volume accounts for this reduction as well as
controls the pressure of the product volume once the structural
support volume is expanded. The application of the external force
reduces in the available volume of the product volume for receiving
product causing the pre-expansion headspace to be reduced from a
first pre-expansion headspace to a second pre-expansion headspace.
Additionally, the application of the external force can in some
embodiments result in an increase in the fill height of the
product. FIG. 18A illustrates the flexible container before filling
the product volume.
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17A, the process can then
include dispensing a cryogenic fluid into the at least one
structural support volume while maintaining the external force on
the product volume 2016 to maintain the second product receiving
volume. As discussed in detail below, the cryogenic fluid provides
a residence time before completely converting to a gas to expand
the structural support volume. The product volume and the
structural support volume can then be sealed and the external force
can be released from the flexible container 2018. Upon sealing of
the product volume and the structural support volume, the
structural support volume will expand as the cryogenic fluid
converts to a gas. Upon expansion, the structural support volume
will at least partially extend into the product volume. After
expansion of the structural support volume, the product volume has
a third product receiving volume and the product has a third fill
height. Depending on the location in which the external force is
applied, the third fill height can be the same or higher than the
first fill height.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17B, the process can include
sealing the product volume before dispensing the cryogenic fluid
2024. The external force can be removed once the product volume is
sealed. The process can then include dispensing the cryogenic fluid
into the at least one structural support volume 2026 and sealing
the structural support volume 2028 to allow for expansion of the
structural support volume 2022 by conversion of the cryogenic fluid
to a gas.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the structural support
volume and optionally the product volume (as in FIG. 17A) can be
sealed during or after dispensing the cryogenic fluid. The
cryogenic fluid can advantageously provide a residence time to
allow for a delay in sealing the structural support volume and
optionally the product volume before complete conversion of the
cryogenic fluid to a gas.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the product volume
and/or the structural support volume can include a product filling
port and an expansion port, respectively. The product filling port
is in fluid communication with the product volume and the expansion
port is in fluid communication with the at least one structural
support volume. The product can be filled through the product
filling port and into the product volume. The product filling port
can provide an interface with a product filling nozzle of a product
dispenser to aid the product dispense nozzle in locating the
product volume during the filling process. The product filling port
can have a size and shape that is complementary with the size and
shape of the product filling nozzle or a guide thereon. Similarly,
the expansion port can provide an interface between the cryogenic
fluid dispensing nozzle and the at least one structural support
volume to aid the cryogenic fluid dispenser in locating the at
least one structural support volume during the expansion process.
The expansion port can have a size and shape that is complementary
with a size and shape of the cryogenic fluid dispensing nozzle or a
guide provided thereon. In an embodiment, the product filling port
and the expansion port are provided at the bottom of the container,
such that the product volume is filled from the bottom of the
container. In another embodiment, the product filling port and the
expansion port are provided at the top of the container such that
that the product volume is filled from the top of the container. In
other embodiments, the product filling port and expansion port can
be provided on opposite sides of the container. It is contemplated
herein that the product filling port and the expansion port can be
located in any portion of the container and can be on the same or
different portions of the container.
The product filling unit can be provided on a rotary system having
multiple product dispensing nozzles for filling multiple flexible
containers. In one embodiment, the apparatus for applying the
external force (also referred to herein as a volume reducer) can be
provided on the rotary system. In another embodiment, the flexible
container can pass from the rotary filling system in to an
apparatus for applying the external force.
The external force for reducing the product receiving volume after
filling can be applied by one or more volume reducers, including
but not limited to, actuating bars, moving belts, and/or stationary
rails having a reduced gap. FIG. 19 illustrates an embodiment of
the device in which an actuating bar applies the external force for
reducing the product receiving volume. In the embodiment of FIG.
19, a bar 2040 actuates against the container 2038, forcing the
container against a stationary member 2042. It is also contemplated
that the container 2038 have an external force applied to it by
actuating two bars towards each other.
The external force can also or alternatively be applied by passing
the flexible container through a gap between opposed stationary
rails. The gap between the stationary rails can reduce along the
length of the rails, such that greater and greater force is applied
to the container as the container passes along the length of the
stationary rails.
In yet another embodiment, the external force can be applied by one
or more moving belts. For example, a moving belt can be aligned
with a stationary rail such that the gap between the moving belt
and the stationary rail reduces along the length of the stationary
rail. In an embodiment, the container can be connected to the
moving belt, for example, using one or more grippers, and the
moving belt can manipulate the container down the length of the
rail. The external force can also be applied using two moving belts
having a gap that reduces along the length of the moving belt.
The external force in various embodiments can be applied in the
machine direction.
In addition to the application of an external force, a vacuum can
be applied to the product volume to remove all or a portion of the
headspace remaining in the product volume after the application of
the external force.
FIG. 19 also illustrates gripping members 2041, which grip a
portion of the container to maintain control of the container
during the formation process. In various embodiments, the flexible
container can be formed from a web of material. Prior to the
product filling process, the flexible container can be singulated
from the web such that individual flexible containers 2038 are
provided and manipulated through the remaining formation process,
including, product filling and structural support volume expansion.
The one or more grippers 2041 can be used to maintain control of
the singulated flexible container and guide the container through
the formation process. Other devices and gripping locations can
also be used.
The external force can be applied in any suitable regions of the
product volume, either where product is present or is not present.
The external force applied to the container after filling can be
about 0.01 psi to about 2 psi, about 0.05 psi to about 1.6 psi,
about 0.1 psi, to about 1.4 psi, about 0.5 psi to about 1 psi, and
about 1 psi to about 2 psi. Other suitable values include about
0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.2,
0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6,
1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2 psi and any range formed by any of the preceding
values
In various embodiments, the external force can reduce the first
product receiving volume such that the second product receiving
volume is about 1% to about 99%, about 10% to about 50%, about 20%
to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, about 25% to about 50%, and
about 15% to about 35% less than the first product receiving
volume. The second product receiving volume can be, for example,
about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24,
25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, and any
range formed by any of the preceding values, less than the first
product receiving volume.
The expansion of the structural support volume result in a third
product receiving volume that is about 10% to about 50% about 20%
to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, about 25% to about 50%, and
about 15% to about 35% less than the first product receiving
volume. The third product receiving volume can be, for example,
about 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36,
38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, and any range formed by any of the
preceding values, less than the first product receiving volume.
The second fill height of the product, which can be higher than the
first fill height of the product as a result of the application of
the external force in a region in which product is present, can be
about 1% to about 99%, about 5% to about 50% higher than the first
fill height in various embodiments. Other suitable ranges include,
about, 5% to about 45%, about 5% to about 25%, about 20% to about
40%, about 25% to about 50%, about 15% to about 35%, about 35% to
about 50%, and about 10% to about 30%. For example, the second fill
height can be about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18,
20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50%,
and any range formed by any of the preceding values higher than the
first fill height.
The external force applied to the flexible container can be
monitored during the process and optionally adjusted to account for
variations in the initial product fill and/or ensure that the
applied external force is consistently being applied to achieve the
desired second fill height in each successive container that is
processed. In some embodiments, more than one product receiving
volume reducing steps may be present, a first course adjustment,
and a second finer adjustment for example, or a first fixed force
and a second adjustable force. The external force can be monitored
for example by monitoring the first fill height and/or the second
fill height. Any devices for monitoring a fill height of the
flexible container can be used include, for example, one or more of
optical probes, ultrasonic measurement device, laser measurement
devices, and video analysis devices. Any suitable number of
monitoring devices can be used. The one or more measurement devices
can be a part of a separate apparatus or can be incorporated into
the apparatus for applying the external force. One or more control
systems can be incorporated to provide a feedback loop by which the
external force can be adjusted if a variation of the fill height is
detected by the one or more measurement devices.
As discussed above, the at least one structural support volume can
be expanded by dispensing a cryogenic fluid into the at least one
structural support volume. The cryogenic fluid evaporates to a gas
after dispensing. The at least one structural support volume is
sealed before complete conversion of the cryogenic fluid such that
the gas entrapped upon sealing the at least one structural support
volume expands the structural support volume. The pressure of the
at least one structural support volume can be controlled by
controlling the amount of cryogenic fluid dispensed into the
structural support volume and the amount of time between dispensing
the cryogenic fluid and sealing the structural support volume. The
structural support volume can be pressurized to a gauge pressure,
for example, of about 1 psi to 30 psi, about 2 psi to about 20 psi,
about 5 psi to about 15 psi, about 7 psi to about 18 psi, and about
3 psi to about 12 psi. Other suitable gauge pressures include about
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28,
30 psi and any range formed by any of the preceding values.
The use of a cryogenic fluid advantageously allows for a residence
time of the cryogenic fluid in the structural support volume before
the structural support volume is expanded by the conversion of the
cryogenic fluid to a gas. This can allow for sealing of the
structural support volume in an unexpanded or substantially
unexpanded state, which in turn can facilitate in forming a
stronger seal and/or a smaller seam. Any suitable cryogenic fluid
can be used, including for example, liquid nitrogen, liquid carbon
dioxide, liquid helium, liquid argon, and combinations thereof. In
various embodiments, a cryogenic solid can be dispensed, such as
dry ice in pellet form, crushed form (e.g., a flowable powder), or
any other form. For ease of reference, the following description
will refer to the dispensing of a cryogenic fluid, however, it
should be understood that a cryogenic solid can also or
alternatively be dispensed.
The structural support volume and optionally the product volume (as
in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17A) can be sealed after
dispensing of the cryogenic fluid. For example, the structural
support volume can be sealed about 0.1 s to about 60 s, about 0.1 s
to about 1 s, about 0.5 s to about 40 s, about 1 s to about 10 s,
about 10 s to about 60 s, about 0.5 s to about 15 s, about 2 s to
about 35 s, about 25 s to about 60 s, and about 5 s to about 45 s
after dispensing the cryogenic fluid. Other suitable times include,
for example, about 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60
and any range formed by any of the preceding values. In various
embodiments, the structural support volume can be sealed while the
dispensing nozzle or guide is engaged with the structural support
volume and/or an expansion port. In various embodiments, the
process for filling multiple structural support volumes in separate
dispensing steps can include dispensing the cryogenic fluid into a
first structural support volume and then dispensing the cryogenic
fluid into a second structural support volume. The step of
dispensing the cryogenic fluid into the second structural support
volume can be performed, in some embodiments, at the same or
substantially the same time as sealing the first structural support
volume and/or at the same or substantially the same time as
expansion of the first structural support volume.
The cryogenic fluid can be dispensed from a cryogenic fluid source
through a nozzle. A system for expansion of the at least one
structural support volume can include a plurality of cryogenic
fluid dispensing nozzles disposed on a rotary die and supplied from
one or more sources of cryogenic fluid.
FIGS. 20A and 20B illustrate an embodiment of an integrated nozzle
assembly for dispensing the cryogenic fluid. The integrated nozzle
assembly 2043 includes a nozzle 2044 through which the cryogenic
fluid is dispensed. The assembly 2043 also includes a guide 2046
having an aperture through which the nozzle 2044 passes. The nozzle
2044 is adapted to actuate from a non-dispensing position in which
a tip 2048 of the nozzle is disposed within the guide 2046 to a
dispensing position in which the tip 2048 is extended from the
guide 2046. The nozzle 2044 can actuate such that at least the tip
2048 is disposed within the structural support volume when in the
dispensing position. Dispensing the cryogenic fluid while the tip
is disposed within the structural support volume can reduce the
total distance the cryogenic fluid travels inside the structural
support volume can improve the efficiency of the process, for
example, by reducing an amount of the cryogenic fluids that is lost
through early conversion to a gas prior to sealing of the
structural support volume. The nozzle 2044 can extend, for example,
about 1 mm to about 25 mm, about 5 mm to about 20 mm, about 10 mm
to about 15 mm, about 3 mm to about 10 mm, about 5 mm to about 15
mm, or about 12 mm to about 25 mm into the structural support
volume. Other suitable distances include about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,
25 mm, and any range formed by any of the preceding values. In
embodiments in which the flexible container includes an expansion
port in fluid communication with the structural support volume, the
nozzle can extend through the expansion port and into the
structural support volume a distance. In such embodiments, the
values listed above for the distance at which the nozzle 2044 can
extended into the structural support volume can be measured from an
interface between the expansion portion and the structural support
volume. It is also contemplated herein that the nozzle 2044 can
dispense from a distance away from the structural support volume.
For example, the nozzle 2044 can be extended into an expansion
port, but not into the structural support volume.
In various embodiments, the nozzle assembly includes the guide
2046. The guide 2046 can engage a portion of the structural support
volume. Alternatively, where the flexible container includes an
expansion port, the guide 2046 can engage the expansion port 2050,
for example, as shown in FIG. 21. FIG. 21 illustrates the nozzle in
the non-dispensing position. The guide 2046 can include a portion
having a size and a shape that is complimentary to at least a
portion of the expansion port 2050 to facilitate locating the
expansion port 2050 while the containers are being process. The
guide 2046 by engaging with the expansion portion 2050 can
facilitate consistency of the nozzle location during dispensing as
successive containers are processed through the cryogenic fluid
dispensing step. For example, in one embodiment, the guide 2046 can
have a portion having a frusto-conical shape and at least a portion
of the expansion port can have a similar shape and be sized such
that the guide 2046 can be received within the expansion port 2050.
For example, the guide 2046 and the expansion port 2050 can be
sized such that opposed walls of the expansion port 2050 contact
the guide 2046.
The guide 2046 can also include one or more apertures through which
air or compressed gas can be passed. When the guide 2046 is engaged
with the expansion port or other portion of the structural support
volume, a gas can be passed through the one or more apertures to
pre-expand the structural support volume and separate the walls for
receiving the cryogenic fluid. Separation of the walls can aid in
dispensing the cryogenic fluid into the structural support volume
such that the cryogenic fluid travels to a bottom portion of the
structural support volume without contacting or substantially
without contacting the side walls. Contact with the sidewalls can
result in earlier conversion of the cryogenic fluid to a gas, which
can be disadvantageous if a delay is needed for the sealing
process, and/or require increased amounts of cryogenic fluid to be
dispensed to account for the loss of the cryogenic fluid before
sealing.
The walls of the structural support volume can also or
alternatively be separated using mechanical grippers or application
of a suction or vacuum force to the opposed walls.
The guide 2046 can also be controllably heated such that the nozzle
is maintained at a constant temperature. Such heating can
facilitate in preventing frost and water condensation from the air
on the nozzle, which may lead to contamination of the container.
The guide 2046 can be heated to a temperature of about 100.degree.
C. to about 170.degree. C., about 110.degree. C. to about
160.degree. C., about 115.degree. C. to about 145.degree. C., about
120.degree. C. to about 170.degree. C., about 130.degree. C. to
about 180.degree. C., and about 125.degree. C. to about 155.degree.
C. Other suitable temperatures include, for example, about 100,
102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126,
128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, 152,
154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170, and any range formed
by any of the preceding values.
Sealing the product volume and/or the structural support volume
whether at the same time or at different times can be performed
using any known sealing methods, including, for example, heat
sealing, laser sealing, ultrasonic sealing, and impulse sealing. In
various embodiments in which a seal region of the product volume
and/or the structural support volume can be contaminated with
product or other contaminate, the seal can be formed by ultrasonic
sealing.
In various embodiments, the sealed region can also be cut. Sealing
and cutting can occur in a single unit operation or in serial
operations. For example, in one embodiment, the flexible container
can include a product filling port, a seal can be formed at an
interface between the product filling port and the product volume
and a portion of the seal can be cut to remove the product filling
port. Such sealing and cutting can occur, for example, in a single
unit operation. In an embodiment, the flexible contain can include
an expansion port in fluid communication with the at least one
structural support volume and sealing can include forming a seal at
an interface between the expansion port and the structural support
volume and a portion of the seal can be cut to remove the expansion
port. Such sealing and cutting can occur, for example, in a single
unit operation.
While the foregoing generally describes the process of filling the
product volume in a single fill process, it is also contemplated
herein that the flexible container can include multiple product
volumes, and each can be filled with a different product. Filling
can be completed in a substantially simultaneous or serial
manner.
Additionally, it is contemplated herein that a flexible container
can include multiple structural support volumes that are not in
fluid communication. In such embodiments, the flexible container
can include multiple openings and/or expansion ports through which
the cryogenic fluid can be disposed into the separated structural
support volumes. The cryogenic fluid dispensing process can occur
substantially simultaneously or in a serial manner.
In accordance with embodiments of the disclosure, the method of
filling the product volume and/or expanding the structural support
volume can be performed in a continuous operation, wherein flexible
containers are moved through the filling and expansion processes at
a substantially constant rate. In accordance with other embodiments
of the disclosure, the method of filling the product volume and/or
expanding the structural support volume can be performed in an
indexed operation, in which the flexible container blank is stopped
for a period of time during the process. For example, the flexible
container blank can be stopped for about 0.01 to about 10 seconds,
about 0.05 seconds to about 0.1 seconds, about 0.5 seconds to about
3 seconds, about 0.1 seconds to about 3 seconds, about 0.5 seconds
to about 2 seconds, about 0.1 seconds to about 1 second, about 1
second to about 3 seconds, about 1 second to about 10 seconds,
about 4 seconds to about 8 seconds, about 0.8 seconds to about 2.5
seconds, or about 0.25 seconds to about 0.7 seconds. Other suitable
times include about 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,
1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4,
2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8,
8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, seconds, and any range formed by any of the
preceding values. In accordance with other embodiments of the
disclosure, the method of filling the product volume and/or
expanding the structural support volume can be performed in a
non-continuous process, such as manually on individual unit
operations.
Part, parts, or all of any of the embodiments disclosed herein can
be combined with part, parts, or all of other embodiments known in
the art of flexible containers, including those described
below.
Embodiments of the present disclosure can use any and all
embodiments of materials, structures, and/or features for flexible
containers, as well as any and all methods of making and/or using
such flexible containers, as disclosed in the following patent
applications: U.S. non-provisional patent application Ser. No.
13/888,679 filed May 7, 2013, entitled "Flexible Containers"
(applicant's case 12464M); U.S. non-provisional patent application
Ser. No. 13/888,721 filed May 7, 2013, entitled "Flexible
Containers" (applicant's case 12464M2); U.S. non-provisional patent
application Ser. No. 13/888,963 filed May 7, 2013, entitled
"Flexible Containers" (applicant's case 12465M); U.S.
non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/888,756 filed May 7,
2013, entitled "Flexible Containers Having a Decoration Panel"
(applicant's case 12559M); U.S. non-provisional patent application
Ser. No. 13/957,158 filed Aug. 1, 2013, entitled "Methods of Making
Flexible Containers" (applicant's case 12579M); U.S.
non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/957,187 filed Aug.
1, 2013, entitled "Containers Made from Flexible Material"
(applicant's case 12579M); U.S. non-provisional patent application
Ser. No. 13/889,000 filed May 7, 2013, entitled "Flexible
Containers with Multiple Product Volumes" (applicant's case
12785M); U.S. non-provisional patent application Ser. No.
13/889,061 filed May 7, 2013, entitled "Flexible Materials for
Flexible Containers" (applicant's case 12786M); U.S.
non-provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/889,090 filed May 7,
2013, entitled "Flexible Materials for Flexible Containers"
(applicant's case 12786M2); U.S. provisional patent application
61/861,100 filed Aug. 1, 2013, entitled "Disposable Flexible
Containers having Surface Elements" (applicant's case 13016P); U.S.
provisional patent application 61/861,106 filed Aug. 1, 2013,
entitled "Flexible Containers having Improved Seam and Methods of
Making the Same" (applicant's case 13017P); U.S. provisional patent
application 61/861,118 filed Aug. 1, 2013, entitled "Method of
Forming a Flexible Container" (applicant's case 13018P); U.S.
provisional patent application 61/861,129 filed Aug. 1, 2013,
entitled "Enhancements to Tactile Interaction with Film Walled
Packaging Having Air Filled Structural Support Volumes"
(applicant's case 13019P); PCT international patent application
CN2013/085045 filed Oct. 11, 2013, entitled "Flexible Containers
Having a Squeeze Panel" (applicant's case 13036); PCT international
patent application CN2013/085065 filed Oct. 11, 2013, entitled
"Stable Flexible Containers" (applicant's case 13037); each of
which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Embodiments of the present disclosure can use any and all
embodiments of materials, structures, and/or features for flexible
containers, as well as any and all methods of making and/or using
such flexible containers, as disclosed in the following patent
documents: Japanese patent application 2008JP-0024845 filed Feb. 5,
2008, entitled "Self-standing Bag" in the name of Shinya, laid open
as publication JP2009184690; U.S. patent application Ser. No.
10/312,176 filed Apr. 19, 2002, entitled "Container" in the name of
Rosen, published as US2004035865; U.S. Pat. No. 7,585,528 filed
Dec. 16, 2002, entitled "Package having an inflated frame" in the
name of Ferri, et al., granted on Sep. 8, 2009; U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 12/794,286 filed Jun. 4, 2010, entitled
"Flexible to Rigid Packaging Article and Method of Use and
Manufacture" in the name of Helou, published as US20100308062; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,244,466 filed Jul. 8, 1997, entitled "Packaging
Container and a Method of its Manufacture" in the name of Naslund,
granted Jun. 12, 2001; U.S. nonprovisional patent application Ser.
No. 13/379,655 filed Jun. 21, 2010, entitled "Collapsible Bottle,
Method Of Manufacturing a Blank For Such Bottle and Beverage-Filled
Bottle Dispensing System" in the name of Reidl, published as
US2012/0097634; U.S. Pat. No. 5,960,975 filed Mar. 19, 1997,
entitled "Packaging material web for a self-supporting packaging
container wall, and packaging containers made from the web" in the
name of Lennartsson, granted Oct. 5, 1999; and PCT international
patent application WO 96/01775 filed Jul. 5, 1995, entitled
"Packaging Pouch with Stiffening Air Channels" in the name of
Prats; each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Part, parts, or all of any of the embodiments disclosed herein also
can be combined with part, parts, or all of other embodiments known
in the art of containers for fluent products, so long as those
embodiments can be applied to flexible containers, as disclosed
herein. For example, in various embodiments, a flexible container
can include a vertically oriented transparent strip, disposed on a
portion of the container that overlays the product volume, and
configured to show the level of the fluent product in the product
volume.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood
as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited.
Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is
intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".
Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or
related patent or patent publication, is hereby incorporated herein
by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise
limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it
is prior art with respect to any document disclosed or claimed
herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other
reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such
embodiment. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition
of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition
of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the
meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall
govern.
While particular embodiments have been illustrated and described
herein, it should be understood that various other changes and
modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and
scope of the claimed subject matter. Moreover, although various
aspects of the claimed subject matter have been described herein,
such aspects need not be utilized in combination. It is therefore
intended that the appended claims cover all such changes and
modifications that are within the scope of the claimed subject
matter.
* * * * *