U.S. patent application number 17/473853 was filed with the patent office on 2021-12-30 for method and system of controlling access to access points.
The applicant listed for this patent is Daren Hoeffner, Robert McDaniel, Jeff Santeramo. Invention is credited to Daren Hoeffner, Robert McDaniel, Jeff Santeramo.
Application Number | 20210409653 17/473853 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005836530 |
Filed Date | 2021-12-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210409653 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hoeffner; Daren ; et
al. |
December 30, 2021 |
METHOD AND SYSTEM OF CONTROLLING ACCESS TO ACCESS POINTS
Abstract
A method and system for controlling access to access points of
an establishments are described. A call may be initiated from an
access box to a smart devices thereby activating the smart device
to stream video via the Internet from a IP camera located at the
access point. An end user of the smart device may communicate with
and control access to the access point using the smart device.
Inventors: |
Hoeffner; Daren; (Suwanee,
GA) ; Santeramo; Jeff; (Chester, GA) ;
McDaniel; Robert; (Hoschton, GA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Hoeffner; Daren
Santeramo; Jeff
McDaniel; Robert |
Suwanee
Chester
Hoschton |
GA
GA
GA |
US
US
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005836530 |
Appl. No.: |
17/473853 |
Filed: |
September 13, 2021 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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15107551 |
Jun 23, 2016 |
11122241 |
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PCT/US2014/069137 |
Dec 8, 2014 |
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17473853 |
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61920663 |
Dec 24, 2013 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04N 21/64322 20130101;
H04N 21/237 20130101; H04N 7/183 20130101; G07C 9/37 20200101; H04N
7/186 20130101; H04N 21/4126 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H04N 7/18 20060101
H04N007/18; G07C 9/37 20060101 G07C009/37; H04N 21/237 20060101
H04N021/237; H04N 21/41 20060101 H04N021/41; H04N 21/643 20060101
H04N021/643 |
Claims
1. A communication network-based method of controlling access to
access points at a multi-unit structure, comprising: initiating a
call by a guest through a first access box at a first access point,
wherein the first access box connects to a specific end user from a
plurality of end users using identifying information, a guest
enters a specific end user's identifying information into the first
access box to identify the specific end user from the plurality of
end users; credentialing the specific end user from the plurality
of end users based on coding information entered into the first
access box by the guest; activating a Smart device connected with
the specific end user at a second position with the call, wherein
the Smart device is incapable of establishing communication with
the first access box prior to receiving the call; streaming video
from an IP camera at the first access point to the Smart device via
the Internet; and allowing the specific end user at the second
position to verify or communicate with the guest using the Smart
device, and optionally unlocking the first access point to allow
the guest to proceed from the first access point.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to building security and,
more particularly, to methods and systems for controlling access to
establishment access points.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Traditional security measures for buildings, including both
residential and commercial, typically include an access request box
located at an entry point into the building and an access granting
box located within a section of the building. However, these
traditional methods generally only provide for voice verification
of the guest requesting entrance and the access granting box is
typically statically located in a single area of the building.
Thus, there is always a need for security systems and methods that
allow for verification means other than or in conjunction with
voice verification, as well as access granting apparatuses that do
not need to be statically located at a single location.
SUMMARY
[0003] In an aspect of this disclosure, a method for controlling
access to access points may include initiating a call by a guest
through a first access box at a first access point, activating a
smart device at a second position with the call, streaming video
from an IP camera at the first access point to the smart device via
the Internet, and allowing an end user at the second position to
verify or communicate with the gust using the smart device. The end
user may also unlock the first access point to allow the guest to
proceed through the first access point. In an embodiment, the
method may further include credentialing the end user. In yet
another embodiment, the end user may having identifying information
that is matched with a directory connected with the first access
box. The first access box may have a phone number. According to
multiple embodiments, the first access box may call the smart
device and route calls to the smart device through a third party
line.
[0004] In a further embodiment, an application on the smart device
may be activated by caller identification information specific to
the first access box. In yet another embodiment, a third party may
enter the end user's identifying information into the directory
connected with the first access box. According to an additional
embodiment, the method may further include allowing the end user to
download an application compatible with the smart device. According
to an illustrative embodiment, the smart device may be connected to
the IP camera via an accessed IP address via the Internet. In yet a
further embodiment, the method may include initiating a call by the
guest through a second access box and a third access box. The
second and third access boxes may have respective second and third
access points.
[0005] In an embodiment, the method may also include synchronizing
an application on the smart device and a directory including the
end user's identifying information via a code entered into the
smart device. The code may incorporate credentialing information
that connects the first access point and the smart device. In
another embodiment, the smart device is a smartphone, computer,
tablet, or set-top box. According to multiple embodiments, the
method may include assigning the IP camera to the first access box
using, for example, the Internet. In further embodiments, the
method may also include placing a second access box at a second
access point and a third access box at a third access point.
[0006] In an embodiment, the first access box may be in
communication with a phone line that has a phone number. According
to various embodiments, the first access point may be at a border
of a building, such as an office, house, apartment, loft,
condominium, or townhouse, and the first access point may be at a
border of a building, such as an elevator, gate, or door, for
example. In another embodiment, an application on the smart device
may identify the first access box from the phone number. In an
additional embodiment, the method may further include launching an
application on the smart device from the call from the first access
box. In an illustrative embodiment, the video may be streamed
worldwide. According to various embodiments, the end user may
verify the guest by entering authorization information into the
smart device and the smart device may receive a constant stream of
video images from the IP camera, which is stored in a temporary
memory. In an embodiment, the call from the first access box may
activate an application on the smart device thereby causing the
video to be displayed on the smart device's interface. In another
embodiment, the first access box may identify the first access
point by a telephone number connected to the first access point. In
yet another embodiment, the video may be received by the smart
device via a communication path, including the Internet.
[0007] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a system for
controlling access to access points may comprise a first access box
at a first access point at a first location that allows a call to
be placed by a guest, an Internet access port from an IP camera to
a smart device that acquires video data from the IP camera and
allows communication between the smart device and the first access
box, and an application on the smart device that enables the smart
device to acquire video data from the IP camera upon receiving the
call from the first access box. In an embodiment, the IP camera may
comprise a camera and an encoder. In another embodiment, the smart
device may be configured to identify the first location upon
receipt of the call from the first access box. According to various
embodiments, the Internet access port may comprise a wireless
transceiver or a wired transceiver. In various embodiments, the
system may further including a plurality of IP cameras and a
plurality of access boxes. In yet another embodiment, the smart
device may be a smartphone or set-top box.
[0008] Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure
are described below. This disclosure may be readily utilized as a
basis for modifying or designing other structures, systems, and
processes for carrying out the same purposes of the present
disclosure. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art
that such equivalent implementations do not depart from the
teachings of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.
The novel features, which are believed to be characteristic of the
disclosure, both as to its organization and method of operation,
together with further objects and advantages, will be better
understood from the following description when considered in
connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly
understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the
purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as
a definition of the limits of the present disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] The particular features and advantages of this disclosure
will be apparent from the detailed description set forth below in
conjunction with the drawings in which like reference characters
identify corresponding aspects throughout.
[0010] FIG. 1A is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for
controlling access to access points according to aspects of the
present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 1B is a process flow diagram illustrating a method for
controlling access to access points according to aspects of the
present disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a conceptual block diagram illustrating a general
example of a system for controlling access to access points
according to aspects of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The detailed description set forth herein makes reference to
the accompanying drawings, which show various aspects of the
present disclosure by way of illustration. While these various
aspects are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled
in the art to practice the disclosure, it should be understood that
other embodiments and implementations may be realized and that
logical and mechanical changes may be made without departing from
the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the detailed description herein
is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of
limitation. For example, the steps recited in any of the method or
process descriptions may be executed in any order and are not
limited to the order presented. Moreover, references to a singular
embodiment may include plural embodiments, and references to more
than one component may include a singular embodiment, for
example.
[0014] According to aspects of the present disclosure, a smart
device may have an application downloaded thereon that integrates
IP-CCTV and Telephone Entry for visual telephone entry capabilities
and end user control of at least one access point. For purposes of
this disclosure, "smart device" may include a smart phone, tablet,
personal computer, set-top box, or any other device having the
properties and capable of performing the functions herein
described. The application may be compatible with various
platforms, such as Google Android, Apple OS, Apple iOS, and
Windows, for example. The application may provide an end user with
a live feed from a camera, such as an Internet Protocol (IP)
camera, located at an access point of an establishment, for
example. For purposes of this disclosure, "establishment" may
include a commercial establishment such as an office, as well as a
non-commercial establishment such as a single family or
multi-family residence such as a house, apartment, loft,
condominium, or townhouse, for example.
[0015] In embodiments where the smart device utilizes a Google
Android operating system, the application may be a "listen-in"
style that runs in the background of the smart device until the
application is woken up to the foreground of the smart device upon
receipt of an incoming telephone call from the access box. In
embodiments where the smart device utilizes an Apple operating
system, such as iOS or OS, use Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP)
capabilities that result in the incoming call from the access box
producing a push notification (or pop-up) on the smart device,
which activates the application upon the end user accepting the
incoming call.
[0016] According to multiple embodiments, regardless of the
operating system that the smart device utilizes, the application
may limit the end user to minimal or no substantive access to the
application until the smart device receives a call from an access
box. This can prevent stalkers or hackers from viewing an IP camera
feed at an access point unnecessarily or without permission. One
embodiment includes a communication network-based method of
controlling access to access points, comprising: initiating a call
by a guest through a first access box at a first access point;
activating a smart device at a second position with the call;
streaming video from an IP camera at the first access point to the
smart device via the Internet; and allowing an end user at the
second position to verify or communicate with the guest using the
smart device, and optionally unlocking the first access point to
allow the guest to proceed through the first access point.
Additionally, the IP camera's IP address may be hidden in the
application to prevent unauthorized use from a personal
computer.
[0017] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a method
100 for controlling access to access points using a communication
network is described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. At block
102 an end user is permitted to download an application to a smart
device. The smart device may include any operating system capable
of downloading and using an application, such as Google Android,
Apple iOS, Apple OS, and Windows, for example. The downloaded
application may be synchronized to a database via a code entered
into the smart device. In an embodiment, downloading of the
application may requires use of an establishment's website that
utilizes a username and password given to the end user from the
establishment's staff to prevent unauthorized use of the
application. In yet another embodiment, downloading of the
application from a particular establishment's website may be
limited to one download per end user, or one download per smart
device of the end user.
[0018] At block 104 the end user is credentialed (i.e., downloading
of the application may require verification of various
credentials). Accordingly, the application may be configured to
lack functionality upon being downloaded by the end user.
Credentialing the end user may include synchronizing/configuring
the application to information contained in a credentialing
authority/database. The credentialing authority/database may be a
secure server and may include information specific to the
establishment whose website the application was downloaded from,
such as the establishment's name, an establishment photo thumbnail,
telephone-entry system phone number(s) specific to each access
point of the establishment, and IP address information for CCTV
video feeds, for example. The telephone-entry system may have a
single phone number used for every access box/point of the
establishment or may have a single phone number used for each
access box/point of the establishment. Further, The same IP address
information may be used for each CCTV video feed at each access
point or different IP address information may be used for each CCTV
video feed at each access point. Credentialing of the end user may
include submitting a password or code, specific to the
establishment, to the credentialing authority. In an embodiment, a
single password may be used synchronize the application with all of
the access points of the establishment, or synchronization of each
access point of the establishment may require a different
password.
[0019] According to various embodiments, credentialing of the end
user may include an establishment able to provision usage of the
application using a one-time software license and a web-based
administration and provisioning system. The provisioning system may
enable establishments, resellers, and installation engineers to
self-service a new establishment in the provision system by
inputting a valid sing-use license key, as well as configuration
data for the unique establishment including, for example,
establishment name, establishment thumbnail, establishment
telephone-entry system phone number, and IP address information for
CCTV video feeds. The self-service provisioning site may generate a
unique establishment password/code ID that the site communicates to
the end users who download the application. The unique
establishment password/code ID may unlock the actual tele-entry
application functionality for that particular establishment.
[0020] At block 106 a camera, such as an Internet Protocol (IP)
camera, may be assigned to an access box located at an access
point. Such assignment of the IP camera to the access box may be
performed using a variety of communications channels, such as the
Internet, for example. In an embodiment, a separate access box is
placed at a separate access point and a separate IP camera may be
assigned to the separate access box. It should be appreciated that
an establishment may contain as many access boxes are there are
access points, and also may contain as many IP cameras as there are
access boxes. An access point may be located at a border of the
establishment and may include, for example, an elevator, door,
gate, or window. Further, it should also be appreciated that the
establishment may be a commercial establishment such as an office,
as well as a non-commercial establishment such as a single family
or multi-family residence such as a house, apartment, loft,
condominium, or townhouse, for example.
[0021] At block 108 a guest may initiate a call from an access box
at an access point. In an embodiment, the access box may include
one or more terminals, one of which includes identifying
information about the end user, such as the end user's name, title,
phone number, or address, for example. The one or more terminals
may be linked to a directory/database that may include, for
example, phone numbers that correspond to the terminal and its
associated end user. In another embodiment, the access box calls an
end user's smart device whose phone number is linked to the
terminal that was accessed at the access box. In an embodiment, the
access box may route the call to the end user's smart device using
a third-party line.
[0022] In an embodiment, all of the access boxes of an
establishment may use a single phone number when calling smart
devices. According to another embodiment, each access box of an
establishment may initiate a call to a smart device using a
different phone number.
[0023] At block 110 the application on the smart device called by
the access box of block 108 may be activated/launched upon
receiving the call. Such activation may occur at a position distant
from the location of the access box from which the guest is
requesting entrance. According to an embodiment, the application is
activated the smart device receives caller identification
information, such as a phone number, specific to an access box that
was synched/credentialed at block 104. According to various
embodiments, the application may run in the background on the smart
device until an access box synchronized to the application calls
the smart device. The application may recognize the phone number
affiliated with the access box via a caller ID. Upon recognizing
the phone number, the application may cause the smart device's
interface to include "don't answer" and "answer" icons. Upon
activating the "don't answer" icon, such as by physical contact
with the smart device's interface, audio communication, or movement
of the smart device, the application may immediately close and
hibernate, thereafter running in the background of the smart device
and rejecting the call from the access box (resulting in access to
the establishment being denied). Upon activating the "answer" icon,
such as by physical contact with the smart device's interface,
audio communication, or movement of the smart device, the
application may activate the smart device's speaker mode.
[0024] In conjunction with the smart device's speaker mode being
activated, video is transmitted/streamed from the IP camera
affiliated with the access box that called the smart device to the
smart device, illustrated as block 112. In an embodiment, the smart
device may be connected to the IP camera via an accessed IP address
and may thereby receive the video via the Internet. In an
embodiment, the video may be streamed across various geographic
parameters such as statewide, countrywide, or worldwide, for
example, depending on where the smart device is located in relation
to the access box at the time the access box calls the smart
device.
[0025] According to an embodiment, the smart device may receive a
constant steam of video images from the IP camera and may store the
images in a temporary memory located on the smart device or an
external memory device. In a further embodiment, the smart device
may only receive a video stream from an IP camera upon the access
box affiliated with the IP camera calling the smart device.
Additionally, along with the video stream, a logo for the
establishment where the access point is located, as well as
"answer" and "don't answer" icons may be displayed on the smart
devices interface.
[0026] At block 114 the end user may interact, using the smart
device, with the access box and/or access point where the guest is
requesting entrance. Such interaction may include the end user
verifying the and/or communicating with the guest. As illustration,
the end user may communicate with the guest via two-way voice
capabilities, such as microphones and speakers located in the smart
device and access box, for example. In an embodiment, the end user
may unlock the access point affiliated with the access box to allow
the guest entrance into the establishment.
[0027] In an embodiment, the application may cause the smart
device's interface to display "reject" and "unlock" icons while the
video stream from the IP camera is displayed on the smart device's
interface. Upon activating the "reject" icon, such as by physical
contact with the smart device's interface, audio communication, or
movement of the smart device, the application may immediately close
and hibernate, thereafter running in the background of the smart
device and rejecting the access to the establishment. Upon
activating the "unlock" icon, such as by physical contact with the
smart device's interface, audio communication, or movement of the
smart device, a second "unlock" icon may appear in a different
location on the smart device's interface to prevent accidental
unlocking of the access point. Upon activating the second "unlock"
icon, the application may transmit a signal, for example a DTMF9
signal, to unlock the access point. In an embodiment, unlocking of
the access point may further include the end user entering
authorization information into the smart device, such as an
authorization code or password. Upon the signal being sent to the
access point, the application may automatically disconnect and
hibernate, thereafter running in the background of the smart
device.
[0028] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a
system 200 for controlling access to access points is described
with reference to FIG. 2. The system 200 may include an access box
202, an IP camera 204, a network 206, a smart device 208, and an
application 210.
[0029] The access box 202 may be located at an access point of an
establishment and may be capable of allowing a guest to place a
call to a smart device 208. The call may be communicated from the
access box 202 to the smart device 208 through a network 206 such
as, for example, the Internet. It should be appreciated that the
system 200 may include multiple access boxes 202, each being
located at a different access point of the establishment. Each
access box 202 and corresponding access point may be located at a
border of the establishment, such as an elevator, door, gate, or
window. It should also be appreciated that an establishment may
include a commercial establishment such as an office, as well as a
non-commercial establishment such as a single family or
multi-family residence such as a house, apartment, loft,
condominium, or townhouse, for example.
[0030] The IP camera 204 may be located at the access box that is
transmitting a call to the smart device 208. The IP camera 204 may
comprise a camera and an encoder. Further, the IP camera 204 may be
capable of gathering and streaming video from the access point
affiliated with the access box. In an embodiment, the system 200
may include multiple IP cameras 204, each being located at a
different access box of the establishment. According to another
embodiment, multiple IP cameras 204 may be located at each access
point of the establishment.
[0031] The network 206 may be in wireless or Bluetooth
communication with the access box 202, the IP camera 204, and the
smart device 208. In an embodiment, the network may be the
Internet. In another embodiment, the network may contain a virtual
Internet access port that links the IP camera 204 to the smart
device 208. According to multiple embodiments, the virtual Internet
port may include a wireless or wired transceiver.
[0032] The smart device 208 may be a device such as a smart phone,
tablet, personal computer, set-top box, or any other device having
the properties and capable of performing the functions herein
described. The smart device 208 may be configured to acquire video
data from the IP camera 204 via the network 206. The smart device
208 may further be configured to transmit a first audio to the
access box 202 and receive a second audio from the access box 202.
In an embodiment, the smart device 208 may be configured to
identify the access point where the guest is requesting entrance
upon receipt of a call from the access box 202.
[0033] An illustrative smart device 208 may include a processor 212
in communication with a variety of other components over a system
bus 214 or through a direct connection. These other components may
include, by way of example, a network interface 216, an input
device interface 218, an output interface 220, and a memory 222. As
appreciated by those skilled in the art, the network interface 216
enables the smart device 208 to communicate data, control messages,
data requests, and other information with other resources including
computers, data sources, storage devices, the access box 202, the
IP camera 204, and the like, on the network 206, such as the
Internet. The network interface 216 may be configured to
communicate via wired or wireless connections. As one skilled in
the art will appreciate, the smart device 208 may obtain content,
such as streamed audio and/or video from the access box 202 and/or
the IP camera 204 via the network 206. The smart device 208 may
also save the content to a networked location or send it to another
device on the network 206, for example.
[0034] The input device interface 218, sometimes also embodied as
an input/output interface, enables the smart device 208 to obtain
data input from a variety of devices including, but not limited to,
a microphone, a digital pen, a touch screen, a keyboard, a mouse, a
scanner, and the like. In addition to the exemplary components
described above, an output interface 220 may be used for outputting
information such as audio signals or display information. Audio
signals may be output to other user devices, for example. Display
information may be output by the output interface 220 via a display
device (e.g., a monitor or similar device, not shown), for example.
Audio output may also be output by the output interface 220 through
an audio device such as a speaker, for example. An audio input
device, such as a microphone, may also input audio to the smart
device 208. Of course, while not shown, one skilled in the art will
appreciate that one or more speakers and/or audio input devices,
may be incorporated as integral elements within a smart device 208
or may be separate therefrom.
[0035] The processor 212 may be configured to operate in accordance
with programming instructions stored in a memory 222. The memory
222 generally comprises RAM, ROM, and/or other memory. Thus, in
addition to storage in read/write memory (RAM), programming
instructions may also be embodied in read-only format, such as
those found in ROM or other permanent memory. The memory 222 may
store an operating system 224 for controlling the operation of the
smart device 208. The operating system 224 may be a general purpose
operating system such as a Microsoft Windows operating system, a
UNIX operating system, a Linux operating system, a Google Android
operating system, an Apple OS operating system, an Apple iOS
operating system, or an operating system specifically written for
and tailored to the smart device 208. Similarly, the memory 222 may
also store user-executable applications 210, or programs, for
conducting various functions on the smart device 208. For example,
the application 210 in the memory 222 may be configured according
to aspects of the present disclosure to control access to access
points.
[0036] The application 210 may be located on the smart device 208.
The application 210 may be compatible with various platforms, such
as Google Android, Apple iOS, Apple OS, and Windows, for example.
Additionally, the application 210 may enable the smart device 208
to acquire video from the IP camera 204 upon a call being initiated
from the access box 202. According to various embodiments, the end
user, by using the application 210, may view the entrance requestor
via the IP camera 204 video feed. The application 210 may also
enable the end user to activate an on-screen icon to answer the
call initiated from the access box 202, as well as speak to the
guest requesting entrance. If the end user accepts the request for
entrance, the end user may activate an on-screen "unlock" icon that
transmits a signal, for example a DTMF9 signal, to unlock the
access point.
[0037] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein
with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present
disclosure should not be construed as limited to the embodiments
set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that
this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully
convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the
art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used
herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one
or more of the associated listed items and may be abbreviated as
"/".
[0038] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of
the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a,"
"an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well,
unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further
understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "having,"
"includes," "including," and/or variations thereof, when used in
this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps,
operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the
presence or addition of one or more other features, steps,
operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
[0039] It should be understood that when an element is referred to
as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element (or variations
thereof), it can be directly connected or coupled to the other
element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when
an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or
"directly coupled" to another element (or variations thereof),
there are no intervening elements present.
[0040] It will be understood that, although the terms first,
second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements and/or
components, these elements and/or components should not be limited
by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one
element and/or component from another element and/or component.
Thus, a first element or component discussed below could be termed
a second element or component without departing from the teaching
of the present disclosure.
[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and
scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
present disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that
terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should
be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their
meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present
disclosure, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly
formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
[0042] Although the present disclosure has been described in
connection with the embodiments of the present disclosure
illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is not limited
thereto. The above-disclosed subject matter is to be considered
illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are
intended to cover all such modifications, enhancements, and other
embodiments, which fall within the true spirit and scope of the
present disclosure. Thus, to the maximum extent allowed by law, the
scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the broadest
permissible interpretation of the following claims and their
equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the
foregoing detailed description.
[0043] Although specific components have been set forth, it will be
appreciated by those skilled in the art that not all of the
disclosed components are required to practice the disclosed
configurations. Moreover, certain well known components have not be
described, to maintain focus on the disclosure.
[0044] For firmware and/or software implementation, the
methodologies may be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures,
functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein.
A machine-readable medium tangibly embodying instructions may be
used in implementing the methodologies described herein. For
example, software codes may be stored in a memory and executed by a
processor unit. Memory may be implemented within the processor unit
or external to the processor unit. As used herein, the term
"memory" refers to types of long term, short term, volatile,
nonvolatile, or other memory and is not to be limited to a
particular type of memory or number of memories, or type of media
upon which memory is stored.
[0045] If implemented in firmware and/or software, the functions
may be stored as one or more instructions or code on a
computer-readable medium. Examples include computer-readable media
encoded with a data structure and computer-readable media encoded
with a computer program. Computer-readable media includes physical
computer storage media. A storage medium may be an available medium
that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not
limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM,
EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage
or other magnetic storage devices, or other medium that can be used
to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data
structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Disk and disc,
as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical
disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and blu-ray disc,
where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs
reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above
should also be included within the scope of computer-readable
media.
[0046] In addition to storage on computer-readable medium,
instructions and/or data may be provided as signals on transmission
media included in a communication apparatus. For example, a
communication apparatus may include a transceiver having signals
indicative or instructions and data. The instructions and data are
configured to cause one or more processors to implement the
functions outlined in the claims.
[0047] Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been
described in detail, it should be understood that various changes,
substitutions, and alterations can be made herein without departing
from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the
appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is
not intended to be limited to the particular configurations of the
process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means,
methods, and steps described in the specification. As one of
ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the present
disclosure, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of
matter, means, methods, or steps presently existing or later to be
developed that perform substantially the same functions or achieve
substantially the same result as the corresponding configurations
described herein may be utilized according to the present
disclosure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to
include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture,
compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.
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