U.S. patent application number 11/995730 was filed with the patent office on 2008-08-21 for production system for radiators, for heating plants.
This patent application is currently assigned to K DELTA T KALOR S.r.l.. Invention is credited to Adriano Paschetto.
Application Number | 20080196234 11/995730 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 37441020 |
Filed Date | 2008-08-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20080196234 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Paschetto; Adriano |
August 21, 2008 |
Production System For Radiators, For Heating Plants
Abstract
A production system for radiators, for heating plants, the
system being obtained by simple assembly of two radiator
half-shells (1a, 1b) and two connecting and fastening elements (3
and 4), in which a final complete radiator is obtained using only
mechanical systems and without any welding, two flanges (5, 7) also
being included. The final radiator of the system is composed of a
plurality of single radiator elements (1) made of two radiator
half-shells (1a, 1b) and a length of cylindrical pipe (2) applied
to a single radiator element (1), while the two connecting and
fastening elements (3, 4) are constituted by a threaded sleeve for
connecting and fixing the two half-shells (1a, 1b) constituting a
radiator element (1) to one another by a screwing action. The
radiator elements so composed and connected will be provided in the
part that extends from the cylindrical tract (12) and departs
therefrom following on with short recessed tracts (14 and 15), in
the recessed track (15) with an elastic washer (4) which enables
irreversible connection of a relative length of cylindrical pipe
(2) to the radiator element (1).
Inventors: |
Paschetto; Adriano;
(Arzene(Pordenone), IT) |
Correspondence
Address: |
PEARNE & GORDON LLP
1801 EAST 9TH STREET, SUITE 1200
CLEVELAND
OH
44114-3108
US
|
Assignee: |
K DELTA T KALOR S.r.l.
I-33030 Coseano (UDINE)
IT
|
Family ID: |
37441020 |
Appl. No.: |
11/995730 |
Filed: |
June 8, 2006 |
PCT Filed: |
June 8, 2006 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/IB06/01630 |
371 Date: |
January 15, 2008 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
29/463 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F28F 9/06 20130101; F28D
2021/0035 20130101; F28F 9/266 20130101; Y10T 29/49893
20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
29/463 |
International
Class: |
B21D 39/00 20060101
B21D039/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jul 25, 2005 |
IT |
PN2005A000048 |
Claims
1. A production system for radiators, for heating plants, wherein
the system is obtained by simple assembly of two radiator
half-shells (1a, 1b) and two connecting and fastening elements (3
and 4), in which a final complete radiator is obtained using only
mechanical systems and without any welding; the system including
application of two flanges (5, 7); the final radiator being
composed of a plurality of single radiator elements (1) made of two
radiator half-shells (1a, 1b) and a length of cylindrical pipe (2)
applied to a single radiator element (1); characterised by the fact
that the two connecting and fastening elements (3, 4) are
constituted by a threaded sleeve for connecting and fixing the two
half-shells (1a, 1b) constituting a radiator element (1) to one
another by a screwing action, and for connecting and fixing a
radiator element (1) to at least a further radiator element (1),
and by an elastic washer for irreversibly connecting a length of
the cylindrical pipe (2) to the radiator element (1).
2. (canceled)
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the sleeve when positioned
internally of the radiator element (1) projects at ends thereof
from the radiator element (1) in order to be solidly screwingly
engageable to further sleeves on either side thereof.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the radiator element (1) can
include a variable number of cylindrical elements departing
there-from in order to realise from a minimum number of two
vertical columns to a maximum number of vertical columns which is
compatible with the mechanical resistance of a material the
radiator element is made of.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein as well as the variability of the
number of columns which can be applied, the system also enables a
considerable variation of height of the final radiator to be
obtained.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the radiator element (1) can
include a variable number of cylindrical elements departing
there-from in order to realise from a minimum number of two
vertical columns to a maximum number of vertical columns which is
compatible with the mechanical resistance of a material the
radiator element is made of.
7. The system of claim 3, wherein as well as the variability of the
number of columns which can be applied, the system also enables a
considerable variation of height of the final radiator to be
obtained.
8. The system of claim 4, wherein as well as the variability of the
number of columns which can be applied, the system also enables a
considerable variation of height of the final radiator to be
obtained.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The invention relates to a special system of radiator
production for heating plants, briefly consisting in the assembly
of special basic elements which are easily obtainable using known
means and processes.
[0002] In the system of the invention, the wide variety of
possibilities of choice of basic elements, including the dimensions
of some of the elements, enables obtaining a final product which
includes radiators of considerably various sizes and shapes. The
simplicity and rapidity of the assembly operations of the various
components of each single radiator further enables production of
only the types of radiators requested and in the right numbers.
This helps to avoid useless and expensive storage of finished
products.
BACKGROUND ART
[0003] The prior art describes devices known as radiators which are
normally used in water- and steam-operated heating plants to
provide correct amounts of heat in rooms. These devices are
generally constituted by hollow bodies having shapes and dimensions
that vary, obtained with various materials and production
processes; hot water, and in a few cases steam, both at low
pressures, are made to run through these radiators; the water or
steam are produced in boilers.
[0004] Technical and technological progress have enabled various
new production and application methods to be developed.
[0005] One of the prime solutions, among the most well-known, and
still considerably popular, is forming single elements by cast-iron
casting; each element is made up of a number of tubular conduits,
i.e. the columns, which are arranged coplanar as well as parallel
to one another. The elements connect at ends thereof to respective
hollow bodies which constitute single manifolds. Each of these
manifolds is provided with holes for enabling reciprocal connection
of several of the elements, by means of nipples. Clearly the
elements must be produced in various types, each type being
basically characterised by a number and length of the columns it is
made up of, so for each single type of element heating bodies, i.e.
radiators, can be built having heat emission surfaces which are
directly proportional to the number of elements assembled together.
It follows that especially in the first stage of production it will
be necessary to make holes in a large number of the elements of
various typologies and store them all. Thereafter, anticipating
customer requests, groups of the elements will have to be
assembled, each having a specific number of the elements (of
various types), before once again being stored.
[0006] Obviously forecasting the quantities of radiators to be
produced with this type of solution is always very much guess-work,
and as a result the producer is forced to develop his production on
the basis of poorly-reliable hypotheses, and clearly he or she must
always maintain a large warehouse in order to stock an adequate
range of units and elements.
[0007] The connecting-up operation, too, of the elements needed to
form a full body of a radiator is considerably laborious; indeed, a
special tool is needed, following a process which requires
considerable attention and the attentions of several experienced
personnel, not to mention the long working times. Clearly the need
to produce considerable quantities of initial products to assemble,
plus the need to keep a good number of assembled products, imply
much effort and very high capital investment which is kept
practically "frozen" in the warehouse, also adding to costs in
terms of storage space. Add to this the costs of the assembly
operations of the elements in order to obtain the various types of
finished radiators, and total production costs are very high.
[0008] The development of special welding techniques together with
the improvement of the pressing processes and the contemporary
improvement in the characteristics of steel used in pressing have
enabled development, in the field of the invention, of new
production solutions, the main and best known of which will be
summarised herein below and commented upon with the aim of
highlighting the limitations and difficulties, both in terms of
production and application, as well as the various drawbacks
inherent in each one.
[0009] One of the known solutions consists in forming a rectangular
plate from a suitable steel sheet by a simple cutting and deep
pressing process. A plurality of longitudinal recesses is pressed
into the rectangular plate, which recesses are equi-distanced and
parallel to one another, and are interconnected perpendicularly at
ends thereof by further transversal recesses. By joining two of
these plates by welding, the plates being arranged so that the
relative longitudinal recesses are opposite one another and facing
the outside, a finished radiator is obtained. Clearly this process
implies the use of a press for each type of radiator and therefore
a considerable use of capital. Furthermore, the welding operations
are quite expensive, as they imply the use of special and expensive
equipment and apparatus as well as further costly manual milling
operations to remove the aesthetic defects resulting from the
welding operations. Also, the problems of storage remain unsolved;
indeed, they worsen.
[0010] A further known solution, quite widely adopted, consists,
once more, in using a steel sheet and cutting and shaping it by
pressing into rectangular plates conformed in such a way as to
develop two half-shells exhibiting some parallel longitudinal
recesses orthogonally connected at ends thereof by respective
transversal recesses.
[0011] Two half-shells obtained thus are arranged in opposite
positions so that the longitudinal recesses and the transversal
recesses form respective cavities equivalent to conduits
corresponding to the columns and the manifolds of the elements
mentioned above in the introduction hereto.
[0012] This solution too exhibits considerable drawbacks, indeed
contains all of the drawbacks of the other prior art realisations
previously described. A further solution which is useful to the
present summary due to a certain similarity with the solution of
the invention is one which includes the use of lengths of
cylindrical pipes which are welded at ends thereof; the hollow
bodies having the "manifold" conformation. These hollow bodies
("single manifolds") are formed by two half-shells formed from
suitable sheet steel, once more by cutting and pressing operations,
which are welded to one another.
[0013] Obviously this solution too, apart from containing
practically all of the drawbacks listed herein above in reference
to the other prior art realisations, exhibits a very long welding
seam which is therefore expensive and produces ugly surface
irregularities, such as drops of molten material and waste products
which in part, i.e. those parts on view, are manually removed using
special tools and operations such as hammering, scraping, filing,
milling, and which in part are left untouched due to being
inaccessible, possibly being inside the element itself.
[0014] The main aim of the present invention is therefore to
obviate the various above-described drawbacks, which aim is
achieved by the new system of production of tubular radiators which
includes, for the formation process of heating elements (radiators)
of a tubular type, a simple and rapid assembly operation of hollow
inter-connectable elements which are connected by threaded sleeves
in order to develop manifolds of widely variable dimensions, to
which lengths of cylindrical pipes of variable lengths are
connected, the connection of the hollow elements to one another as
well as their connection to the lengths of pipe being obtained
without use of welding.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
[0015] To better understand the characteristics and advantages of
the system of the present invention, a preferred but non-exclusive
embodiment is now described and claimed by way of non-limiting
example, with reference to the accompanying figures of the
drawings, in which:
[0016] FIG. 1 is a partially-exploded lateral view of a radiator of
the invention;
[0017] FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are front external views of the
conformations of some hollow elements used for the formation of
manifolds of radiators;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a section along line I-I of FIG. 6;
[0019] FIG. 8 is a front external view of a first half-shell
forming the male part of a hollow element;
[0020] FIG. 9 is a lateral view of the first half-shell illustrated
in FIG. 8;
[0021] FIG. 10 is a front internal view of the first half-shell
illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9;
[0022] FIG. 11 is a section view according to line II-II of FIG.
10;
[0023] FIG. 12 is an external front view of a second half-shell
which is symmetrically complementary to the half-shell of FIG. 8,
and is the female complement of the hollow element resulting from
the coupling with the first half-shell;
[0024] FIG. 13 is a corresponding lateral view of the second
half-shell, illustrated in FIG. 12;
[0025] FIG. 14 is an internal front view of the second half-shell
illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13;
[0026] FIG. 15 is a section view according to line III-111 of FIG.
14;
[0027] FIG. 16 is an external view of the threaded sleeve used to
connect up the first half-shell and the second half-shell
illustrated in the preceding figures from 8 to 15, as well as
various quantities of hollow elements formed by the connection of
the two half-shells;
[0028] FIGS. 17 and 18 are lateral view of the sleeve of FIG.
16;
[0029] FIG. 19 is a section view according to line IV-IV of FIG.
18;
[0030] FIG. 20 is a front view illustrating the conformation of the
countersunk elastic "washer" used for fixing the connection of
tubular lengths to respective coupling sleeves starting from a
hollow element of the type illustrated in figures from 2 to 15;
[0031] FIG. 21 is a section view according to line V-V of FIG.
20;
[0032] FIGS. 22 and 23 are an enlarged view of a detail
illustrating the application of the elastic washer illustrated in
FIGS. 20 and 21 on a corresponding coupling sleeve of a relative
hollow element and respectively the arrangement of the washer in
the position preceding the application of a tubular length to a
relative coupling sleeve, and the final arrangement in which the
tubular length is applied on the coupling sleeve;
[0033] FIGS. 24 and 28 are an external front view of a possible
conformation of flanges applicable and fixable to ends of a
relative group of hollow elements of the type illustrated from FIG.
2 to FIG. 15 and interconnected to one another with the threaded
sleeve illustrated in the preceding FIGS. 16, 17, 18 and 19;
[0034] FIGS. 25 and 29 are lateral views of the flanges illustrated
respectively in FIGS. 24 and 28;
[0035] FIGS. 26 and 30 are section view respective according to
line VI-VI of FIG. 24 and VII-VII of FIG. 28;
[0036] FIG. 27 is a lateral view of the conformation of a cap which
can be applied to the flange illustrated in FIGS. 24, 26 and
28;
[0037] FIG. 31 also illustrates an external lateral view of the
conformation of a further cap which is applicable to the flange
illustrated in FIGS. 25, 27 and 29;
[0038] FIG. 32 is a detailed illustration, in a completely exploded
view, of the connection by threaded sleeves of the type illustrated
in FIG. 19, of couples of complementary half-shells illustrated in
FIGS. 11 and 15, as well as some of the resulting hollow elements
and the application with an irreversible connection of a length of
pipe to a corresponding sleeve starting from a hollow element.
[0039] The common details in the above figures are denoted by the
same reference numbers.
[0040] For reasons of descriptive clarity reference will first be
made to figures from 2 to 29 in order to describe in detail the
conformation of the single elements which according to the present
invention enable obtaining, by simple assembly made only using
reciprocal mechanical coupling systems, a radiator of wide-ranging
dimensions and characteristics.
[0041] Briefly, the basic elements are initially four in number, as
follows: [0042] the hollow element 1 formed by assembly of two
half-shells 1a and 1b; [0043] a length of cylindrical pipe 2;
[0044] a threaded sleeve 3; [0045] an elastic washer 4.
[0046] To the above elements single flanges can be added, or
flanges with accessories and sizes and conformations that are
variable according to the different applications.
[0047] The hollow element 1 will now be described in detail.
[0048] With reference to figures between 2 and 5, some of the
various possible external conformations of the hollow element 1 are
shown, precisely the one illustrated in FIG. 2 in which two short
bodies depart from the hollow element 1(2), which short bodies form
hollow cylindrical elements 12 for connection, as will be described
herein below, to two lengths of cylindrical pipe 2, up to the
element of FIG. 6 in which six short cylindrical elements 12 depart
from the hollow element 1(6) for connection to six lengths of
cylindrical pipe. Obviously the number of hollow cylindrical
elements 12 departing from a single hollow element 1 can be even
greater than the maximum number illustrated herein.
[0049] For reasons of clarity, the hollow element 1 is also denoted
by a further number in brackets, which indicates the number of
hollow cylindrical elements departing therefrom; for example the
element with six cylindrical elements 12 departing from it is
indicated as follows: 1(6), while the one with two cylindrical
elements 12 departing from it is denoted as follows: 1(2).
[0050] In order to describe in detail the overall conformation of
the hollow element 1 reference will also be made to the following
group of figures, precisely from FIG. 7 to FIG. 15, in which the
hollow element 1 is illustrated in full detail.
[0051] For reasons of clarity and simplicity, as well as for
description, the various parts of the male half-shell 1a are
represented in FIG. 7 and in FIGS. 8, 9, 10 and 11 not only by
numbers but also with the added letter a, while the various parts
of the female half-shell are represented in FIG. 7 and in FIGS. 12,
13, 14 and 15 not only by numbers but also with the added letter b.
Also for reasons of clarity and simplicity, reference will be made
to half-shells (1a, 1b) and a relative hollow element 1 obtained
therewith which forms only two hollow cylindrical elements
therefrom, of the same conformation and using the same assembly and
construction process for elements with three, four, five, six etc.
hollow cylindrical elements departing therefrom.
[0052] In FIG. 7 the hollow element 1 is constituted essentially by
a covering formed by assembly of two complementary half-shells 1a
and 1b. The half-shells 1a, 1b are specular and shall be called
hereinafter the male half-shell 1a and the female half-shell 1b.
The male half-shell 1a and the female half-shell 1b differ in that
as can be seen in FIG. 7, and in FIGS. 11 and 15, the flat surfaces
BA of the edges of the male half-shell 1a and all of the surfaces
BA exhibit a small rim M while in the flat surfaces BB of the
female half-shell 1b corresponding grooves F are afforded to
receive the rims M. The rim M will engage, as will be described
herein below, in the corresponding groove F.
[0053] Further, the two half-shells 1a and 1b posteriorly exhibit a
hollow circular protrusion.
[0054] Still with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, for the male
half-shell 1a, and FIGS. 14 and 15, for the female half-shell 1b,
the male half-shell 1a preferably exhibits three projecting
elements or pins Sa, which correspond, in the female half-shell 1b,
to three holes Fb. Like the rim M on- the male half-shell 1a
fitting into the groove F, the pins Sa will fit into the holes
Fb.
[0055] Above and concentrically of the external arch of the male
half-shell 1a and the female half-shell 1b, on the opposite side of
the surfaces BA and BB there will be a circular through-hole C
which is afforded within a cylindrical cavity CI which is part of
the posterior protrusion of the male and female half-shells 1a and
1b up to the half-shells 1a, 1b, creating a through hole C-C1 which
terminates posteriorly of the half-shells 1a-1b. In the posterior
part of the half-shells 1a-1b there is a rectangular-section
circular groove 11 which contains o-rings O, which will be better
explained herein below.
[0056] The half-shells 1a, 1b terminate inferiorly in a first short
cylindrical tract 12 which is reduced by a suitable cylindrical
amount determined by the cylindrical tracts 13. Recesses 14
alternate with the cylindrical tracts 13, which recesses 14 are
short cylindrical tracts that are shorter than the other
cylindrical tracts 13. The recesses 14 are for housing further
o-rings O, the use of which will be better described herein below.
Further, close to the free end of the final cylindrical tract 13,
which terminates in a 45.degree. bevel, FIGS. 8 to 15 and FIGS. 22,
23 and 32 illustrate a recess 15 which is less high but not
shallower than the recesses 14, which will house an elastic washer
4 of known type illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21.
[0057] With special reference to figures from 1 to 32, the
cylindrical element 2 is constituted by a length of known common
piping.
[0058] With particular reference to FIGS. 16, 17, 18 and 19, as
well as FIGS. 1 and 32, a sleeve 3 is illustrated. The sleeve 3 is
externally formed as follows: it is composed of two consecutive
cylinders 31 and 32 which decrease in diameter and terminate with a
threaded tract 33. The first cylindrical tract 31 of the sleeve 3
is shorter than the following cylindrical tract 32. A further short
threaded tract 33 follows the short cylindrical tract 32. The
sleeve 3 is hollow; the hollow tract 31a corresponding to the
cylindrical tract 31 is internally threaded over the whole length
of the tract 31a, and then follows on within the cylindrical tract
32 with a hollow cylindrical part 32a, while internally of the
short threaded tract 33 there is a cavity with prismatic hexagonal
shape 33a.
[0059] Centrally of the cylindrical tract 32 there are preferably
through-holes 36 to the internal hollow part 32a. The internal
tract 31a of the first cylindrical tract 31 has a female thread 33
which starts from the cylindrical tract 32 for reasons that will be
explained herein below.
[0060] With reference to FIGS. 20 and 21, an elastic washer 4 is
illustrated, formed from a ring provided at a circumferential part
thereof with a brief interruption. Slightly-inclined short tracts
41 extend externally thereof.
[0061] With reference to FIGS. 24, 25, 26 and 27, and again in 28,
29, 30 and 31, the following elements are included.
[0062] In FIGS. 24 to 26, an internally-hollow flange 5 is
illustrated. This flange 5, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, has on one
side thereof a short tract 51 provided with a hexagonal facing, and
is very similar to normal nuts for bolts. It has an external mangle
52 and is preferably curved. The mantle 52 is interrupted by a flat
circular surface 53 which is perpendicular thereto. In FIGS. 25 and
26 it can be seen that a short externally-threaded part extends
from this mantle 52. FIG. 26, which illustrates the flange 5 of
FIG. 25 sectioned according to line VI-VI of FIG. 24, shows that
the thread of the externally-threaded part 54 starts internally of
the curved mantle of FIG. 25. Furthermore, FIG. 26 shows that the
flange 5 is internally provided with a thread 55 which begins at
the same start point of the short tract 51 provided with a
hexagonal facing. The thread 55 follows on at least up until the
start of the externally threaded tract 54. The flange 5 is further
provided with a rectangular groove 53' for housing o-rings.
[0063] In figures from 28 to 30, a second flange 7, very similar to
the flange 5, is illustrated. The second flange 7 is different from
the first flange 5 in that it does not have a threaded projecting
part 54 but instead has a short externally cylindrical tract 71.
The second flange 7 is also hollow, and is provided, as can be seen
in FIG. 30, with two threaded tracts 71' and 72 having different
diameters. More precisely, with reference to FIG. 30, which is a
section view according to lines VII-VII of FIG. 28, the tract 71'
has a larger diameter and therefore a larger thread than the tract
72 which also begins line the threaded tract 52 of FIG. 25 in the
same zone as the hexagonal tract.
[0064] The thread 72 ends at the threaded tract 71'. The second
flange 7 is interrupted by a circular flat surface 73 which is also
provided with a groove 73' for housing an o-ring.
[0065] Following from the description of a preferred embodiment of
the invention, a preferred system of construction thereof will now
be made.
[0066] With reference to FIGS. 1 and 32, which illustrate a
preferred assembly of the above-described elements, the operator
will first take the two half-shells 1a, 1b (illustrated in figures
from 2 to 15), and before coupling them will carry out two
operations.
[0067] In the groove F of the female half-shell 1b he will insert a
seal which can be fashioned from an o-ring, preferably by cutting
it; this will increase the seal of the radiator when assembled.
[0068] After positioning the seal the operator will use a thin
layer of a suitable glue, such as a hard-wearing resin or the like
on surface BA of the male half-shell 1b.
[0069] After performing the above operations, the operator takes
the two half-shells and joins them. The coupling is done when the
surfaces BA and BB are perfectly superposed and the resin is
well-spread. Also the recess F of the female half-shell 1b will
meet perfectly with the projecting part M of the male half-shell 1a
and the pins Sa will engage precisely and solidly in the holes
Fb.
[0070] The hollow element, i.e. the radiator element 1, is thus
obtained. The pins Sa in the holes Fb have the aim of stiffening
the radiator element 1 and preventing crushing thereof following
the compression thereof during assembly. After having completed
assembly of a predetermined number of the radiators 1, the operator
applies suitable o-rings in the recesses 14 and the elastic washers
4 in the recess 15. Then the operator screws together a flange 5
and a sleeve 3, by engaging the external threaded part 54 of the
flange 5 to the internal threaded part 31a of the sleeve 3, thus
forming a single solidly-connected part. Then, through the cavity
C1 and therefore the hole C, and first positioning an o-ring in the
hollow zone 11' of the radiator element 1 (corresponding to the
hollow zone 53' of the flange 5), the operator inserts in a
radiator element 1 a first of a series of sleeves 3 coupled as
above-described to the flange 5, bringing the flange 5 to strike
with the surface 53 thereof against the surface 11 of the radiator
element 1. When a first block of elements 5, 3 and 1 is formed, the
operator screws a second sleeve 3 to the previous sleeve 3 of the
group consisting of elements 5, 3, 1. Precisely, the operator uses
a hexagonal key in the hollow part having a hexagonal section 35
and screws the sleeve 3 by the thread 31a thereof, which sleeve 3
then engages with the thread 33 of another, preceding sleeve 3. A
further o-ring O is then inserted in the cavity 11' and a second
radiator element 1 attached by repeating the previous stage of
screwing a further sleeve 3 to the preceding sleeve 3 and in this
way forming a plurality of sleeve-radiator-element couplings. When
the operator has built up to a predetermined number of the coupled
elements, the flange 7 is used to close off the series of
couplings, with the thread 71' screwing onto the thread 33 of the
sleeve 3.
[0071] Once this has been done, the lower cylindrical parts 13 are
added, starting with the short cylindrical tracts 12 which form a
single block of the radiator element 1 and the pipes 2. The lower
cylindrical parts 13 are introduced simply by pressing the pipe 2
towards the cylindrical tract 12 of the radiator element 1. When,
as in FIG. 1, the pipe 2 strikes against the surface formed by the
changed of section obtained by the difference of section in passing
from the cylindrical tract 12 to the cylindrical part 13, the pipe
2 is solidly coupled to the radiator element 1. This solid coupling
is in effect a friction coupling between elastic washer 4 and the
internal surface of the pipe 2 and can be observed in FIGS. 22 and
23 and relative large-scale representations. FIG. 22 shows the
lower circular part of the radiator element 1, with the tracts 13,
14 and 15, detached from the pipe 2 and enlarged. The elastic
washer 4 with its projections 41 are shown, while FIG. 23 shows the
following stage, i.e. the introduction of one of the lower
cylindrical ends, which start from the lower cylindrical pipe 12
with the cylindrical tract 13 having a smaller section but having a
larger section than the cylindrical tracts 14 and 15 internal
thereof of the radiator element 1 in the pipe 2, and the enlarged
view of the detail of the elastic washer 4 indicates that the
projections 41 flex and grip by friction, due to their elastic
thrust onto the pipe 2, i.e. against the internal surface of the
pipe 2.
[0072] The first described process (assembly of parts 5-3-1 and 3-1
with closure using the flange 7) is repeated at the other end of
the pipe 2 with the series of radiator element 1, sleeves 3,
flanges 5 and 7 forming a second "single block". To close the open
ends of the flanges 5 and 7 which will not be used for introducing
the heating fluid, identical threaded caps 6 (FIGS. 27 and 31) are
screwed on, by screwing one cap 6 by its thread 61 into the
threaded part 55 of the flange 5 and another radiator cap 6 by its
thread 61 into the thread 72 of the flange 7.
[0073] Two flanges 5 and/or 7 will remain open in order to be
connected, respectively, one to the water inlet pipe and the other
to the radiator discharge pipe which will send the heating fluid
into circulation.
* * * * *