U.S. patent number 10,977,955 [Application Number 16/414,538] was granted by the patent office on 2021-04-13 for digital input device, digital correction device and distance learning system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Wacom Co., Ltd.. The grantee listed for this patent is Wacom Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Toshihiko Horie.
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United States Patent |
10,977,955 |
Horie |
April 13, 2021 |
Digital input device, digital correction device and distance
learning system
Abstract
A digital input device includes a sensor that detects
coordinates according to a position pointed by an electronic pen; a
display device disposed on a side of the sensor; at least one
operation button; at least one processor; at least one storage
device storing at least one program. When the at least one program
is executed by the at least one processor, the display device
displays a predetermined template and inputted information by an
electronic pen as received via the sensor. The digital input device
also provides timepoint information at every predetermined timing,
and generates and stores time-series data with position information
from the sensor according to pointing to the template by the
electronic pen, the time-series data including information
regarding the electronic pen received from the electronic pen
associated with operation information indicating a state of the at
least one operation button at timepoints indicated by the timepoint
information.
Inventors: |
Horie; Toshihiko (Saitama,
JP) |
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Wacom Co., Ltd. |
Saitama |
N/A |
JP |
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Assignee: |
Wacom Co., Ltd. (Saitama,
JP)
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Family
ID: |
1000005486540 |
Appl.
No.: |
16/414,538 |
Filed: |
May 16, 2019 |
Prior Publication Data
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Document
Identifier |
Publication Date |
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US 20190272766 A1 |
Sep 5, 2019 |
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Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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PCT/JP2017/039031 |
Oct 30, 2017 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Nov 18, 2016 [JP] |
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JP2016-225071 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F
3/0488 (20130101); G09B 19/025 (20130101); G06F
3/0481 (20130101); G06F 3/04162 (20190501); G06F
3/0227 (20130101); G06F 3/03545 (20130101); G06F
3/04883 (20130101); G09B 5/14 (20130101); G09B
5/02 (20130101); G09B 19/00 (20130101); G09B
7/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G09B
7/02 (20060101); G06F 3/0354 (20130101); G06F
3/02 (20060101); G06F 3/041 (20060101); G09B
5/02 (20060101); G09B 19/00 (20060101); G09B
5/14 (20060101); G06F 3/0481 (20130101); G06F
3/0488 (20130101); G09B 19/02 (20060101) |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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1695156 |
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Nov 2005 |
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CN |
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2006-190270 |
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Jul 2006 |
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JP |
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2012-198363 |
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Oct 2012 |
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JP |
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2014-215334 |
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Nov 2014 |
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JP |
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2014215334 |
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Nov 2014 |
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JP |
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2015-049306 |
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Mar 2015 |
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JP |
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2015049306 |
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Mar 2015 |
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JP |
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2015-102556 |
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Jun 2015 |
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JP |
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Other References
Chinese Office Action, dated Nov. 30, 2020, for Chinese Application
No. 201780071261.4, 10 pages. cited by applicant.
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Primary Examiner: Ghebretinsae; Temesghen
Assistant Examiner: Abebe; Sosina
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Seed IP Law Group LLP
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A digital correction device for correcting stored data sent from
a digital input device, the digital input device including a first
sensor that detects coordinates according to a position pointed by
a first electronic pen, a first display device disposed on a side
of the first sensor, at least one operation button, at least one
first processor, and at least one first storage device storing at
least one first program that, when executed by the at least one
first processor, causes the digital input device to: display, on
the first display device, a predetermined template and inputted
information according to the position pointed by the first
electronic pen and received via the first sensor, provide timepoint
information at every predetermined timing, generate time-series
data with pointed position information from the first sensor
according to pointing to the template by the first electronic pen,
the time-series data including information regarding the first
electronic pen that is received from the first electronic pen
associated with operation information indicating a state of the at
least one operation button, at timepoints indicated by the
timepoint information, and store the time-series data in
association with the predetermined template, the digital correction
device being to be used to process the time-series data and
predetermined template, which are stored by the digital input
device, as stored data, the digital correction device comprising: a
second sensor which, in operation, detects coordinates according to
a position pointed by a second electronic pen; a second display
device disposed on a side of the second sensor; at least one second
processor; and at least one second storage device storing at least
one second program that, when executed by the at least one second
processor, causes the digital correction device to: display, on the
second display device, answers according to the time-series data
and a format according to the predetermined template; receive a
correction input to the answers displayed on the second display
device, as inputted by the second electronic pen via the second
sensor, and create correction information; display the correction
information, on the second display device; and store corrected
information with the template, the corrected information including
the answers according to the time-series data associated with the
correction information.
2. The digital correction device according to claim 1, wherein: the
correction information is displayed in a mode different from the
answers according to the time-series data.
3. The digital correction device according to claim 1, further
comprising: a reproduction instructing device for the answers
according to the time-series data, wherein the at least one second
processor, when the reproduction instructing device is operated,
reproduces the answers according to the time-series data in a
time-series order responsive to the operation on the second display
device.
4. The digital correction device according to claim 1, wherein the
correction information is created as information in a different
layer from at least the answers according to the time-series
data.
5. A distance learning system comprising: a digital input device;
and a digital correction device, wherein the digital input device
includes: a first sensor which, in operation, detects coordinates
according to a position pointed by a first electronic pen, a first
display device disposed on a side of the first sensor, at least one
operation button, at least one first processor; and at least one
first storage device storing at least one first program that, when
executed by the at least one first processor, causes the digital
input device to: display, on the first display device, inputted
information according to a predetermined template and the position
pointed by the first electronic pen and received via the first
sensor, provide timepoint information at every predetermined
timing, generate time-series data with pointed position information
from the first sensor according to pointing to the template by the
first electronic pen, the time-series data including information
regarding the first electronic pen that is received from the first
electronic pen associated with operation information indicating a
state of the at least one operation button, at timepoints indicated
by the timepoint information, and store the time-series data and
the predetermined template in association with each other; and
wherein the digital correction device includes: a second sensor
which, in operation, detects coordinates according to a position
pointed by a second electronic pen, a second display device
disposed on a side of the second sensor, at least one second
processor; and at least one second storage device storing at least
one second program that, when executed by the at least one second
processor, causes the digital correction device to: display, on the
second display device, answers according to the time-series data
and a format according to the predetermined template, receive a
correction input to the answers displayed on the second display
device, as inputted by the second electronic pen via the second
sensor, and to create correction information, display the
correction information on the second display device, and store
corrected information with the template, the answers according to
the time-series data and the correction information being
associated with one another.
6. The distance learning system according to claim 5, wherein: the
digital input device and the digital correction device are
connected to each other via a network, the digital input device
further includes: a first transmitter which, in operation,
transmits the time-series data and the template to the digital
correction device via the network; and the digital correction
device further includes: a first receiver which, in operation,
receives the time-series data and template transmitted from the
digital input device via the network, wherein the at least one
second storage device stores the time-series data and template
received from the digital input device via the first receiver.
7. The distance learning system according to claim 6, wherein: the
digital input device further includes: a second receiver which, in
operation, receives the corrected information from the digital
correction device, wherein the at least one first processor
displays, on the first display device, the corrected information
received via the second receiver; and the digital correction device
further includes: a second transmitter which, in operation,
transmits, to the digital input device, the corrected
information.
8. The distance learning system according to claim 6, wherein the
digital input device and the digital correction device transmit and
receive data via a predetermined server device arranged on the
network.
Description
BACKGROUND
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to an input device that enables to
input digital data by using an electronic pen and a position
detection device and also to a system constructed using this input
device, and particularly to devices and a system, which are suited
for use in large-scale examinations such as admission examinations
or distance learning for individuals.
Background Art
Various large-scale examinations, each of which a number of
candidates take, led by admission examinations to junior high
schools, high schools, colleges and universities and including
various certification examinations, qualifying examinations, and
the like are conducted. In such a large-scale examination, it has
heretofore been a common practice to conduct the examination by
distributing question sheets and blank answer sheets to each
candidate, to collect and mark the answer sheets with answers
filled in by the candidate, and then to make a pass/fall
determination according the results of the marking. In examinations
taken by a large number of candidates such as a so-called national
center test that is a nationally-administered admission examination
held by the National Center for University Entrance Examinations, a
scantron-based examination which enables marking processing by a
computer is often conducted to make the marking promptly, exactly
and fairly.
In a scantron-based examination, each candidate chooses, out of a
plurality of options provided beforehand with respect to each
question, one or more options considered to be a correct answer or
correct answers, and make an answer by filling, with a pencil or
the like, an answer box or answer boxes corresponding to the option
or options thus chosen. This means that, because only the answer is
filled in, the process of calculation to the answer cannot be
subjected to marking in the case of scientific subjects and text
writing skills cannot be subjected to marking in the case of
subjects in arts.
Like the examinations that have been conventionally conducted, it
is obviously possible to make the candidate write not only an
answer but also the process of calculation on an answer sheet or to
make the candidate write a text on the answer sheet. In this case,
however, larger space and greater cost are needed for the storage
of answer sheets as the number of candidates increases. Further,
the possibility arises that the answer sheets can be spoiled or
torn. In addition, there may be a situation where a desire exists
to include questions, which a grader marker marks while taking the
candidate's thought process into consideration, together with
questions, which allow automated marking by a computer.
It is, therefore, contemplated to use, like the education support
program or education support device of the invention disclosed in
JP 2015-102556 A, an electronic device, such as a personal
computer, smartphone or tablet computer having a pen input panel,
for making answers. The term "pen input panel" as used herein means
an electronic component including a display device and a so-called
touch sensor in combination, and the use of an electronic pen
allows a candidate to write and input calculating equations and
texts.
Answer information inputted via such a pen input panel can be dealt
with as electronic data, so that neither the problem of storing
answer sheets nor the problem of spoiling or tearing answer sheets
arises. In addition, the answer information can be dealt with as
electronic data, so that calculating equations, texts, and the like
can be marked by a grade marker while taking the candidate's
thought process into consideration.
Furthermore, in the case of questions, which require choosing
correct options, or the like, automated marking by a computer is
feasible.
In the case of a system that uses the above-mentioned electronic
device, which has the pen input panel, as a device for inputting
answers, a problem may arise if a correction is made to
once-inputted answer information. More specifically, the answer
information has been inputted on the pen input panel by using an
electronic pen, so that, for rewriting the answer, the answer
information which has been inputted has to be erased first. For
erasing the answer information which has been inputted, an erase
instructing device (erasing electronic pen) is needed to supply
signals, which are different from those inputted at the time of
input of the answers, to the pen input panel.
This erasing electronic pen may be configured as a discrete element
from the answering electronic pen, or a single electronic pen may
be configured as an answering electronic pen at an end portion
thereof and as an erasing electronic pen at an opposite end portion
thereof. Such a configuration involves a potential problem that a
candidate may use the erasing electronic pen instead of the erasing
electronic pen by mistake or the other way round. Therefore, the
candidate must always discern the answering electronic pen and the
erasing electronic pen, and must use them separately. This is
irksome. Moreover, an interference may be considered to occur with
a line of thought upon replacing the answering electronic pen with
the erasing electronic pen or the way round.
When there is a plurality of questions, more appropriate and
accurate marking can be made if a grader marker not only can read
the completed answer results but also can find out, as needed, from
which question the candidate began to answer and/or where and how
the candidate made a correction. Moreover, detailed reproduction,
if possible, of the process of answering by each candidate enables
to provide a more appropriate guidance not only in a large-scale
examination such as an admission examination, certification
examination or qualifying examination but also in a distance
learning held for individuals.
BRIEF SUMMARY
In view of this, it is an object of the present disclosure to
enable simple and appropriate input and correction of digital data
and simple reproduction of the process of creation (the process of
input) of the inputted digital data when an input device capable of
inputting the digital data with an electronic pen and a position
detection device are used.
To solve the problems described above, the present disclosure
provides a digital input device including a sensor which, in
operation, detects coordinates according to a position pointed by
an electronic pen, a display device disposed on a lower side or
upper side of the sensor, at least one operation button, at least
one processor, at least one storage device storing at least one
program that, when executed by the at least one processor, causes
the digital input device to: display, on the display device, a
predetermined template and inputted information according to the
position pointed by the electronic pen and received via the sensor,
provide timepoint information at every predetermined timing,
generate time-series data with pointed position information from
the sensor according to pointing to the template by the electronic
pen, the time-series data including information regarding the
electronic pen that is received from the electronic pen associated
with operation information indicating a state of the at least one
operation button, at timepoints indicated by the timepoint
information, and store the time-series data.
According to the digital input device of this disclosure, a pen
input panel is constructed of the sensor and the display device,
and on the display device, the predetermined template and the
inputted information by the electronic pen as received via the
sensor are displayed. The digital input device includes the at
least one operation button and provides timepoint information at
every predetermined timing.
Time-series data is generated with pointed position information
from the sensor according to pointing to the template by the
electronic pen, the time-series data including information
regarding the electronic pen that is received from the electronic
pen associated with operation information indicating a state of the
at least one operation button, all of which are at timepoints
indicated by the timepoint information. The time-series data so
generated and the template are stored in association with each
other. The time-series data is inputted information by a user to
the corresponding template, and is to be used as electronic data
(digital data).
Because operation information that indicates the state of the at
least one operation button is also included in the time-series
data, it is programmed such that, based on the state of the at
least one operation button, an operation input by the electronic
pen can be regarded to be an inputting operation or an erasing
operation. In other words, it is programmed such that, despite an
operation by the same electronic pen, the function of the operation
can be switched according to the state of the at least one
operation button.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an illustration for describing an outline of a
large-scale examination system according to a first embodiment of
the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an external view for describing an external appearance of
a digital answer device in the large-scale examination system
according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is an illustration for describing an outline of the digital
answer device in the large-scale examination system according to
the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for describing a configuration example of
the digital answer device in the first embodiment of the present
disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram for describing a configuration example of
a position detection device mounted on the digital answer device in
the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 6A to 6D are illustrations for making a description on an
inputting operation of an answer to the digital answer device in
the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 depicts a table for describing an example of answer
information to be generated as time-series data at the digital
answer device in the first embodiment of the present
disclosure;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are illustrations for describing the configurations
of answer information and transmittal answer information to be
created as time-series data at the digital answer device in the
first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 depicts a table for describing another example of answer
information to be generated as time-series data at the digital
answer device in the first embodiment of the present
disclosure;
FIG. 10 is an illustration for describing an outline of a distance
learning system according to a second embodiment of the present
disclosure;
FIG. 11 is an external view for describing an external appearance
of a digital correction device in the distance learning system
according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is an illustration for making a description on a layered
structure of data to be processed by the distance learning system
according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram for describing a configuration example
of the digital correction device in the distance learning system
according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 14A to 14C are illustrations for making a description on an
example of display information upon reproduction of answer
information at the digital correction device in the second
embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 depicts a table for describing an example of transmittal
correction information to be generated at the digital correction
device in the second embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart for making a description on correction
processing to be performed at the digital correction device in the
second embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 17 is a flow chart continuing from FIG. 16; and
FIGS. 18A to 18D illustrate different rows of a table for
describing a configuration example of page-by-page answer
information if an answer sheet format spans a plurality of
pages.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Referring to the drawings, a description will hereinafter be made
about embodiments of devices and system according to the present
disclosure. Specifically, a description will hereinafter be made
about a first embodiment as an example of the present disclosure as
applied to a large-scale examination system and a second embodiment
as an example of the present disclosure as applied to a distance
learning system.
First Embodiment (Large-Scale Examination System)
FIG. 1 is an illustration for describing an outline of the
large-scale examination system according to the first embodiment.
In the first embodiment, the large-scale examination system 800 is
constructed and used when a large number of candidates gather at
one or more examination venues and take an examination there as in
an admission examination to a junior high school, high school,
college or university or a certification examination, qualifying
examination or the like.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the large-scale examination system of the
first embodiment includes digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on,
electronic pens 2a, 2b and so on, access points (hereinafter
abbreviated as "APs") 3a, 3b and so on, a host computer 4, and a
cloud system 5. Each of the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on
and each of the electronic pens 2a, 2b and so on are used by each
candidate who takes the examination. In this first embodiment, the
organizer of the examination lends them to the candidates, and
collects them from the candidates after the end of the
examination.
The APs 3a, 3b and so on are each arranged in a classroom, lecture
hall, auditorium or the like that is used as an examination venue,
and enables wireless communication with the digital answer devices
1a, 1b and so on. At least one host computer 4 is arranged at each
of one or more examination venues. The host computer 4 performs
communication with the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on via
the APs 3a, 3b and so on, respectively, to conduct the distribution
of an answer sheet format and examination questions and the
collection of answer information. The cloud system 5 includes a
storage device for various data and a control circuit that performs
marking and grading of answers.
In recent years, cloud computing systems are widely used to provide
users with use rights or the like for software and hardware as
services over networks. A data center or a group of servers, which
is arranged on the Internet to realize such cloud computing
systems, is called a "cloud."
In other words, a cloud provides each user with his or her desired
software, hardware and the like without making him or her aware of
any real server. In this embodiment, a data storage device 51, a
marking and grading module 52, and a grading results storage device
53 are arranged as the cloud system 5 on the cloud as illustrated
in FIG. 1.
The data storage device 51 in the cloud system 5 includes a storage
area to be provided, such as an answer sheet format and examination
questions, and another storage area for answer information
collected from the individual digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so
on. According to a request from the host computer 4 arranged at
each examination venue, the cloud system 5 reads the answer sheet
format and examination questions from the data storage device 51,
and distributes them to the host computer 4 at the requestor
venue.
The host computer 4 wirelessly distributes the answer sheet format
and examination question to the individual digital answer devices
1a, 1b and so on via the Aps 3a, 3b and so on, respectively. In the
large-scale examination system of the first embodiment, the host
computer 4 is programmed such that the timings of the start and end
of display of the answer sheet format and examination questions can
be controlled to the individual digital answer devices 1a, 1b and
so on. As a consequence, it is possible to prevent unfair answering
such as beginning to answer before the staring time of the
examination or continuing to answer after the ending time of the
examination.
As an alternative, the answer sheet format and examination
questions are distributed beforehand to the individual digital
answer devices 1a, 1b and so on, and according to instructions for
starting by a proctor, the candidates turn on the power supply to
the individual digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on. As a
consequence, the answer sheet format and examination questions are
displayed on the individual digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so
on, and the candidates can then perform inputting of answers.
Through the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on lent to the
individual candidates, they display and read the examination
questions and think about answers. To the answer sheet format
displayed on the own digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on, the
individual candidates then input their answers by using their own
electronic pens 2a, 2b and so on. Answer information inputted as
described above are accumulated in memories in the own digital
answer devices 1a, 1b and so on, respectively. After the expiration
of the examination time, a submit operation is performed, whereby
the answer information is submitted to the host computer 4. The
host computer 4 collects the answer information from the individual
answer devices 1a, 1b and so on, and stores and holds it.
In the large-scale examination system of the first embodiment, the
host computer 4 sends the collected answer information of the
respective candidates to the cloud system 5. The cloud system 5
receives the answer information from the host computers 4 at the
individual examination venues, and stores it in the storage area
for answer information in the data storage device 51. Subsequently,
the marking and grading module 52 of the cloud system 5 functions
so as to mark and grade the answer information stored in the
storage area for answer information in the data storage device
module 51, create grading results, and store them in the grading
results storage device 53.
If the grading results lead to more successful candidates than the
admission quota or conversely to less successful candidates than
the admission quota, the grader markers can review the answer
information again and can adjust the successful candidates. As will
be described in detail subsequently herein, the answer information
is created as time-series data in this case such that the status of
answering can be precisely reproduced. As a consequence, detailed
grading can be made by reproducing the process of answering in
detail and, for example, finding out candidates who carefully
thought about the answers and conversely to find out candidates who
were rough in the process of answering and happened to have led to
the correct answers by accident.
In this manner, those who are responsive, such as grader markers,
can determine finally successful candidates after checking the
answer information finely and appropriately grasping the thought
process and the depth of understanding. The cloud system 5 can then
issue and mail an admission certificate to each successful
candidate based on the stored data in the grading results storage
device 53.
The large-scale examination system of the first embodiment has an
important feature in the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on.
The digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on in the first embodiment
need to input answers with the electronic pens 2a, 2b and so on,
respectively, but are configured such that, if answered
incorrectly, incorrect portions can be easily and appropriately
erased and correct answers can be inputted instead.
In addition, the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on in the
first embodiment are each configured such that the status of
answering can be precisely reproduced by finely creating the answer
information as time-series data. As a consequence, it is
configured, as also mentioned above, to enable detailed grading by
reproducing the process of answering in detail and, for example,
finding out candidates who carefully thought about the answers and
to find out candidates who were conversely rough in the process of
answering and happened to have led to the correct answers by
accident.
A description will hereinafter be made about details of the digital
answer devices 1a, 1b and so on in the first embodiment. The
digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on each have a similar
configuration. Therefore, the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so
on will hereinafter be collectively called "the digital answer
device 1" except where needed to specifically distinguish and
indicate them. Similarly, the electronic pens 2a, 2b and so on each
have a similar configuration, and therefore the electronic pens 2a,
2b and so on will hereinafter be collectively called "the
electronic pen 2" except where needed to specifically distinguish
and indicate them.
[Details of Digital Answer Device 1]
FIG. 2 is an external view for describing an external appearance of
the digital answer device 1 in the large-scale examination system
according to the first embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the
digital answer device 1 has the shape of a so-called tablet
personal computer (PC), and a power button K1 is disposed in a
right upper side wall portion. Further, the digital answer device 1
includes a display device 104 having a display screen of the A4
size. Under the display device 104, a position detection sensor
105A is disposed facing the entire surface of the display screen of
the display device 104. As a consequence, various information such
as characters, symbols and figures can be inputted by handwriting,
specifically by bringing the electronic pen 2 in contact with the
display screen of the display device 104 to operate.
Surrounding the display screen of the display device 104, a bezel
portion formed by a front panel 1A is disposed. In an upper part of
the bezel portion, a submit button K2, a rightward page change
button K3R and a leftward page change button K3L are disposed. On a
right side portion of the bezel portion, a back button (right) K4R
and an eraser button (right) K5R are disposed. On a left side
portion of the bezel portion, a back button (left) K4L and an
eraser button (left) K5L are disposed. The back button (right) K4R
and eraser button (right) K5R are operating devices for a
left-handed user, while the back button (left) K4L and eraser
button (left) K5L are operating devices for a right-handed
user.
The power button K1 is an operating device for turning on or off a
power supply, and the submit button K2 is an operation button to be
operated when desired to submit (send) a series of answer
information, which has been inputted to examination questions, to
the host computer 4. The rightward page change button K3R and
leftward page change button K3L are operating devices for
performing page feeding in directions indicated by arrows,
respectively. The back button (right) K4R and back button (left)
K4L are each an operating device for canceling immediately
preceding inputted information to return to the last input state.
The eraser button (right) K5R and eraser button (left) K5L are
configured such that, while one of them is depressed, any operation
to the position detection sensor 105A by the electronic pen 2 is
processed as an erasing operation for inputted information.
FIG. 3 is an illustration for describing an outline of the digital
answer device 1 having the external appearance illustrated in FIG.
2. As depicted in FIG. 3, the digital answer device 1 has a
configuration in which a circuit board 1B, the position detection
sensor 105A and the display device 104 are stacked from the bottom
in this order inside a casing 1C and are sealed by the front panel
1A. The front panel 1A defines an opening at an area facing the
display screen of the display device 104, and the opening is
fitted, for example, with a protective glass, so that the display
screen of the display device 104 is protected.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for describing a configuration example of
the digital answer device 1. A sending and receiving antenna 101A
and a wireless communication device 101 are elements that realize
wireless communication functions. The wireless communication
functions realized by these elements enable mutual wireless
communication between the digital answer devices 1a, 1b and so on
and the host computer 4 via the APs 3a, 3b and so on, for example,
by a wireless local area network (LAN) of the Wi-Fi (registered
trade mark) specification.
Although not illustrated in the figure, a control circuit 102 is a
computer device configured of a central processing unit (CPU), a
read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a nonvolatile
memory such as, for example, a flash memory, and the like, all of
which are connected together via a bus. The control circuit 102
realizes functions that control individual elements of the digital
answer device 1. A memory device 103 includes one or both of an
internal memory and an external memory, and is programmed to enable
the writing and reading of various pieces of information such as,
for example, the answer sheet format and answer information in or
from these memories under control of the control circuit 102.
The internal memory mounted on the memory device 103 includes a
flash memory, an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM),
or the like, for example. An external memory detachably inserted in
the memory device 103 includes, on the other hand, various external
memories such as universal serial bus (USB) memories, secure
digital (SD) card memories and upper class SD card memories for
use.
If configured to include both an internal memory and an external
memory connected to the memory device 103, they can be used
separately such that they store different kinds of information,
respectively. It is also possible to use the internal memory and
the external memory in such a manner that the same information is
stored in both the internal memory and the external memory, the
data stored in the internal memory is used by the organizer side of
the examination, and the external memory is removed, taken back
home and used by the candidate who used the digital answer device 1
to take the examination.
The display device 104 is an element configured, for example, of a
thin display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an
organic electroluminescence (EL) display and a display-processing
circuitry. On the display device 104, the answer sheet format and
examination questions, and further, the candidate's No., name,
answer information and the like inputted by the candidate (user)
can be displayed under control of the control circuit 102.
The position detection sensor 105A and a position detection
circuitry 105B make up a position detection device 105. In this
embodiment, the position detection device 105 is of the Electro
Magnetic Resonance (EMR) (registered trademark) type, in other
words, an electromagnetic induction exchange type. Position
detection devices include those of an electrostatic capacitance
type. In the case of the position detection device of the
electrostatic capacitance type, however, it is also possible to
point and input by a user's finger or the like. There is hence a
possibility that the frequency of occurrence of input errors may
become higher. In the digital answer device 1, the position
detection device 105 of the electromagnetic induction exchange type
is adopted accordingly. A description will be made subsequently
herein about a configuration example of the position detection
device 105 of the electromagnetic induction exchange type.
An operation unit 106, as already mentioned above, includes the
power button K1, submit button K2, rightward page change button
K3R, leftward page change button K3L, back button (right) K4R, back
button (left) K4L, eraser button (right) K5R and eraser button
(left) K5L. If these operation buttons are operated, signals that
correspond to the operated buttons can be supplied to the control
circuit 102 or time-series data generation circuitry 107.
According to inputting operations performed to the position
detection sensor 105A by the candidate and inputting operations to
the individual operation buttons in the operation unit 106 by the
candidate, the time-series data generation circuitry 107 performs
processing to generate answer information as time-series data. A
clock circuit 108 provides a timing at which answer information is
formed as time-series data, for example, every 0.5 second, every
one second, or the like. Besides this, the clock circuit 108 also
has functions to provide current month/date/year, current weekday,
and current time. Details of generation processing of time-series
data at the time-series data generation circuitry 107 will be
described subsequently herein. The time-series data generation
circuitry 107 may be realized by the control circuit 102. The
individual elements other than the display device 104 and position
detection sensor 105A are disposed on the circuit board 1B depicted
in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram for describing configuration examples of
the position detection device 105 of the electromagnetic induction
exchange type mounted on the digital answer device 1 and the
electronic pen 2.
The electronic pen 2 is represented as a circuit configuration by a
resonant circuit formed of a coil 21 for signal sending and
reception, a writing-pressure detector 22 connected to the coil 21,
a resonant capacitor Cf connected in parallel to the
writing-pressure detector 22, and so on. Therefore, the electronic
pen 2 can point, to the position detection device 105, a position
on the position detection sensor 105A and at the same time, can
detect a writing pressure applied to the electronic pen 2 by the
candidate at that moment and can notify the position detection
device 105 of the writing pressure.
On the position detection device 105, on the other hand, the
position (coordinates) detection sensor 105A of the electromagnetic
induction exchange type is formed by arranging an X-axis loop coil
group Xa and a Y-axis loop coil group Ya together in a stacked
relationship. The loop coil groups Xa and Ya each consist of 40
rectangular loop coils. The individual loop coils that make up each
loop coil group Xa or Ya are disposed in a juxtaposed relationship
at equal intervals from each other and in a successively
overlapping relationship with each other.
Further, the position detection device 105 is also provided with a
selection circuit B3, to which the X-axis loop coil group Xa and
Y-axis loop coil group Ya are connected. This selection circuit B3
successively selects the loop coils one by one in one of the two
loop coil groups Xa and Ya.
Furthermore, the position detection device 105 is also provided
with an oscillator B1, a current driver B2, a connection switching
circuit B4, a reception amplifier B5, a detector B6, a low-pass
filter B7, a sample-and-hold circuit B8, an A/D conversion circuit
B9, a synchronous detector B10, a low-pass filter B11, a
sample-and-hold circuit B12, an analog to digital (A/D) conversion
circuit B13, and a control circuit B14 (e.g., CPU or
microprocessor).
The oscillator B1 generates an alternating current (AC) signal of
frequency f0, and supplies it to the current driver B2 and
synchronous detector B10. The current driver B2 converts the AC
signal, which has been supplied from the oscillator B1, to a
current, and delivers it to the connection switching circuit B4.
Under control from the control circuit B14 to be described
subsequently herein, the connection switching circuit B4 switches a
connection counterpart (a sending-side terminal T or a
reception-side terminal S) to which the loop coil selected by the
selection circuit B3 is to be connected. Of these connection
counterparts, to the sending-side terminal T the current driver B2
is connected, and to the reception-side terminal S the reception
amplifier B5 is connected.
An induced voltage generated in the loop coil selected by the
selection circuit B3 is delivered to the reception amplifier B5 via
the selection circuit B3 and connection switching circuit B4. The
reception amplifier B5 amplifies the induced voltage supplied from
the loop coil, and delivers it to the detector B6 and synchronous
detector B10.
The detector B6 detects the induced voltage generated in the loop
coil, in other words, the received signal, and delivers it to the
low-pass filter B7. The low-pass filter B7 has a cutoff frequency
sufficiently lower than the above-mentioned frequency f0, converts
the output signal of the detector B6 to a direct current (DC)
signal, and delivers it to the sample-and-hold circuit B8. The
sample-and-hold circuit B8 holds a voltage value at a predetermined
timing of an output signal from the low-pass filter B7,
specifically at a predetermined timing during a reception period,
and delivers it to the A/D conversion circuit B9. The A/D
conversion circuit B9 converts the analog output of the
sample-and-hold circuit B8 to a digital signal, and outputs it to
the control circuit B14.
On the other hand, the synchronous detector B10 synchronously
detects the output signal of the reception amplifier B5 by the AC
current from the oscillator B1, and delivers a signal of a level,
which corresponds to a phase difference between the output signal
and the AC signal, to the low-pass filter B11. This low-pass filter
B11 has a cutoff frequency sufficiently lower than the frequency
f0, converts the output signal of the synchronous detector B10 to a
DC signal, and delivers it to the sample-and-hold circuit B12. This
sample-and-hold circuit B12 holds a voltage value at a
predetermined timing of an output signal from the low-pass filter
B11, and delivers it to the A/D conversion circuit B13. The A/D
conversion circuit B13 converts the analog output of the
sample-and-hold circuit B12 to a digital signal, and outputs it to
the control circuit B14.
The control circuit B14 controls the individual elements of the
position detection device 105. Specifically, the control circuit
B14 controls the selection of the loop coil at the selection
circuit B3, the switching of the connection switching circuit B4,
and the timings of the sample-and-hold circuits B8 and B12. The
control circuit B14 causes sending of radio waves with a fixed
sending duration from the X-axis loop coil group Xa and Y-axis loop
coil group Ya based on input signals from the A/D conversion
circuits B9 and B13.
In the individual loop coils of the X-axis loop coil group Xa and
Y-axis loop coil group Ya, induced voltages occur by a radio wave
sent from the electronic pen 2. Based on the levels of the voltage
values of the induced voltages occurred in the individual loop
coils, the control circuit B14 calculates the coordinate values of
the position in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction as
pointed by the electronic pen 2. The control circuit B14 also
detects the writing pressure based on the phase difference between
the sent radio wave and the received radio wave. As described
above, the input device is constructed of the electronic pen 2 of
the electromagnetic induction exchange type and the position
detection device 105 of the electromagnetic induction exchange type
illustrated in FIG. 5, in this embodiment.
[Input of Answer to Digital Answer Device 1 and Generation
Processing of Answer Information]
Next, a description will be made about the manner of input of an
answer by using the digital answer device 1 having the
above-mentioned configuration and generation processing of answer
information at the digital answer device 1. FIGS. 6A to 6D are
illustrations for making a description on an inputting operation of
the answer to the digital answer device 1 in the first
embodiment.
As mentioned above, the digital answer device 1 receives the answer
sheet format and examination questions sent from the host computer
4, and stores them in the nonvolatile memory in the control circuit
102. The control circuit 102 then supplies the answer sheet format
and examination question, which are stored in the nonvolatile
memory, to the display device 104, and as illustrated in FIG. 6A,
displays an answer box according to the answer sheet format and the
examination question on the display screen of the display device
104.
The candidate reads the examination question displayed on the
display device 104, and inputs an answer with the electronic pen 2
in the answer box which is also displayed on the display device
104. For the sake of simplification of the description, the example
illustrated in FIG. 6A represents a case in which a mathematics
examination question for first to third graders in elementary
school has been presented. It is a matter of course that various
kinds of questions are to be presented according to a target
candidate who takes an examination to be conducted.
As illustrated in FIG. 6B, it is now assumed that in order to
answer to the presented examination question, the candidate has
begun to write a calculating equation with the electronic pen 2 in
a calculating equation entry box according to the answer sheet
format displayed on the display device 104. It is also assumed
that, when the candidate was about to write the upper horizontal
bar of an equal sign (=), the candidate has become aware that the
first written number should be "8" instead of "2." Here, the
candidate is assumed to be right-handed.
If the back button (left) K4L were used in this situation, the
inputted information would be erased in a backward order like the
number "3".fwdarw."-(minus)".fwdarw.the number "2." In the case of
this example, it is sufficient if only the leading number "2" is
erased. As illustrated in FIG. 6C, the candidate therefore traces a
position on the display device 104, where the number "2" is
displayed, or paints out an area on the display device 104, where
the number "2" is displayed, with the electronic pen 2 held by the
right hand while depressing the eraser button (left) K5L by the
left hand.
While the eraser button (left) K5L is depressed as described above,
the control circuit 102 can determine an operation onto the display
screen of the display device 104 by the electronic pen 2 to be an
erasing operation. The information written at the position traced
or the area painted out while the eraser button (left) K5L is
depressed is, hence, determined to be a target of erasure. The
control circuit 102 then controls the display device 104, and as
illustrated in FIG. 6C, erases the information written at the
traced position or painted-out area, specifically the number "2" in
the case of this example. If the depression of the eraser button
(left) K5L is stopped, the operation onto the display device 104 by
the electronic pen 2 can be determined to be an inputting
operation. As illustrated in FIG. 6D, the candidate, therefore,
writes the number "8" instead as a correct entry with the
electronic pen 2 at the position or area where the number "2" has
been erased, whereby the correction of the inputted information can
be made easily and directly. Moreover, it is unnecessary to take
such an action as holding an erasing electronic pen instead, so
that the occurrence of such a situation as halting the candidate's
thought can be avoided to the utmost.
Here, the candidate has been assumed to be right-handed. In the
case of a left-handed candidate, however, similar correction
processing can be performed using the eraser button (right) K5R.
More specifically, in the case of the left-handed candidate, the
eraser button (right) K5R is depressed by the right hand. During
the depression, with the electronic pen 2 held by the left hand, a
position on the display device 104 where a number as a target of
erasure is displayed is traced, or an area on the display device
104 where the number as the target of erasure is displayed is
painted out. As a consequence, the erasure of the number as the
target of erasure can be conducted. It is, therefore, possible to
configure that, depending on a right-handed user or a left-handed
user, neither an advantageous situation nor a disadvantageous
situation arises in an inputting operation.
As described above, the candidate can input answer information to
the digital answer device 1 with the electronic pen 2, and with the
eraser button (left) K5L or the eraser button (right) K5R, can also
erase only a number as a target of erasure to make a
correction.
The digital answer device 1 then generates, as time-series data,
the answer information inputted by the candidate. In this case, the
answer information as the time-series data is created including not
only the input operation but also the erasing operation, so that
data is created corresponding to all the operations performed to
the digital answer device 1 during the period of from the start of
the examination to the end of the examination.
[Specific Example of Answer Information as Time-Series Data]
FIG. 7 illustrates an example of the answer information generated
when the inputting operation of the answer and the erasing
operation with the eraser button (left) K5L are performed as
described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6D. Further, FIGS. 8A and
8B are illustrations for describing the configuration (minimum
unit) of an example of answer information and the configuration of
an example of transmittal answer information, each of which is
time-series data to be created at the digital answer device 1.
At the digital answer device 1, at the timepoint of every
predetermined timing provided by the clock circuit 108, a detection
output from the position detection circuitry 105B of the position
detection device 105 and operation information on the corresponding
one of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
acquired, and time-series data is created from such detection
outputs and operation information. Sets of such answer information
as time-series data serve as a series of answer information to the
examination questions.
As illustrated in FIG. 8A, the minimum unit configuration of the
answer information includes a timepoint tn, an X-coordinate Xn, a
Y-coordinate Yn, a writing pressure Pn, and a button status Sn. The
timepoint tn is information indicating the timepoint of every
predetermined timing provided from the clock circuit 108, and is,
for example, a timepoint of every interval of 0.5 second in the
first embodiment. Obviously, the timepoint tn can be set as a
timepoint of every interval shorter than every 0.5 second, or can
be set at a timepoint at relatively long every interval such as
every 0.7 second or every one second.
The X-coordinate Xn, Y-coordinate Yn and writing pressure Pn are
detection outputs from the position detection circuitry 105B of the
position detection device 105 as described with reference to FIG.
5. The button status Sn is information (operation information) that
indicates one of the operation buttons as operated from the
operation unit 106. Based on the timepoint tn, X-coordinate Xn,
Y-coordinate Yn, writing pressure Pn and button status Sn, the
time-series data generation circuitry 107 in the digital correction
device 1 creates answer information as time-series data at the
timepoint of every 0.5 second from the clock circuit 108.
When no operation is performed by the electronic pen 2 on the
display device 104 at the time point tn, the values of the
X-coordinate Xn, Y-coordinate Yn and writing pressure Pn each fall
at "0 (zero)" accordingly. When none of the operation buttons in
the operation unit 106 are operated at the time point tn, the value
of the button status Sn becomes "0 (zero)."
It is now assumed that, in the case of the example described with
reference to FIGS. 6A to 6D, the number "2" is first written at
time points t1 to t5 with the electronic pen 2 on the display
screen of the display device 104 as illustrated in a box under
"OPERATION INPUT" in FIG. 7. In this case, the time-series data
generation circuitry 107 creates, from timepoint information
delivered from the clock circuit 108, detection outputs delivered
from the position detection circuitry 105B and output values
delivered from the operation unit 106, five sets of time-series
data for the timepoints t1 to t5 as illustrated in a box under
"INPUTTED TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 7.
Because none of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
operated at the timepoints t1 to t5, the values of the button
statuses S1 to S5 are each "0 (zero)." As the timepoints t1 to t5,
X-coordinates X1 to X5, Y-coordinates Y1 to Y5 and writing
pressures P1 to P5 other than the button statuses S1 to S5, actual
detection values are inputted. As illustrated in a box under
"DISPLAY" in FIG. 7, the number "2" is then displayed at an area,
which corresponds to the operation, on the display screen of the
display device 104.
It is then assumed that at a next timepoint t6, the digital answer
device 1 has fallen in a state in which no operation whatsoever is
performed, specifically in a state in which the electronic pen 2 is
apart from the display screen of the display device 104 and none of
the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are depressed. Even
in this situation, time-series data is created. Even when the
electronic pen 2 is apart from the display screen of the display
device 104, there are two cases, one enabling to detect a position
on the position detection sensor 105A as pointed by the electronic
pen 2, and the other disabling to detect the pointed position.
The former is a case that the position on the position detection
sensor 105A as pointed by the electronic pen 2 can be detected as
the tip of the electronic pen 2 is in close proximity to the
display screen of the display device 104, for example, a case that
the candidate has completed inputting a number and transitions into
inputting a next number. In this case, the values of the writing
pressure and button status are written as "0 (zero)," and as the
values of the timepoint, X-coordinate and Y-coordinate, their
detection values are used. At a timepoint t6 in FIG. 7, the input
of the number "2" has been completed, and the processing is in the
process of a transition into inputting sign "-(minus)." Therefore,
as the timepoint t6, timepoint information from the clock circuit
108 is inputted; as the X-coordinate X6 and Y-coordinate Y6, their
detection values from the position detection circuitry 105B at the
timepoint are inputted, respectively; and the values of a writing
pressure P6 and a button status S6 are inputted as "0 (zero)."
The latter is a case that the electronic pen 2 is away by several
centimeters or more from the display screen of the display device
104 and therefore the position on the position detection sensor
105A as pointed by the electronic pen 2 cannot be detected, and is
a case that the digital answer device 1 is by no means in a state
of inputting a number or the like. In this case, the values of the
X-coordinate, Y-coordinate, writing pressure and button status
other than the timepoint are all inputted as "0 (zero)." If
time-series data in which the values of the parameters other than
the timepoint are all "0 (zero)" continues as described above, it
can be presumed that the digital answer device 1 is not in the
state of an inputting operation but its user (candidate) is in the
course of thinking.
Further, if an X-coordinate and a Y-coordinate have been detected
and the coordinate position represented by them does not change, in
other words, if data in which the timepoint changes, the
X-coordinate and Y-coordinate do not change and at least the button
status is "0 (zero)" continues because the position pointed by the
electronic pen 2 does not change, the user of the digital answer
device 1 is also presumed to be in the course of thinking. As is
appreciated from the foregoing, it is possible, depending on the
inputted time-series data, to grasp whether the user of the digital
answer device 1 is inputting a number or the like or is in the
course of thinking.
Next, it is assumed that sign "-(minus)" is written at time points
t7 to t9 with the electronic pen 2 on the display screen of the
display device 104 as illustrated in a box under "OPERATION INPUT"
in FIG. 7. In this case, the time-series data generation circuitry
107 creates, from timepoint information delivered from the clock
circuit 108, detection outputs delivered from the position
detection circuitry 105B and output values delivered from the
operation unit 106, three sets of time-series data for the
timepoints t7 to t9 as illustrated in a box under "INPUTTED
TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 7.
Because none of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
operated either at the timepoints t7 to t9, the values of the
button statuses S7 to S9 are each "0 (zero)." As the timepoints t7
to t9, X-coordinates X7 to X9, Y-coordinates Y7 to Y9 and writing
pressures P7 to P9 other than the button status S7 to S9, actual
detection values are inputted. As illustrated in a box under
"DISPLAY" in FIG. 7, sign "-(minus)" is then displayed at an area,
which corresponds to the operation, on the display screen of the
display device 104.
At a next timepoint t10, the input of sign "-(minus)" has been
completed, and the processing is in the process of a transition
into inputting the number "3," and the tip of the electronic pen 2
is in a state of being in close proximity to the display screen of
the display device 104. Therefore, as in the case at the timepoint
t6, as the time point t10, timepoint information from the clock
circuit 108 is inputted; as the X-coordinate X10 and Y-coordinate
Y10, their detection values from the position detection circuitry
105B are inputted, respectively; and the values of the writing
pressure P10 and button status 510 are inputted as "0 (zero)."
Next, it is assumed that the number "3" is written at time points
t11 to t15 with the electronic pen 2 on the display screen of the
display device 104 as illustrated in a box under "OPERATION INPUT"
in FIG. 7. In this case, the time-series data generation circuitry
107 creates, from timepoint information delivered from the clock
circuit 108, detection outputs delivered from the position
detection circuitry 105B and output values delivered from the
operation unit 106, five sets of time-series data for the
timepoints t11 to t15 as illustrated in a box under "INPUTTED
TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 7.
Because none of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
operated either at the timepoints t11 to t15, the values of the
button statuses 511 to S15 are each "0 (zero)." As the timepoints
t11 to t15, X-coordinates X11 to X15, Y-coordinates Y11 to Y15 and
writing pressures P11 to P15 other than the button statuses 511 to
S15, actual detection values are inputted. As illustrated in a box
under "DISPLAY" in FIG. 7, the number "3" is then displayed at an
area, which corresponds to the operation, on the display screen of
the display device 104.
At a next timepoint t16, the input of the number "3" has been
completed, and the processing is in the process of a transition
into a next operation, and the tip of the electronic pen 2 is in a
state of being in close proximity to the display screen of the
display device 104. Therefore, as in the case at the timepoint t6,
as the time point t16, timepoint information from the clock circuit
108 is inputted; as X-coordinate X16 and Y-coordinate Y16, their
detection values from the position detection circuitry 105B are
inputted, respectively; and the values of writing pressure P16 and
button status S16 are inputted as "0 (zero)."
It is now assumed that shortly after inputting the number "3," the
candidate had become aware that the first inputted (written) number
"2" was wrong and as illustrated in a box under "OPERATION INPUT"
in FIG. 7, an erasing operation of the number "2" was performed at
timepoints t17 to t21. Specifically, it is assumed that at the
timepoints t17 to t21, an operation of tracing the number "2,"
which was displayed on the display device 104, with the electronic
pen 2 was performed while depressing the eraser button (left) K5L.
In this case, the time-series data generation circuitry 107
creates, from timepoint information delivered from the clock
circuit 108, detection outputs delivered from the position
detection circuitry 105B and output values delivered from the
operation unit 106, five sets of time-series data for the
timepoints t17 to t21 as illustrated in a box under "INPUTTED
TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 7.
Because the eraser button (left) K5L in the operation unit 106 has
been operated at the timepoints t17 to t21, values which indicate
that the eraser button (left) K5L has been operated are inputted as
the button statuses S17 to S21. As the timepoints t17 to t21,
X-coordinates X17 to X21, Y-coordinates Y17 to Y21 and writing
pressures P17 to P21, actual detection values are then inputted. As
illustrated in a box under "DISPLAY" in FIG. 7, the digital answer
device 1 then comes into a display state that the first inputted
number "2" has been erased at an area, which corresponds to the
operation, on the display screen of the display device 104.
Because the number "2" as a target of erasure is surrounded by
dashed lines in the operation input box with an eraser mark added
therein in FIG. 7, a predetermined area in the vicinity of the
position indicated by the electronic pen 2 is subjected to erasure
in this case while the erasure button (left) K5L is operated. More
specifically, the control circuit 102 sets, as a virtual contact
surface with the eraser, the area of a circle of a predetermined
radius around the position pointed by the electronic pen 2 as
illustrated by placing small circles at a starting point (the
timepoint t17) and an ending point (the timepoint t21) of the
number "2" as the target of erasure. Because the virtual contact
surface with the eraser moves with a movement of the electronic pen
2, the control circuit 102 performs display control processing such
that a displayed trajectory existing in the area of the virtual
contact surface with the eraser, specifically the number "2" in
this case is erased.
At a next timepoint t22, the erasure of the number "2" has been
completed, and the processing is in the process of a transition
into a next operation, and the tip of the electronic pen 2 is in a
state of being in close proximity to the display screen of the
display device 104. As in the case at the time point t6, as the
time point t22, timepoint information from the clock circuit 108 is
inputted; as X-coordinate X22 and Y-coordinate Y22, their detection
values from the position detection circuitry 105B are inputted,
respectively; and the values of writing pressure P22 and button
status S22 are inputted as "0 (zero)."
Next, it is assumed that the number "8," which was considered to be
correct, was written at time points t23 to t27 with the electronic
pen 2 at the area, where the number "2" had been erased, on the
display screen of the display device 104 as illustrated in a box
under "OPERATION INPUT" in FIG. 7. In this case, the time-series
data generation circuitry 107 creates, from timepoint information
delivered from the clock circuit 108, detection outputs delivered
from the position detection circuitry 105B and output values
delivered from the operation unit 106, five sets of time-series
data for the timepoints t23 to t27 as illustrated in a box under
"INPUTTED TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 7.
Because none of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
operated either at the timepoints t23 to t27, the values of the
button statuses S23 to S27 are each "0 (zero)." As the timepoints
t23 to t27, X-coordinates X23 to X27, Y-coordinates Y23 to Y27 and
writing pressures P23 to P27 other than the button statuses S23 to
S27, actual detection values are inputted. As illustrated in a box
under "DISPLAY" in FIG. 7, the number "8" is then displayed at an
area, which corresponds to the operation, on the display screen of
the display device 104.
As described with reference to FIG. 7, answer information as
time-series data is created corresponding to all operation inputs
like the input of the number "2".fwdarw.the input of sign
"-(minus)".fwdarw.the input of the number "3".fwdarw.the erasure of
the number "2".fwdarw.the input of the number "8." Therefore, not
only the inputting operation but also the erasing operation is
included in the answer information. As a consequence, it is
possible to grasp all of the incorrectly inputted number, the
timing at which the user (candidate) had become aware of the
incorrect input, the rewritten answer, and so on.
Moreover, time-series data is created even if no operation is
performed and the position on the position detection sensor 105A as
pointed by the electronic pen 2 is not detected. It is, therefore,
possible to grasp, for example, the candidate's thinking time for
every examination question. More specifically, a period during
which time-series data that the values of the X-coordinate,
Y-coordinate, writing pressure and button status other than the
timepoint are "0 (zero)" continues is a thinking time. This
thinking time can be grasped as one for a question to which an
answer is made with the electronic pen 2 immediately after this
thinking time.
The answer information created as time-series data as described
above is stored and held in the nonvolatile memory in the control
circuit 10. When the answer information is put together into
transmittal answer information as illustrated in FIG. 8B and the
submit button K2 is depressed, the transmittal answer information
is sent to the host computer 4.
As illustrated in FIG. 8B, the transmittal answer information is
formed of header information including an examination place, a
subject, candidate's No., a name and the like, sets of answer
information created as time-series data as described with reference
to FIG. 7, an answer sheet format, and questions. The answer sheet
format and questions are added such that, when a grader marker
reproduces the answer information and makes marking, the grader
marker can display the answer sheet format and examination
questions in the mode illustrated in FIG. 6A, and can then
reproduce the status of answering according to the answer
information for marking.
If identification information has been added to the answer sheet
format and examination questions, the answer sheet format and
examination questions themselves may not be included in transmittal
answer information unlike the transmittal answer information
illustrated in FIG. 8B. The identification information added to the
answer sheet format and examination questions may be added to the
transmittal answer information. As an alternative, the answer sheet
format and examination questions can be separately managed by
adding different pieces of identification information to them, or
the examination questions and answer sheet format can be managed
together under a single piece of identification information by
taking the examination questions as parts of the answer sheet
format.
The digital answer device 1 includes the back button (left) K4L and
back button (right) K4R as mentioned above. It is, therefore,
possible to erase immediately preceding inputted information and to
have the inputted answer returned to the last state. In this case,
answer information is also created as time-series data as in the
case described with reference to FIG. 7.
FIG. 9 depicts another example of answer information to be
generated if the inputting operation of an answer and an erasing
operation, which uses the back button (left) K4L, are performed. In
the case of this example, it is assumed that, as illustrated in
FIG. 9, the number "8" was inputted at timepoints t1 to t5, the
sign "-(minus)" was inputted at timepoints t7 to t9, and the number
"2" was inputted at timepoints t11 to t15. In this case, "8-2" is
displayed on the display device 104 as also illustrated in FIG. 9.
At each of timepoints t6, t10, and t16, on the other hand, the
input of the number or the sign has been completed, and the
processing is in the process of a transition into a next operation.
Time-series data created at the timepoints t1 to t16 is, therefore,
created similar to the time-series data created at the timepoints
t1 to t16 as described with reference to FIG. 7, although there is
a difference in the order of inputting of the numbers.
It is now assumed that, immediately after inputting the number "2"
at the timepoints t11 to t15, the candidate had become aware that
the number "2" was a wrong input and as illustrated in a box under
"OPERATION INPUT" in FIG. 9, the back button (left) K4L was
depressed at a timepoint t17. In this case, the time-series data
generation circuitry 107 creates, from timepoint information
delivered from the clock circuit 108, detection outputs delivered
from the position detection circuitry 105B and output values
delivered from the operation unit 106, a single set of time-series
data for the timepoint t17 as illustrated in a box under "INPUTTED
TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 9.
Because the back button (left) K4L in the operation unit 106 has
been operated at the timepoint t17, a value which indicates that
the back button (left) K4L has been operated is inputted as a
button status S17. As the timepoint t17, X-coordinate X17,
Y-coordinate Y17 and writing pressure P17, actual detection values
are then inputted. As there is no detection output from the
position detection circuitry 105B in this case, value "0 (zero)" is
inputted as the X-coordinate X17, Y-coordinate Y17 and writing
pressure P17.
The control circuit 102 then cancels the operation performed at the
timepoints t11 to t15, which is the operation performed immediately
before the back button K4L was operated. As a consequence, as
illustrated in a box under "DISPLAY" in FIG. 9, a state, in which
the number "2" inputted immediately before the back button (left)
K4L was operated has been erased, is displayed on the display
screen of the display device 104. The input operation immediately
before the back button (left) K4L was operated can be specified as
an operation performed between the timepoint t10 and the timepoint
t16 which are timepoints where no input operation was
performed.
At a next timepoint t18, the digital answer device 1 is assumed to
be in a state that the depression of the back button (left) K4L has
been completed, the processing is in the process of a transition
into a next operation, the electronic pen 2 is apart from the
display screen of the display device 104, and none of the operation
buttons in the operation unit 106 are depressed. However, the tip
of the electronic pen 2 is in close proximity to the display screen
of the display device 104, and therefore the digital answer device
1 is in a state that the detection of a position on the position
detection sensor 105A as pointed by the electronic pen 2 is
possible. Therefore, as the time point t18, timepoint information
from the clock circuit 108 is inputted; as X-coordinate X18 and
Y-coordinate Y18, their detection values from the position
detection circuitry 105B are inputted, respectively; and the values
of writing pressure P18 and button status S18 are inputted as "0
(zero)."
Next, it is assumed that the number "3," which was considered to be
correct, was written at time points t19 to t23 with the electronic
pen 2 at the area, where the number "2" had been erased, on the
display screen of the display device 104 as illustrated in a box
under "OPERATION INPUT" in FIG. 9. In this case, the time-series
data generation circuitry 107 creates, from timepoint information
delivered from the clock circuit 108, detection outputs delivered
from the position detection circuitry 105B and output values
delivered from the operation unit 106, five sets of time-series
data for the timepoints t19 to t23 as illustrated in a box under
"INPUTTED TIME-SERIES DATA" in FIG. 9.
Because none of the operation buttons in the operation unit 106 are
operated either at the timepoints t19 to t23, the values of the
button statuses S19 to S23 are each "0 (zero)." As the timepoints
t19 to t23, X-coordinates X19 to X23, Y-coordinates Y19 to Y23 and
writing pressures P19 to P23 other than the button statuses S19 to
S23, actual detection values are inputted. As illustrated in a box
under "DISPLAY" in FIG. 9, the number "3" is then displayed at an
area, which corresponds to the operation, on the display screen of
the display device 104.
As described with reference to FIG. 9, answer information as
time-series data is created corresponding to all operation inputs
like the input of the number "8".fwdarw.the input of sign
"-(minus)".fwdarw.the input of the number "2".fwdarw.an input by
the back button (the erasure of the number "2" inputted immediately
before).fwdarw.the input of the number "3." Therefore, not only the
inputting operation but also the erasing operation is included in
the answer information. The answer information created as described
above is also put together into such transmittal answer information
as illustrated in FIG. 8B, and is sent to the host computer 4.
As a consequence, even when the back button (left) K4L has been
operated, it is possible to grasp all of the incorrectly inputted
number, the timing at which the user (candidate) had become aware
of the incorrect input, the rewritten answer, and so on. Obviously,
even if the back button (right) K4R has been depressed, it is
similarly possible to make the creation of answer information as
time-series data and the display or erasure of inputted information
according to operations.
The host computer 4 then sends the transmittal answer information,
which has been received from each digital answer device 1, to the
cloud system 5. In the cloud system 5, marking and grading are made
to determine successful candidates, and a listing of such
successful candidates can be provided to the organizer of the
examination. As mentioned above, the organizer (specifically,
grader markers) of the examination then checks the answer
information as needed, and can appropriately specify finally
successful candidates.
As described above, the digital answer device 1 of the first
embodiment can receive an input of answers, which have been made
using the electronic pen 2, from a candidate, and can create and
hold answer information as time-series data according to the
answers. Then, the digital answer device 1 of the first embodiment
can create transmittal answer information, and can submit the
answer information to the cloud system 5 via the host computer
4.
Further, the use of the eraser button (left) K5L or eraser button
(right) K5R allows to erase an answer portion as a wrong input
without replacing the electronic pen 2 with an erasing electronic
pen, and can promptly and appropriately input a correct answer to
promptly finalize the first inputted answer into an answer that is
considered to be correct as a whole. In addition, the answer
information is time-series data, so that, if a need arises, the
grader marker can reproduce the status at the time of the answering
and can appropriately make regrading or the like of the answer.
It is possible to program the digital answer device 1 such that,
when the submit button K2 is depressed, for example, the
transmittal answer information illustrated in FIG. 8B and created
in the nonvolatile memory in the control circuit 102 is stored in
the external memory connected to the memory device 103 and the
candidate can take the external memory back home. As a consequence,
the candidate can reproduce the transmittal answer information,
which is stored in the external memory, at home by using his or her
own personal computer or the like, and can make self-marking.
If it is programmed to store the transmittal answer information in
the external memory connected to the memory device 103, rewriting
is disabled to prevent any alteration of the transmittal answer
information. It is possible to take a measure, for example, such
that in order to convert the external memory to a read-only memory,
the external memory is rendered no longer usable if information
such as a header part is rewritten. Besides this, various methods
can be used as methods for disabling rewriting.
If an appropriate measure is taken to prevent any alteration of the
transmittal answer information stored in the external memory
connected to or removed from the memory device 103 as described
above, the candidate can keep it with him or her and, if any doubt
arises as to the marking, can use it as an evidence upon making an
objection.
Under control of the control circuit 102, it is also possible to
disable operation of the eraser button (right) K5R while the eraser
button (left) K5L is operated and to disable operation of the
eraser button (left) K5L while the eraser button (right) K5R is
used.
[Advantageous Effects of First Embodiment]
With the digital answer device 1 of the first embodiment, the use
of the eraser button (left) K5L or eraser button (right) K5R
enables to conduct the erasure of a desired portion with the
electronic pen 2, which is used in writing, without additionally
providing an erase-dedicated electronic pen. An action to replace
the electronic pen 2 with an erase-dedicated electronic pen is,
therefore, not needed, so that an erasing action is prevented from
interfering with a line of thought.
Further, the answer information can be created as time-series data.
By doing so, the answers can also be marked by a computer and, if a
need arises, the status of answering can be reproduced
(reconstructed) for easy regrading of the answers.
Second Embodiment (Distance Learning System)
FIG. 10 is an illustration for describing an outline of a distance
learning system 900 according to a second embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 10, the distance learning system 900 is
constructed of a personal computer 6 and a digital answer device
1X, both of which a student uses, for example, at home or the like,
and a digital correction device 7, which a corrector (tutor) uses,
connected together via a cloud system 5A. Through such a distance
learning system, distance learning for various objectives can be
conducted including, for example, subject learning courses or
admission examination preparation courses for elementary school
students, junior high school students or high school students, and
certification examination preparation courses or qualifying
examination preparation courses for university/college students and
adults.
As illustrated in FIG. 10, the cloud system 5A is provided with a
data storage device 51A and a lesson providing module 52A. The data
storage device 51A has a format etc. storage area, an answer
information storage area, and a lesson information storage area. In
the format etc. storage area, an answer sheet format and
examination questions to be provided to the students are stored. In
the answer information storage area, answer information from the
student is stored. In the lesson information storage area, material
information such as videos and still images, which make up lessons
in the courses, are stored.
The lesson providing module 52A provides lessons in students'
intended courses by providing, in response to requests from the
students, material information such as videos and still images,
which make up the lessons, from the lesson information storage area
of the data storage device 51A. In addition, the lesson providing
module 52A also provides the students with the examination
questions and answer sheet format which are both stored in the data
storage device 51A, and further has a function to conduct
examinations for checking the depth of understanding of
lessons.
At home or the like, for example, each student requests for the
provision of a lesson to the lesson providing module 52A of the
cloud system 5A through his or her own personal computer 6, and by
the personal computer 6, reproduces videos and still images for the
intended course to take the lesson. The student also requests for
an examination to the lesson providing module 52A of the cloud
system 5A through his or her own personal computer 6, receives the
provision of an answer sheet format and examination questions for
the examination, and takes the examination. In this case, the
examination questions are provided to the student by displaying
them on the personal computer 6, and the answer sheet format is
provided from the personal computer 6 to the digital answer device
1X.
The digital answer device 1X has a configuration similar to that of
the digital answer device 1 in the first embodiment as described
with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. Therefore, the digital answer
device 1X will also be described as having the configurations
illustrated, illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5. However, the digital
answer device 1X in the second embodiment includes a digital
interface of, for example, a USB specification or the like, and is
connectable to the personal computer 6 by wire. In this respect
only, the digital answer device 1X in the second embodiment is
different from the digital answer device 1 in the first embodiment.
When connected to the personal computer 6 via the digital
interface, the digital answer device 1X functions as an input
device for the personal computer 6.
Upon reception of the provision of the answer sheet format from the
personal computer 6, the digital answer device 1X displays it on
the display device 104, and makes it ready to receive an input of
answers to the answer sheet format through the position detection
device 105. Similar to the case of the first embodiment, the
student inputs answers to the digital answer device 1X by using the
electronic pen 2. As described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 9, the
digital answer device 1X receives the input of the answers by the
electronic pen 2, generates answer information as time-series data,
put it together into transmittal answer information, and sends it
to the cloud system 5A through the personal computer 6. As a
consequence, the transmittal answer information generated at the
student's digital answer device 1X is stored in the answer
information storage area of the data storage device 51A of the
cloud system 5A.
On the other hand, the corrector (tutor) accesses to the cloud
system 5A through the digital correction device 7, downloads the
transmittal answer information of the student, of whom he or her
takes charge, from the answer information storage area of the data
storage device 51A, and stores it in a memory device 703 (see FIG.
13) of the digital correction device 7. The corrector (tutor) then
reproduces the transmittal answer information, marks and grades the
answers of the student with the electronic pen 2B while checking
the depth of the student's understanding, and inputs "true (T),"
"false (F)," explanatory notes, commentary notes and/or the like.
This inputted information is stored and held as correction
information. The correction information so generated is added to
the transmittal answer information and is uploaded from the digital
correction device 7 to the cloud system 5A, and the student can
read the details of corrections by using his or her own personal
computer 6 and digital answer device 1X.
In the second embodiment, the answer information is also generated
as time-series data in the digital answer device 1X of the student.
At the digital answer device 7, the status of answering can be
grasped by using the answer information, which has been generated
as time-series data at the digital answer device 1, as it is, and
therefore, the depth of the student's understanding can be grasped
more precisely.
Specifically, it is possible not only to find out the questions
answered wrong but also to precisely find out how the wrong answers
have been derived, how changes have been made to result in the
wrong answers, and conversely how the correct answers have been
reached. In addition, it is also possible to find out the order of
answering, the time required for answering, and so on, and also to
easily find out which questions the student has struggled to answer
with time, and which questions the student has been able to answer
without spending much time.
[Details of Digital Correction Device 7]
FIG. 11 is an external view for describing an external appearance
of the digital correction device 7 in the distance learning system
900 according to the second embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 11,
the digital correction device 7 has the shape of a so-called tablet
personal computer (PC). This digital correction device 7 is also
provided with operation buttons similar to those in the digital
answer device 1 in the first embodiment. In the digital correction
device 7 illustrated in FIG. 11, the operation buttons, which
realize similar functions as the operation buttons arranged in the
digital answer device 1 in the first embodiment, are, therefore,
identified by similar reference signs, and their detailed
description is omitted herein.
More specifically, the power button K1 is disposed in a right upper
side wall portion of the digital correction device 7 as illustrated
in FIG. 11. Further, the digital correction device 7 includes a
display device 704 having a display screen of the A4 size. Under
the display device 704, a position detection sensor 705A is
disposed facing the entire surface of the display screen of the
display device 704. As a consequence, various pieces of information
such as characters, symbols and figures can be inputted by
handwriting by bringing an electronic pen 2B in contact with the
display screen of the display device 704 to operate. The electronic
pen 2B has a similar configuration as the electronic pen 2.
Surrounding the display screen of the display device 704, a bezel
portion formed by a front panel 7A is disposed. On an upper-side
portion of the bezel portion, the rightward page change button K3R
and leftward page change button K3L are disposed. In addition, on
the right-side portion of the bezel portion, the back button
(right) K4R and the eraser button (right) K5R are disposed. On a
left-side portion of the bezel portion, the back button (left) K4L
and the eraser button (left) K5L are disposed.
Similar to the digital answer device 1 described with reference to
FIG. 3, the digital correction device 7 is configured of a casing,
a circuit board, the position detection sensor 705A, the display
device 704 and the front panel 7A, which are stacked in this order
from the bottom. Further, as mentioned above, it is configured to
enable input operations to the digital correction device 7 by the
electronic pen 2B as in the case of the digital answer device 1 in
the first embodiment.
As illustrated in FIG. 11, a time bar TB, a slider SL, an answer
layer button LB1, a mark layer button LB2 and a seal layer button
LB3 are displayed on the display device 704 of the digital
correction device 7. They are so-called software operating devices
which are operably displayed by software.
Specifically, the time bar TB and the slider SL are operated when
answer information as time-series data is reproduced along a time
series. Specifically, an upper end portion of the time bar TB is
set as an examination start timepoint, and a lower end portion of
the time bar TB is set as an examination end timepoint. By
slidingly moving the position of the slider SL on the time bar TB,
the answering status corresponding to the answer information as
time-series data can be sequentially reproduced (displayed) on the
display device 704 according to the sliding movement of the slider
SL.
Further, it is possible to display, on the display device 704, the
answers that correspond to the answer information from the
examination start timepoint at the upper end portion of the time
bar TB to a timepoint where the slider SL is placed. If the slider
SL is placed at the lower end portion of the time bar TB, the
answers to the relevant page in the answer sheet format can be all
displayed accordingly. Moreover, the answers corresponding to the
answer information as the time-series data can each be displayed
little by little on the display device 704 according to the sliding
movement of the slider SL on the time bar TB, so that the corrector
(tutor) can make correction while reviewing the status of the
student's answering in detail.
With the digital correction device 7, data to be processed is
arranged in a layered structure, so that the piece of data as a
processing target can be changed depending on the layer. For this
purpose, the answer layer button LB1, mark layer button LB2, and
seal layer button LB3 are arranged.
FIG. 12 is an illustration for making a description on the layered
structure of the data to be processed in the distance learning
system according to the second embodiment. In the second
embodiment, the data to be processed is arranged in a four-level
hierarchy of an answer sheet format layer LY1, an answer layer LY2,
a mark layer LY3, and a seal layer LY4 as depicted in FIG. 12. The
answer sheet format layer LY1 is a layer for primarily displaying a
format corresponding to the answer sheet format, and the answer
layer LY2 is a layer for displaying an answer according to the
answer information. The mark layer LY3 is a layer for making
marking and inputting correction information with respect to the
answer, and the seal layer LY4 is a layer for inputting seal
information.
When the answer layer button LB1 illustrated in FIG. 11 is
depressed, the answer sheet format expanded on the answer sheet
format layer LY1 and the answer according to the answer information
expanded on the answer layer LY2 are displayed on the display
device 704. According to operations of the rightward page change
button K3R and leftward page change button K3L, the pages can be
changed to enable the review of the individual pages in the answer
sheet format.
When the mark layer button LB2 is depressed, the answer sheet
format expanded on the answer sheet format layer LY1 and the
answers corresponding to the answer information expanded on the
answer layer LY2 are displayed on the display device 704. In this
case, the slider SL on the time bar TB is operated to enable the
reproduction (display) of the answers corresponding to the answer
information according to the sliding movement. Further, the
correction information such as "true (T)," "false (F)," explanatory
notes, commentary notes and/or the like can be inputted to the mark
layer LY3.
When the seal layer button LB3 is depressed, the answer sheet
format expanded on the answer sheet format layer LY1, the answers
corresponding to the answer information expanded on the answer
layer LY2, and the details of the corrections corresponding to the
correction information expanded on the mark layer LY3 are displayed
on the display device 704. Further, the seal information can be
inputted to the seal layer LY4.
FIG. 13 is a block diagram for describing a configuration example
of the digital correction device 7. A sending and receiving antenna
701A and a wireless communication device 701 are elements that
realize wireless communication functions. The functions of the
sending and receiving antenna 701A and wireless communication
device 701 enable the digital correction device 7 to access to the
cloud system 5A, for example, through a wireless LAN of the Wi-Fi
(registered trade mark) specification and the Internet or through a
mobile phone network and the Internet.
Although not illustrated in the figure, a control circuit 702 is a
computer device including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a nonvolatile video
memory such as, for example, a flash memory, and the like, all of
which are connected together via a bus. The control circuit 702
realizes functions that control individual elements of the digital
correction device 7. A memory device 703 includes one or both of an
internal memory and an external memory like the memory device 103
in the above-mentioned digital answer device 1. The memory device
703 is programmed to enable the writing, erasure and reading of the
answer sheet format, answer information, correction information,
seal information and the like in or from the internal memory and
external memory of the memory device 703 under control of the
control circuit 702.
The display device 704 is an element including, for example, a thin
display device such as an LCD or organic EL display and a
display-processing circuitry. On the display device 704, various
pieces of information such as the answer sheet format, answer
information, correction information and seal information can be
displayed under control of the control circuit 702.
The position detection sensor 705A and a position detection
circuitry 705B make up a position detection device 705. The
position detection device 705 is of an electromagnetic induction
exchange type (the EMR (registered trademark) type). Therefore, the
position detection device 705 in the digital correction device 7 is
also configured like the position detection device 105 in the
digital answer device 1 as described with reference to FIG. 5.
An operation unit 706, as already mentioned above, includes the
power button K1, rightward page change button K3R, leftward page
change button K3L, back button (right) K4R, back button (left) K4L,
eraser button (right) K5R and eraser button (left) K5L. If these
operation buttons are operated, signals that correspond to the
operated buttons can be supplied to the control circuit 702.
Time-series data reproduction circuitry 707 performs processing to
reproduce (display), for example, the answers, which correspond to
the student's answer information stored in the external memory
connected to the memory device 703, on the display device 704
according to the sliding movement of the slider SL on the time bar
TB as described with reference to FIG. 11. In other words, the
time-series data reproduction circuitry 707 performs processing to
display, on the display device 704, the answer or answers
corresponding to the answer information from the examination start
timepoint to the timepoint where the slider SL is placed on the
time bar TB. The time-serier data reproduction circuitry 707 may be
realized by the control circuit 702.
According to the status of operations of the answer layer button
LB1, mark layer button LB2 and seal layer button LB3, layer control
circuitry 708 specifies a layer to be used, and performs processing
to control information to be displayed and information the input of
which is to be accepted. When making a correction, the corrector
(tutor) hence downloads the transmittal answer information of a
target student from the cloud system 5A, and stores it in the
external memory connected to the memory device 703. The layer
control circuitry 708 may be realized by the control circuit
702.
When the answer layer button LB1 is depressed, the layer control
circuitry 708 performs processing to expand the answer sheet
format, which is stored in the external memory connected to the
memory device 703, on the answer sheet format layer LY1, to expand
the answer information on the answer layer LY2, and to display them
simultaneously on the display device 704. When the mark layer
button LB2 is depressed, the layer control circuitry 708 displays
the answer sheet format, which has been expanded on the answer
sheet format layer LY1, and the answer, which corresponds to the
answer information expanded on the answer layer LY2, on the display
device 704. According to a sliding movement of the slider SL on the
time bar TB, the time-series data reproduction circuitry 707 makes
the reproduction of the answer information, and the layer control
circuitry 708 enables the input of the correction information to
the mark layer LY3.
When the seal layer button LB3 is depressed, the layer control
circuit 708 displays the answer sheet format expanded on the answer
sheet format layer LY1, the answer or answers corresponding to the
answer information expanded on the answer layer LY2 and details of
the correction corresponding to the correction information expanded
on the mark layer LY3 on the display device 704. Further, the layer
control circuitry 708 enables the input of the seal information to
the seal layer LY4.
As described above, the layer control circuitry 708 displays the
answer sheet format and the answer or answers on the display device
704. In addition, the layer control circuitry 708 also enables the
input of the correction information to the mark layer LY3 when the
mark layer button LB2 is depressed, and the input of the seal
information to the seal layer LY4 when the seal layer button LB3 is
depressed.
[Input of Correction Information to Digital Correction Device
7]
Next, a description will be made about the reproduction of answers
and the manner of input of correction information by use of the
digital correction device 7 having the above-mentioned
configuration. FIGS. 14A to 14C are illustrations for making a
description on an example of display information upon reproduction
of answer information at the digital correction device 7.
The corrector (tutor) inputs the "Student No." of a student as a
target of correction to the prescribed position on the display
device 704 of the digital correction device 7, creates a request
for the provision of the transmittal answer information including
this "Student No.," and sends the request to the cloud system 5A.
Responsive to the request, the student's transmittal answer
information specified by the designated "Student No." is sent back
from the cloud system 5A. The digital correction device 7 receives
the student's transmittal answer information through the sending
and receiving antenna 701A and wireless communication device 701.
The control circuit 702 then stores the received transmittal answer
information in the external memory connected to the memory device
703, and holds it ready for use.
When the corrector (tutor) subsequently depress, with the
electronic pen 2B, the mark layer button LB2 displayed on the
display device 704, the answer sheet format is expanded on the
answer sheet format layer LY1 and is displayed on the display
device 704 as illustrated in FIG. 14A. In the case of the example
of FIGS. 14A to 14C, the answer sheet format includes an entry box
AR1 for an equation for Question 1, an entry box AR2 for an answer
to Question 1, an entry box AR3 for an equation for Question 2, and
an entry box AR4 for an answer to Question 2.
It is also programmed such that the answers corresponding to the
answer information can be expanded on the answer layer LY2 and can
then be displayed. The expansion of the answers corresponding to
the answer information can be conducted according to a sliding
movement of the slider SL on the time bar TB, and the answers can
then be displayed on the display device 704. The sliding movement
of the slider SL can be caused by bringing the electronic pen 2B
into contact with the displayed position of the slider SL and
moving the electronic pen 2B while keeping it in contact with the
displayed position.
It is also possible to further arrange a capacitive touch sensor
facing the display screen of the display device 704 in the digital
correction device 7, and to arrange a detection circuitry that can
detect a pointed position based on an output signal from the touch
sensor. Specifically, the position detection sensor 705A of the
electromagnetic induction exchange type and the capacitive touch
sensor can also be mounted to realize a hybrid position detecting
function. If the capacitive touch sensor is mounted as described
above, the corrector (tutor), with his or her own finger, can
operate the slider SL, and can also operate the answer layer button
LB1, mark layer button LB2 and seal layer button LB3.
It is now assumed that the slider SL placed at the upper end
portion of the time bar TB has been slidingly moved little by
little to an intermediate position of the time bar TB. In this
case, owing to the function of the time-series data reproduction
circuitry 707, the answers corresponding to the answer information
from the examination start timepoint to the timepoint at which the
slider SL has been placed are expanded on the answer layer LY2
according to a sliding movement of the slider SL, and the answers
are sequentially displayed on the display device 704, as
illustrated in FIG. 14B. Therefore, the status of answering (entry)
of the equation for Question 1 into the entry box AR1 and the
answer to Question 1 into the entry box AR2 are reproduced.
In this case, the answers corresponding to the answer information
are expanded on the answer layer LY2 and are sequentially
displayed, according to the sliding movement of the slider SL. If
the student has corrected at least one of the answers, the status
of the correction is also reproduced. If the input of the answers
is performed, for example, as described with reference to FIGS. 6A
to 7, it is also possible to find out, for example, the status that
the leading number "2" is erased and the number "8" is written
instead.
It is next assumed that the slider SL placed at the intermediate
position of the time bar TB has been slidingly moved little by
little to the lower end portion of the time bar TB. In this case,
owing to the function of the time-series data reproduction
circuitry 707, the answer according to the answer information from
the timepoint corresponding to the intermediate position of the
time bar TB, at which the slider SL was placed, to the timepoint
corresponding to the lower end portion of the time bar TB, where
the slider SL has been placed, is expanded on the answer layer LY2
according to the sliding movement of the slider SL, and the answer
is sequentially displayed on the display device 704, as illustrated
in FIG. 14C. Therefore, the status of answering (entry) of the
equation for Question 2 into the entry box AR3 and the answer to
Question 2 into the entry box AR4 is reproduced.
By reproducing (displaying) the answering status, which corresponds
to the answer information, on the display device 704 along with the
sliding movement of the slider SL on the time bar TB, the corrector
(tutor) can find out the answering status in detail. In the status
illustrated in FIGS. 14A to 14C, the correction information can be
inputted to the mark layer LY3 through the position detection
device 705 by performing an operation with the electronic pen 2B on
the display screen of the display device 704. The inputted
correction information is recorded in the external memory connected
to the memory device 703 under control of the control circuit
702.
Therefore, to the mark layer LY3, "T" and "F" can be added as
depicted in FIG. 12, and explanatory notes and/or commentary notes
can also be inputted. In this case, by setting to enable specifying
a pen color, it is possible, for example, to input "T," "F,"
explanatory notes and commentary notes, for example, in red, or to
input "T" and "F" in red and to input explanatory notes and
commentary notes in blue. As described above, corrections can be
inputted in a mode different from that of answers.
In the case of the example illustrated in FIGS. 14A to 14C, the
answers are made in the order of Question 1.fwdarw.Question 2. The
answers may, however, be made in the order of Question
2.fwdarw.Question 1. In such a case, the answers are reproduced
according to the answer information as the time-series data such
that the answer to Question 2 is displayed first and the answer to
Question 1 is displayed next.
If the seal layer button LB3 is then depressed, the input of seal
information to the seal layer LY4 becomes possible. As the seal
information, a seal impression image which has been provided
beforehand and includes the name of the corrector (tutor) and the
month/date/year of the correction can be added to a predetermined
position on the answer sheet format. To the seal layer, character
information such as a review, summary comments and a learning
policy from now on can be inputted and added by the corrector
(tutor).
FIG. 15 depicts a table for describing an example of transmittal
correction information to be generated at the digital correction
device 7. As illustrated in FIG. 15, the transmittal correction
information includes header information such as "STUDENT NO.,"
"STUDENT NAME" and "SUBJECT," answer information (information on
the answer layer), an answer sheet format (information on the
answer sheet format layer), correction information (information on
the mark layer), and seal information (information on the seal
layer).
The header information, answer information and answer sheet format
are those which correspond to the transmittal answer information
created at the student's digital answer device 1X. These pieces of
information are not altered at the digital correction device 7.
Further, the correction information and seal information are those
which have been inputted by the corrector (tutor) to the digital
correction device 7. Although not illustrated in FIG. 11, by
depressing a correction end button displayed at a predetermined
position on the display device 704 in the digital correction device
7 after the correction work, the transmittal correction information
illustrated in FIG. 15 is created in the external memory connected
to the memory device 703. This transmittal correction information
is uploaded to the cloud system 5A and stored, for example, in the
data storage device 51A, so that the student can download the
transmittal correction information by using his or her own personal
computer 6 and can then check the correction information.
In the distance learning system of the second embodiment, the
correction information to be inputted and generated at the digital
correction device 7 is not needed to be time-series data unlike the
answer information. Therefore, the correction information can be
converted to various kinds of corresponding data such that the
correction information is changed to image information on every
page of the answer sheet format or "T" and "F" are changed to image
information while texts such as explanatory notes or commentary
notes are changed to character information.
The correction information can also be created as time-series data
as in the case of the answer information by providing the digital
correction device 7 with time-series data generation circuitry and
a clock circuit similar to those in the digital answer device
1.
[Summary of Processing at Digital Correction Device 7]
FIGS. 16 and 17 are flow charts for making a description on
correction processing to be performed at the digital correction
device 7. The processing illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17 is
performed at the control circuit 702 by selecting an item
corresponding to "CORRECTION PROCESSING" from a prescribed menu
screen after the digital correction device 7 has been turned
on.
First, the control circuit 702 displays, on the display device 704,
an initial screen that receives an input of "STUDENT NO." or the
like (S101), and controls to receive an operation input from the
corrector (user) (S102). Subsequently, the control circuit 702
determines whether or not a predetermined ending operation such as,
for example, depression of the end button displayed on the display
device 704 has been received (S103). If the predetermined ending
operation is determined to have been received through the
determination processing at S103, the initial input screen
displayed at S101 is erased, and a series of ending processing is
performed to have the display screen returned to the state before
the performance of the correction processing (S104), and the
processing illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17 is ended.
If the predetermined ending operation is determined not to have
been received through the determination processing at S103, on the
other hand, it is determined, subsequent to the reception of
"STUDENT NO.," whether or not a confirmation input has been
received (S105). If the confirmation input is determined not to
have been received after the reception of "STUDENT NO." through the
determination processing at 105, no effective operation has been
performed, and the processing from S102 is repeated.
It is now assumed that through the determination processing at
S105, the confirmation input is determined to have been received
after the reception of "STUDENT NO." In this case, the control
circuit 702 creates a request for the provision of transmittal
answer information including the inputted "STUDENT NO.," transmits
the request to the cloud system 5A, receives and acquires the
provision of the transmittal answer information of the intended
student, and stores the transmittal answer information in the
external memory connected to the memory device 103 (S106).
As illustrated in FIG. 11, the control circuit 102 then displays
the answer layer button LB1, mark layer button LB2 and seal layer
button LB3, and receives a selective input of a layer from the
corrector (user) (S107). Subsequently, the control circuit 702
determines whether or not the mark layer button LB2 has been
depressed, in other words, whether or not the mark layer has been
selected (S108).
If determined through the determination processing at S108 that the
mark layer has not been selected, the control circuit 702 performs
processing corresponding to the selected layer (S111). If the
answer layer button LB1 has been selected, for example, the layer
control circuitry 708 functions under control of the control
circuit 702 to perform display of the answer sheet format and the
answer according to the answer information on the display device
704 at S111. If the seal layer button LB3 has been selected, on the
other hand, the layer control circuitry 708 functions under control
of the control circuit 702 at S111 to perform display of the answer
sheet format, the answer according to the answer information and
the correction information on the display device 704. The control
circuit 702 then enables an input to the seal layer, and receives
the input of the seal information.
The mark layer is assumed to have been selected though the
determination processing at S108. In this case, the control circuit
702 controls the layer control circuitry 708 to display the answer
sheet format, enables the reproduction of the answer according to
the answer information, and further begins to receive the
correction information to the mark layer (S109). As described with
reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C, the control circuit 702 then enables
time-series reproduction of the answer information by the time bar
TB and slider SL (S110).
After the processing at S111 or after the processing at S110, the
processing proceeds to the processing at S112 of FIG. 16, and an
operation input to the correction end button displayed at the
predetermined position on the display device 704 is received
(S112). Subsequently, the control circuit 702 determines whether or
not the correction end button has been operated (S113).
If determined through the determination process at S113 that the
correction end button has not been operated, the control circuit
702 repeats the processing from S112. In this case, the input of
the correction information as started at S109 and the time-series
reproduction of the answer information as started at S110 are
continuously performed.
If determined through the determination process at S113 that the
correction end button has been operated, the control 702 creates
the transmittal correction information described with reference to
FIG. 15, and performs processing to upload it to the cloud system
5A (S114). Subsequently, the control circuit 702 ends the
correction to the answer information of the student identified by
"STUDENT NO." indicated this time, and performs the processing from
S101 of FIG. 16. As a consequence, it is now possible to make
correction to the answer information of another student or to end
the correction processing itself.
[Advantageous Effects of Second Embodiment]
In this second embodiment, the digital answer device 1X, owing to
the use of the eraser button (left) K5L or the eraser button
(right) K5R, also enables to erase a desired part with the
electronic pen 2, which is dedicated for writing, without
additionally providing an erase-dedicated electronic pen.
Therefore, it is unnecessary to take such an action as holding an
erase-dedicated electronic pen instead, so that the occurrence of
such a situation as interfering with a series of thought by an
erasing action can be avoided.
Further, the answer information can be created as time-series data.
As a consequence, the answers can be marked by a computer and, if a
need arises, the status of answering can be reproduced
(reconstructed) for easy regrading or the like of the answers.
In particular, correction with the digital correction device 7
makes it possible to make marking and correction while making
time-series reproduction of the answer information. By doing so, it
is possible to confirm matters such as where the student stumbled,
where the student made a mistake, where the student is good at, and
whether the student did not make any unfair answering such as
cheating. As the thought process, the status of idea and
imagination, and the like can be found out from calculating
equations, sketches, diagrams, texts, notes and the like included
in the answer information, it is also possible to grasp, for
example, that the student has genius thinking power.
As a consequence, the status of the student's attainment in
learning can be confirmed. It is, therefore, possible to take an
appropriate measure for every student, such as providing a lesson
tailored to each student or adjusting the speed of provision of the
lesson.
In addition, the use of the answer information as the time-series
data also makes it possible, for example, to mark whether or not
the writing order a Chinese character is correct.
[Advantageous Effects Common to Embodiments]
According to the digital answer devices in the first and second
embodiments, the use of the operation unit makes it possible to
simply and appropriately make a correction of inputted information.
Further, the input process of the inputted information can be
easily reproduced by creating the information as time-series data
and using the time-series data. It is, therefore, possible to
appropriately make the correction of the inputted information and
also to appropriately reproduce the input process of the
information. Accordingly, by applying the present disclosure upon
conducting various examinations lead by admission examinations, the
input process of each answer can be appropriately found out, and
grading of the answer can be appropriately made.
[Measures If Answer Sheet Format Spans A Plurality of Pages]
In the embodiments described above, the digital answer devices 1
and 1A and the digital correction device 7 are each provided with
the page change buttons K3L and K3R. If an answer sheet format
spans a plurality of pages, it is, therefore, possible to perform a
page change operation to display a desired one of the pages of the
answer sheet format as needed, and to input an answer or to make a
correction.
If an answer sheet format spans a plurality of pages as described
above, the time-series data and the pages of the answer sheet
format can hence be managed in association with each other for
every page of the answer sheet format. In this case, the data of
every students on the answer sheet format that includes the
plurality of pages can be managed collectively.
FIGS. 18A to 18B illustrate a table for describing a configuration
example of page-by-page answer information when an answer sheet
format spans a plurality of pages, in which FIG. 18A illustrates
the overall configuration of the page-by-page answer information
and FIGS. 18B, 18C and 18D illustrate examples of specific answer
information on every pages. Specifically, the page-by-page answer
information of the examples includes so-called header information,
that is, the candidate's No., subject and page number, the
time-series data on the page, and the answer sheet format data for
the page.
As illustrated in FIGS. 18B, 18C and 18D, the candidate Nos. and
subjects in the page-by-page answer information are commonly
"123456" and "mathematics," but the page numbers, time-series data
and answer sheet formats are different from one page to another.
Specifically, the time-series data on page 1 as the answer
information the page number. of which is "1" is created to be
inputted to the answer sheet format of page 1, and the answer sheet
format for the page is the answer sheet format for page 1.
Similarly, the time-series data on page 2 as the answer information
the page number of which is "2" is created to be inputted to the
answer sheet format of page 2, and the answer sheet format for the
page is the answer sheet format for page 2. Further, the
time-series data on page 3 as the answer information the page
number of which is "3" is created to be inputted to the answer
sheet format of page 3, and the answer sheet format for the page is
the answer sheet format for page 3. Page-by-page answer information
is similarly created according to the page number of the answer
sheet format.
The answer sheet format of page 1 is first displayed on the display
portion 104 and operating the page change button K3L or K3R is
operated to display the answer sheet format for a desired page, and
the input of an answer can then be performed. Further, by creating
the sets of page-by-page answer information illustrated in FIGS.
18B to 18D, respectively, the display of an answer sheet format and
the display of an answer according to the time-series data can be
performed page by page. For the sake of simplicity, it is
programmed to specify a desired page by operating the page change
button K3L or K3R. In this case, the page which is displayed serves
as a base page, and the page before or after the base page can be
specified.
If the page so specified is confirmed to be the desired page, the
page-by-page answer information corresponding to the page is then
read, and an answer sheet format for the page is displayed on the
display device 104 by using the answer sheet format data for the
page in the page-by-page answer information so read. Subsequently,
the answer, which corresponds to the time-series data for the page
in the page-by-page answer information so read, can be displayed in
superimposition over the answer sheet format displayed on the
display device 104. As is appreciated from the foregoing, each
student can display an answer sheet format for a desired page and
his or her corresponding inputted answer as needed, and can easily
perform processing such as a correction or a change.
As is appreciated from the foregoing, even if an answer sheet
format spans a plurality of pages, the answer sheet format and the
time-series data can be managed page by page in association with
each other, and can be managed collectively as information relating
to the answer sheet format including the plurality of pages.
Instead of having the page-by-page time-series data and the
page-by-page answer sheet format data associated with each other as
described with reference to FIGS. 18A to 18D, the page-by-page
time-series data and identification (ID) numbers of the
page-by-page answer sheet format data may be managed in association
with each other.
In the case of the second embodiment, the processing at the time of
correction can also be easily performed page by page of the answer
sheet format if the answer information, the answer sheet format,
the correction information and the seal information in the
transmittal correction information illustrated in FIG. 15 are
stored and held in association with one another and page by page of
the answer sheet format.
In the embodiments mentioned above, writing pressure information is
added to the time-series data created at the digital answer devices
1 and 1A, although not limited to such writing pressure
information. If an electronic pen is one capable of detecting, for
example, its inclination in addition to its writing pressure,
information that indicates the inclination of the electronic pen
may be added. If an electronic pen is provided with a so-called
side switch, information that indicates the state of the side
switch may also be added.
The side switch included in the electronic pen can also be
provided, for example, with functions as the eraser buttons
included in the digital answer devices 1 and 1A. More specifically,
for example, the frequency of a signal to be delivered from the
electronic pen is changed depending on whether or not the side
switch is pressed or not. By doing so, it is possible to determine
on the side of an input device such as the digital answer device
that writing is being conducted with the electronic pen when the
side switch is not pressed or erasing is conducted with the
electronic pen when the side switch is pressed.
[Modifications]
The first and second embodiments are described as those which
generate answer information at every predetermined timing during an
examination, but are not limited to them. For example, answer
information in which the X-coordinate Xn, Y-coordinate Yn, writing
pressure Pn and button status Sn are all "0 (zero)" may not be
included in transmittal answer information.
Instead of generating answer information at every predetermined
timing, answer information may be generated if an operation input
by the electronic pen 2 or an operation to an operation button is
performed. More specifically, it may be programmed such that the
time-series data generation circuitry 107 acquires timepoint
information from the clock circuit 108 and generates answer
information if a pointed position or a writing pressure is
outputted from the position detection circuitry 105B or if
information indicating an operated button is outputted from the
operation unit 106.
In the above-mentioned embodiments, the provision of necessary
information such as an answer sheet format and examination
questions is programmed to be received from the cloud system 5 or
5A, although not limited to such a configuration. For example, an
answer sheet format and examination questions may be stored and
distributed in an external memory that can be inserted in a memory
slot of the memory device 103, and may be displayed and used at the
digital answer device 1 or 1A. In addition, answer information may
be stored in the distributed external memory, which may then be
collected to make marking and correction.
In the above-mentioned embodiments, the position detection devices
105 and 705 are of an electromagnetic induction exchange type,
although not limited to such an electromagnetic induction exchange
type. For example, capacitive position detection devices, which
enables an input of information by an electronic pen, may be used.
As another alternative, position detection devices of a type other
than the electromagnetic induction exchange type or capacitive type
may also be used.
Only as questions, those which are printed on a paper medium may be
distributed to candidates or students. As an alternative, questions
may be projected on a large screen at each examination venue to
commonly provide them to candidates.
In the above-mentioned digital answer device 1, the current time
provided by the clock circuit 108 may be displayed on the display
device 104, because the ending time of an examination is important
information for candidates. At the end of an examination, the input
may be automatically restricted, and time-series data as answer
information may be automatically transferred.
The digital correction device 7 in the second embodiment has an
important feature in that the history of answering can be
reproduced and displayed following a movement of the slider SL on
the time bar TB. Therefore, instead of using the digital correction
device 7 dedicated for correction work, a digital correction device
can also be realized by mounting functions, with which the digital
correction device 7 is provided, on a general-purpose personal
computer.
In this case, the time bar TB and slider SL are displayed on a
display screen of the personal computer, and the slider SL on the
time bar TB is moved by keyboard operation or by operation of a
pointing device such as a so-called mouse. Following a movement of
the slider SL, time-series data as the history of answering is then
reproduced and displayed. In this manner, functions corresponding
to those of the digital correction device 7 can be realized using
the general-purpose personal computer.
For inputting correction information through the general-purpose
personal computer used as a digital correction device, an external
digitizer connectable to the personal computer may be used. The
digitizer in this case is a device constructed, for example, of a
position detection sensor of an electromagnetic coupling type and a
position detection circuitry that enables the detection of a
pointed position based on output signals from the position
detection sensor, and has a configuration illustrated in FIG.
5.
In the second embodiment, the slider SL may be arranged as a
hardware operating device at a suitable position on the digital
correction device 7. As another alternative, the slider SL may be
arranged independently as an operating device discrete from the
digital correction device 7, and may be connected and used through
a digital interface of a USB specification.
The first and second embodiments are described taking, although not
limited to, the cases in which the present disclosure is applied by
way of example to the examination system and distance learning
system. For example, the present disclosure can be applied to a
medical records management system employed by a hospital. More
specifically, template data of medical records is created, and the
template for the medical records is displayed on a display device
of a medical record input device having a similar configuration as
the above-mentioned digital answer device. An input of information
is then performed for every patient with an electronic pen. A
medical records management system can then be constructed by
managing the template for medical records and the time-series data
of every patients in association with each other.
Further, the present disclosure can also be applied to a
manufacture information management system employed by a factory.
More specifically, template data of a production process chart is
created, and the template data of the production process chart is
displayed on a display device of a process information input device
having a similar configuration as the above-mentioned digital
answer device. Information on the work status or the like in every
step for every product is inputted with an electronic pen. A
manufacture information management system can then be constructed
by managing the template format for the production process chart
and the time-series data of every step for every product in
association with each other.
As the input devices used in the above-described medical records
management system and manufacture information management system,
display-equipped portable terminals (so-called tablets) for
electronic pen input are most suited because nurses and process
chart supervisors are presumed to carry with them in many
instances. Templates for every patient's rooms and every steps in
the factory can be wirelessly transmitted to the portable terminals
(tablets), can be filled in with an electronic pen, and can then be
transmitted back.
In this manner, the present disclosure can be applied to various
systems which can create various templates without being limited to
answer sheet formats, can display the templates on the display
screens of input devices, can perform an input of information with
an electronic pen, and can manage the templates and the time-series
data in association with each other.
[Others]
As is also appreciated from the description of the first and second
embodiments, the description of the claims and the description of
the embodiments can be associated with each other as will be
described below. The functions of the sensor in the digital input
device (hereinafter simply referred to as "the digital input
device") in the claims are realized by the position detection
device 105 constructed of the position detection sensor 105A and
position detection circuitry 105B in the digital answer device 1 in
the first embodiment (hereinafter simply referred to as "digital
answer device 1"). The functions of the display device in the
digital input device are realized by the display device 104 of the
digital answer device 1, and the functions of the display processor
and first and second display processors in the digital input device
are realized by the cooperation of primarily the control circuit
102 and the display device 104 in the digital answer device 1. The
functions of the operation unit in the digital input device are
realized by the operation unit 106 in the digital answer device 1,
and the functions of the timepoint information providing unit in
the digital input device are realized by the clock circuit 108 in
the digital answer device 1.
Further, the functions of the time-series data generation in the
digital input device are realized by the time-series data
generation circuitry 107 in the digital answer device 1. The
functions of the first and second storage devices in the digital
input device are realized, for example, by the nonvolatile memory
arranged in the control circuit 102 and the internal memory and
external memory of the memory device 103, and the functions of the
receiving device and sending device in the digital input device are
realized by the sending and receiving antenna 101A and wireless
communication device 101 in the digital answer device 1. The
functions of the second storage device in the digital input device
are realized, for example, by the internal memory or external
memory of the memory device 103.
On the other hand, the functions of the second sensor in the
digital correction device (hereinafter simply referred to as "the
digital correction device") in the claims are realized by the
position detection device 705 constructed of the position detection
sensor 705A and position detection circuitry 705B in the digital
correction device 7 in the second embodiment (hereinafter simply
referred to as "digital correction device 7"). The functions of the
second display device in the digital correction device are realized
by the display device 704 in the digital correction device 7, and
the functions of the third display processor in the digital
correction device are realized by the display device 704 in the
digital correction device 7.
Further, the functions of the correction information creator in the
digital correction device are realized primarily by the control
circuit 702 in the digital correction device 7, and the functions
of the fourth display processor in the digital correction device
are realized by the control circuit 702 in the digital correction
device 7. The functions of the third and fourth storage devices in
the digital correction device are realized by the internal memory
or external memory of the memory device 703 in the digital
correction device 7, and the functions of the reproduction
instructing device in the digital correction device are realized by
the time bar TB and slider SL in the digital correction device
7.
While the preferred embodiments have been described above, it
should be understood that the embodiments are illustrated by way of
example only and various many changes and modifications may be made
therein without departing from the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *