Patent | Date |
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Systems and methods for providing haptic feedback for remote interactions Grant 11,347,311 - Levesque , et al. May 31, 2 | 2022-05-31 |
Systems and methods for multi-user shared virtual and augmented reality-based haptics Grant 11,086,403 - Rihn , et al. August 10, 2 | 2021-08-10 |
Systems and methods for providing haptic effects with airflow and thermal stimulation Grant 10,943,445 - Birnbaum , et al. March 9, 2 | 2021-03-09 |
Systems And Methods For Providing Haptic Effects With Airflow And Thermal Stimulation App 20200364994 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2020-11-19 |
Systems and methods for multi-user shared virtual and augmented reality-based haptics Grant 10,775,892 - Rihn , et al. Sept | 2020-09-15 |
Systems And Methods For Multi-user Shared Virtual And Augmented Reality-based Haptics App 20200257367 - A1 | 2020-08-13 |
Systems And Methods For Providing Haptic Feedback For Remote Interactions App 20200201440 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2020-06-25 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 10,664,143 - Birnbaum , et al. | 2020-05-26 |
Systems and methods for a haptically-enabled projected user interface Grant 10,656,715 - Levesque , et al. | 2020-05-19 |
Haptic-enabled Dispenser For Dispensing Consumable Substance App 20200150857 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2020-05-14 |
Method and apparatus of converting control tracks for providing haptic feedback Grant 10,650,645 - Levesque , et al. | 2020-05-12 |
Systems and methods for providing haptic feedback for remote interactions Grant 10,613,627 - Levesque , et al. | 2020-04-07 |
Externally-activated Haptic Devices And Systems App 20200082678 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2020-03-12 |
Systems and Methods for User Generated Content Authoring App 20200057506 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2020-02-20 |
Mobile device configured to receive squeeze input Grant 10,551,924 - Birnbaum , et al. Fe | 2020-02-04 |
Video gameplay haptics Grant 10,532,279 - Rihn , et al. Ja | 2020-01-14 |
Real-world Haptic Interactions For A Virtual Reality User App 20190391647 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2019-12-26 |
Dynamic rendering of etching input Grant 10,514,761 - Rihn , et al. Dec | 2019-12-24 |
Systems, Devices, And Methods For Providing Immersive Reality Interface Modes App 20190324549 - ARAKI; Satoshi ;   et al. | 2019-10-24 |
Haptic-enabled Wearable Device For Generating A Haptic Effect In An Immersive Reality Environment App 20190324538 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2019-10-24 |
Systems And Methods For Multi-user Shared Virtual And Augmented Reality-based Haptics App 20190324541 - Rihn; William S. ;   et al. | 2019-10-24 |
Systems and methods for user generated content authoring Grant 10,437,341 - Birnbaum , et al. O | 2019-10-08 |
Systems and methods for shifting haptic feedback function between passive and active modes Grant 10,416,775 - Birnbaum , et al. Sept | 2019-09-17 |
Haptic Implants App 20190262208 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2019-08-29 |
Generating Actions Based On A User's Mood App 20190258850 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2019-08-22 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity With Interactive Content App 20190258384 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2019-08-22 |
Externally-activated haptic devices and systems Grant 10,388,119 - Levesque , et al. A | 2019-08-20 |
Systems and methods for providing haptic effects Grant 10,372,217 - Birnbaum , et al. | 2019-08-06 |
Delivery Of Haptics To Select Recipients Of A Message App 20190207898 - WU; Liwen ;   et al. | 2019-07-04 |
Haptic implants Grant 10,327,974 - Levesque , et al. | 2019-06-25 |
Systems And Methods For Physics-based Tactile Messaging App 20190179413 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2019-06-13 |
Wearable haptic effects with permissions settings Grant 10,297,122 - Birnbaum , et al. | 2019-05-21 |
System, Device, And Method For Providing Haptic Feedback Responsive To Transfer Of Digital Content App 20190139020 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2019-05-09 |
System For Haptically Representing Sensor Input App 20190138099 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2019-05-09 |
Systems and Methods for Compensating for Visual Distortion Caused by Surface Features on a Display App 20190122346 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2019-04-25 |
Systems And Methods For Shifting Haptic Feedback Function Between Passive And Active Modes App 20190121440 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2019-04-25 |
System and method for shape deformation and force display of devices Grant 10,268,270 - Jiang , et al. | 2019-04-23 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 10,248,298 - Birnbaum , et al. | 2019-04-02 |
Systems and methods for physics-based tactile messaging Grant 10,248,203 - Birnbaum , et al. | 2019-04-02 |
Generating actions based on a user's mood Grant 10,248,850 - Rihn , et al. | 2019-04-02 |
Method And Apparatus Of Converting Control Tracks For Providing Haptic Feedback App 20190080570 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2019-03-14 |
System And Method For Providing Complex Haptic Stimulation During Input Of Control Gestures, And Relating To Control Of Virtual Equipment App 20190073037 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2019-03-07 |
Modifying haptic effects for slow motion Grant 10,216,277 - Rihn , et al. Feb | 2019-02-26 |
Keyless entry device for haptic communications Grant 10,204,495 - Flaherty , et al. Feb | 2019-02-12 |
Systems and methods for shifting haptic feedback function between passive and active modes Grant 10,203,756 - Birnbaum , et al. Feb | 2019-02-12 |
Haptic Implants App 20190038496 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2019-02-07 |
Systems and methods for compensating for visual distortion caused by surface features on a display Grant 10,198,795 - Birnbaum Fe | 2019-02-05 |
Delivery of haptics to select recipients of a message Grant 10,200,332 - Wu , et al. Fe | 2019-02-05 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 10,198,078 - Birnbaum , et al. Fe | 2019-02-05 |
System, device, and method for providing haptic feedback responsive to transfer of digital content Grant 10,192,211 - Levesque , et al. Ja | 2019-01-29 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity with Interactive Content App 20180356963 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2018-12-13 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20180348870 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2018-12-06 |
Externally-activated Haptic Devices And Systems App 20180350201 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2018-12-06 |
System and method for providing complex haptic stimulation during input of control gestures, and relating to control of virtual equipment Grant 10,139,911 - Grant , et al. Nov | 2018-11-27 |
Method of and apparatus for converting control tracks for providing haptic feedback Grant 10,102,725 - Levesque , et al. October 16, 2 | 2018-10-16 |
Systems and Methods for a Haptically-Enabled Projected User Interface App 20180292905 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2018-10-11 |
Systems and Methods for Haptic Message Transmission App 20180260029 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2018-09-13 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 10,073,598 - Birnbaum , et al. September 11, 2 | 2018-09-11 |
Wearable Haptic Effects With Permissions Settings App 20180253948 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2018-09-06 |
Keyless Entry Device for Haptic Communications App 20180240312 - Flaherty; Natasha Margaret Minenko ;   et al. | 2018-08-23 |
Dynamic Rendering Of Etching Input App 20180203513 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2018-07-19 |
Systems and methods for haptic message transmission Grant 10,019,061 - Birnbaum , et al. July 10, 2 | 2018-07-10 |
Video Gameplay Haptics App 20180169521 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2018-06-21 |
Wearable haptic effects with permissions settings Grant 9,990,815 - Birnbaum , et al. June 5, 2 | 2018-06-05 |
Keyless entry device for haptic communications Grant 9,978,227 - Flaherty , et al. May 22, 2 | 2018-05-22 |
Systems and methods for a haptically-enabled projected user interface Grant 9,965,034 - Levesque , et al. May 8, 2 | 2018-05-08 |
Dynamic rendering of etching input Grant 9,952,669 - Rihn , et al. April 24, 2 | 2018-04-24 |
Externally-activated haptic devices and systems Grant 9,928,696 - Levesque , et al. March 27, 2 | 2018-03-27 |
Video gameplay haptics Grant 9,919,208 - Rihn , et al. March 20, 2 | 2018-03-20 |
Interactive application with haptic feedback Grant 9,921,655 - Birnbaum March 20, 2 | 2018-03-20 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 9,910,496 - Birnbaum , et al. March 6, 2 | 2018-03-06 |
System And Method For Providing Complex Haptic Stimulation During Input Of Control Gestures, And Relating To Control Of Virtual Equipment App 20170357323 - GRANT; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2017-12-14 |
Systems And Methods For Providing Haptic Effects App 20170308169 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-10-26 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity with Interactive Content App 20170300117 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-10-19 |
Method And Apparatus Of Converting Control Tracks For Providing Haptic Feedback App 20170287292 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2017-10-05 |
Mobile Device Configured To Receive Squeeze Input App 20170277262 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-09-28 |
Wearable Haptic Effects With Permissions Settings App 20170243453 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-08-24 |
Keyless Entry Device for Haptic Communications App 20170236387 - Flaherty; Natasha Margaret Minenko ;   et al. | 2017-08-17 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 9,727,217 - Birnbaum , et al. August 8, 2 | 2017-08-08 |
Method and apparatus of converting control tracks for providing haptic feedback Grant 9,715,798 - Levesque , et al. July 25, 2 | 2017-07-25 |
Method and apparatus for representing user interface metaphors as physical changes on a shape-changing device Grant 9,703,378 - Birnbaum , et al. July 11, 2 | 2017-07-11 |
Externally-activated Haptic Devices And Systems App 20170193760 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2017-07-06 |
System, Device, And Method For Providing Haptic Feedback Responsive To Transfer Of Digital Content App 20170178114 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2017-06-22 |
Systems and Methods For Shifting Haptic Feedback Function Between Passive and Active Modes App 20170168579 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-06-15 |
Delivery Of Haptics To Select Recipients Of A Message App 20170171135 - Wu; Liwen ;   et al. | 2017-06-15 |
Interactive Touch Screen Metaphors With Haptic Feedback App 20170168573 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2017-06-15 |
Systems and methods for providing haptic effects Grant 9,678,569 - Birnbaum , et al. June 13, 2 | 2017-06-13 |
Method and apparatus of body-mediated digital content transfer and haptic feedback Grant 9,671,826 - Levesque , et al. June 6, 2 | 2017-06-06 |
System and method for providing complex haptic stimulation during input of control gestures, and relating to control of virtual equipment Grant 9,671,866 - Grant , et al. June 6, 2 | 2017-06-06 |
Keyless entry device for haptic communications Grant 9,666,040 - Flaherty , et al. May 30, 2 | 2017-05-30 |
Systems and methods for generating friction and vibrotactile effects Grant 9,639,158 - Levesque , et al. May 2, 2 | 2017-05-02 |
Systems and methods for shifting haptic feedback function between passive and active modes Grant 9,612,662 - Birnbaum , et al. April 4, 2 | 2017-04-04 |
Pressure-based Haptics App 20170083096 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2017-03-23 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20170031445 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2017-02-02 |
Systems and methods for haptic and gesture-driven paper simulation Grant 9,547,366 - Ullrich , et al. January 17, 2 | 2017-01-17 |
Systems and methods for providing haptic notifications Grant 9,529,435 - Levesque , et al. December 27, 2 | 2016-12-27 |
Programmable game-based haptic enabled gun controller Grant 9,504,914 - Grant , et al. November 29, 2 | 2016-11-29 |
Dynamic Rendering Of Etching Input App 20160313840 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2016-10-27 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 9,477,309 - Birnbaum , et al. October 25, 2 | 2016-10-25 |
Method And Apparatus Of Converting Control Tracks For Providing Haptic Feedback App 20160307414 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2016-10-20 |
Generating Actions Based On A User's Mood App 20160253552 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2016-09-01 |
Systems And Methods For User Interaction With A Curved Display App 20160246375 - Rihn; William ;   et al. | 2016-08-25 |
Modifying Haptic Effects For Slow Motion App 20160246377 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2016-08-25 |
System and method for haptic display of data transfers Grant 9,417,694 - Birnbaum , et al. August 16, 2 | 2016-08-16 |
System And Method For Providing Complex Haptic Stimulation During Input Of Control Gestures, And Relating To Control Of Virtual Equipment App 20160231814 - GRANT; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2016-08-11 |
Method and apparatus of converting control tracks for providing haptic feedback Grant 9,401,079 - Levesque , et al. July 26, 2 | 2016-07-26 |
Interactive touch screen metaphors with haptic feedback Grant 9,373,233 - Birnbaum June 21, 2 | 2016-06-21 |
Video Gameplay Haptics App 20160166929 - RIHN; William S. ;   et al. | 2016-06-16 |
Systems And Methods For Compensating For Visual Distortion Caused By Surface Features On A Display App 20160148353 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2016-05-26 |
System and method for simulated physical interactions with haptic effects Grant 9,330,544 - Levesque , et al. May 3, 2 | 2016-05-03 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20160109950 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2016-04-21 |
Systems and methods for compensating for visual distortion caused by surface features on a display Grant 9,274,635 - Birnbaum March 1, 2 | 2016-03-01 |
System and method for providing complex haptic stimulation during input of control gestures, and relating to control of virtual equipment Grant 9,235,969 - Grant , et al. January 12, 2 | 2016-01-12 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 9,229,532 - Birnbaum , et al. January 5, 2 | 2016-01-05 |
Handheld computer interface with haptic feedback Grant 9,227,137 - Grant , et al. January 5, 2 | 2016-01-05 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20150378437 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2015-12-31 |
Systems And Methods For Providing Haptic Feedback For Remote Interactions App 20150323993 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-11-12 |
Systems and Methods For Shifting Haptic Feedback Function Between Passive And Active Modes App 20150268727 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2015-09-24 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 9,134,803 - Birnbaum , et al. September 15, 2 | 2015-09-15 |
Systems and Methods for User Generated Content Authoring App 20150199024 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2015-07-16 |
Friction Augmented Controls And Method To Convert Buttons Of Touch Control Panels To Friction Augmented Controls App 20150185848 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-07-02 |
Systems And Methods For Providing Haptic Notifications App 20150185849 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-07-02 |
Systems And Methods For Recording And Playing Back Point-of-view Videos With Haptic Content App 20150189223 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-07-02 |
Systems And Methods For A Haptically-enabled Projected User Interface App 20150185841 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-07-02 |
Systems and methods for shifting haptic feedback function between passive and active modes Grant 9,063,571 - Birnbaum , et al. June 23, 2 | 2015-06-23 |
Systems And Methods For Generating Friction And Vibrotactile Effects App 20150145657 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-05-28 |
Method And Apparatus Of Body-mediated Digital Content Transfer And Haptic Feedback App 20150145656 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-05-28 |
Method And Apparatus Of Converting Control Tracks For Providing Haptic Feedback App 20150070154 - LEVESQUE; Vincent ;   et al. | 2015-03-12 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20150002280 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2015-01-01 |
System And Method For Shape Deformation And Force Display Of Devices App 20140320400 - JIANG; Li ;   et al. | 2014-10-30 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 8,866,602 - Birnbaum , et al. October 21, 2 | 2014-10-21 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity With Interactive Content App 20140281958 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2014-09-18 |
Systems and Methods For Haptic And Gesture-Driven Paper Simulation App 20140281954 - Ullrich; Christopher J. ;   et al. | 2014-09-18 |
System and method for shape deformation and force display of devices Grant 8,803,798 - Jiang , et al. August 12, 2 | 2014-08-12 |
Systems And Methods For Interpreting Physical Interactions With A Graphical User Interface App 20140189506 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2014-07-03 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 8,745,284 - Birnbaum , et al. June 3, 2 | 2014-06-03 |
System and Method for Simulated Physical Interactions With Haptic Effects App 20140139450 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2014-05-22 |
Systems and Methods For Providing Mode or State Awareness With Programmable Surface Texture App 20140139451 - Levesque; Vincent ;   et al. | 2014-05-22 |
Handheld computer interface with haptic feedback Grant 8,698,736 - Birnbaum , et al. April 15, 2 | 2014-04-15 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20140091914 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2014-04-03 |
Handheld Computer Interface With Haptic Feedback App 20140022065 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2014-01-23 |
Systems And Methods For Compensating For Visual Distortion Caused By Surface Features On A Display App 20140015862 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2014-01-16 |
System And Method For Providing Complex Haptic Stimulation During Input Of Control Gestures, And Relating To Control Of Virtual Equipment App 20140009273 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2014-01-09 |
Method And Apparatus For Representing User Interface Metaphors As Physical Changes On A Shape-changing Device App 20130335454 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2013-12-19 |
Interactive Touch Screen Metaphors With Haptic Feedback App 20130328814 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2013-12-12 |
Programmable Game-based Haptic Enabled Gun Controller App 20130331157 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2013-12-12 |
Systems and methods for mapping message contents to virtual physical properties for vibrotactile messaging Grant 8,587,417 - Birnbaum , et al. November 19, 2 | 2013-11-19 |
Keyless Entry Device For Haptic Communications App 20130278401 - FLAHERTY; Natasha Margaret Minenko ;   et al. | 2013-10-24 |
Handheld computer interface with haptic feedback Grant 8,542,105 - Grant , et al. September 24, 2 | 2013-09-24 |
Programmable game-based haptic enabled gun controller Grant 8,506,369 - Grant , et al. August 13, 2 | 2013-08-13 |
Systems and Methods For Shifting Haptic Feedback Function Between Passive And Active Modes App 20130201141 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2013-08-08 |
Interactive touch screen gaming metaphors with haptic feedback Grant 8,502,651 - Birnbaum August 6, 2 | 2013-08-06 |
System and method of haptically communicating vehicle information from a vehicle to a keyless entry device Grant 8,493,177 - Flaherty , et al. July 23, 2 | 2013-07-23 |
System and method for providing complex haptic stimulation during input of control gestures, and relating to control of virtual equipment Grant 8,469,806 - Grant , et al. June 25, 2 | 2013-06-25 |
Systems and methods for shifting haptic feedback function between passive and active modes Grant 8,462,125 - Birnbaum , et al. June 11, 2 | 2013-06-11 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity With Interactive Content App 20130104040 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2013-04-25 |
Haptically enhanced interactivity with interactive content Grant 8,352,643 - Birnbaum , et al. January 8, 2 | 2013-01-08 |
Haptically Enhanced Interactivity With Interactive Content App 20120084467 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2012-04-05 |
Systems and Methods for Providing Haptic Effects App 20110264491 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2011-10-27 |
System and Method of Haptically Communicating Vehicle Information From a Vehicle to a Keyless Entry Device App 20110187498 - Flaherty; Natasha Margaret Minenko ;   et al. | 2011-08-04 |
Handheld Computer Interface with Haptic Feedback App 20110121953 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2011-05-26 |
Method for Haptic Display of Data Features App 20110102332 - BIRNBAUM; David M. ;   et al. | 2011-05-05 |
Systems and Methods For Compensating For Visual Distortion Caused By Surface Features On A Display App 20110102462 - Birnbaum; David M. | 2011-05-05 |
Interactive Touch Screen Gaming Metaphors With Haptic Feedback App 20110018697 - BIRNBAUM; David M. | 2011-01-27 |
System And Method For Providing Complex Haptic Stimulation During Input Of Control Gestures, And Relating To Control Of Virtual Equipment App 20110021272 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2011-01-27 |
System And Method For Shape Deformation And Force Display Of Devices App 20100283727 - Jiang; Li ;   et al. | 2010-11-11 |
Method And Apparatus For Providing A Haptic Feedback Shape-changing Display App 20100283731 - GRANT; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2010-11-11 |
Handheld Computer Interface With Haptic Feedback App 20100245232 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-09-30 |
Systems and Methods For Interpreting Physical Interactions With A Graphical User Interface App 20100214243 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-08-26 |
Programmable Game-Based Haptic Enabled Gun Controller App 20100173686 - Grant; Danny A. ;   et al. | 2010-07-08 |
Systems And Methods For Shifting Haptic Feedback Function Between Passive And Active Modes App 20100013761 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-01-21 |
Systems And Methods For Mapping Message Contents To Virtual Physical Properties For Vibrotactile Messaging App 20100013653 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-01-21 |
Systems and Methods For Haptic Message Transmission App 20100017489 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-01-21 |
Systems and Methods For Physics-Based Tactile Messaging App 20100017759 - Birnbaum; David M. ;   et al. | 2010-01-21 |