Offc Action Outgoing

United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)

Office Action (Official Letter) About Applicant’s Trademark Application

 

 

 

NONFINAL OFFICE ACTION

 

The USPTO must receive applicant’s response to this letter within six months of the issue date below or the application will be abandoned.  Respond using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS).  A link to the appropriate TEAS response form appears at the end of this Office action. 

 

 

Issue date:  December 14, 2019

 

The referenced application has been reviewed by the assigned trademark examining attorney.  Applicant must respond timely and completely to the issue(s) below.  15 U.S.C. §1062(b); 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(a), 2.65(a); TMEP §§711, 718.03.

 

OFFICE SEARCH RESULTS

The trademark examining attorney has searched the Office’s database of registered and pending marks and has found no conflicting marks that would bar registration under Trademark Act Section 2(d).  TMEP §704.02; see 15 U.S.C. §1052(d).

 

SUMMARY OF ISSUES

• Surname refusal
• Advisory regarding surname refusal
• Identification of goods must be clarified
• Multiple class requirements
• Particular goods exceed scope of foreign registration

 

SURNAME REFUSAL

Registration is refused because the applied-for mark is primarily merely a surname.  Trademark Act Section 2(e)(4), 15 U.S.C. §1052(e)(4); see TMEP §1211. 

 

An applicant’s mark is primarily merely a surname if the surname, when viewed in connection with the applicant’s recited goods and/or services, “‘is the primary significance of the mark as a whole to the purchasing public.’”  Earnhardt v. Kerry Earnhardt, Inc., 864 F.3d 1374, 1377, 123 USPQ2d 1411, 1413 (Fed. Cir. 2017) (quoting In re Hutchinson Tech. Inc., 852 F.2d 552, 554, 7 USPQ2d 1490, 1492 (Fed. Cir. 1988)); TMEP §1211.01.

 

The following five inquiries are often used to determine the public’s perception of a term’s primary significance:

 

(1)        Whether the surname is rare;

 

(2)        Whether anyone connected with applicant uses the term as a surname;

 

(3)        Whether the term has any recognized meaning other than as a surname;

 

(4)        Whether the term has the structure and pronunciation of a surname; and

 

(5)        Whether the term is sufficiently stylized to remove its primary significance from that of a surname.

 

In re Eximius Coffee, LLC, 120 USPQ2d 1276, 1278 & n.2, 1282-83 (TTAB 2016) (citing In re Benthin Mgmt. GmbH, 37 USPQ2d 1332, 1333-34 (TTAB 1995) for the Benthin inquiries/factors); TMEP §1211.01; see also In re Etablissements Darty et Fils, 759 F.2d 15, 16-18, 225 USPQ 652, 653 (Fed. Cir. 1985). 

 

These inquiries are not exclusive, and any of these circumstances – singly or in combination – and any other relevant circumstances may be considered when making this determination.  In re Eximius Coffee, LLC, 120 USPQ2d at 1277-78; TMEP §1211.01.  For example, when the applied-for mark is not stylized, it is unnecessary to consider the fifth inquiry.  In re Yeley, 85 USPQ2d 1150, 1151 (TTAB 2007); TMEP §1211.01.

 

Please see the attached evidence from the Internet, establishing the surname significance of the surname “Pirelli”.  Also see results from a Lexis® search of the last name “Pirelli,” displaying a representative sample of people with this surname.  This evidence shows the applied-for mark appearing 268 times as a surname in a nationwide telephone directory of names.  Also attached is a dictionary search for “pirelli” displaying no results, indicating that the applied-for mark has no recognized meaning other than as a surname.

 

Adding a non-distinctive design element or letter stylization to a term that is primarily merely a surname does not change the surname significance of the term.  The primary significance of such a mark would still be that of a surname.  TMEP §1211.01(b)(ii); see In re Pickett Hotel Co., 229 USPQ 760, 763 (TTAB 1986) (holding PICKETT a surname despite use of stylized lettering); cf. In re Benthin Mgmt. GmbH, 37 USPQ2d 1332, 1333-34 (TTAB 1995).

 

In light of the above, the mark must be refused as primarily merely a surname under Section 2(e)(4).

 

Applicant should note the following advisory

 

ADVISORY REGARDING SURNAME REFUSAL

Applicant may amend the application to assert a claim of acquired distinctiveness under Trademark Act Section 2(f) based on ownership of active U.S. Registration No(s). 4445904.  See 15 U.S.C. §1052(f); TMEP §§1212.04 et seq.  To do so, applicant must request that the application be amended to assert a claim of acquired distinctiveness under Section 2(f) and submit the following statement, if accurate:

 

The mark has become distinctive of the goods and/or services as evidenced by the ownership of active U.S. Registration No(s). 4445904 on the Principal Register for the same mark for sufficiently similar goods and/or services.

 

TMEP §1212.04(e); see 37 C.F.R. §2.41(a)(1).

 

Applicant should note the following requirement(s)

 

 

IDENTIFICATION OF GOODS MUST BE CLARIFIED

The wording “rubber” in the identification of goods for International Class 17 must be clarified because it is too broad and could include goods in multiple international classes.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(6); TMEP §§1402.01, 1402.03.  In particular, this wording could encompass “rubber sheets” and “foam rubber” in International Class 17 as well as “rubber mats” in International Class 27.  Additionally, applicant must clarify the nature of the “synthetic foam” and “synthetic materials” and “gum” in International Class 17, as further indicated below.

 

Applicant may substitute the following wording, if accurate: 

 

International Class 17:            Sheets and blocks of foamed latex for use in the manufacture of mattresses and upholstery for armchairs, divans and sofas; synthetic polyethylene foam for use in the manufacture of mattresses and pillows; synthetic materials in the nature of polyethylene foam for use in the manufacture of mattresses, pillows, and quilts; rubber sheets; foam rubber; stuffing of rubber; gutta-percha; raw or semi-worked gum;

 

International Class 20:            Beds; box springs; mattresses; pillows, cushions; bedsprings as part of a box spring or mattress

 

International Class 24:            Bed linens; bed pads; bed sheets; bed spreads; mattress covers; mattress pads; pillow cases; quilts

 

International Class 27:         rubber mats

 

Applicant’s goods and/or services may be clarified or limited, but may not be expanded beyond those originally itemized in the U.S. application or as acceptably amended.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.71(a); TMEP §1402.06.  Applicant may clarify or limit the identification by inserting qualifying language or deleting items to result in a more specific identification; however, applicant may not substitute different goods and/or services or add goods and/or services not found in or encompassed by those in the original U.S. application or as acceptably amended.  See TMEP §1402.06(a)-(b).  The scope of the goods and/or services sets the outer limit for any changes to the identification and is generally determined by the ordinary meaning of the wording in the identification.  TMEP §§1402.06(b), 1402.07(a)-(b).  Any acceptable changes to the goods and/or services will further limit scope, and once goods and/or services are deleted, they are not permitted to be reinserted.  TMEP §1402.07(e).  Additionally, for U.S. applications filed under Trademark Act Section 44(e), the scope of the identification for purposes of permissible amendments may not exceed the scope of the goods and/or services identified in the foreign registration.  37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(6); Marmark, Ltd. v. Nutrexpa, S.A., 12 USPQ2d 1843, 1845 (TTAB 1989) (citing In re Löwenbräu München, 175 USPQ 178, 181 (TTAB 1972)); TMEP §§1012, 1402.01(b).

 

For assistance with identifying and classifying goods and services in trademark applications, please see the USPTO’s online searchable U.S. Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual.  See TMEP §1402.04.

 

 

 

MULTIPLE CLASS REQUIREMENTS

The application identifies goods and/or services in more than one international class; therefore, applicant must satisfy all the requirements below for each international class based on Trademark Act Section 44:

 

(1)        List the goods and/or services by their international class number in consecutive numerical order, starting with the lowest numbered class.

 

(2)        Submit a filing fee for each international class not covered by the fee(s) already paid (view the USPTO’s current fee schedule).  The application identifies goods and/or services that are classified in at least four classes; however, applicant submitted a fee(s) sufficient for only three class(es).  Applicant must either submit the filing fees for the classes not covered by the submitted fees or restrict the application to the number of classes covered by the fees already paid.

 

See 15 U.S.C. §§1051(b), 1112, 1126(e); 37 C.F.R. §§2.32(a)(6)-(7), 2.34(a)(2)-(3), 2.86(a); TMEP §§1403.01, 1403.02(c).

 

See an overview of the requirements for a Section 44 multiple-class application and how to satisfy the requirements online using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS) form.

 

 

 

PARTICULAR GOODS EXCEED SCOPE OF FOREIGN REGISTRATION

Particular wording in the U.S. application’s identification of goods and/or services is not acceptable because it exceeds the scope of the goods and/or services in the foreign registration.  See 37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(6); TMEP §§1402.06 et seq., 1402.07.  For a U.S. application based on Trademark Act Section 44, an applicant is required to list only goods and/or services that are within the scope of the goods and/or services in the foreign registration.  37 C.F.R. §2.32(a)(6); TMEP §§1012, 1402.01(b).  Therefore, this wording is not considered part of the identification of goods and/or services in the U.S. application, and the remaining wording in the identification is operative for purposes of future amendment.  See TMEP §1402.01(b); cf. TMEP §1402.07(d).

 

In this case, the U.S. application identifies the goods and/or services as follows:

 

International Class 17:            Sheets and blocks of foamed latex for use in the manufacture of mattresses and upholstery for armchairs, divans and sofas; synthetic foam for mattresses and pillows; synthetic materials for mattresses, pillows, and quilts; rubber; gutta-percha; gum

 

International Class 20:            Beds; box springs; mattresses; pillows, cushions; bedsprings as part of a box spring or mattress

 

International Class 24:            Bed linens; bed pads; bed sheets; bed spreads; mattress covers; mattress pads; pillow cases; quilts  

 

However, the foreign registration identifies the following goods and/or services: 

 

International Class 17:            Synthetic foam for mattresses and pillows, synthetic materials for mattresses, pillows and quilt, rubber, gutta-percha, gum;

 

International Class 20:            Beds, supports for beds, bed head, bedside table, furniture and parts thereof for beds, mattress and pillows;

 

International Class 24:            Bed sheets, fitted bed sheet covers, bed flat sheets and pillow cases and quilt covers

 

In particular “Sheets and blocks of foamed latex for use in the manufacture of mattresses and upholstery for armchairs, divans and sofas” and “cushions” and “bed pads” and “mattress pads” in the U.S. application exceeds the scope of the goods and/or services in the foreign registration because these goods do not fall entirely within the wording set forth in the foreign registration.

 

Therefore, applicant may respond by satisfying one of the following:

 

(1)        Amending the identification of goods and/or services in the U.S. application to correspond to the goods and/or services in the foreign registration, ensuring that all goods and/or services beyond the scope of the foreign registration are deleted from the U.S. application; or

 

(2)        Substituting a basis under Section 1(a) or 1(b) for those goods and/or services in the U.S. application that are beyond the scope of the foreign registration.  An applicant may assert more than one basis in an application (except Section 1(a) and 1(b) may not be asserted for the same goods and/or services), provided all requirements are satisfied for each claimed basis.

 

See 15 U.S.C. §§1051(a)-(b), 1126; 37 C.F.R. §§2.32(a)(6), 2.34(b), 2.35(b); Marmark Ltd. v. Nutrexpa S.A., 12 USPQ2d 1843, 1845 (TTAB 1989); TMEP §§806.02, 806.03(h), 1402.01(b). 

 

Additionally, applicant may respond by arguing that these goods and/or services are within the scope of the foreign registration and should remain in the U.S. application.

 

If applicant selects option (1), above, the following amended identification of goods is suggested to comply with the scope requirements as well as the U.S. identification of goods requirements and the multiple class requirements:

 

International Class 17:            Sheets and blocks of foamed synthetic latex for use in the manufacture of mattresses and upholstery for armchairs, divans and sofas; synthetic polyethylene foam for use in the manufacture of mattresses and pillows; synthetic materials in the nature of polyethylene foam for use in the manufacture of mattresses, pillows, and quilts; rubber sheets; foam rubber; stuffing of rubber; gutta-percha; raw or semi-worked gum;

 

International Class 20:            Beds; box springs; mattresses; pillows, cushions in the nature of pillows; bedsprings as part of a box spring or mattress

 

International Class 24:            Bed linens; bed pads; bed sheets; bed spreads; mattress covers; mattress pads; pillow cases; quilts

 

 

RESPONSE

Please call or email the assigned trademark examining attorney with questions about this Office action.  Although the trademark examining attorney cannot provide legal advice or statements about applicant’s rights, the trademark examining attorney can provide applicant with additional explanation about the refusal(s) and/or requirement(s) in this Office action.  See TMEP §§705.02, 709.06.  Although the USPTO does not accept emails as responses to Office actions, emails can be used for informal communications and will be included in the application record.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.62(c), 2.191; TMEP §§304.01-.02, 709.04-.05. 

 

 

 

TEAS PLUS OR TEAS REDUCED FEE (TEAS RF) APPLICANTS – TO MAINTAIN LOWER FEE, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS MUST BE MET, INCLUDING SUBMITTING DOCUMENTS ONLINE:  Applicants who filed their application online using the lower-fee TEAS Plus or TEAS RF application form must (1) file certain documents online using TEAS, including responses to Office actions (see TMEP §§819.02(b), 820.02(b) for a complete list of these documents); (2) maintain a valid e-mail correspondence address; and (3) agree to receive correspondence from the USPTO by e-mail throughout the prosecution of the application.  See 37 C.F.R. §§2.22(b), 2.23(b); TMEP §§819, 820.  TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants who do not meet these requirements must submit an additional processing fee of $125 per class of goods and/or services.  37 C.F.R. §§2.6(a)(1)(v), 2.22(c), 2.23(c); TMEP §§819.04, 820.04.  However, in certain situations, TEAS Plus or TEAS RF applicants may respond to an Office action by authorizing an examiner’s amendment by telephone or e-mail without incurring this additional fee.  

 

How to respond.  Click to file a response to this nonfinal Office action.    

 

 

/Miah Rosenberg LaMont/

Examining Attorney

Law Office 117

(571) 272-6170

miah.lamont@uspto.gov

 

 

RESPONSE GUIDANCE

• Missing the response deadline to this letter will cause the application to abandon.  A response or notice of appeal must be received by the USPTO before midnight Eastern Time of the last day of the response period.  TEAS and ESTTA maintenance or unforeseen circumstances could affect an applicant’s ability to timely respond.  

 

• Responses signed by an unauthorized party are not accepted and can cause the application to abandon.  If applicant does not have an attorney, the response must be signed by the individual applicant, all joint applicants, or someone with legal authority to bind a juristic applicant.  If applicant has an attorney, the response must be signed by the attorney.

 

• If needed, find contact information for the supervisor of the office or unit listed in the signature block.

 

United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)

 

USPTO OFFICIAL NOTICE

 

Office Action (Official Letter) has issued

on December 14, 2019 for

U.S. Trademark Application Serial No. 88615884

 

Your trademark application has been reviewed by a trademark examining attorney.  As part of that review, the assigned attorney has issued an official letter that you must respond to by the specified deadline or your application will be abandoned.  Please follow the steps below.

 

(1)  Read the official letter.

 

(2)  Direct questions about the contents of the Office action to the assigned attorney below. 

 

 

/Miah Rosenberg LaMont/

Examining Attorney

Law Office 117

(571) 272-6170

miah.lamont@uspto.gov

 

Direct questions about navigating USPTO electronic forms, the USPTO website, the application process, the status of your application, and/or whether there are outstanding deadlines or documents related to your file to the Trademark Assistance Center (TAC).

 

(3)  Respond within 6 months (or earlier, if required in the Office action) from December 14, 2019, using the Trademark Electronic Application System (TEAS).  The response must be received by the USPTO before midnight Eastern Time of the last day of the response period.  See the Office action for more information about how to respond

 

 

 

GENERAL GUIDANCE

·         Check the status of your application periodically in the Trademark Status & Document Retrieval (TSDR) database to avoid missing critical deadlines.

 

·         Update your correspondence email address, if needed, to ensure you receive important USPTO notices about your application.

 

·         Beware of misleading notices sent by private companies about your application.  Private companies not associated with the USPTO use public information available in trademark registrations to mail and email trademark-related offers and notices – most of which require fees.  All official USPTO correspondence will only be emailed from the domain “@uspto.gov.”